Unit10 SectionA
知识讲解
1. custom n. 风俗；习俗
custom意为＂风俗；习俗＂。用作可数名词，表示某种习俗时可加不定冠词，指各种风俗习惯时也可用复数。
2. be expected to do... 应该做……
be expected to do sth. 意为＂（某人）被期望做某事；应该做某事＂，此处相当于be supposed to do sth.。
expect后接动词时要用其不定式形式。
expect sb. to do sth.表示＂期望某人做某事＂。
3. greet v. 和……打招呼；迎接
greet及物动词，意为＂问候；和……打招呼；迎接＂，相当于say hello to，后接名词或代词作宾语。
as soon as 一……就……
as soon as引导时间状语从句时，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，即＂主将从现＂。
5. to one’s surprise 让某人吃惊的是
（1）in surprise惊奇地
（2）be surprised at 对……感到吃惊。
（3）be surprised to do sth. 做某事令人感到惊讶。
专题练习
一、单项选择
1．Look! There are many people on the beach. They are ________ and happy.
A．relaxing B．relaxed C．relax D．relaxes
2．Helen looks like her mother.
A．takes up B．takes off C．takes after D．takes care of
3．Jenny never goes out for fun at weekdays because reading ________ her free time.
A．takes off B．takes away C．takes down D．takes up
4．The weather in Shenyang is getting warmer. You had better ________ your heavy coat.
A．put on B．put up C．take down D．take off
5．I’ve got the ________ of the exam. I have passed it.
A．result B．custom C．decision D．choice
二、完型填空
There was a painter. He always wanted to be successful. 6 he was very poor, he never gave up painting and always stuck to his dream. He didn’t do anything except painting. However, no one came to buy his paintings.
He couldn’t earn any money 7 for his meals. Luckily, the boss of the restaurant in the street was kind and let him have 8 meals on credit（赊账）.
One day, while the painter 9 lunch in the restaurant, suddenly a great idea came to him. He immediately unfolded the white napkin（餐巾纸）on the table, took out his pain brush and began to paint 10 the dish left on the table. The boss 11 stop him, so he stood behind to watch him painting carefully. After a while 12 painting was finished. Looking at his work, he thought it was 13 he had ever painted.
The boss asked 14 the painter could give him the painting. Then he didn’t have to pay all his debts(债务). The painter was surprised. “You can also see this painting value a lot, right Then I’m really not far away from being successful,” he said 15 . The boss replied: “Not really, please don’t misunderstand（误解）me. I mean, I have a son who always dreams of becoming a successful painter like you. That’s why I want to have it and warn my son not to end up like you.”
6．A．When B．If C．Although D．Because
7．A．pay B．to pay C．paying D．paid
8．A．he B．him C．his D．himself
9．A．had B．has had C．is having D．was having
10．A．on B．with C．for D．at
11．A．mustn’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
12．A．/ B．the C．an D．a
13．A．good B．well C．better D．the best
14．A．that B．how C．whether D．why
15．A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．happier
三、阅读单选
Different countries have different customs in giving presents. In China you must never give a clock to a Chinese person, because the pronunciation of the word for “clock” in Chinese is similar to the pronunciation of “death”．Also, don’t wrap (用……包裹) a present in white, black, or blue paper, because they are the colours for funerals (葬礼)．Don’t give a knife, because something sharp can cut a friendship.
In Russia if you give flowers as presents, you have to give an odd number of them (One, Three, five, etc.) because even numbers of flowers are for funerals.
In Germany if you are invited to dinner, flowers are good presents to take to your dinner hostess (女主人), but don’t take her red roses because it means you are in love with her. Don’t take thirteen of anything because it’s an unlucky number. Don’t take an even number of anything, either. Don’t wrap your presents in white, brown, or black paper.
16．According to the passage, ________ must never be given to Chinese people as presents.
A．flowers B．clothes C．food D．clocks
17．People don’t wrap presents in black or white paper in________.
A．Germany B．China C．both China and Germany D．both China and Russia
18．What does the underlined word “even” mean in Chinese in the passage
A．奇数的 B．偶数的 C．甚至 D．平坦的
19．What presents can you take to your dinner hostess in Germany
A．Thirteen of something.
B．Flowers except red roses.
C．An even number of something.
D．Something wrapped in brown paper.
20．Which is the best title of the passage
A．Foreigners’ Presents
B．Giving Flowers as Presents
C．Different Customs in Giving Presents
D．Don’t Give Thirteen of Anything as Presents
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
21．You shouldn't keep me __________(wait) for so long time at the gate.
22．He can sit all day long without __________(say) a word.
23．It's necessary for you to make plans to _____(see) your friends in Switzerland.
24．It's too difficult for me to ________(finish) the task in such a short time.
25．I felt __________(relax) lying in the sun. What a good time!
五、完成句子
根据句意及所给汉语提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。
26．They often _________ _________(顺便拜访) their friends' homes.
27．Alfred is getting hot, so he is going to _________ _________(脱下) his coat.
28．Although Emily did something wrong, _________ _________ _________ _________ _________(这没什么大不了的).
29．Students should _________ _________ _________ _________(把粉笔从……上擦掉) the blackboard after class.
30．Mr. Griffin _________ _________(大动肝火) because his daughter told a lie yesterday.
31．Brian has lots of work to finish before Friday, so he doesn't even have a rest _________ _________(在中午).Unit10 SectionA
知识讲解
1. custom n. 风俗；习俗
custom意为＂风俗；习俗＂。用作可数名词，表示某种习俗时可加不定冠词，指各种风俗习惯时也可用复数。
2. be expected to do... 应该做……
be expected to do sth. 意为＂（某人）被期望做某事；应该做某事＂，此处相当于be supposed to do sth.。
expect后接动词时要用其不定式形式。
expect sb. to do sth.表示＂期望某人做某事＂。
3. greet v. 和……打招呼；迎接
greet及物动词，意为＂问候；和……打招呼；迎接＂，相当于say hello to，后接名词或代词作宾语。
as soon as 一……就……
as soon as引导时间状语从句时，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，即＂主将从现＂。
5. to one’s surprise 让某人吃惊的是
（1）in surprise惊奇地
（2）be surprised at 对……感到吃惊。
（3）be surprised to do sth. 做某事令人感到惊讶。
专题练习
一、单项选择
1．Look! There are many people on the beach. They are ________ and happy.
A．relaxing B．relaxed C．relax D．relaxes
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：看！沙滩上有很多人。他们很放松和开心。
考查形容词。relaxing令人放松的，形容词；relaxed放松的，形容词；relax放松，动词；relaxes动词的第三人称单数。and前后的词性保持一致，be动词后加形容词作表语，排除C和D；主语是they，修饰人用relaxed。故选B。
2．Helen looks like her mother.
A．takes up B．takes off C．takes after D．takes care of
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：Helen长得像她的妈妈。
考查动词短语辨析。takes up占据；takes off脱下；takes after与……相像；takes care of照顾。句中“look like”表示“长得像”，与“take after”同义，故选C。
3．Jenny never goes out for fun at weekdays because reading ________ her free time.
A．takes off B．takes away C．takes down D．takes up
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：Jenny工作日从不出去玩，因为读书占用了她的空闲时间。
考查动词短语辨析。takes off脱下、起飞；takes away带走；takes down拆掉、取下；takes up占用。根据前句“Jenny never goes out for fun at weekdays”可推知，应是因为读书占用了她的空闲时间。故选D。
4．The weather in Shenyang is getting warmer. You had better ________ your heavy coat.
A．put on B．put up C．take down D．take off
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：沈阳的天气越来越暖和了。你最好脱下你的厚外套。
考查动词短语辨析。put on穿上；put up举起，张贴；take down记下；take off脱下。结合“The weather in Shenyang is getting warmer.”可知天气暖和，可以脱掉厚外套，所以这里用短语take off。故选D。
5．I’ve got the ________ of the exam. I have passed it.
A．result B．custom C．decision D．choice
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：我已经知道考试的结果了。我已经通过了。
考查名词辨析。result结果；custom习俗；decision决定；choice选择。根据“I have passed it.”可知知道考试结果了。故选A。
二、完型填空
There was a painter. He always wanted to be successful. 6 he was very poor, he never gave up painting and always stuck to his dream. He didn’t do anything except painting. However, no one came to buy his paintings.
He couldn’t earn any money 7 for his meals. Luckily, the boss of the restaurant in the street was kind and let him have 8 meals on credit（赊账）.
One day, while the painter 9 lunch in the restaurant, suddenly a great idea came to him. He immediately unfolded the white napkin（餐巾纸）on the table, took out his pain brush and began to paint 10 the dish left on the table. The boss 11 stop him, so he stood behind to watch him painting carefully. After a while 12 painting was finished. Looking at his work, he thought it was 13 he had ever painted.
The boss asked 14 the painter could give him the painting. Then he didn’t have to pay all his debts(债务). The painter was surprised. “You can also see this painting value a lot, right Then I’m really not far away from being successful,” he said 15 . The boss replied: “Not really, please don’t misunderstand（误解）me. I mean, I have a son who always dreams of becoming a successful painter like you. That’s why I want to have it and warn my son not to end up like you.”
6．A．When B．If C．Although D．Because
7．A．pay B．to pay C．paying D．paid
8．A．he B．him C．his D．himself
9．A．had B．has had C．is having D．was having
10．A．on B．with C．for D．at
11．A．mustn’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
12．A．/ B．the C．an D．a
13．A．good B．well C．better D．the best
14．A．that B．how C．whether D．why
15．A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．happier
【答案】
6．C
7．B
8．C
9．D
10．B
11．B
12．B
13．D
14．C
15．B
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个画家，虽然很穷，但是没有放弃画画坚持他的梦想。餐馆的老板很善良，同意他可以赊账吃饭。有一天，画家有了灵感，在吃饭的时候作了一幅画，他觉得是他画过的最好的一幅画，但是餐馆的老板却不这么认为。
6．
句意：虽然他很穷，总是坚持他的梦想。
When当……时候；If如果；Although虽然；Because因为。根据“he was very poor,和“he never gave up painting and always stuck to his dream.”可知，前后两句是转折关系，因此Although符合句意。故选C。
7．
句意：他挣不到钱来付饭钱。
pay付钱；to pay付钱，不定式；paying付钱，现在分词；paid付钱，过去分词。根据“He couldn’t earn any money”可知，挣不到钱来付饭钱，因此用不定式作目的状语，因此to pay符合句意。故选B。
8．
句意：幸运的是，街上餐馆的老板很好，让他赊账吃饭。
he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“meal”和结合选项可知，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，因此his符合句意。故选C。
9．
句意：一天，画家在餐馆吃午饭时，突然想到了一个好主意。
had吃，一般过去时；has had已经吃了，现在完成时；is having正在吃，现在进行时；was having正在吃，过去进行时。根据“while”可知，此句用进行时态；再者根据全文时态可知，是一般过去时，所以此句用过去进行时，因此was having符合句意。故选D。
10．
句意：他立刻打开桌上的白餐巾，拿出他的画笔，将盘子放在一边，开始画画。
on在……上面；with用，表示伴随；for为了；at在……。根据“He immediately unfolded the white napkin（餐巾纸）on the table, took out his pain brush and began to paint ”可知，是把盘子放在一边，因此用with表示伴随状态。故选B。
11．
句意：老板阻止不了他，所以他站在后面仔细地看他画画。
mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不可以；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不需要。根据“so he stood behind to watch him painting carefully.”可知，老板阻止不了他，因此couldn’t符合句意。故选B。
12．
句意：过了一会儿，画完成了。
/零冠词；the定冠词；an不定冠词，以元音音素开头；a不定冠词，以辅音音素开头。根据上文可知，已经提到了这幅画，因此再次提到时用定冠词the。故选B。
13．
句意：看着自己的作品，他觉得这是他所画过的最好的一幅。
good好，形容词；well好，副词；better更好；the best最好的。根据“he had ever painted.”可知，是他曾经画过的最好的一副，因此the best符合句意。故选D。
14．
句意：老板问画家能否把画给他。
that在宾语从句中起连接作用；how如何；whether是否；why为什么。根据“The boss asked”可知，此句是宾语从句；再者根据“the painter could give him the painting”可知，老板问画家能否把画给他，因此whether符合句意。故选C。
15．
句意：他高兴地说:“那我真的离成功不远了。”
happy开心的，形容词；happily开心地，副词；happiness幸福，名词；happier更开心的，形容词比较级。根据“he said”可知，此空需要一个副词修饰动词，结合选项，happily符合句意。故选B。
三、阅读单选
Different countries have different customs in giving presents. In China you must never give a clock to a Chinese person, because the pronunciation of the word for “clock” in Chinese is similar to the pronunciation of “death”．Also, don’t wrap (用……包裹) a present in white, black, or blue paper, because they are the colours for funerals (葬礼)．Don’t give a knife, because something sharp can cut a friendship.
In Russia if you give flowers as presents, you have to give an odd number of them (One, Three, five, etc.) because even numbers of flowers are for funerals.
In Germany if you are invited to dinner, flowers are good presents to take to your dinner hostess (女主人), but don’t take her red roses because it means you are in love with her. Don’t take thirteen of anything because it’s an unlucky number. Don’t take an even number of anything, either. Don’t wrap your presents in white, brown, or black paper.
16．According to the passage, ________ must never be given to Chinese people as presents.
A．flowers B．clothes C．food D．clocks
17．People don’t wrap presents in black or white paper in________.
A．Germany B．China C．both China and Germany D．both China and Russia
18．What does the underlined word “even” mean in Chinese in the passage
A．奇数的 B．偶数的 C．甚至 D．平坦的
19．What presents can you take to your dinner hostess in Germany
A．Thirteen of something.
B．Flowers except red roses.
C．An even number of something.
D．Something wrapped in brown paper.
20．Which is the best title of the passage
A．Foreigners’ Presents
B．Giving Flowers as Presents
C．Different Customs in Giving Presents
D．Don’t Give Thirteen of Anything as Presents
【答案】
16．D
17．C
18．B
19．B
20．C
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述不同的国家在送礼物时有不同的风俗。
16．细节理解题。根据In China you must never give a clock to a Chinese person, because the pronunciation of the word for “clock” in Chinese is similar to the pronunciation of “death”可知，不能给中国人送“钟表”作为礼物，故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据Also, don’t wrap (用……包裹) a present in white, black, or blue paper, because they are the colours for funerals (葬礼)以及Don’t wrap your presents in white, brown, or black paper可知，在中国和德国都不能用黑色和白色的纸包礼物，故选C。
18．词义猜测题。根据In Russia if you give flowers as presents, you have to give an odd number of them (One, Three, five, etc.) because even numbers of flowers are for funerals可知，even和odd为相反词，odd后列出数字1,3,5……，为基数，所以even是偶数，故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据but don’t take her red roses because it means you are in love with her.Don’t take thirteen of anything because it’s an unlucky number.Don’t take an even number of anything, either.Don’t wrap your presents in white, brown, or black paper可知，不能拿红玫瑰、不能拿带13的事物、不能拿偶数的东西，不能拿白色、棕色和黑纸包礼物。故选B。
20．主旨大意题。主要讲述不同的国家在送礼物时有不同的风俗故选C。
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
21．You shouldn't keep me __________(wait) for so long time at the gate.
22．He can sit all day long without __________(say) a word.
23．It's necessary for you to make plans to _____(see) your friends in Switzerland.
24．It's too difficult for me to ________(finish) the task in such a short time.
25．I felt __________(relax) lying in the sun. What a good time!
【答案】
21．waiting
22．saying
23．see
24．finish
25．relaxed
【分析】
21．句意：你不应该让我在门口等这么长时间。keep (on) doing sth继续，重复（做某事），固定结构；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填waiting。
22．句意：他可以整天坐着，一句话也不说。without没有，介词，后接动名词；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填saying。
23．句意：你有必要制定去瑞士看朋友的计划。本句需用不定式做plans的后置定语；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填see。
24．句意：在这么短的时间内完成这项任务对我来说太难了。本句是固定句型“It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……”，it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式是真正主语；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填finish。
25．句意：躺在阳光下我感到很放松。多么美好的时光!feel感觉，表感觉系动词后接形容词；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填relaxed。
五、完成句子
根据句意及所给汉语提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。
26．They often _________ _________(顺便拜访) their friends' homes.
27．Alfred is getting hot, so he is going to _________ _________(脱下) his coat.
28．Although Emily did something wrong, _________ _________ _________ _________ _________(这没什么大不了的).
29．Students should _________ _________ _________ _________(把粉笔从……上擦掉) the blackboard after class.
30．Mr. Griffin _________ _________(大动肝火) because his daughter told a lie yesterday.
31．Brian has lots of work to finish before Friday, so he doesn't even have a rest _________ _________(在中午).
【答案】
26． drop by
27． take off
28． it was no big deal
29． clean the chalk off
30． got mad
31． at noon
【解析】
26．句意：他们经常顺便拜访朋友们的家。drop by顺便拜访，是一个固定短语。根据句意和句中的often可知，这句话应用一般现在时态，主语为复数，故这里填动词原形。
27．句意：Alfred很热，所以他打算脱下他的大衣。take off脱掉，是一个固定短语。句中使用了be going to 结构，后面跟动词原形。
28．句意：虽然Emily做了一些错事，但这没什么大不了的。it is no big deal是一个固定短语，没什么大不了的，这句话与前面句子的时态应一致，故用一般过去时，is变为过去式was。
29．句意：下课后学生们应该把粉笔从黑板上擦掉。clean…off擦掉，是一个固定短语；chalk粉笔，前面用冠词the修饰，表示特指。空前有should，是情态动词，故动词用原形。
30．句意：昨天Griffin先生大动肝火，因为他的女儿撒谎了。get mad大动肝火，是一个固定短语。根据句中的时间状语yesterday可知，这里说的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时态，故动词get变为过去式got。
31．句意：Brian在周五之前有很多工作要完成，所以他甚至中午都没有休息。at noon在中午，是一个固定短语，在句中作时间状语。Unit10 SectionB
知识讲解
1. at the table 在餐桌旁
常见的加the和不加the的短语的区别：
go to school上学（学生） go to the school 到学校去（不一定是学生）
by sea乘船 by the sea在海边
in class 在上课 in the class 在班级里
on earth 究竟，在世界上 on the earth在地球上
2. make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
make表示＂使处于某种状态，使成为＂，后接名词、形容词、不定式（不带to）、过去分词、介词短语等作宾语补足语。
make sth. for sb. = make sb. sth. 意为＂为某人制作某物＂。
3. although conj. 虽然
although相当于though，引导让步状语从句。在英语中，although/though和but不能用在同一个句子中，即二者只能取其一。
4. empty/’empti/ adj.空的
empty为形容词时，意思为＂空的＂，反义词为full，可作表语、定语等成分。
empty为动词时，意为＂倒空，排空＂，反义词为fill。
5. It’s impolite to... ……是不礼貌的。
impolite是形容词，意为＂不礼貌的＂，其副词为impolitely，其反义词为polite。
It is＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth.意为＂做某事对某人来说……＂。
专题练习
一、单项选择
1．Bert was always late and made his coach very angry. Finally he was asked to leave the team. The underlined phrase means “________”.
A．kicked off B．left out C．absent from
2．—Mom, can I have the pink skirt and the white shirt I like them very much.
—Sony, baby. They cost too much, but you can choose ________ the skirt ________ the shirt.
A．both, and B．either, or C．neither, nor
3．Scientists all over the world are ________ new medicine to fight COVID-19.
A．blowing out B．trying out C．leaving out D．keeping out
4．We got so wet. We had ________ umbrellas ________ raincoats with us!
A．either; or B．both; and C．neither; nor D．not only; but also
5．Neither Jim nor Tom _______ Australia before, but they know the country very well.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．have gone to D．have been to
二、完型填空
People in different countries have different ways of doing things. Something is 6 in one country, but it may be quite impolite in another. In Britain, you mustn’t lift your bowl to your 7 when you are having some liquid(液体) food. But it’s 8 in China. And in Japan you even needn’t worry about making 9 while you are having it. It shows that you’re enjoying it. But people in Britain think it is bad manners. If you are a visitor in Mongolia, what manners do they wish 10 to have They wish you to have a loud “burp”(打嗝) 11 you finish eating. Burping shows that you like the food.
In Britain, you should try not to 12 your hands on the table when you’re having a meal. In Mexico, however, guests may keep their hands on the table during a meal. But in Arab(阿拉伯) countries you must be very careful with your hands. You 13 eat with your left hand. Arabs consider(认为) it very 14 manners eating with left hands. So when you are in other countries, 15 carefully and follow them. As a saying goes, “Do as the Romans do. ”
6．A．bad B．useful C．terrible D．polite
7．A．mouth B．nose C．ears D．eyes
8．A．same B．different C．important D．difficult
9．A．faces B．noises C．mistakes D．friends
10．A．them B．her C．you D．him
11．A．after B．before C．if D．until
12．A．give B．take C．bring D．put
13．A．needn’t B．must not C．shouldn’t D．may not
14．A．different B．important C．good D．bad
15．A．see B．look C．read D．watch
三、阅读单选
A 76-year-old grandmother, dressed in hanfu, impressed (给……留下印象) hundreds of thousands of netizens (网民) with her beauty and love for life.
The first short video was filmed by her grandson Liu Haochen in early October, and received 1.76 million likes and over 60,000 comments (评论) on Tik Tok within a month. Now known as vlogger “Grandma of Chenchen” with 200,000 fans, she has tried on many different costumes. Liu, also a lover of hanfu, said he wanted to share happy memories with his grandma and to record her life at old age. And he found she was quite suitable for the clothing.
The grandma said she agreed Liu to shoot a video for her. “I didn’t really know what it was about at the time. I thought it would be good to spend some time with Chenchen,” she said, as Liu had been busy working far from home.
In October, she took part in a catwalk show (时装秀) in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, with performers much younger than her. The show began at 1 a.m. and it was raining, but she said she quite enjoyed it. “When I was on the stage, the audience (观众) kept shouting my name. I was very cheerful,” she said.
Most of her videos are filmed outdoors, with some at scenic spots (景点) in different cities, often with other young hanfu lovers. For her, it’s more like traveling than filming. Along with videos about hanfu, she also shares her daily life — shopping, drinking milk tea and playing with cats. She said life has become more interesting compared with before, and she is as energetic as any young person.
16．Why did Liu start taking videos for his grandmother
A．Because his grandma likes making videos.
B．Because he wants to record her life at old age.
C．Because his grandma invited him to shoot a video.
D．Because he wants to be a vlogger.
17．Grandma agreed to Liu’s invitation because ________.
A．she wants to show Chinese traditional culture online.
B．she is a lover of hanfu.
C．she wants to try something new.
D．it would be good to spend time with her grandson.
18．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Grandma’s videos about her daily life.
B．Grandma’s experience in a catwalk show.
C．Grandma’s love for hanfu.
D．Grandma’s feelings about wearing hanfu.
19．What can we learn from the passage
A．No matter how old we are, we can be brave to show ourselves.
B．Just be yourself even though lots of people laugh at you.
C．We should be respectful (尊敬的) to old people.
D．There must be some difficulties on the way to success.
20．In which section of a newspaper can you read the text
A．Fashion. B．Music. C．Sports. D．Science.
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
21．He gave me a lot of good________ (suggest) on how to learn English.
22．I find it difficult________ (remember) all the things.
23．Mark used to stay up, but now he is used to ________ (go) to bed early.
24．Our school lies in the ________ (east) part of our town.
25．________ (base) education is very important to every person.
五、完成句子
根据汉语意思完成句子
26．用筷子指着别人是不好的。
________ ________ good to point at others with your chopsticks.
27．虽然我仍然会犯许多错误，但它不像以前那样让我担心了。
________ I still make lots of ________,it doesn’t worry me like it used to.
28．王先生一家人使我觉得就像在家一样。
The Wangs made me ________ ________ ________.
29．在法国，说你吃饱了是不礼貌的。
In France, it’s ________ ________ ________ you’re full.
30．因为他的努力学习，他的汉语进步得多快呀！
________ ________ his Chinese has improved because of his hard work!
六、材料作文
31． 假如你是苏敏，你的美国笔友Tina发来电子邮件，说她下周要来中国，但对中国的风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪了解很少，于是向你寻求帮助，请你给她回一封电子邮件，告诉她有关中国风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪的情况。
提示：1. 风俗习惯的不同：中国人第一次见面时握手；
2. 见面时谈论的内容；
3.餐桌礼仪的不同：我们用筷子就餐；就餐时不能用筷子指着别人；就餐时不可以多说话等。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit10 SectionB
知识讲解
1. at the table 在餐桌旁
常见的加the和不加the的短语的区别：
go to school上学（学生） go to the school 到学校去（不一定是学生）
by sea乘船 by the sea在海边
in class 在上课 in the class 在班级里
on earth 究竟，在世界上 on the earth在地球上
2. make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
make表示＂使处于某种状态，使成为＂，后接名词、形容词、不定式（不带to）、过去分词、介词短语等作宾语补足语。
make sth. for sb. = make sb. sth. 意为＂为某人制作某物＂。
3. although conj. 虽然
although相当于though，引导让步状语从句。在英语中，although/though和but不能用在同一个句子中，即二者只能取其一。
4. empty/’empti/ adj.空的
empty为形容词时，意思为＂空的＂，反义词为full，可作表语、定语等成分。
empty为动词时，意为＂倒空，排空＂，反义词为fill。
5. It’s impolite to... ……是不礼貌的。
impolite是形容词，意为＂不礼貌的＂，其副词为impolitely，其反义词为polite。
It is＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth.意为＂做某事对某人来说……＂。
专题练习
一、单项选择
1．Bert was always late and made his coach very angry. Finally he was asked to leave the team. The underlined phrase means “________”.
A．kicked off B．left out C．absent from
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：Bert总是迟到，这让他的教练很生气。最后，他被要求离开球队。划线短语的意思是“开除”。
考查动词短语辨析。kicked off开除；left out被遗忘；absent from缺席。根据“Bert was always late and made his coach very angry”可知，他总是迟到，所以教练很生气，把他开除了，故选A。
2．—Mom, can I have the pink skirt and the white shirt I like them very much.
—Sony, baby. They cost too much, but you can choose ________ the skirt ________ the shirt.
A．both, and B．either, or C．neither, nor
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：——妈妈，我可以要粉红色的裙子和白色的衬衫吗？我非常喜欢它们。——索尼，宝贝。它们太贵了，但是你可以选择裙子或者衬衫。
考查连词辨析。both…and两者都；either…or两者之一；neither…nor两者都不。根据“They cost too much, but you can choose…the skirt…the shirt.”可知，两件都买太贵了，此处表示两者之一，故选B。
3．Scientists all over the world are ________ new medicine to fight COVID-19.
A．blowing out B．trying out C．leaving out D．keeping out
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：世界各地的科学家正在试验抗COVID-19的新药。
考查动词短语。blowing out吹熄；trying out尝试，试验；leaving out遗漏；keeping out阻止进入。根据“new medicine to fight COVID-19”结合常识可知全世界的科学家都在试验抗击新冠肺炎病毒的新药。故选B。
4．We got so wet. We had ________ umbrellas ________ raincoats with us!
A．either; or B．both; and C．neither; nor D．not only; but also
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：我们都湿透了。我们既没有雨伞也没有雨衣！
考查连词。either...or或者……或者……；both...and两者都；neither...nor既不……也不……；not only...but also不但……而且……；根据“We got so wet.”可知，说明既没有雨伞也没有雨衣，表达的是两者都不，应用neither...nor，故选C。
5．Neither Jim nor Tom _______ Australia before, but they know the country very well.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．have gone to D．have been to
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：Jim和Tom以前都没有去过澳大利亚，但是他们对那个国家非常了解。
考查现在完成时和主谓一致。has gone to去了某地，主语为第三人称单数；has been to去过某地，主语是第三人称单数；have gone to去了某地，主语为第一人称或者是复数；have been to去过某地，主语为第一人称或者是复数。根据句意可知，这里表示“去过某地”，先排除A和C。主语是有Neither…nor连接的，谓语动词的单复数形式应根据就近原则，与Tom一致，用单数，故选B。
二、完型填空
People in different countries have different ways of doing things. Something is 6 in one country, but it may be quite impolite in another. In Britain, you mustn’t lift your bowl to your 7 when you are having some liquid(液体) food. But it’s 8 in China. And in Japan you even needn’t worry about making 9 while you are having it. It shows that you’re enjoying it. But people in Britain think it is bad manners. If you are a visitor in Mongolia, what manners do they wish 10 to have They wish you to have a loud “burp”(打嗝) 11 you finish eating. Burping shows that you like the food.
In Britain, you should try not to 12 your hands on the table when you’re having a meal. In Mexico, however, guests may keep their hands on the table during a meal. But in Arab(阿拉伯) countries you must be very careful with your hands. You 13 eat with your left hand. Arabs consider(认为) it very 14 manners eating with left hands. So when you are in other countries, 15 carefully and follow them. As a saying goes, “Do as the Romans do. ”
6．A．bad B．useful C．terrible D．polite
7．A．mouth B．nose C．ears D．eyes
8．A．same B．different C．important D．difficult
9．A．faces B．noises C．mistakes D．friends
10．A．them B．her C．you D．him
11．A．after B．before C．if D．until
12．A．give B．take C．bring D．put
13．A．needn’t B．must not C．shouldn’t D．may not
14．A．different B．important C．good D．bad
15．A．see B．look C．read D．watch
【答案】
6．D
7．A
8．B
9．B
10．C
11．A
12．D
13．B
14．D
15．D
【分析】
人们在不同的国家有不同的做事方式。在一个国家是礼貌的，但在另一个国家是不礼貌的。在英国，当你吃液体的东西时，不能把碗举到嘴边，但在中国是不同的，在日本，你甚至不用担心喝的时候弄出噪音。在蒙古，他们希望你吃完之后打一个响亮的嗝，阿拉伯人认为用左手吃饭是非常不礼貌的。
6．A. bad坏的；B. useful有用的；C. terrible可怕的；D. polite有礼貌的；根据下一句：但在另一个国家是不礼貌的，此处应该是：在一个国家是礼貌的，故选D。
7．A. mouth嘴巴；B. nose鼻子；C. ears耳朵；D. eyes眼睛。此题考查名词，根据语境可知把碗放在嘴边，故用mouth。答案为A。
8．A. same相同的；B. different不同的；C. important重要的；D. difficult困难的。此题考查形容词，在英国不允许，但在中国是可以的，两者是不相同的。故选B。
9．A．faces脸；B．noise噪音；C．mistakes 错误；D. friends朋友。根据下一句：它表明你很喜欢它．此处应该是：在日本，你甚至不用担心喝的时候弄出噪音．故选B。
10．A. them他们；B. her她；C. you你；D. him他。根据下一句：他们希望你打一个响亮的嗝．此处应该是：他们希望你有什么样的礼貌吗？此题考查固定结构wish sb to do sth表示希望某人做某事。故选C。
11．A. after在…之后B. before在…之前C. if是否；D. until 直到；根据上半句：他们希望你打一个响亮的嗝，此处应该是：在你吃完之后，故选A。
12．A. give 给；B. take拿；C. put放；D. bring带来。根据下半句：当你吃饭时，此处应该是：你应该尽量不要把你的手放在桌子上，根据语境可知在英国吃饭时 不能把手放在桌子上。故选D。
13．A. needn’t 不需要；B. must not 一定不能；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. may not可能不。根据上一句：但是在阿拉伯国家，你的手必须非常小心．此处应该是：一定不能用左手吃饭，mustn’t表示千万不要。故选B。
14．A. different困难的；B. important重要的；C. good好的；D. bad坏的。根据上一句：一定不能用左手吃饭，此处应该是：阿拉伯人认为用左手吃饭是非常不礼貌的，故选D。
15．A. see看；B. look看见；C. read阅读；D. watch观看。根据下一句：俗话说，"入乡随俗"，此处应该是：仔细看并跟着他们学，watch有观察之意。故选D。
三、阅读单选
A 76-year-old grandmother, dressed in hanfu, impressed (给……留下印象) hundreds of thousands of netizens (网民) with her beauty and love for life.
The first short video was filmed by her grandson Liu Haochen in early October, and received 1.76 million likes and over 60,000 comments (评论) on Tik Tok within a month. Now known as vlogger “Grandma of Chenchen” with 200,000 fans, she has tried on many different costumes. Liu, also a lover of hanfu, said he wanted to share happy memories with his grandma and to record her life at old age. And he found she was quite suitable for the clothing.
The grandma said she agreed Liu to shoot a video for her. “I didn’t really know what it was about at the time. I thought it would be good to spend some time with Chenchen,” she said, as Liu had been busy working far from home.
In October, she took part in a catwalk show (时装秀) in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, with performers much younger than her. The show began at 1 a.m. and it was raining, but she said she quite enjoyed it. “When I was on the stage, the audience (观众) kept shouting my name. I was very cheerful,” she said.
Most of her videos are filmed outdoors, with some at scenic spots (景点) in different cities, often with other young hanfu lovers. For her, it’s more like traveling than filming. Along with videos about hanfu, she also shares her daily life — shopping, drinking milk tea and playing with cats. She said life has become more interesting compared with before, and she is as energetic as any young person.
16．Why did Liu start taking videos for his grandmother
A．Because his grandma likes making videos.
B．Because he wants to record her life at old age.
C．Because his grandma invited him to shoot a video.
D．Because he wants to be a vlogger.
17．Grandma agreed to Liu’s invitation because ________.
A．she wants to show Chinese traditional culture online.
B．she is a lover of hanfu.
C．she wants to try something new.
D．it would be good to spend time with her grandson.
18．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Grandma’s videos about her daily life.
B．Grandma’s experience in a catwalk show.
C．Grandma’s love for hanfu.
D．Grandma’s feelings about wearing hanfu.
19．What can we learn from the passage
A．No matter how old we are, we can be brave to show ourselves.
B．Just be yourself even though lots of people laugh at you.
C．We should be respectful (尊敬的) to old people.
D．There must be some difficulties on the way to success.
20．In which section of a newspaper can you read the text
A．Fashion. B．Music. C．Sports. D．Science.
【答案】
16．B
17．D
18．B
19．A
20．A
【分析】
这篇文章主要讲“辰辰奶奶”因拍汉服造型的短视频走红抖音，通过穿汉服，展现了奶奶的美并获得网友的关注。
16．
细节理解题。根据“Liu, also a lover of hanfu, said he wanted to share happy memories with his grandma and to record her life at old age.”可知，他想和奶奶分享快乐的回忆，记录她晚年的生活。故选B。
17．
细节理解题。根据“The grandma said she agreed Liu to shoot a video for her. “I didn’t really know what it was about at the time. I thought it would be good to spend some time with Chenchen,” she said”可知，奶奶认为和孙子共度一段时间会很好，故选D。
18．
段落大意题。根据“In October, she took part in a catwalk show (时装秀) in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province…I was very cheerful,” she said.”可知，本段主要是讲述奶奶参加时装秀的经历，故选B。
19．
主旨大意题。根据“A 76-year-old grandmother, dressed in hanfu, impressed (给……留下印象) hundreds of thousands of netizens (网民) with her beauty and love for life.”以及“She said life has become more interesting compared with before, and she is as energetic as any young person.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是讲述“辰辰奶奶”因拍汉服造型的短视频走红抖音，除了有关汉服的视频，她还分享了自己的日常生活——购物、喝奶茶、和猫玩。与以前的生活相比，现在的生活变得更加有趣，她和任何年轻人一样精力充沛。由此推断文章主要是告诉人们不管我们多大，我们都可以勇敢地展示自己。故选A。
20．
推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲“辰辰奶奶”因拍汉服造型的短视频走红抖音，通过穿汉服，展现了奶奶的美并获得网友的关注。由此推知，这篇文章应出现在报纸的时尚专栏里。故选A。
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
用所给单词的适当形式填空
21．He gave me a lot of good________ (suggest) on how to learn English.
22．I find it difficult________ (remember) all the things.
23．Mark used to stay up, but now he is used to ________ (go) to bed early.
24．Our school lies in the ________ (east) part of our town.
25．________ (base) education is very important to every person.
【答案】
21．suggestions
22．to remember
23．going
24．eastern
25．Basic
【解析】
21．句意：他给了我很多关于如何学英语的好建议。
suggest建议，动词；根据句子结构可知空格处需要填名词词性，加后缀-tion，作“建议”解释时是可数名词。且空格前有a lot of表示大量的，后加可数名词复数，故答案为suggestions。
22．句意：我发现记住所有东西很难。
remember 记住，记得；to remember all things是宾语，太长，所以用it做形式宾语，而真正宾语需要用动词不定式连接起来，形成句型：主语+谓语+it+形容词+to do sth.。故答案为to remember。
23．句意：马克过去常常熬夜，但是现在他习惯早睡。
go去；go to bed去睡觉；本题考查短语be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。故答案为going。
24．句意：我们学校位于小镇东部。
east东方，名词；根据句意可知此题需要描述“东部的”，要填形容词，描述不具体的位置关系，east需要加后缀-ern变成形容词词性。故答案为eastern。
25．句意：基础教育对每个人都很重要。
base基底，基础，名词；根据句子结构可知此空需要填形容词词性，所以base需要变成basic。故答案为Basic。
五、完成句子
根据汉语意思完成句子
26．用筷子指着别人是不好的。
________ ________ good to point at others with your chopsticks.
27．虽然我仍然会犯许多错误，但它不像以前那样让我担心了。
________ I still make lots of ________,it doesn’t worry me like it used to.
28．王先生一家人使我觉得就像在家一样。
The Wangs made me ________ ________ ________.
29．在法国，说你吃饱了是不礼貌的。
In France, it’s ________ ________ ________ you’re full.
30．因为他的努力学习，他的汉语进步得多快呀！
________ ________ his Chinese has improved because of his hard work!
【答案】
26． It’s not
27． Although mistakes
28． feel at home
29． impolite to say
30． How quickly
【解析】
26．it is adj. for sb. to do sth. “做某事对某人来讲是怎样的”。首字母需大写，否定句be后加not。故答案为It's not。
27．虽然：although。首字母需大写。犯错：make mistakes。lots of修饰可数名词复数。故答案为Although，mistakes。
28．make sb. feel at home “使某人感到宾至如归”。 故答案为feel at home。
29．it is adj. for sb. to do sth. “做某事对某人来讲是怎样的”。故答案为impolite to say。
30．感叹句结构：How adj./adv. +主语+动词+其他! 此处需填写副词，修饰动词improve。故答案为How quickly。
六、材料作文
31． 假如你是苏敏，你的美国笔友Tina发来电子邮件，说她下周要来中国，但对中国的风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪了解很少，于是向你寻求帮助，请你给她回一封电子邮件，告诉她有关中国风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪的情况。
提示：1. 风俗习惯的不同：中国人第一次见面时握手；
2. 见面时谈论的内容；
3.餐桌礼仪的不同：我们用筷子就餐；就餐时不能用筷子指着别人；就餐时不可以多说话等。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】优秀范文
Dear Tina,
I’m very happy to hear that you’re coming to China next week. I hope to see you soon.
As we all know, different countries have different customs. So the manners in China are very different from those in your country. Let me tell you something about customs and manners in our country.
First, we Chinese are supposed to shake hands when we meet for the first time. Then we greet each other. After that, you can talk about something relaxing. But you are not supposed to talk about someone’s salary, age and so on. Second, we use chopsticks to have meals while you use your forks at table. And you can't point at others with your chopsticks. Also, it’s bad manners to talk too much when you’re having meals.
I hope you’ll have a wonderful time in our country.
【详解】
1.题干解读：该题属于材料作文。写作时注意文章的主要要求和提示信息要写齐全。
2.例文点评：例文采用四段式，第一大段表达对Tina的到来的高兴之情；第二大段总的陈述中国文化的不同；第三大段分别从握手礼仪，谈话方式和就餐礼仪谈论中国文化的差别；第四大段祝愿Tina玩得开心；结构清晰，段落分明。主要用第一人称，第二人称进行写作分析；时态采用一般现在时为主。
3.高分亮点：
短语：be happy to，be different from，be supposed to，for the first time，each other，talk about。
句型：when引导的时间状语从句，that引导的宾语从句，but连接的转折句。
