2022年中考专题定语从句（共有PPT21张）

(共21张PPT)
定语从句
用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的
名（代）词叫作先行词。引导定语从句的有关系
代词(which,who,whom,that,whose)和关系副词
(when/where/why)定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后面。
1. The students (who don’t study hard) will not
先行词 定语从句
pass the exam.
主句:
The students will not pass the exam.
2. The woman (whom/who you saw in the park) is our
先行词 定语从句
English teacher.
主句:
The woman is our English teacher.
从句的主语：
you
从句的宾语：
Whom
3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes).
主句：
A shoe shop is a shop.
从句的主语:
which
4. The book (that you want) is on the desk.
主句
从句的主语: 从句的宾语：
The book is on the desk.
you
that
引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who
whom,whose等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句
之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。
The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the
next room.
主语
I lost the book(( that/which ) you gave me).
宾语
归纳：that既可指人又可指物，作主语或宾语。
which指物，作主语或宾语。
who, whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。
whose指人或物的所有格,作定语.(=of which/whom)
that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。
1) A plane is a machine ________________ can fly.
2) The car _______________________ my uncle
bought last week was stolen.
3) The students ________________ don’t study hard
will not pass the exam.
4) The woman ___________________ you saw in
the park is our English teacher.
5) He talked happily about the men and books
__________ interested him greatly in the school.
which/that
which/that
who/that
whom/that
that
The man ___________wallet was stolen
_______________
yesterday is Jim's uncle.
The house ___________ windows face
___________________
the south belongs to us.
whose
whose
the wallet of whom
the windows of which
1.The young lady ______ we met yesterday is our maths teacher.
what B. whose C. who D. which
2.The bus ran over a student and his dog ____
just crossing the road.
that was B. which were C. that were
3、Do you know the man ___ is talking with your father
A. whose B. who C. which
4、The boys ___ the teacher talked to are from Class One.
A. when B. which C. who
C
C
B
C
用合适的关系词填空：
1.The man _______ is talking with my mother is my uncle.
2. I love music _________I can sing along with.
3. He is the man __________ lives in Qingdao.
4.They talked of the things and persons ____ they remembered.
5. Do you know the song __________ is called “heart strings”
Who/that
that/which
that/who
that
that/which
Join two sentences into one:
The boy is my brother.
He helped me.
1. The boy who helped me is my brother.
The film is interesting.
They saw it last night.
2. The film they saw last night is interesting.
The students will not pass the exam.
They don’t work hard.
3.The students who don’t work hard will not pass
the exam.
1. That book that you want it is on the desk.
2. Is this factory that we visited last week
the one
This factory is the one that we visited last week
3. He is the person for whom you are looking.
for
4. The person to whom you talked is Lily.
The person whom you talked to is Lily.
归纳：1定语从句要避免成分重复
2定语从句要避免漏用先行词
3含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开
Fill in the blanks.
1. I still remember the day ______________
we spent in the forest.
2. I still remember the day ____________ I first
came to Beijing.
3.The factory _____________ we will visit is large.
4.The factory ____________ his father works is large.
5.I’ll never forget the time _________________
we work on the farm.
6.This is the house _____________ we lived last year.
(that/which)
when/on which
(that/which)
where/in which
when/during which
where/in which
归纳:关系副词when指时间,where指地点,why指原因
在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若
作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which.
7.That is the reason_________
she didn't come to work.
why/for which
关系副词：where,when,why作状语(=介词+which)
以下情况只能用that
1. 先行词既指人又指物时。
2. 当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，或有
the only (唯一的,最好的,独一无二的) , the very
(正是那个，恰好的) the last等修饰时。
eg.He is the only person that can help you out.
You are the very man(that) I'm looking for.
3. 先行词是 all, much,none,some,any,little,
the one, something, anything,everything,nothing
等不定代词时。
4 .主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时。
5.当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作表语时。
6.主句是There be 结构，定语从句用that作关系
代词。
关系词只用which/who/whom不用that的情况：
1.先行词为that,those时，表物用which,表人用who/whom.
eg. What's that which is under the desk
Those who have made contributions to developing China will be praised.
2.关系代词前有介词时只用which/whom,且不能省略。
eg. That is the village in which I spent my childhood.
This is the man from whom I learnt the news.
3. 引导非限制性定语从句时。
eg. Tom came back, which made us happy.
4.当先行词为anyone,everyone,those,he,she,all,any只人时用who/whom不用that .
eg. I will shoot anyone who moves.
It is he who saved me.
Fill in the gaps:
1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle
_______ were in the fields.
2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _______ is in
front of our school gate.
3.This is the very thing ______ I was looking for.
4.This is the second novel ______ I have ever read.
5.There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten
me.
6.Who is the man _______ is reading under the tree
7.My hometown is not the same one _______ it used
to be twenty years ago.
that
that
that
that
that
that
that
Corrections:
1. The man just said hello to me is my chemistry
teacher.
who
2. Who is the comrade you just shook hands with him.
3. Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.
( where which)
4. This is the best dictionary which I have ever used.
( which that)
5. The house where we live in is not very large.
( where which/that)
6. The house that it was built in 1970 stayed up in
the earthquake.
“介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋whom/which”引
导定语从句应注意：
1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素
A.与先行词的搭配关系
1）I will never forget the day _____________ I
joined the army.
2) I will never forget the days ____________ I
worked in the school.
3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son
went to college.
4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, ____________
most people had had supper.
on which
during which
in which
by which
B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯
1）Have you found the book ____________ I paid
29 US dollars
2) Have you found the book _____________ I spent
29 US dollars
3) Have you found the book _____________ we
learnt a lot
4) Have you found the book ____________ she
often talks
for which
on which
from which
about which
4. 表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介
词of, 有时可用whose转换。
1) There are 100 teachers in our school, __________
60 are women teachers.
2) He has three children, two ___________ work as
teachers.
3) That table has four legs, all _____________ are
very short.
4) I’m painting a house, the roof _____________ is
round.
I’m painting a house whose roof is round
5) They live in a house ,_________ windows face
south.
They live in a house, the windows
_________ face south.
of whom
of whom
of which
of which
whose
of which
2. “介词＋whom/which”与 “whom/which/that/…
＋介词”的转换。
1）The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood.
The chair (which/that) she is sitting on is made
of wood.
2) Is this the book which you are looking for
介词for不能与 look分开。
3. way作先行词
1) The way (in which/that) he looks at the problems
is wrong.
用介词＋关系代词填空
1 The boy was staying in the room ___________
window he could climb down.
2. He’s the man ____________ I learnt the news.
3. Who’s the comrade ____________ you just shook
hands.
4. There are 52 students in our class, ___________
nearly 40 are League members.
5. I know a lady the husband ____________ is a
Nobel Prize winner.
6. Do you know the driver who caused the traffic
accident ____________ a man was killed.
7. This is the way __________ she studies English.
through whose
from whom
with whom
of whom
of whom
in which
in which
8. The 5 yuan_____________ he bought the book was
given by his friend.
9. The story about Shakespeare, _________ this is
one example , is well written.
10. The old man always wears his glasses _________
_________ he can’t see anything.
11.The key_________ she was opening the door broke.
12. The library ___________ we often go on Sundays
is not far from our school.
13. No one know the reason _____________ she is
leaving so early.
14. At last they came to a river _____________ a new
bridge is being built.
for which
of which
without
which
with which
to which
for which
over which
关系代词引导的定语从句：
Complete the following sentences:
1. Is this the school _____________ you visited
last year
Is this school ______ _____ you visited last year
2. He is one of the students who _____ good at maths.
He is the only one of the students who _____ good
at maths.
3. The girl _____ I think was honest lied to me.
The girl ______ I think to be honest lied to me.
4. China is no longer _______ she was 10 years ago.
China is no longer the country ______ she was 10
years ago.
(that/which)
the one
are
is
who
whom
what
that
5. The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from
______ ______ you bought last month.
The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from
______ you bought last month.
6. Do you still remember the hotel ____ ______ we
lived last summer holiday
Do you still remember the park ___________we
visited last summer holiday
7. This is the room ____________ my grandmother
used to lived in.
This is the room ______ ______ my grandmother
used to lived .
the one
what
in which
(that/which)
(which/that)
in which
8. He has two sons, and both of _____ work as actors.
He has two sons, both of _____ work as actors.
9.China has hundreds of islands, ____ _____ Taiwan
is the largest.
China has hundreds of islands, the largest_____
_______ is Taiwan.
10.This is the house _____ _____ the window was
broken yesterday.
This is the house _______ window was broken
yesterday.
11.He is the teacher _____ ______ help we have
made great progress.
them
whom
of which
of
which
of which
whose
with whose