(共71张PPT)
素养目标
单元知识抢先知
必记单词
文化意识
(主题语境:个人、家庭、社区及学校生活)
了解中外高中生
在学习与校园生
活方面的异
重点短语
对高中生活形成
确的认
质
联系自身实际,有
逻辑地表达个人的
高中学习生活初步
体验,制订个人学
习规划,实现知
经典句型
识与思维能力的
迁移
学习能力
核心语法
能够多渠道获取
英语学习资源
能够选择恰当
策略与方法,监
话题写作
和调整白己的学
习内容和进程
语言能力
单元话
题导入
A鱼Starting out & Understanding ideas
As I grew older，it seemed that every first school day was the best and the worst at the same time.Every year, I'd hardly be able to sleep, waking up every thirty minutes or so, only to be wide awake by about 5：30 in the morning.Make sure I had everything packed about 10 times over.Yes, I was the student running around with the backpack already full on the first day of school.Here is one of my first school days.
On the first day，I got up early, walking down the street at 7：15 am to pick up my friend Daniel，with my mom.She'd warned me that Daniel probably wouldn't be ready like I was yet and that we shouldn't leave so soon, but I was sure Daniel was as excited as I was for the first day.But when we arrived, he was still eating his breakfast.
Finally, we got to walking out of the door toward our school.I was walking ahead of the group，ready to get my first day started.I rushed to the younger kids' playground to see where we were supposed to line up.I sat my backpack down under my teacher's name，and was eager to be the first in the line into our classroom.
[理解]
Read the passage and answer the following questions.
1．How did the writer feel on the first school day every year
A mixture of excitement and disappointment.
2．Did Daniel have the same feeling with the writer
No.
[积累]
1．wake up 醒，醒来
2．pack v. 收拾(行李)；装(箱)
3．pick up (开车)接载
4．warn v. 告诫，劝告
5．rush v. 急速
6．be supposed to 理应， 应当
7．be eager to 盼望，渴望
Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas
My First Day at Senior① High
Monday 4 September
[1]After I had pictured② it over and over again③ in my mind, the big day finally arrived：my first day at senior high! I woke up④ early and rushed out of the door⑤ in my eagerness⑥ to get to know⑦ my new school.
[1]after引导时间状语从句。
The campus⑧ was still quiet when I arrived, so I decided to explore a bit.[2]I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. “New here？”[3]Turning around, I saw a white haired⑨ man. “Yes，”I replied⑩.[4]“I'm wondering what life is going to be like here.” “Don't worry，” he gave me a smile.“You'll soon find out.”
[2]本句为be doing ...when ...结构，意为“正在做……，这时……”，when连接并列句，相当于and at that time。
[3]turning around为现在分词短语作状语。
[4]what引导宾语从句。
[5]How true these words were！[6]When my English teacher stepped into the classroom, I was surprised to see the same man I had met earlier.
[5]how引导感叹句。
[6]when引导时间状语从句；I had met earlier为定语从句，修饰先行词man，其前省略了that/who。
“Good morning, everyone.Before we start, please come to the front one by one and introduce yourself to the class.I'll go first ...”
“What？！” I tried to turn on my brain but the engine just wouldn't start .“I should say my name, of course.But what else What could I say to make a good first impression ？ Something about my insect collection ， perhaps.” I was organising my words in my head when the girl next to me gave me a nudge .“It's your turn！”
[7]With butterflies in my stomach， I breathed deeply.“Hi, I'm Meng Hao.” Everyone started laughing.I looked at them in panic.“Nice to know we share the same name，” said my new teacher.I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! Although I was embarrassed， his words made me a lot relaxed！
[7]with butterflies in my stomach为with复合结构。
When we had all introduced ourselves, Mr Meng said, “Well done, everyone! I know this isn't easy for many of you.But this is just the kind thing you are going to face at senior high.Challenges like this might sometimes put you under pressure.[8]But it all depends on what you do. Keep calm and be prepared.That way, you'll make the most of your time at senior high.”
[8]what引导宾语从句。
People say，“Well begun, half done.”I guess this was a good beginning to my new school life.
①senior adj. (地位、水平或级别) 高的，高级的
senior high 高中
②picture vt. 想象，设想
③over and over again 反复，再三
④wake up 醒来
⑤rush out of the door 冲出门口
⑥eagerness n． 热切，渴望
eager adj. 渴望的，热切的
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
⑦get to know (花时间)了解
⑧campus n． 校园
campus life 校园生活
⑨white haired adj. 白发苍苍的
⑩reply vi. 回答，答复；回应
reply with a smile 报以微笑
reply to 答复；对……做出回应
response n． 回答，答复；反应
wonder vt. 想知道
step into 踏入；进入
introduce ...to ... 向……介绍……
turn on my brain 让大脑运转起来
start vt.&vi. 开动，启动
start the engine 发动引擎
The car won't start. 这辆车发动不起来。
make a good first impression 留下好的第一印象
insect n． 昆虫
collection n． (一批) 收藏品
collect vt. 收集，收藏
organise vt. 组织
organisation n． 组织
well organised adj. 井井有条的
give sb.a nudge 推某人一下
butterflies in one's stomach 情绪紧张，心里发慌
breathe vi. 呼吸
breath n． 呼吸
panic n． 惊恐，惊慌
in panic 惊慌地
embarrassed adj. 尴尬的，害羞的
relaxed adj. 放松的
face vt. 面对
face difficulties 面对困难
be faced with 面对
challenge n． 挑战
pressure n． 压力
put sb.under pressure 给某人压力
depend on 依赖，依靠
keep calm 保持冷静
make the most of 充分利用
[参考译文]
我的高中第一天
9月4日星期一
我在脑海中进行了无数次的想象之后，如今这一天终于来了：我高中生活的第一天！我一大早就起床冲出了家门，迫不及待地想了解我的新学校。
我来到学校时，四周还是一片寂静，我决定四处探索一番。我正在浏览公告牌上的照片，这时身后忽然传来一个声音：“你是新生吗？”我转过身，看到一位白发老人。“是的，”我答道，“我正在想这里的生活将是怎么样的。”“别担心，”他对我微微一笑，“你很快就会知道了。”
这些话说得真是太对了！当我的英语老师走进教室时，我惊讶地发现，他就是我之前遇到的那位老人。
“大家早上好。开始上课前，请大家依次到前面来向全班介绍一下你自己。我先来……”
“什么？！”我试图让大脑运转起来，可引擎怎么就是无法发动呢。“我肯定得先介绍我的名字。还有呢？我该说些什么才能给别人留下个不错的第一印象呢？也许可以说说我收集昆虫标本的事。”我正忙着在脑海中组织语言，坐在我旁边的女孩轻轻推了我一下：“轮到你了！”
我心里七上八下、紧张万分。我深吸了一口气说：“大家好，我叫孟浩。”大家一下子哄笑起来，我惊慌失措地盯着他们。“很高兴我们同名啊。”我的新老师说。我刚才太紧张了，竟然没有仔细听老师的自我介绍！尽管有些尴尬，老师的话还是让我放松了很多！
我们都介绍完后，孟老师说：“大家都做得很好！我知道这对你们很多人来说并不容易，但这种情况正是大家在高中阶段将要面对的。类似的挑战有时可能会让大家倍感压力，但是一切都取决于你们自己的努力。大家要时刻保持冷静，做好准备。那样，你们就可以充分利用高中的时光了。”
常言道：“好的开始，是成功的一半。”我想，我的高中生活开了一个好头。
Step One：Pre reading
What's your biggest challenge of the first week when entering senior high school？Discuss in pairs and place a tick in the proper box.
□Don't know which courses to choose.
□What club will be suitable for me
□Don't get used to the learning schedule of senior high school.
□Feeling lonely and missing my family.
□I find it hard to deal with my classmates and teachers.
(Answers may vary.)
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
The passage mainly talks about .
A．an English teacher
B．a boy's daily life at senior high
C．how to deal with the challenges at senior high
D．what the boy experienced on his first day at senior high
答案：D
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．How did Meng Hao find his senior high school life
A．Interesting. B．Curious.
C．Unknown. D．Worried.
2．The sentence “I tried to turn on my brain but the engine just wouldn't start.” means “ .”
A．There was something wrong with my brain
B．The engine broke down and needed repairing
C．I was too nervous to think about how to introduce myself
D．The engine was so old that it was impossible to start it again
3．The phrase “With butterflies in my stomach” means “ ”．
A．He felt sick B．He was angry
C．He was happy D．He was nervous
4．What made everyone laugh when Meng Hao was introducing himself
A．His humorous words.
B．His strange behavior.
C．That he shares the same name with their English teacher.
D．That he stood there quietly without saying a word to the whole class.
答案：1～4 BCDC
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Meng Hao became a Senior 1 student on 4 September.But before the day, he 1.had pictured (picture) the senior life many times in his mind.On the day, he woke up 2.earlier (early) than usual and rushed to the new school in his 3.eagerness (eager)．In campus, Meng Hao was looking at the noticeboard 4.when a white haired man approached and talked to him.And later he was 5.surprised (surprise) to find the white haired man was his English teacher.In the first English class, the teacher asked them to introduce 6.themselves to the class.Before the students' doing this, the teacher introduced himself first.Meng Hao was too nervous 7.to notice (notice) this.When he began to introduce his name, everyone started 8.laughing (laugh) because he had 9.the same name with his teacher.Mr Meng told them it wasn't easy to do that and also encouraged them to keep calm before 10.challenges (challenge) and be prepared for them.Meng Hao felt more confident about his future school life.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．a senior government minister 府高级部长
2．a university campus 学校园
3．medical facilities 疗设施
4．an embarrassing moment 尬的时刻
5．best selling author 销书作家
6．explore the city 察这个城市
7．a state of panic 慌状态
8．one of the greatest challenges faced by scientists
科学家们所面临的最大的挑战之一
9．public pressure 众压力
10．a detailed description of the procedure
对程序作的详细说明
11．Out of curiosity, he was interested in the curious boy always asking questions.(curious)
12．His impressive deed left a deep impression on me.(impress)
13．There's a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve on which we wear traditional costumes.(tradition)
14．Eager to visit my parents, I couldn't hide my eagerness to get back home.(eager)
15．The Red Cross is an organisation，whose organisers organised it in order to help people in trouble.And its work is always well organised.(organise)
16．He held his breath and then breathed deeply.(breathe)
17．He was in a relaxed, confident mood and answered the questions with confidence.(confident)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
1．describe v．描述＋ tion ( sion)→description n．描述，描写
impression n．印象，感想 organisation n．组织
collection n．(一批) 收藏品 correction n．改正
2．impress v．给……印象深刻＋ ive→impressive adj.给……印象深刻的
creative adj.有创造力的 effective adj.有效的
attractive adj.有吸引力的 competitive adj.有竞争力的
3．eager adj.渴望的，热切的＋ ness→eagerness n．热切，渴望
darkness n．黑暗 happiness n．幸福，愉快
sadness n．伤心 carelessness n．粗心大意
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．A few images gradually appeared on the computer screen one by one (依次地)．
2．When George walked into the factory office to ask for a job, he had butterflies in his stomach (情绪紧张)．
3．This area depends on (依赖) the shipping industry for its survival.
4．You have no choice but to make the most of (充分利用) the limited materials.
5．The public put him under pressure (使……有压力) when he expressed his views.
6．Wang Yi stated it was important for Chinese soldiers to keep calm (保持冷静) in the face of emergencies.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.
[句式分析] when连接并列句。
[佳句仿写] 我正在看足球赛，这时突然停电了。
I was watching the football match when there was a power failure.
2．[教材原句] How true these words were!
[句式分析] how引导感叹句。
[佳句仿写] 他现在工作多努力呀！
How hard he is working now!
3．[教材原句] With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply.
[句式分析] with复合结构。
[佳句仿写] 那女孩眼泪汪汪地抬起头。
The girl looked up with tears in her eyes.
1．curious adj.好奇的
(2020·天津高考)She was curious about how the experts did it.
她很好奇专家是怎么做到的。
(1)be/become curious about 对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth. 急于做某事，想要做某事
(2)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心
out of curiosity 出于好奇
with curiosity 好奇地
(3)curiously adv. 好奇地
(经典佳句) Babies are curious about everything around them.
婴儿对周围的一切都很好奇。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ) Filled with curiosity (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
②I was curious to know (know) what would happen next.
补全句子
③出于好奇，他拆开了寄给他妹妹的信。
He opened the letter addressed to his younger sister out of curiosity.
[写美] 一句多译
我好奇地打开了黑色盒子，想找到原因。
④With curiosity, I opened the black box to find out why.
⑤Curiously, I opened the black box to find out why.
[巧学助记] The girl was curious to know what was inside the box.So she ran to her mother and asked curiously/with curiosity，“Mommy, can you open the box for me？” Her mother agreed to open it to satisfy the girl's curiosity.
女孩想知道盒子里面是什么。于是她跑向母亲，好奇地问道：“妈妈，你能帮我打开这个盒子吗？”她妈妈同意打开它来满足女孩的好奇心。
2．impression n．印象，感想
(教材P1) What was your first impression of your new school
你对你的新学校的第一印象是什么？
(1)leave/make a(n) ... impression on sb.
给某人留下……的印象
(2)impress v. 给……留下深刻印象
impress sb.with sth.＝impress sth.on/upon sb.
给某人留下……的印象；使某人铭记……
be impressed with/by ...
对……印象深刻
(3)impressive adj. 令人钦佩的；给人深刻印象的
(经典佳句) My first impression of him was favourable.
他给我的第一印象不错。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①That was an impressive (impress) performance from such a young tennis player.
②He tried to impress his belief on/upon us.
补全句子
他的演说给听众留下了深刻的印象。
③His speech left/made a deep impression on the audience.
[写美] 一句多译
这个女孩灵巧的双手给我们留下了深刻的印象。
④The girl impressed us deeply with her skillful hands.
⑤The girl's skillful hands left/made a deep impression on us.
⑥We were deeply impressed with/by the girl's skillful hands.
3．eagerness n．热切，渴望
(教材P2) I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my eagerness to get to know my new school.
我一大早就起床冲出了家门，迫不及待地想了解我的新学校。
(1)eager adj. 渴望的；热切的；渴求的
be eager to do ... 渴望做……
be eager for ... 渴望……
(2)eagerly adv. 渴望地；热切地
(经典佳句) His eagerness to finish his work in time was quite obvious.
他想及时完成工作的渴望是很明显的。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①We are eagerly (eager) looking forward to your visit.
②The book describes her eagerness (eager) for new experiences.
③Kate was in a hurry to grow up, eager for knowledge and experience.
[写美] 补全句子
④他渴望找到一份薪水更高的工作。
He is eager to find a job with a better paid salary.
4．breathe v．呼吸
(教材P3 ) With butterflies in my stomach，I breathed deeply.
我心里七上八下、紧张万分，深吸了一口气。
(1)breathe in 吸入(气体)
breathe out 呼出(气体)
(2)breath n. 呼吸
hold one's breath 屏息；屏气
take a deep breath 深吸一口气
out of breath 上气不接下气
(经典佳句) When we breathe, the air goes into our lungs.
当我们呼吸时，空气进入我们的肺里。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①If you run very fast, you may lose your breath (breathe)．
②I opened the window to breathe in some fresh air.
补全句子
③我们从着火的房间跑出来后，深呼吸了一些新鲜的空气。
After we ran out of the burning room, we took a deep breath of some fresh air.
④他冲进房间，红着脸，上气不接下气。
He burst into the room, red faced and out of breath.
[写美] 翻译句子
⑤当埃文斯老师宣读考试结果时，我们屏住了呼吸。
We held our breath while Mr Evans was reading the exam results.
5．panic n．惊恐，惊慌 v．(使)恐慌，(使)惊慌失措
(教材P3)Everyone started laughing.I looked at them in panic.
大家一下子哄笑起来，我惊慌失措地盯着他们。
(1)in panic 惊慌地
get into a panic 陷入恐慌
(2)panic over 因……而惊慌
panic sb.into doing sth. 使某人惊慌地做某事
(经典佳句) There's no point getting into a panic about the exams.
对考试惊慌失措是没有用的。
[练透] 一词多义
①Office workers fled in panic as the fire broke out.n.惊慌，恐慌
②I panicked when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.vi.惊慌
③The gunfire panicked the horses.vt.使惊慌
单句语法填空
④The boss always panics over the budget every month.
⑤The war panicked many people into escaping (escape) from their hometown.
[写美] 补全句子
⑥小男孩惊慌失措地四处张望着。
The little boy looked around in panic.
[名师点津] panic作为动词，其过去式和过去分词分别为panicked, panicked；现在分词为panicking。
6．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的；平静的 vt.& vi.(使) 平静，(使) 镇静
(教材P3) Keep calm and be prepared.
大家要时刻保持冷静，做好准备。
calm down 平静下来；镇静下来
calm sb./sth.down 使某人/物平静/镇静下来
keep calm 保持镇静
(经典佳句) It is important to keep calm in an emergency.
在情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。
[练透] 一词多义
①He tried to calm the frightened children.v.使平静，使镇静
②The police asked the public to remain calm so that no one would be injured.adj.镇静的
③The calm water in the lake was really beautiful.adj.平静的
[写美] 补全句子
④他深深地吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。
He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.
7．confident adj.有信心的，自信的
(教材P4) With the English teacher's support，he thought senior high was easy and felt confident about his future.
在英语老师的支持下，他认为高中生活很轻松并对他的未来很有自信。
(1)be confident that ... 相信……
be confident about/of 相信；对……确信
(2)confidence n. 信任；信心
earn/win/gain one's confidence 取得某人的信任
(3)confidently adv. 自信地
(经典佳句) Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows.
她指着靠近窗户的角落，声音柔和而自信。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①We have full confidence (confident) that we shall succeed.
②The teacher encouraged every student to answer questions confidently (confident) in class.
③I think I am fully confident about/of his success.
[写美] 词汇升级
④I believe that we can restore peace, stability and respect for the rule of law.
→I am confident that we can restore peace, stability and respect for the rule of law.
8．depend on (upon) 视……而定；依靠，取决于；指望
(教材P3) But it all depends on what you do.
但是一切都取决于你们自己的努力。
(1)depend on sb./sth. 依赖某人/某事，相信某人/某事可靠
depend on sb.to do sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事
depend on sb.for sth. 指望/依靠某人得到某物
(2)depend on it that ... 相信……；指望……
That/It (all) depends. 视情况而定。
(经典佳句) It would depend on the circumstances.
这要视情况而定。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Many adults still depend on their children to work (work) the video.
②The peasants depend on a good harvest for their very existence.
③You can depend on it that he will arrive here on time.
[写美] 补全句子
④许多年轻人不想依赖父母。
Many young people don't want to depend on their parents.
[名师点津] depend on后跟从句时常用it 作形式宾语。类似用法还有appreciate, like, hate等。
1．[句型公式] how引导的感叹句
(教材P2) How true these words were!
这些话说得真是太对了！
常见的感叹句式：
(1)How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语) !
How＋形容词/副词(＋主语＋谓语) !
(2)What＋a/an＋(形容词＋) 可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语) !
What＋(形容词＋) 可数名词的复数(＋主语＋谓语) !
What＋(形容词＋) 不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语) !
(经典佳句) How considerate the dentist was!
这位牙医多么体贴啊！
[练透] 单句语法填空
①How hard all these people are working!
②—Can you come to my party on Saturday，Peter
—Oh，what a pity! I'm already going out，I'm afraid.
③What great fun it is to sit down and have a good chat with your close friends!
[写美] 句型转换
This is a really lovely day today.
→④What a lovely day it is today！(用what改写)
→⑤How lovely a day it is today！(用how改写)
[名师点津] 在感叹句中，how修饰形容词、副词，what修饰名词。
2．[句型公式] when连接的并列句
(教材P3) I was organising my words in my head when the girl next to me gave me a nudge.
我正忙着在脑海中组织语言，坐在我旁边的女孩轻轻推了我一下。
be doing ...when ... 正在做……这时……
had just done ...when ... 刚做完……这时……
be about to do ...when ... 正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……这时……
(经典佳句) I was thinking about the matter when I heard my name called.
我正想着这件事，突然听到有人叫我的名字。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①I was on the point of saying (say) something when the phone rang.
②He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano.
一句多译
我们正要出发，这时天下起雨来。
③We were on the point of setting out when it began to rain.
④We were about to set out when it began to rain.
[写美] 补全句子
⑤天亮前我们到达阳朔，当时正下着小雨。
It was raining lightly when we arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn.
[名师点津] be doing ...when ...句型中的进行时通常用过去进行时，且when后面的动词表示非延续性动作。
3．[句型公式] with复合结构
(教材P3) With butterflies in my stomach，I breathed deeply.
我心里七上八下、紧张万分，深吸了一口气。
(1)“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”称为with复合结构，此结构在句中常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，可位于句首或句尾，亦可作后置定语。
(2)常见的with复合结构形式有：
with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语
with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动、进行)
with＋宾语＋done(表示被动、完成)
with＋宾语＋to do(表示未做)
(经典佳句) The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm.
大师腋下夹着尺子走来走去。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①With so much work to do (do), I can't go to see the film with you.
②The room is clean，with a dining table laid (lay) for a meal.
③I think that I'll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching (teach) me.
句型转换
④My mother is ill, so I won't be able to go on holiday.
→With my mother being ill, I won't be able to go on holiday.
[写美] 一句多译
随着时间的流逝，这个女人渐渐忘记了那次事故。
⑤As time went by，the woman gradually forgot that accident.(as)
⑥With time going by，the woman gradually forgot that accident.(with)
维度一 品句填词
1．These days strange things happened frequently in the small village, which caused a panic (恐慌) among the villagers.
2．A car drew up outside and a few moments (时刻) later the doorbell rang.
3．Ants, beetles, butterflies and flies are all insects.
4．He got into the driving seat and started the engine.
5．Juliet is studying in a famous senior (高级的) high school.
6．The government is facing pressure (压力) from environmental activists.
7．Some students live on the University campus (校园)．
8．The hotel has special facilities (设施) for disabled people.
9．The secret to happiness is to keep setting yourself new challenges (挑战)．
10．How could she be so calm (镇静的) in front of so many people
维度二 词形转换
1．He gave a very vivid description (describe) of his visit to Europe.
2．The letter wasn't addressed to me but I opened it out of curiosity (curious)．
3．She has every confidence (confident) in her students' abilities.
4．It is said that the first impression (impress) is very important in our career.
5．I had to stop running to catch my breath (breathe)．
6．The painting comes from his private collection (collect)．
7．The Spring Festival is our country's traditional (tradition) festival.
8．He's the president of a large international organisation (organise)．
9．Children like to search almost everything in great eagerness (eager)．
维度三 固定搭配和句式
1．What you should do is calm them down when they are in panic (惊慌地)．
2．We students should learn to make the most of (充分利用) our potential by wisely managing our time.
3．The speaker explained these questions one by one (依次地)．
4．I was reading the story (正在读故事) about Tu Youyou when (这时) my mother entered.
5．Plants depend on (依赖) the sun for their growth.
PAGE
17(共40张PPT)
A鱼
主语
谓语
表语
句子的基本成分
宾语
宾语补足语
定语
基
状语
合
SV
SVO
SVP
基本句型
SVOO
SVOC
SVA
SOAUsing language
Grammar——基本句型
一、语法图解
二、语法突破
1．句子的基本成分
根据英语词汇在句子中的地位和作用，英语的句子成分可分为主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语、同位语及独立成分等。
(1)主语：表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。
通常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等充当。
The young lady over there is my English teacher.(名词)
那边的那位年轻女士是我的英语老师。
Climbing mountains is really fun.
爬山真是有趣。(动名词)
What caused the accident is not clear.
事故的起因尚不清楚。(从句)
(2)谓语：说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。实义动词可以单独作谓语，连系动词需要和表语一起构成谓语；情态动词和助动词需要和实义动词一起构成谓语。
I made your birthday cake last night.(实义动词)
昨晚我做好了你的生日蛋糕。
Food supplies in the flood stricken area are running out.(动词短语)
洪水灾区的食物供应即将耗尽。
You look the same.(连系动词＋表语)
你们看起来很像。
(3)表语：用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态。一般位于系动词之后，由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句充当。
He became interested in physics.(形容词)
他变得对物理感兴趣。
That remains a puzzle to me.(名词)
这对我还是个难题。
His job is selling computers.(动名词短语)
他的工作是销售电脑。
Our duty is to make our environment better.(动词不定式)
我们的责任是使我们的环境更好。
(4)宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。常由名词、代词、动名词、不定式或相当于名词的词组和句子充当。
①直接宾语表示动作的承受者或结果，通常指物。
②间接宾语表示动作的接受者或指向，它位于直接宾语之前；位于直接宾语之后时，其前面则常加介词to或for。
Many Chinese speak English today.(名词)
现在许多中国人说英语。
Jack is selfish and nobody likes him.(代词)
杰克很自私，没有人喜欢他。
My brother intends to write a new book.(动词不定式)
我哥哥打算写一本新书。
I can't understand what you mean.(从句)
我不明白你的意思。
(5)宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的成分叫作宾语补足语。一般由形容词、名词、副词、不定式、分词和介词短语等充当。
We keep the classroom clean.(形容词)
我们保持教室干净。
We made him our monitor.(名词)
我们选他当班长。
He has the horse running all day.(现在分词)
他让这匹马跑了一整天。
(6)定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等充当。
The two boys are students.(数词)
这两个男孩是学生。
The boy in blue is Tom.(介词短语)
穿蓝色衣服的男孩是汤姆。
The boy writing this letter needs a pen.(现在分词短语)
写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。
(7)状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分叫作状语。一般由副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、独立主格和从句等充当。可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、伴随、条件、程度、让步、频率等。
He speaks English well.(副词)
他英语说得很好。
Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.(过去分词)
从远处看，这座农舍显得空无一人。
She looked at me in surprise.(介词短语)
她吃惊地看着我。
[即时演练1] 判断下列句中加黑部分的句子成分
①The number of private cars will increase.主语
②Don will feed the birds tomorrow.状语
③My little sister always makes me laugh.宾语补足语
④The students didn't understand the teacher's words that day.宾语
⑤Most people leave their homes for work at 7：00 am.谓语
⑥The new building looks most impressive.表语
⑦My grandma usually tells us stories about the past.宾语
⑧I am writing to ask for more information.状语
⑨I'll never forget the day when I worked together with you.定语
⑩He was elected chairman of the company.主语补足语
2．基本句型
按照结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语) 的句子叫作简单句。简单句有7种基本句型：
(1)主谓(SV)
这种句式是英语中最简单的句式，句中的动词大多为不及物动词，其后不能接宾语，但可以用状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子。
The temperature has changed.温度变了。
He cried.他哭了。
(2)主谓宾(SVO)
主谓宾结构的句子中含有有实际意义的谓语动词。这种动词的动作是由主语产生，但不能表达完整的意思，必须有宾语(动作的承受者)才能使意思完整。这类动词叫作及物动词。同时，句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。
He has accepted our invitation.
他已经接受了我们的邀请。
I have borrowed four books from the library.
我从图书馆里借了4本书。
He pretended not to see us.
他假装没有看见我们。
She usually puts off carrying out her promise.
她通常拖延履行她的诺言。
(3)主系表(SVP)
主系表结构的句子中的谓语动词是系动词，它们不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。除了系动词be外，还有一些实义动词也可以用作系动词：
表示感官的动词： feel, smell, taste, sound, look 等。
表示变化的动词：become, get, grow, turn, go, fall, run, come等。
表示延续的动词：remain, keep, stay, stand, continue, lie等。
表示表象的动词：seem, appear, look 等。
表示终止的动词：prove, turn out等。
Man's love of wonder is the seed of our science.
人类对于不可思议之事物的爱好是我们科学的根本。
His voice sounded strange to her.
他的声音在她听来有些奇怪。
He became a teacher of English.
他成了一名英语教师。
We should remain modest at any time.
任何时候我们都应保持谦虚。
[名师点津] 感官动词的系表结构通常是主动表示被动。
(4)主谓宾宾(SVOO)
主谓双宾的句子中谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。其中一个是动词动作的直接承受者，另一个是动词动作的间接承受者。主谓双宾结构中间接宾语常常指“人”，直接宾语常常指“物”。
My sister told me a long story.
我姐姐给我讲了一个很长的故事。
Mother bought me a coat yesterday.
昨天妈妈给我买了一件外套。
[名师点津] (1)下列动词后面接间接宾语时前面需要加to：allow, bring, give, hand, leave, lend, offer, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。
(2)下列动词后面接间接宾语时前面需要加for：buy, choose, get, leave, make, order, paint, save, sing, spare等。
(5)主谓宾补(SVOC)
有些及物动词只带宾语句子意义仍不完整，还需要带一个补足语来进一步说明宾语的情况，从而使句子意思完整明确。宾语和宾语补足语构成复合宾语，逻辑上有主谓关系。
We all call the baby Sara.
我们都叫这个婴儿萨拉。
They made her happy.
他们让她快乐。
Will you ask Mary to help us
你能让玛丽帮我们吗？
I often hear her sing the German song in her lovely voice.
我时常听到她用优美的嗓音唱这首德国歌曲。
She kept us waiting for her answer for over a week.
她让我们等她的答复等了一个多星期。
I will have all my clothes washed this afternoon.
今天下午我将把所有的衣服都洗完。
I noticed the letter in the drawer.
我发现信在抽屉里。
(6)主谓状(SVA)
My parents live in Taibei.我的父母住在台北。
John has gone to buy books.约翰去买书了。
(7)主谓宾状(SVOA)
The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground.
大风把落叶从地面上刮了起来。
They know us very well.他们非常了解我们。
He brought his brother to see me.
他带着他的弟弟来看我。
[即时演练2] 判断下列句子属于哪种句型
①They laughed. 主谓
②The answer broke his heart. 主谓宾
③These machines are still expensive. 主系表
④I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend. 主谓宾
⑤Books of this kind sell well. 主谓状
⑥She sent her mother a nice new car. 主谓宾宾
⑦I want the letter to be ready tomorrow. 主谓宾补
⑧I liked my English teacher very much. 主谓宾状
⑨Everybody types differently. 主谓状
⑩It gives us a great feeling of happiness. 主谓宾宾
1．debate n．&v.讨论，辩论
Peter Bullock was not only an English teacher，but also the man who founded the debate club in our school.
彼得·布洛克不仅是一位英语老师，也是创办我们学校辩论俱乐部的人。
(1)have a debate on/about/over sth.
进行一场关于某事的辩论/讨论
under debate 在辩论/讨论中
beyond debate 无可争论
(2)debate with sb.about/on ... 就……与某人辩论
(经典佳句) After a heated debate, we all agreed on the plan.
经过一场激烈的辩论，我们就这一计划达成一致意见。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He likes to debate issues with his friends.
②Even the genetic make up of the virus is under debate.
③It is a fact beyond debate that the employment pressure of graduates is heavy.
[写美] 补全句子
④一年来，我们就未来的政策进行了多次讨论。
Over the year we have had several debates on/about/over future policy.
2．argue v．争论，争辩
(教材P6) Argue about the week's hottest topics with the school's sharpest minds!
和全校头脑最敏锐的人物辩论每周热点。
(1)argue with sb.about/over sth. 与某人争论某事
argue for ... 为……而争论；为……而辩护
argue against 争辩(反对……)
argue sb.into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做某事/不做某事
(2)argument n. 争论，辩论；论据，论点
(经典佳句) They were arguing about/over which film to see.
他们正在争论看哪部电影。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Many experts argue for the ban of riding motorcycles in the city.
②He argued against smoking because he thought it was harmful to health.
③A decision was finally made after some heated argument (argue)．
[写美] 补全句子
④我终于说服我的好朋友在我居住的城市定居下来。
I finally argued my good friend into settling down in the city where I lived.
[巧学助记] The workers, who argued for their own rights, argued with the boss for a few days, but failed to argue him into giving them a rise in wages because the boss argued against it and insisted that their pay had already been OK.
为自己的权利而辩护的工人们和老板争论了几天了，但还是没能说服老板给他们涨工资，因为老板反对并且坚持认为给工人们的工资已经不错了。
3．sharp adj.敏锐的，聪明的；急转的；急剧的；锋利的；剧烈的；敏捷的；严厉的 adv.……整(表示时间)
(2020·浙江高考改编)Challenging might help your brain stay sharp as you age.
随着年龄的增长，挑战可能会帮助你的大脑保持敏锐。
sharpen v． 使变锋利；使敏锐
sharply adv. 严厉地；突然地；锋利地
sharpened adj. 打磨尖利的；削尖的
(经典佳句) It was very sharp of you to have noticed that.
你注意到了这一点，真够机灵的。
[练透] 一词多义
①Make sure you use a good sharp knife. 锋利的
②There is a sharp drop in the prices. 急剧的
③He was a little sharp with me when I asked him to help. 严厉的
④I felt a sharp pain in my back. 剧烈的
⑤He is very sharp, a quick thinker. 敏锐的
单句语法填空
⑥I need to sharpen (sharp) that knife.
⑦His health improved sharply (sharp) this week.
[写美] 翻译句子
⑧请七点整到这里。
Please be here at seven o'clock sharp.
[名师点津] 有些形容词加后缀 en可变为动词：darken(使)变暗；sharpen使尖锐，加剧；widen加宽；deepen加深；broaden加宽，扩大； straighten弄直，变直；quicken加快； brighten(使)变亮，(使)愉快；shorten缩短； worsen(使)恶化
4．apply v．申请；应用
(教材P7) After school activities also play a part when students apply to college.
学生申请大学时，课外活动也起到了一定的作用。
(1)apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请……
apply oneself to ... 致力于……，专心于……
apply ...to ... 把……应用于……
(2) application n. 应用；用途；申请
have a wide application in ... 在……中得到广泛应用
application form 申请表
(3)applicant n. 申请者
(经典佳句) I've applied for a new job in the local newspaper.
我已经在地方报社申请了一份新工作。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The new technology was applied to farming.
②Next week is the deadline for sending in your application (apply)．
③How many applicants (apply) did you have for the job
[写美] 补全句子
④他已向那家公司申请一份工作。
He has applied to the company for a job.
5．take part (in sth.) 参与某事
(教材P7) In the UK and the US，senior high school students take part in various after school activities，such as club activities and volunteer work.
在英国和美国，高中学生参加各种课外活动，例如俱乐部活动和志愿者工作。
play a part in 在……中起作用
play the part of 扮演……的角色
for the most part 大部分，在很大程度上
(经典佳句) More than fifteen thousand people took part in the memorial service.
有15,000多人参加了悼念仪式。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①My little girl is going to play the part of the princess!
②So，we still do not know where these buried miners are for the most part.
[写美] 补全句子
③教练鼓励的话语在我的成功方面起了很重要的作用。
The coach's encouraging words played an important part in my success.
[辨清] take part in/join/join in/attend
take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用
join ①指加入某个党派、团体、组织等，成为其成员之一。②和某人一起做某事，其结构为join sb.in (doing) sth.，根据上下文in (doing) sth.也可以省去
join in 多指参加小规模的活动，如球赛、游戏等，常用于日常口语中
attend 是正式用语，为及物动词，指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，去上课、上学、听报告等。句子的主语只是去听、去看，自己不一定起积极作用
6.take up 开始从事；占用
(教材P7) However，they can take up a lot of time，so students have to learn to organise their busy schedules.
然而，它们占用了大量的时间，因此学生们不得不学会安排自己繁忙的日程。
take in 欺骗；理解
take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事
take over 掌管，控制
take off 脱下；(飞机)起飞；事业腾飞；取消，请假
(经典佳句) I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to take up too much of your time.
我知道您肯定特别忙，我当然不想占用您太多的时间。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
②Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to take over our lives.
③He is unwilling to take on heavy responsibilities.
[写美] 补全句子
④他决定把摄影当作自己的终生职业。
He decided to take up photography as his lifelong career.
维度一 基础题型练
单句语法填空
1．Running is cheap, easy and it's always energetic (energy)．
2．While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it is (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming.
3．The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve (improve) water quality.
4．When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them (they) alive.
5．Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
6．I still remember visiting (visit) a friend who'd lived here for five years and I was shocked (shock) when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
7．“She thought I had hurt myself ( I ) ，” says Pahlsson.
8．After a heated discussion, we agreed on making a video to record (record) our experiences at school.
9．It was kind of you to help the old lady cross the road.
10．The workers were made to work (work) 12 hours a day.
维度二 语法与写作
补全句子
1．我的朋友打算给我做顿饭。
My friend is going to cook me a meal.
2．天气变得更冷了。
The weather has turned much colder.
3．他们举行了一个晚会来庆祝他们的成功。
They held a party to celebrate their success.
4．我相信只要你努力学习，你就会成功。
I believe that as long as you study hard, you will succeed.
5．大火发生在夜里。
The fire broke out at night.
6．他注意到有个白发苍苍的老人进了这个房间。
He noticed a white haired man enter the room.
维度三 以语段形式练习语法
写出下面短文中画线句子的基本句型形式
How would you like to go to school and travel the world at the same time？For Tim,1.that dream has come true！This term, 2.Tim and his classmates are living on a ship！They take the same subjects as you do, like maths and English.3.They also learn about ships and the sea.4.Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship.Tim loves living on the ship.There's always something exciting to do.And，after a long day of study, 5.he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.6.Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea!
答案：1.主谓 2.主谓状 3.主谓宾 4.主谓宾状 5.主谓宾补 6.主系表
PAGE
11(共56张PPT)
A鱼Developing ideas
High School Hints①
Interviewer：Hello and welcome to School Talk! Today I'm joined by a former student of our school, Lisa Osborne.Lisa graduated② from our school last June and is about to③ go to college in New York.Lisa, thank you for coming to share your suggestions for high school with us.
Lisa：Hi, everybody.I'm very glad to be back.I feel as if high school was only yesterday!
Interviewer：So what helped when you first started high school
Lisa：Orientation Day④ was really helpful.It's a fantastic⑤ opportunity⑥ for new students to get to know the school and the other students.I even made some new friends! Just keep an open mind⑦ and take part in as much as possible.
Interviewer：That's sound advice for sure.But how did you deal with⑧ new challenges, like starting a new course⑨？
Lisa：I had a chemistry test right at the end of the first week.I was frightened⑩ at the sight of the test paper.But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see what happens.If you fail, no problem — next time you can fail better!
Interviewer：So, hold your head up ， then.But life is not always easy.You must had some moments when you were disappointed.If so, how did you deal with them
Lisa：As a member of the school volleyball team, I wasn't selected for the end of year competition .At first I was really sad, but later I realized that I joined the team for the love of the sport.It wasn't just about winning.So I kept working hard to support my teammates during our training.There's always a way to be part of something you love, isn't there
Interviewer：Yes, I totally agree.Is there anything else in particular that like to share with us
Lisa：Looking back on my high school life, the most important advice I'd give is these wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou.She said, “Be a rainbow in somebody else's cloud.”So, give your friends a hand when they need it.And this will make you feel good, too.
Interviewer：Neat！ Well, thanks again for coming to speak to us, Lisa.And good luck with college!
Lisa：Thank you.
①hint n． 有益的建议
②gradate vi. 毕业
graduate from 从……毕业
③be about to do sth. 打算做某事
④Orientation Day 迎新日
⑤fantastic adj. 极好的
⑥opportunity n． 机会
⑦keep an open mind 愿听取(接受、考虑)别人的意见(想法)
⑧deal with 应对，处理
类似的同义词还有：handle, cope with, tackle
⑨course n． 课程
⑩frightened adj. 受惊的，害怕的
sight n． 看到，看见
at the sight of 一看到
figure v． 认为，以为
go all out 全力以赴，竭尽全力
hold your head up 永不气馁
select v． 挑选，选择
competition n． 竞争，比赛
totally adv. 完全地
particular adj. 特定的，特指的
in particular 尤其，特别
particularly adv. 尤其，特别
rainbow n． 彩虹
give sb.a hand 帮某人忙
neat adj. 好的，令人愉快的
[参考译文]
高中生活指南
采访人：大家好，欢迎收看《校园访谈》！本期嘉宾是我校校友莉萨·奥斯本。莉萨今年六月从我校毕业，即将前往纽约上大学。莉萨，感谢你来与我们分享高中生活的一些建议。
莉萨：大家好。非常高兴回到母校。我觉得高中生活就像昨天发生的事一样历历在目！
采访人：那么，刚上高中时，有哪些事对你有所帮助？
莉萨：迎新日真的非常有用。这是新生了解学校和认识同学的绝好机会。我那天还交了一些新朋友呢！只管敞开心扉，尽可能地参与其中。
采访人：那的确是个好建议。不过，你是如何应对全新挑战的呢？比如学习一门新课程？
莉萨：开学第一周才刚结束的时候，我就有一场化学考试。我一看到试卷的时候好害怕。不过接着我就觉得，最好还是全力以赴考考看。这次考不好，没关系的，下次你会做得更好！
采访人：也就是说，诀窍就是永不气馁。可是生活并非总是一帆风顺。你肯定也经历过灰心丧气的时刻。在这种情况下，你是如何应对的呢？
莉萨：我是学校排球队的一员，可年终赛却没有选我参加。开始我非常沮丧，但是后来我意识到，我是因为热爱这项运动才加入球队的，与我 是不是能上场 赢球无关。所以，在后来的训练中我一直努力支持我的队友。对于自己热爱的事情，总是有办法参与其中的，不是吗？
,采访人：没错，我完全赞同。你还有没有其他特别想和大家分享的事情呢？
莉萨：回顾高中生活，我能给大家最重要的建议是作家玛雅·安吉罗的一句精彩名言。她说：“要成为别人云朵中的一道彩虹。”所以，在朋友需要帮助时要施以援手。这也会让你觉得很开心。
采访人：太棒了！好的，再次感谢你今天来和大家分享，莉萨。祝你在大学一切顺利！,
莉萨：谢谢。
Step One：Pre reading
Think about the things you want to achieve at high school and rank them in order of importance.(1＝most important)
□join a school club
□take a trip with your classmates
□get the highest score in a test at least once
□get to know all the schoolmates in your grade
□stand on stage at least once
□win an award
□read as many books as possible
□learn a new skill
(Answers may vary.)
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
What is the passage mainly about
A．Lisa's going to college.
B．The helpful Orientation Day.
C．Lisa's advice about high school.
D．Being a rainbow in someone's cloud.
答案：C
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．What helped Lisa when she first started high school
A．The teachers' advice.
B．Orientation Day.
C．Her parents' support.
D．Her friends' encouragement.
2．How did Lisa deal with new challenges, like starting a new course
A．She cried for a long time.
B．She tried to avoid the test papers.
C．She decided to face failure bravely.
D．She refused to take the exams.
3．How did Lisa deal with her not being selected for the end of year competition
A．She kept being angry.
B．She tried to forget it.
C．She forgot why she joined the team.
D．She kept working hard to support her teammates.
答案：1～3 BCD
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lisa 1.graduated (graduate) from our school last June and is about 2.to go (go) to college in New York.She came to share her suggestions for high school 3.with us.Lisa said Orientation Day was really 4.helpful (help) when she first started high school, and it's a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other 5.students (student)．Though Lisa was a member of the school volleyball team, she 6.wasn't selected (not select) for the end of year competition.At first, she was really sad, 7.but later she realized that she joined the team for the love of the sport.It wasn't just about winning.So she kept 8.working (work) hard to support her teammates during the training.Lisa 9.totally (total) agreed with the wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou — Be a rainbow in somebody else's cloud.So she suggested that we give our friends 10.a hand when they need it.And this would make us feel good, too.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．win the award 获得奖项
2．have an opportunity to comment 有机会发表意见
3．come into view 进入视野
4．restore to its former glory 恢复了昔日的壮观
5．catch sight of a car 看见一辆汽车
6．figure out the math problem 算出这道数学题
7．pay particular attention to this point 特别注意这一点
8．a specific purpose 特定的用途
9．struggle for independence 为独立而奋斗
10．be highly rated for its research 因其研究工作而受到高度评价
11．exchange ideas 交流思想
12．the recent performance of the company 公司的近期业绩
13．At the graduation ceremony, he was awarded the best graduate, which gave him a chance to work in a big company after graduating from college.(graduate)
14．The little girl was frightened at the sight of the frightening snake and shook with fright.(fright)
15．The professor usually refers to the reference book when preparing the lessons.(refer)
16．He has a good memory so he can memorise the articles quickly.(memorise)
17．Although the working condition has been improved greatly, we expect to see further improvement over the coming year.(improve)
18．The final team selection will be made tomorrow, and I hope to be selected for the school team.(select)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
1．particular adj.特定的，特指的＋ ly→particularly adv.尤其，特别
actually adv.事实上 finally adv.最后，终于
previously adv.以前，先前 fortunately adv.幸运地
2．specific adj.具体的，特定的＋ ally→specifically adv.特别地，明确地
magically adv.神奇地 scientifically adv.合乎科学地
historically adv.历史上地 electronically adv.用电子方法
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．We are sure to win the match so long as we go all out (竭尽全力)．
2．Here I would like to focus on one question in particular (尤其)．
3．In his speech, he referred to (提到) a recent trip to Canada.
4．There was a lot of work waiting for him that he was not looking forward to (期待)．
5．It is six years since she graduated from (从……毕业) the university.
6．He was frightened at the sight of (一看到) the dog.
7．There are many difficulties to be dealt with (应对) when starting a new business.
8．We should keep an open mind (保持开放的心态) and not be afraid to try new things.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] I feel as if high school was only yesterday.
[句式分析] as if引导表语从句。
[佳句仿写] 他说起话来好像曾经出过国。
He talks as if he had been abroad.
2．[教材原句] You must have had some moments when you were disappointed.
[句式分析] must have done 表示对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测。
[佳句仿写] 她断定准是把包落在火车上了。
She reasoned that she must have left her bag on the train.
3．[教材原句] If so，how did you deal with them
[句式分析] if 引导的省略句。
[佳句仿写] 必要的话，我在家时你也可以和我联系。
If necessary, you can contact me at home.
1．award n．奖，奖赏 vt.给予，授予
(教材P8) win an award 赢得奖项
(1)win/receive/get an award for ...
因……而获奖
(2)award sb.sth.for ... 因……授予某人某物
＝award sth.to sb.for ... 因……把某物授予某人
(3)sb.be awarded sth. 某人被授予某物
＝sth.be awarded to sb. 某物被授予某人
(经典佳句) It is the highest award a producer can receive.
这是一个制作人所能获得的最高奖项。
[练透] 一词多义
①The child smiled at his teacher as he received the award.奖
②Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.授予
补全句子
③政府因为他的善行奖给他一大笔钱。
The government awarded a large sum of money to him for his good deeds.
[写美] 句型转换
④The youngest competitor was awarded the first prize.
→The first prize was awarded to the youngest competitor.
2．view n．(一次)观看，浏览； 景色； (个人的)看法；视野 vt.把……视为； 看； 观看
(1)in view of 鉴于； 考虑到
in one's view 在某人看来
come into view 看得见
have a good view of 清楚地看到； 饱览
take/hold the view that ... 持……的观点
(2)view ...as ... 把……看作……
(经典佳句) (2020·江苏高考)In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.
在寻找发现的故事中，我发现了这些人的故事以及他们的生活如何改变了我们对世界的看法。
[练透] 一词多义
①In this lecture, I can only give you a purely personal view of how we can live life to the full.观点；见解
②There were magnificent views of the surrounding
countryside.风景
③The sun disappeared from view.视野
④I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.观看
单句语法填空
⑤As the car approached the town center, several tall buildings came into view.
⑥In view of the present situation, we'll have to change our original plan.
⑦Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable.
[写美] 补全句子
⑧在城市工作的一年拓宽了他的视野。
Spending a year working in the city helped to broaden his view.
3．frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的
(教材P9) I was frightened at the sight of the test paper.
我一看到试卷的时候好害怕。
(1)be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事
be frightened to do sth. 不敢去做某事
be frightened to death 吓得要死
be frightened that ... 害怕……
(2)frighten vt. 使害怕，使惊吓
frighten sb./sth.away 把某人/物吓跑
frighten sb.into/out of doing sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事
(3)frightening adj. 令人惊恐的，骇人的
(4)fright n. 惊吓，恐怖
(经典佳句) Were you frightened at the sight of your mother's frightened look
你看到你母亲惊恐的表情时害怕吗？
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Don't frighten me into doing something I don't want to do.
②Mary was too frightened to tell her family the frightening scene because it frightened her to death.(frighten)
③I was frightened that he might hurt himself.
[写美] 补全句子
④如果服务不好的话，要敢于投诉。
Don't be frightened to complain if the service is bad.
4．figure v．认为，以为；估计；计算 n．数字；人物；身材，体形；图形
(教材P9) But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see what happens.
不过接着我就觉得，最好还是全力以赴考考看。
figure out 算出；想出；理解，弄明白；断定；解决
keep one's figure 保持体形
(经典佳句) We figured that you'd want to rest after your trip.
我们认为旅行之后你一定想休息一下。
[练透] 一词多义
①We're told the figure can reach 100,000 next year.数字
②He was a prominent figure in modern times of Chinese history.人物
③Most young women want a slim figure these days.身材
④The wall was covered with figures of birds and flowers.图形
⑤We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait.认为
[写美] 补全句子
⑥很难理解她为什么那么做。
It's difficult to figure out why she did it.
5．particular adj.特定的，特指的；讲究的，挑剔的
(教材P9)Is there anything else in particular that you'd like to share with us
你还有没有其他特别想和大家分享的事情呢？
(1)in particular 尤其，特别
be particular over/about 对……讲究/挑剔
(2)particularly adv. 特别地
(经典佳句) Is there a particular type of book he enjoys
他有特别喜爱的一类书籍吗？
[练透] 单句语法填空
①There are so many books here.Why do you like that one in particular
②Ted was very particular over/about the colors he used.
[写美] 一句多译
四个季节我都喜欢，尤其喜欢春季。
③I like all the four seasons, particularly spring.
④I like all the four seasons, spring in particular.
6．struggle v．奋斗，拼搏 n．斗争
(教材P11)The teacher found that I was struggling with note taking and told me to stop and just listen.
老师发现我记笔记很吃力，让我停下来专心听讲。
struggle for 为……而斗争
struggle against/with 与……作斗争
struggle to do 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
(经典佳句) I've been struggling to understand this article all afternoon.
整整一下午，我一直在努力弄懂这篇文章的意思。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Fish struggle for survival when the water level drops in the lake.
②He struggled against/with the enemies and eventually drove them off.
[写美] 补全句子
③他努力解释自己脑海里听到的事情。
He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.
[巧学助记] What's the meaning of life Some people struggle to earn much money; some people struggle for their own career in a specific area.But for me, I'll struggle with my husband to bring up and cultivate our daughter, which is the most meaningful life to us.
生活的意义是什么？有些人努力挣钱，有些人在特定的领域里为自己的事业而奋斗。但对我来说，我会和丈夫一起努力抚养和培养我们的女儿，这对我们来说是最有意义的生活。
7．exchange v．意见、信息等交流；兑换 n．兑换，交换，汇兑
(教材P12)exchange ideas 交流想法
(1)exchange ...for ... 以……交换/兑换……
exchange sth.with sb. 与某人交换某物
(2)in exchange for 作为对……的交换
exchange student 交换生
(经典佳句) Every month the group meets so its members can exchange their views.
小组每个月都开一次会，这样成员之间就可以互相交流看法。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①I'd like to exchange this dress for one in a smaller size.
②We students should often exchange ideas with our parents, who are rich in experience.
[写美] 补全句子
③我教你汉语作为你教我英语的交换。
I'll teach you Chinese in exchange for your teaching me English.
8．refer to 提到，谈到；指的是；参考，查阅
(教材P10) Refer to the interview for ideas.
参考这个访谈来汲取灵感。
(1)refer v． 提到，谈到
refer to ...as ... 把……称作……
refer to a dictionary＝look up sth.in a dictionary
查字典
(2)reference n. 参考；参考书；推荐人
(经典佳句) If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.
如果你不知道这个词的确切意思，你可以查字典。
[练透] 一词多义
①What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to？指的是
②Don't refer to your notes when taking a test.参考，查阅
③In his speech, he didn't refer to the problem at all.提到，谈到
[写美] 词汇升级
④The scientist considered the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.
→The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.
[名师点津] (1)refer的过去式、过去分词分别为referred, referred；现在分词为referring。
(2)refer to表示“参考，查阅”时，其宾语多为book, dictionary等；而look up意为“查找”时，其宾语应为查找的具体内容。
1．[句型公式] as if引导的从句
(教材P9) I feel as if high school was only yesterday!
我觉得高中生活就像昨天发生的事一样历历在目！
如果as if所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，句子要用陈述语气；,当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。
(1)与现在事实相反，从句谓语用一般过去时(be动词用were)；
(2)与过去事实相反，从句谓语用过去完成时(had done)；
(3)与将来事实相反，从句谓语的形式为“would/could/might＋do”。
(经典佳句)He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if it is (be) missing something.
②He treats me as if I were (be) his own daughter.
[写美] 补全句子
③他吓得浑身发抖，好像看见鬼似的。
He was shaking with fright as if he had seen a ghost.
2．[句型公式] must have done “过去一定做过”，表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测
(教材P9) You must have had some moments when you were disappointed.
你肯定也经历过灰心丧气的时刻。
其他“情态动词＋have done”的用法：
(1)should/ought to have done两者均含委婉的批评、责备之意。肯定式表示过去应该做某事而未做，意为“本应该做……”；否定式表示做了不该做的事情，意为“本不应该做……”。
(2)can/could have done用于疑问句或否定句中，表示对行为可能性的推测。could have done用于肯定的陈述句中，表示与过去事实相反的假设，表示“本能够去做却没有做……”。
(3)may/might have done表示对过去情况不肯定的推测，意为“也许做过……”，常用于肯定句，不用于疑问句；另外might have done还可表示委婉的责备，意为“其实(本来)可以……”。
(4)needn't have done表示一种不必要的过去行为，意为“本来不必做却做了……”，一般用于否定句或疑问句。
(经典佳句) The road is wet.It must have rained last night.
路面是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。
[练透] 用适当的情态动词填空
①I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I should have written it out for her.
②She said that he might have missed the plane.
补全句子
③昨晚他不可能在办公室工作，因为(昨天)晚上6点他得参加一个聚会。
He couldn't have worked in the office last night, for he had to go to a party at 6：00 pm.
[写美] 翻译句子
④时间很充足；她本不必着急的。
There was plenty of time; she needn't have hurried.
维度一 品句填词
1．Two actresses competed for the Best Actress Award.
2．There are far more opportunities (机会) for young people than there used to be.
3．It is going to be a long, hard struggle (奋斗)．
4．We exchanged (意见、信息等交流) ideas before the meeting.
5．I figured (认为) if I took the night train, I could be in Scotland by morning.
6．After ten days at sea, we had our first sight of land.
7．We are also advised to view (观看) the short film once again.
8．She is rated (对……作评估，评价) very highly by the people she works for.
9．The virus attacks specific (具体的) cells in the brain.
10．The sun came out and we saw a rainbow (彩虹)．
维度二 词形转换
1．After the accident he suffered from loss of memory (memorise)．
2．He was an experienced player who was always seeking to improve his performance (perform)．
3．Eating fish can provide health benefits, particularly (particular) to the heart.
4．They asked what his plans were after graduation (graduate)．
5．She was so frightened (frighten) that she could not fix her thoughts on anything.
6．Most schools would have a good selection (select) of these books in their libraries.
7．She made no reference (refer) to her illness but only to her future plans.
8．There is still room for improvement (improve) in your work.
维度三 固定搭配和句式
1．They went all out (竭尽全力) to afford the higher education for him.
2．We're trying to raise awareness about the environment in general and air pollution in particular (尤其)．
3．In her autobiography she occasionally refers to (提到) her unhappy schooldays.
4．I am looking forward to (期待) a long and successful partnership with him.
5．From what you said, she must have told (一定告诉) you all about it.
6．The little girl let out a cry at the sight of (一看到) the snake.
PAGE
14(共10张PPT)
A鱼Writing a journal entry
[学范文·背佳句]——它山之石，可以攻玉
范文诠释 [教材原文] [名师论道]
Friday 8 SeptemberFinally, it's Friday! I can't believe the first week is coming to an end.Things are going well, but there is always something new just around the corner.At junior high, I took lots of notes during class.So in physics class on Monday, I did the same, but the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn't take everything down.The teacher found I was struggling with note taking and told me to stop and just listen.“Thinking is a more important ability than note taking and memorising，” he said.After class on Wednesday, I hurried to the school skateboarding club.I was running out of the classroom when I bumped into a girl literally.I said sorry to her and she smiled at me.At the club, I had my first try at skateboarding and fell off the board a lot.Suddenly, a girl bumped into me — the same girl from the corridor! This time, both of us laughed.Her name is Sarah.We started to practise together and soon became friends.I'm going to watch a film with Sarah tomorrow evening.I'm looking forward to it！ [学语言]本篇日记主要记录了作者开学第一周在学校学习、交友的经历。时态上，作者首先采用现在时，然后运用过去时，采用倒叙的方式以及使用词语can't believe表达了作者感叹时间的流逝。用词上，作者使用struggle，hurry，bump等词，表达更加准确、形象。衔接方面，作者恰当使用but，so等连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡。表达上，作者使用了较多高级表达方式，如：So in physics class on Monday, I did the same, but the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn't take everything down.以及I was running out of the classroom when I bumped into a girl literally.等显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色 添彩。[学结构] 结构上，全文采用总—分—总结构；以时间(Friday→Monday→Wednesday→tomorrow evening)为线索，使全文结构更加清晰、明确。第一段中，作者使用but将本段一分为二，前半部分感叹时间之快，后半部分使用around the corner表达对未来的期待，恰好与最后一段的look forward to形成呼应。
佳句背诵 1.The first days of school are meant to orient the freshmen to campus life.开学头几天用来让新生熟悉校园生活。2.When the bell rang, we were in our eagerness to gather on the playground.上课铃响了，我们急切地去操场集合。3.The teacher introduced campus life to the freshmen.老师向新生介绍校园生活。4.With butterflies in my stomach, I failed for the first time, yet I didn't lose heart.第一次失败了，我心里七上八下，但我没有灰心。5.From this lesson I came to see that one will become successful if he has persistence.从这件事中，我明白了一个道理：一个人如果有毅力，他就会成功。6.Studying is not something you do just because your parents ask you to do it.学习不仅仅是因为你父母要求你去做就去做的事情。
[仿佳作·找差距]——巧借外力，事半功倍
[题目要求]
2021年9月12日，星期天上午，你们班同学骑车到学校附近的公园组织了一次环保活动。请根据下表内容用英语写一篇日记并发表你对此次活动的看法。
活动内容一 扫除：清理废纸、烟蒂、塑料袋等废弃物
活动内容二 宣传：树立标牌，告诉游客要爱护花木
活动内容三 演讲：向游客宣传“白色污染”的害处以及保护环境的重要性
你的看法 ……
[仿写步骤]
Step 1 一仿结构布局合理
第一段：简要介绍事件。
第二段：详细介绍活动内容。
第三段：简要总结，表达期待。
Step 2 二仿语言规范美观
①今天上午，我们班在附近的公园组织了一次环保活动。
This morning, our class organized an environmental protection activity in the nearby park.
②一到那，我们把这次活动分为三个部分。
As soon as we arrived there, we divided this activity into three parts.
③我们收集垃圾，如废纸、烟头、塑料袋等。
We collected the rubbish, such as waste paper, cigarette ends, plastic bags and so on.
④我们搭了几块牌子以提醒游客照看好花草树木。
We set up several boards to remind the visitors to take care of the flowers and trees.
⑤我们给参观者做了一个关于“白色污染”的危害和保护环境的重要性的演讲。
We gave a speech to the visitors on the danger of “white pollution” and the importance of protecting the environment.
⑥我认为，保护环境对我们来说是非常重要的。
As far as I'm concerned, it is very important for us to protect the environment.
⑦为了人们的健康和幸福，应该采取措施控制和预防污染。
For the sake of people's health and happiness, measures should be taken to control and prevent pollution.
⑧每个人都应该为此做出贡献。
Everyone should make a contribution to it.
⑨我永远不会忘记这难忘的一天！
I'll never forget the memorable day!
Step 3 三仿句间过渡自然
⑩用on doing ...改写句②。
On arriving there, we divided this activity into three parts.
把句④改为被动句。
Several boards were set up to remind the visitors to take care of the flowers and trees.
用定语从句合并句⑦和句⑧。
For the sake of people's health and happiness, measures should be taken to control and prevent pollution, which everyone should make a contribution to.
Step 4 誊写
Sunday 12 September
This morning, our class organized an environmental protection activity in the nearby park.
On arriving there, we divided this activity into three parts.First, we collected the rubbish, such as waste paper, cigarette ends, plastic bags and so on.Then several boards were set up to remind the visitors to take care of the flowers and trees.After that, we gave a speech to the visitors on the danger of “white pollution” and the importance of protecting the environment.
As far as I'm concerned, it is very important for us to protect the environment.For the sake of people's health and happiness, measures should be taken to control and prevent pollution, which everyone should make a contribution to.I'll never forget the memorable day!
PAGE
3(共28张PPT)
单元自
与提升
