(共70张PPT)
素养目标
单元知识抢先知
文化意识
必记单词
(主题语境:人与动物的关系)
通过了解黑脉金斑蝶、熊
猫、丹顶鹤等动物的习性, charity
annual
形成关爱动物、保护生态的
seek
measure
正确价值观;通过阅读熊猫
租借的相关信息,了解动物 position determine
重点短语
在文化交流方面的作用,坚
定文化自信
eventually solution in search of
思维品质
maung
destroy manage to
能够创造性地表达关于人与 creature
survive
the solution to
动物关系的观点;能够在深
入理解文本的同时联系自身
effect
authority
in trouble
实际,思考如何处理好人与 source
found cut down
动物的关系,实现知识与思
维能力的迁移。
button
recover
feed on
学习能力
shock
vaniety at a speed of
能够通过了解人与动物关系的
经典句型核心语法
相关内容,激发英语学习的兴
encounter
path concentrate on
趣;能够选择恰当的策略与方 concentrate freeze recover frol
lthe+比较级,定语从句(2)
法,监控、评价、反思和调整
自己的学习内容和进程
stare
Image
show respect to
ue比较级话题写作
语言能力
reaction
after all
2.强调句型
创建动物档案
单元话
题导入
A鱼Starting out & Understanding ideas
A dead polar bear found on the Arctic island has shocked experts who say climate change may be to blame for the animal's death.The starved polar bear in Norway was said to be in good health in April when the Norwegian Polar Institute examined and tagged it.However，the animal was reduced to skin and bones by the time a group of explorers happened to find his body in July.
“From his lying position in death，the bear appears to simply have starved and died where he dropped，”polar bear expert Dr.Ian Stirling told The Guardian.“He had no remaining fat，having been reduced to little more than skin and bones.”
Stirling believes the bear starved to death as a result of a lack of sea ice，which the animals use as a platform for hunting seals.That may also explain why the 16 year old male bear was found about 155 miles north of where it was seen in April.
Arctic sea ice reached a record low in 2012，according to a report released this week by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration，which pointed to continued signs of climate change.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature currently has put polar bears into its Red List of Threatened Species.
The Endangered Species Act states that the government must act immediately to help save the polar bear from extinction.According to the World Wildlife Fund，only 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears remain on the planet.
[理解]
Read the passage and answer the following questions.
1．What may be to blame for the polar bear's death
Climate change.
2．Why did the polar bear starve to death
It was a lack of sea ice.
[积累]
1．be to blame for 对……负责
2．tag v. 跟在……后面；
加标签于
3．starve v. 挨饿
4．release v. 发布
5．extinction n. 灭绝
Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas
The Monarch's Journey
Many animals move from one place to another① at certain times of the year.This annual② movement is called migration③.They migrate to find food, seek④ a partner, or in search of⑤ warmer weather.One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
Every autumn, millions of these beautiful insects⑥ with fine black and orange wings begin a long and difficult journey.Somehow⑦ they manage⑧ to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico.However，[1]until recently no one knew how they did this.
[1]how引导宾语从句。
[2]A team of scientists led⑨ by Professor⑩ Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the answer.They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun. [3]These two pieces of information — the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky — allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.[4]Eventually ， it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
[2]led ...Washington为过去分词短语作后置定语。
[3]where引导定语从句。
[4]where引导定语从句。
[5]The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. Its population has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years.Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the natural environment.[6]They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.
[5]when引导定语从句。
[6]两个that都引导定语从句，先行词分别为chemicals和plants。第一个that在从句中作主语，第二个that在从句中作宾语。
The research on the monarch's behaviourhas however led to a greater awareness of this creature.People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on.If this works，there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.[7]The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
[7]the more ...，the greater ...为“the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……”结构。
①from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方
②annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的
③migration n． 迁徙
migrate v． 移栖，迁徙
④seek v． 寻找，寻求
⑤in search of 寻找
⑥insect n． 昆虫
⑦somehow adv.用 某种方法；不知怎么地
⑧manage v． 完成(困难的事)；勉力完成 manage to do sth.设法做成某事
⑨lead (led，led，leading) v．掌管；领导；率领；过(某种生活)
lead to ... 导致……
⑩professor n． 教授
measure v． 量，测量
position n． 位置
allow v． 允许
allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
determine v． 测定，确定
eventually adv. 终于，最终
solution n． 解决，解决方法
a solution to ... ……的解决方法
amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的
population n． 数量；人口
crash v． 暴跌
per cent n． 百分比
destroy v． 破坏，毁掉
cut down 砍倒；减少
chemical n． 化学品
behaviour n． 行为；举止
behave v． 表现；表现得体
behave oneself 表现良好；行为良好
awareness n． 认识；意识
creature n． 生物，动物
feed on 以……为食
survive v． 活下来，幸存
[参考译文]
黑脉金斑蝶的旅程
许多动物都会在每年的特定时间从一处迁移到另一处。这种一年一度的行为叫作“迁徙”。动物为了觅食、寻找配偶或温暖的环境而迁徙。自然界最为壮观的迁徙之一就是北美洲黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙。
每年秋天，数百万只这种翅膀橙黑相间的美丽昆虫都会开启漫长且艰辛的旅程。它们总是能够完成约4,000千米的南行旅程，成功到达(美国)加利福尼亚州或墨西哥。然而，直到最近人们才明白它们是如何做到的。
一支由伊莱·史莱泽曼教授领导的来自华盛顿大学的科学家团队现已找到了答案。他们发现，黑脉金斑蝶可以判断时间，并能用眼睛测量太阳的位置。这两条信息——一天中的时刻和太阳在天空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶能够判定前进的方向，最终成功抵达过冬的地点。
黑脉金斑蝶这一惊人能力的奥秘被揭开时，这一生物正处于水深火热的生存状态中。其数量在近年内减少了百分之九十之多。不幸的是，人类活动是造成其数量下降的主要原因。在黑脉金斑蝶生存的许多地方，人们正破坏着那里的自然环境。他们砍伐树木，他们所用的化学制剂杀死了黑脉金斑蝶幼虫食用的植物。
不过，对黑脉金斑蝶行为的研究也使得人们对这种生物有了更多的了解。人们已经在共同努力，记录它的迁徙，并确保它有足够的食物。如果这些努力产生效果，黑脉金斑蝶的数量在未来有可能再次回升。我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它在自然界中得以长久生存并保持其位置的可能性就越大。
Step One：Pre reading
1．Complete the following background information.
Animal migration refers to the annual movement of a species from one place to another in response to seasonal changes to the environment, which often covers great distances.Migration happens in all parts of the animal kingdom, from fish and insects to birds, reptiles (爬行动物) and mammals (哺乳动物)．
2．Tick the animals that migrate.
□monarch butterfly □Atlantic salmon
□Siberian crane □red panda
□killer whale □African lion
(Answers may vary.)
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
What's the main idea of the text
A．How to protect monarchs by knowing about their migration.
B．How to understand monarchs' migration.
C．How the scientists do the research about monarchs.
D．How the monarchs migrate every autumn.
答案：A
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．Which is not the possible purpose of migration
A．To find something to eat.
B．To look for a partner.
C．To search for warmer places.
D．To experience travel.
2．What do we know about the monarch butterflies
A．They could travel 4,000 kilometers in one month.
B．Schlizerman found they spend the winter at home.
C．They all know the solution to the serious trouble.
D．They have beautiful appearance and amazing abilities.
3．How did some behaviours influence the monarch butterflies
A．People cut down many trees and use pest killer.
B．The caterpillars eat too many monarchs.
C．The butterflies' amazing ability causes themselves trouble.
D．People are aware of the serious trouble monarch met.
4．How can we help the monarch butterflies
A．Cutting down more trees and using chemicals.
B．Working as volunteers to ensure their food.
C．Knowing more beautiful animals and plants.
D．Keeping their place in our mind for a long time.
答案：1～4 DDAB
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At certain times of the year，we can see many animals move from one place to another.This movement 1.is called (call) migration.They migrate 2.to find (find) food, seek a partner or in search of warmer weather.Every autumn, millions of beautiful monarch butterflies begin the journey.They manage to travel a long distance to the places 3.where they will spend the winter.Scientists find the monarch is able to tell 4.the time of day.It uses 5.its (it) eyes to measure the position of the sun.But the population of them 6.has crashed (crash) in the last few years.Because in many places where the butterfly can be found, people cut down trees and use 7.chemicals (chemical) that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars feed 8.on.The research on the monarch's behaviour has led to a greater 9.awareness (aware) of this creature.The more we know about them, the 10.greater (great) the chance they will survive.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．an international charity 一家国际性慈善组织
2．an annual event 一件年度大事
3．seek jobs 找工作
4．the best position 最好的位置
5．get a job eventually 最终找到一份工作
6．reduce the amount of chemicals 减少化学用品量
7．destroy his confidence 击垮他的信心
8．the largest creature 最大的动物
9．the effect of heat on metal 热对金属产生的效应
10．measure your heart rate 测量你的心率
11．He was determined to become a straight A student, which was a determining factor to be admitted into Peking University.(determine)
12．Attempts are being made to solve the problem of waste disposal, but there's no simple solution.(solve)
13．To his amazement, we were not amazed at his amazing achievements.(amaze)
14．He was the only survivor in that bad accident，and after the survival, he has been living a happy and healthy life.(survive)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
1．amaze v．使惊奇，使惊讶＋ ing→amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的
surprising adj.令人惊讶的
interesting adj.有趣的
frightening adj.令人恐惧的
amusing adj.有趣的，好笑的
2．survive v．活下来，幸存＋ al→survival n．幸存，活下来
arrival n．到达，到来 revival n．复兴，复活
approval n．赞同，批准 removal n．去除
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．Thousands were forced to migrate from rural to urban areas in search of (寻找) work.
2．Some women do manage to (设法处理) achieve business success against all difficulties.
3．We must find a satisfactory solution to (……的解决方法) the problem.
4．Make sure (确保) the electricity is switched off before you leave on holiday.
5．He cut down (砍伐) the tree and cut it up for firewood.
6．Lack of exercise can lead to (导致) feelings of depression and exhaustion.
7．Snails feed on (以……为食) fresh leaves and kill the plants.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
[句式分析] that指代前面的可数名词。
[佳句仿写] 郊区的房租要比市中心的低很多。
The rent of the suburbs is much lower than that of the downtown.
2．[教材原句] Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.
[句式分析] why引导定语从句。
[佳句仿写] 我没有告诉她结果是怕她伤心。
The reason why I didn't tell her the result was that it would make her feel sad.
3．[教材原句] The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive ...
[句式分析] the＋比较级， the＋比较级。
[佳句仿写] 你越小心，你犯的错就会越少。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
1．measure v．量，测量；(长度，数量)量度为；衡量 n．措施，方法(常用复数)
(教材P50) It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.
它用眼睛测量太阳的位置。
(1)measure ...by ... 用……衡量……
(2)make ...to one's own measure 依照某人的尺寸做……
(3)take measures to do sth.
＝take steps/action to do sth.
采取措施做某事
(经典佳句)They measured the length of the garden.
他们测量了花园的长度。
[练透] 一词多义
①It was Cao Chong who thought of a measure of measuring the weight of the elephant.
方法测量
②It's generally acknowledged that education shouldn't be measured only by examination results. 衡量
③The hall measures 200 metres long and 100 metres wide. 量度为
单句语法填空
④The new bridge under construction, measuring (measure) twice as long as the old one, is due to be completed next month.
补全句子
⑤史密斯先生要求裁缝照他的尺寸做些新衣服。
Mr Smith asked the tailor to make some new clothes to his own measure.
[写美] 翻译句子
⑥我们应该立即采取措施保护环境。
We should take measures to protect the environment at once.
[名师点津] (1)measure表示 “措施” 之意时， 常用其复数形式measures。
(2)measure表示 “量； 有……长 (宽、高等)” 时， 是不及物动词， 后跟量的结果， 不用被动语态及进行时态；作定语时， 要用现在分词。
[巧学助记] Much to her sadness, Selina has to wear the coats made to her own measure because she's getting fatter nowadays.Although she knows beauty shouldn't be measured by a good shape, it's time for her to take measures to lose weight.
令Selina非常伤心的是，她不得不穿按她自己的尺寸做的外套，因为她最近胖了。尽管她知道美不能用好身材来衡量，但是时候她该采取措施减肥了。
2．position n．位置；职位；处境，状况
in a ...position 处于……的地位/处境/位置
in position 就位；在适当的位置
out of position 在不适当的位置
take the position of ... 担任……职位
(经典佳句)I can tell the time from the position of the sun.
我可以从太阳的位置知道时间。
[练透] 一词多义
①From his position on the cliff top, he had a good view of the harbour. 位置
②This put him and his colleagues in a difficult position. 处境
③I should like to apply for the position of sales director. 职位
单句语法填空
④The two teams are in position，ready to face off.
⑤Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
[写美] 补全句子
⑥确保你在一个舒适的位置工作。
Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position.
[名师点津] position, point, case, stage, situation 等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where引导。
3．determine v．测定，确定
(教材P50) These two pieces of information — the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky — allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.
这两条信息——一天中的时刻和太阳在天空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶能够判定前进的方向。
(1)determine to do sth. 决定做某事
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
determine sb.to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事
determine that ... 决定……
(2)determined adj. 坚定的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
(3)determination n. 决心；决定
with determination 坚决地
(经典佳句)He has determined to work as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.
他已经决定毕业后到农村支教。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Paul was fond of Chinese culture, so he determined to settle (settle) in China.
②His determined (determine) look suggested that he wouldn't change his mind.
③It takes hard work and determination (determine) to reach the goals that we want to achieve.
④The teacher's encouraging words determined him to study (study) harder.
[写美] 补全句子
⑤凭着她的天赋和决心，爱丽丝·摩尔似乎可以将天空作为自己的挑战极限。
With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
[巧学助记] The young man left school early and determined to do something great.The very determined man met with different challenges.With great courage and firm determination, he failed again and again only because of lack of necessary knowledge and skills.The failure determined him to return to school.
这个年轻人很早就辍学了，决心要做一番大事业。意志坚决的他屡屡碰壁。尽管有极大的勇气和坚定的意志，但是仅仅由于缺乏必备的知识和技能，他一次又一次地失败。失败使他下决心重返校园。
4．amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的
(1)amaze v． 使惊讶
(2)amazed adj. 吃惊的
be amazed at/by 对……大为吃惊
be amazed to do sth. 惊奇地做某事
(3)amazement n. 惊奇
to one's amazement 令某人吃惊的是
(经典佳句)(2020·浙江高考)Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous.
给北极熊拍照很神奇，但也很危险。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①We invite you to join us on an amazing (amaze) journey of language learning.
②Little Tom sat there watching the monkey dancing in front of him, amazed (amaze)．
③We were amazed to find (find) that no one was hurt.
[写美] 补全句子
④令我非常吃惊的是，他的英语在老师的帮助下飞速进步。
Much to my amazement, he has made rapid progress in English with the help of his teacher.
[名师点津] amazing指“令人吃惊的”，强调某人/某事物给他人的感受；而amazed表示本身的感觉，并不强调对他人的影响，多指“(人)感到吃惊的”。
5．survive v．活下来，幸存
(教材P51) The more we know about this lovely creature，the greater the chance it will survive ...
我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会就越大……
(1)survive the war/accident/flood/fire 在战争/事故/洪水/火灾中幸免于难
survive on 靠……生存下来，维持生计
survive from ... 从……存活下来，流传下来
survive sb.by ...years 比某人多活……年
(2)survival n. 幸存
survivor n. 幸存者
(经典佳句)These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions.
这些植物无法在非常寒冷的条件下生存。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①It's reported that their chances of survival(survive) were small in this air disaster.
②Workers built shelters for survivors (survive) after the earthquake.
③Some interesting customs have survived from ancient times.
④I wonder how they can survive on such poor income.
[写美] 补全句子
⑤事实上，她比她丈夫多活了五年。
As a matter of fact, she survived her husband by five years.
[名师点津] survive作“幸存；幸免于难”讲时为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，不用介词加in或from。
6．effect n．影响，结果
(教材P52) Then use the sentences to complete the “cause effect” flow charts.
然后用句子来完成“因果”流程图。
(1)have an effect on ... 对……有影响
have no/some/little/much effect on ... 对……没有/有些/几乎
没有/有很大影响
take effect 生效，起作用
put/bring sth.into effect 实施计划；落实想法
come into effect (法律等)生效
in effect 事实上
(2)effective adj. 有效的；生效的
(3)effectively adv. 有效地
(经典佳句)Humor can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life.
幽默会对你在学校、工作或个人生活中所做的一切产生影响。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Many new measures have been put into effect for health protection.
②It's an extremely effective (effect) cure for a headache.
③The tablets work more effectively (effective) if you take a hot drink after them.
④Good books have had an effect on me since my childhood.
[写美] 补全句子
⑤新的交通规则开始实施了。现在，它开始起作用了。
The new traffic rules came into effect.Now，it is beginning to take effect.
7．cut down 砍倒；缩减；降价
(教材P51) They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.
他们砍伐树木，他们所用的化学制剂杀死了黑脉金斑蝶幼虫食用的植物。
cut in 插嘴；打断
cut off 切断；阻断；隔绝
cut out 裁剪；删掉
cut up 切碎
(经典佳句) For every tree cut down, three or four new ones are planted.
每砍倒一棵树就要种上三四棵树。
[练透] 一词多义
①Many trees have been cut down in the past 20 years in my hometown. 砍伐
②My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has cut down. 缩减
单句语法填空
③His mother has to cut up all the food for him when he was young.
④Cut out this article and show it to your bank manager.
[写美] 补全句子
⑤它防止那些与社会隔绝的人成为骗子的牺牲品。
(2020·7月天津高考)It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
[句型公式] the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……
(教材P51) The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive ...
我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会就越大……
此句式意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
1 从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级……”是表示条件的状语从句 在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来 ；第二个“the＋比较级……”是主句。
2 此结构可以用省略形式。
3 比较级＋and＋比较级，意为“越来越……”。
(经典佳句)The more you practise, the better you will speak English.
你练习得越多，你的英语就会讲得越好。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The harder (hard) you study，the more progress you'll make.
②The more difficult (difficult) the questions are, the less likely he is to answer them.
③It becomes warmer (warm) and warmer when spring comes.
[写美] 补全句子
④离地面越高，空气就变得越稀薄。
The higher the ground is, the thinner the air becomes.
维度一 品句填词
1．An anonymous businesswoman donated one million dollars to the charity.
2．They sought (寻求) advice on how to project a more positive image of their company.
3．Modern farming methods can have an negative effect (影响) on the environment.
4．The manager will have an interview with those who want to get the position (职位)．
5．Share prices crashed (暴跌) to an all time low yesterday.
6．The government has promised to reduce the amount of chemicals (化学品) used in food production.
7．It's cruel to kill beautiful and intelligent creatures like elephants.
8．Robert Dunn is a professor (教授) at George Washington University.
9．The blue whale (鲸) is the largest living thing on the planet.
10．We measured (测量) the difference in temperature.
维度二 词形转换
1．It was amazing (amaze) that the boy was able to solve the problem so quickly.
2．Many people are very concerned about the destruction (destroy) of the rainforests.
3．His only chance of survival (survive) is a heart transplant.
4．Eventually (eventual) your child will leave home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult.
5．Swallows begin their migration (migrate) south in autumn every year.
6．He fought the illness with courage and determination (determine)．
7．The company is still seeking a solution (solve) to its financial problems.
8．The hospital spends $1.1 million annually (annual) for its computer operations.
维度三 固定搭配和句式
1．She went to Hollywood in search of (寻找) fame and fortune.
2．Many laws have been passed to prohibit cutting down (砍伐) the trees.
3．It is a disturbing problem that many chemicals can lead to(导致) cancer.
4．As we all know, pandas feed on (以……为食) bamboos.
5．It may take a long time to find a solution to (……的方法) the problem.
6．The earlier (越早) you start, the sooner (越快) you'll be back.
PAGE
15(共15张PPT)
A鱼
关系
的定语从句
定语从句(2
关系副词 where引导的定语从句
关系副词why引导的定语从句Using language
Grammar——定语从句(2)
一、语法图解
二、语法突破
定语从句除了由关系代词引导外，还可由关系副词when, where, why引导，它们在从句中作状语。
1．关系副词when引导的定语从句
关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，如time，day，hour，year等。关系词在从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first went to the Great Wall.
我还记得我第一次去长城的那一天。
The day when we get together will come soon.
我们相聚的日子很快就会到来。
2．关系副词where引导的定语从句
关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，如place，factory，house，village等。关系词在从句中作地点状语。
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
我十年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。
He is now working in the factory where his father worked.
现在他正在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。
3．关系副词why引导的定语从句
关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason。关系词在从句中作原因状语。
The reason why he succeeded in the exam was that he studied very hard.
他考试成功的原因是他学习非常努力。
Can you tell me the reason why you didn't come to his birthday party
你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？
[名师点津] 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语，则应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则应用关系代词。
[即时演练] 用关系副词合并下列句子
①I've always longed for the days.I should be able to be independent then.
→I've always longed for the days when I should be able to be independent.
②The lab is not far from here.The chemist often does experiments there.
→The lab where the chemist often does experiments is not far from here.
③There are moments.I forget all about it then.
→There are moments when I forget all about it.
④This is the village.I was born there.
→This is the village where I was born.
1．add ...to ... 把……加到……里
(教材P54) English idioms are a way of adding colour to the language.
英语习语是一种为语言增色的方式。
(1)add to 增加；增添
add up 把……加起来
add up to 合计达
(2)in addition 另外
in addition to 除……之外
(经典佳句) These plants will add interest to your garden in winter.
这些植物在冬季会给你的花园增添胜景。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk.
②In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.
③Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.
[写美] 补全句子
④另外，我要去四川旅游，那里有很多名胜。
In addition, I will go on a trip to Sichuan, where there are a great number of places of interest.
2．source n．来源，出处；起源，根源
(教材P55)Sheep, cows and pigs have been kept at home as sources of food for around 7,000 years.
羊、牛和猪作为食物来源在家养殖已经有约7,000年的历史了。
at source 在源头，在发源地
a source of ……的来源
from all sources 从各个方面
trace to its source 追根寻源
(经典佳句)What is their main source of income
他们的主要收入来源是什么？
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Is the water polluted at source or further downstream
②They were producing more energy from all sources (source)．
[写美] 补全句子
③你们当地的图书馆将是很好的资料来源。
Your local library will be a useful source of information.
维度一 基础题型练
单句语法填空
1．The reason why she changed her mind is quite clear.
2．The days when they travelled together meant a lot to him.
3．I'd like to live in a country where there is plenty of sunshine.
4．We went through a period when communications were very difficult in the rural areas.
5．After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.
6．I didn't get a pay rise, but this wasn't the reason why I left.
7．The government building where I worked was very tall.
8．We'd like to know the reason why she didn't accept the job.
9．This is the theatre where we'll visit a well known pianist.
10．I still remember the cold night when my friend left his hometown.
维度二 语法与写作
补全句子
1．这是一个星期前他们住过的房子。
This is the house where they lived a week ago.
2．那间在大火中被毁坏的屋子已经被重新修好了。
The house which was destroyed in the terrible fire has been repaired.
3．我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。
The reason why I don't trust him is that he often tells lies.
4．我们生活在一个许多事情都可以用电脑完成的时代。
We are living in an age when many things can be done on computer.
5．毕业以后，他回到那个他长大的小镇上。
After graduation he returned to the small town where he grew up.
6．我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话的方式。
I don't like the way (that/in which) you speak to your parents.
维度三 以语段形式练习语法
用正确的关系副词填空
We are having an amazing time here in South Africa.Our accommodation is perfect.In the evening 1.when the sun sets, we go out and sit on the balcony 2.where we can watch lots of different animals come down to drink at the waterhole.I guess this is the reason 3.why this place is so popular.Next week, we are going to fly up to Zambia 4.where we will get the chance to visit the famous Victoria Falls.
PAGE
4(共44张PPT)
A鱼Developing ideas
An Encounter① with Nature
As a nature photographer②， I have to brave③ the elements.But despite④ the wind and the rain, I still enjoy working outside in the wild.[1]One of the best things about this job is that you can observe animals in their natural environment.
[1]that引导表语从句。
My favourite place to take photos is Yellowstone National Park.As the world's first national park, Yellowstone is famous for⑤ the variety⑥ of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its bears.These huge⑦， strong animals can live for 30 years.Despite a weight of up to 300 kilograms, they can run at a speed of⑧ around 64 kilometres per⑨ hour and are also excellent swimmers.
Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path⑩ that took me through a dark forest.When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking .An eagle flew over the snow capped mountains, which were reflected in the still lake below.[2]While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene ， I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye, I turned ...and froze.Only metres away from me was a bear.With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me.[3]Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first.My legs started shaking.Somehow, I forced my finger to press the button.A second later, the bear turned and ran back into the forest.When I recovered from the shock， I looked at my camera.My most but magical experience was now captured forever in a single image.
[2]while引导时间状语从句；that引导同位语从句。
[3]as引导时间状语从句；who引导宾语从句。
From time to time I look at the photo as a reminder to show to all animals.[4]It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
[4]强调句型：it is＋被强调部分＋who/that＋其他成分。
①encounter n． 意外的相遇，邂逅
②photographer n． 摄影师
③brave v． 勇敢面对
brave the elements 不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
④despite prep. 尽管，虽然
⑤be famous for 因……而著名
⑥variety n． 多样化，变化
a variety of 各种各样的
⑦huge adj. 巨大的
⑧at a speed of 以……的速度
⑨per prep. 每
⑩path n． 小径，小道
step out of 走出
view n． 风景，景色
breathtaking adj. 令人惊叹的
eagle n． 鹰
snow capped adj. 白雪皑皑的
reflect v． 映出，反映
still adj. 静止的，不动的
concentrate v． 专注，专心
concentrate on 专心于，专注于
photograph v． 拍摄
scene n． 景象
freeze v． 突然停止，呆住
stare v． 凝视，盯着看
stare at 盯着看
button n． 按钮
press the button 按按钮
recover v． (从糟糕经历中)恢复
shock n． 吃惊，震惊
magical adj. 神奇的，不可思议的
capture v． (用文字或图片)记录，捕捉
image n． 图像，影像
from time to time 有时，不时
reminder n． 引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物
show respect to 尊重，尊敬
after all 毕竟，终究
[参考译文]
一次与自然的邂逅
身为一名自然摄影师，我必须要风雨无阻地行动。尽管风吹雨淋，我仍然享受在野外工作。这项工作的好处之一是你可以观察到自然状态下的动物。
我最喜欢的拍摄地是黄石国家公园。黄石公园是世界上第一个国家公园，因其野生动物的多样性而闻名，不过其中最广为人知的可能还是那里的熊。这种动物体型庞大，健壮有力，寿命长达30年。虽然体重最高可达300公斤，它们却能以约64公里的时速奔跑，还非常擅长游泳。
去年春天，我沿着黄石公园的一条小径穿过一片昏暗的森林。当我终于走出森林，眼前的景色令人叹为观止。白雪皑皑的山峰倒映在山脚下平静的湖面上，一只鹰掠过山顶。我正聚精会神地拍摄这惊人的景观，突然感觉有什么在盯着我。我慢慢地转身，相机还端在眼前……然后我僵住了。那是一头熊，就在几米开外。它也盯着我，厚厚的棕色皮毛滴着水珠。时间凝固了，我和熊都等着看谁会先动。我的双腿开始颤抖。但我竟然还硬是按下了快门。一秒过后，那头熊转身跑回了森林。当我从震惊中回过神来，我查看了相机。这个可怕至极却又如此神奇的经历已经被永远定格在一张照片中。
我不时地会看看这张照片，提醒自己尊重所有的动物。毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。
Step One：Pre reading
1．Have you ever seen any small animals when you are travelling in the wild
Yes, I once encountered a lovely squirrel in the wild.
2．If you have such experiences, how will you react to the animals
I will try to capture the beautiful moment with my camera.
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
What is the passage mainly about
A．Working outside in the wild.
B．Photos taken in Yellowstone National Park.
C．An unforgettable experience in the wild.
D．A photo taken with a brown bear.
答案：C
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．What does the word“breathtaking”in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Frightening. B．Shocking.
C．Beautiful. D．Surprising.
2．What can we know about the author
A．The bear is his favourite animal.
B．He likes taking photos but can't bear the extreme weather.
C．He likes his job because he can observe animals in their natural environment.
D．Facing the bear, he didn't move because he was very brave.
3．How do we know about the author's getting the photo
A．The author designed the scene ahead.
B．The bear did the action for him.
C．The bear stood still before him.
D．The author got it quite by accident.
4．Which word can best describe the author's feeling then
A．Terrified. B．Excited.
C．Thankful. D．Respectful.
答案：1～4 DCDA
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am a nature photographer and have to brave the 1.elements (element)．But 2.despite the wind and the rain, I still enjoy working outside in 3.the wild.I can observe animals in their 4.natural (nature) environment.Yellowstone is famous for the 5.variety (vary) of its wildlife but is probably best known for 6.its (it) bears.Last spring I 7.followed (follow) a path through a dark forest and saw the breathtaking view.Slowly I turned and 8.froze (freeze)．Only metres away was a bear, with water 9.falling (fall) off its hair.I pressed the button of the camera with my legs shaking.A second later，the bear ran back into the forest and I got a photo of it.I realized that it is we 10.who are the visitors to their world.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．a wildlife photographer 一个野生动物摄影师
2．press a button 按了一个按钮
3．a key element 一个关键因素
4．encounter a number of difficulties 遇到许多困难
5．the garden path 花园小径
6．freeze with terror 吓呆了
7．stare at him in disbelief 疑惑地盯着他看
8．create an image on the screen 在屏幕上产生了影像
9．secret police files 警方秘密档案
10．He made a quick recovery (recover) from his illness and was soon back at work.
11．A spokesman said the changes were not in reaction (react) to the company's recent losses.
12．This is shocking news.It has shocked everyone, and everyone is shocked at the news.(shock)
13．A variety of fruits and vegetables are produced in the farm.The harvest time varies with the seasons.(vary)
14．My friend, Jonson, has his own trick of learning.In class, he has the power of concentration, that is to say, he can concentrate his mind on what the teacher is saying.And after school he will take part in sports activities with concentrated attention.(concentrate)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
photograph v．拍照＋ er→photographer n．摄影师
thinker n． 思想家
researcher n. 研究者
performer 表演者
printer n. 印刷工
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．After all (毕竟), 15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing.
2．The car runs at a speed of (以……速度) 80 miles per hour.
3．Students stepped out of (走出) the examination room with disappointed look.
4．Water companies should concentrate on (专心于) reducing waste instead of building new reservoirs.
5．Charles was at the clinic recovering from (从……中恢复) an operation on his arm.
6．Mr Smith always shows respect to (尊重) his children's opinions.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.
[句式分析] while引导时间状语从句
[佳句仿写] 我在公共汽车站等车时，对向驶过了三辆公共汽车。
While I was waiting at the bus stop, three buses went by in the opposite direction.
2．[教材原句] It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
[句式分析] 强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分
[佳句仿写] 他是在8点钟到达北京的。
It was at 8 o'clock that he arrived in Beijing.
1．variety n．[U]多样化，变化；[C]种类；品种
(教材P56) As the world's first national park, Yellowstone is famous for the variety of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its bears.
黄石公园是世界上第一个国家公园，因其野生动物的多样性而闻名，不过其中最广为人知的可能还是那里的熊。
(1)a variety of/varieties of 各种各样的
(2)vary vi. 变化，不同
vt. 改变， 变更
vary in 在……方面不同/有差异
vary with sth. 随……而变化
vary from ...to ... 由……到……情况不等
(3)various adj. 不同的；各种各样的
(经典佳句)When planning meals, you need to think about variety and taste as well as nutritional value.
计划饭菜时，你既需要考虑饭菜的营养价值，又需要考虑饭菜的花样和味道。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The goods in the supermarket vary in size, color and price.
②When Christmas comes, cards of various(variety) shapes and sizes are sold in shops.
③The research team is made up of pupils, whose ages vary from 10 to 15.
[写美] 词汇升级
④The club offers various games to the local teenagers.
→The club offers a variety of/varieties of games to the local teenagers.
[巧学助记] With the development of economy, there are a variety of goods in stores, varying from daily groceries to luxury goods, which greatly enriches people's life.In addition, the goods vary with the season in variety and quantity.
随着经济的发展，商店里有各种各样的商品，从日常杂货到奢侈品，极大地丰富了人们的生活。另外，商品的种类和数量也随着季节而有所变化。
2．concentrate v．专注，专心
(教材P57) While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.
我正聚精会神地拍摄这惊人的景观，突然感觉有什么在盯着我。
(1)concentrate on (doing) sth. 专心(做)某事
concentrate ...on/upon ... 把……专注于……
(2)concentration n. 专心，专注；关注
(经典佳句)She was concentrating on her book and his voice startled her.
她正专心看书，他的声音吓了她一跳。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①I knew that concentration (concentrate) was the first requirement for learning.
②Previous generations concentrated on getting (get) children to school on time.
③If you concentrate all your energies on the study of English, you will master the language.
[写美] 补全句子
④他最近一直在专心写自传。
He has been concentrating (his attention) on writing his autobiography recently.
[名师点津] 表示“集中精力于……”的短语还有：
concentrate attention on/upon
fix/focus one's attention/mind on/upon
be absorbed in
bury oneself in/be buried in sth.
put one's heart into
3．recover v．(从糟糕经历中)恢复
(教材P57) When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera.
当我从震惊中回过神来，我查看了相机。
(1)recover from 从……中恢复过来
recover oneself 镇定下来
(2)recovery n. 恢复；复苏；痊愈
make a recovery from 从……中恢复过来
(经典佳句)He never really recovered from the shock of his wife dying.
他还没有从妻子去世的打击中真正恢复过来。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He has now made a full recovery (recover) from his suffering.
②She seemed upset but quickly recovered herself (her)．
[写美] 一句多译
身体可能要花很长一段时间才能从伤病中痊愈。
③It may take a long time for the body to recover from an injury.(recover)
④It may take a long time for the body to make a recovery from an injury.(recovery)
4．shock n．吃惊，震惊 v．(使)震惊；震动
(1)in a state of shock 大为震惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
(经典佳句)His situation was a great shock to us all.
他的处境使我们都大为震惊。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①(2020·天津高考)Jones was shocked (shock) when she said that she didn't actually mind being cheated.
②He is still in a state of shock.
③It's shocking (shock) that they involved children in the crime.
[写美] 补全句子
④听说我们工厂将被迫关闭，我非常震惊。
I was shocked to hear that our factory would have to close.
5．reaction n．(对某一情形或事件的)反应
(教材P58) What is your opinion of the photographer's reaction he saw the bear
你如何评价摄影师看到熊时的反应？
(1)in reaction to 针对……的反应
(2)react v. 回应；抗拒；发生反应
react to 对……起反应
react against 反抗，反对
react on/upon 有影响，起作用，起化学反应
react with ... 与……发生反应
(经典佳句)What was the audience's reaction to the concert
观众对于音乐会的反应如何？
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
②Children sometimes react against the things their parents think right.
③If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my immediate reaction (react) will be to call the police.
[写美] 补全句子
④这种花能随着光源的变化改变方向。
This type of flower changes direction in reaction to the light.
[句型公式] 强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分
(教材P57) It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。
强调句型的基本结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分”。
该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调，但不能强调谓语。
(1)强调句型的一般疑问句式 ：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？
(2)强调句型的特殊疑问句式：疑问词＋is/was＋it that＋其他成分？
(3)not until的强调句式：It is/was not until ...＋ that＋其他成分
(经典佳句)It was John that/who I met in the library this morning.
今天上午我在图书馆里遇到的人是约翰。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
②It was my sister that/who helped me out when I was in trouble.
③Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry
④It was not until he came back from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry.
[写美] 补全句子
⑤就是在我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。
It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
[名师点津] 使用强调句型时需要注意以下几点：
(1)强调句型中的It本身没有意义，但不能用其他词代替。
(2)被强调部分指人时用that/who 均可，其他情况一律用that。
(3)被强调部分无论是单数还是复数，It后的be动词均用单数形式，即用is或was。用is还是was要根据原句的时态而定。属于现在或将来时间范畴的时态，用is；属于过去时间范畴的时态，用was。
(4)被强调部分如果是原句的主语，that/who之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与原句的主语保持一致。
维度一 品句填词
1．A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared (盯着看) at us.
2．The story has all the elements (要素) of a soap opera.
3．At the first encounter we talked with each other like old friends.
4．They cut out a path (小道) through the jungle.
5．If you want to play back, press the green button (按钮)．
6．At that moment, time, space and people were frozen (突然停止), and camera was the only center of attentions.
7．Above the mountain, eagles (鹰) circled in soundless flight.
8．It would be impossible to capture (记录) her beauty in a painting.
9．The files (文件) are now in a safe to which only he has the key.
10．His image seemed to be reflected many times in the mirror.
维度二 词形转换
1．She became a photographer (photograph), traveling around the world with her camera in her hand.
2．My father has made a full recovery (recover) from the operation.
3．There were some very shocking (shock) pictures of the fighting on the news last night.
4．The equipment could be used for a variety (vary) of educational purposes.
5．It was hard to follow what the teacher was saying, and eventually I lost concentration (concentrate)．
6．There has been a mixed reaction (react) to her appointment as director.
维度三 固定搭配和句式
1．Mercury travels around the sun at a speed of (以……速度) about fifty kilometers a second.
2．It was his best friend that/who (是他最好的朋友) he met at the party.
3．Life, after all (毕竟), should be something we enjoy, not endure.
4．We must concentrate our attention on (把注意力集中在) protecting the water resources.
5．He is in hospital, recovering from (恢复) a heart attack.
6．Traditional dances are performed to show respect to (尊重) the moon.
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A鱼Writing an animal fact file
[学范文·背佳句]——它山之石，可以攻玉
范文诠解 [教材原文] [名师论道]
The red crowned crane is one of the largest cranes in the world, standing at about 150 cm tall.Its feathers are as white as snow, except for some black ones on its face, neck and wings.Its unique feature, from which it gets its name, is the bright red skin on the top of its head.The red crowned crane is found in China, Russia, Mongolia, Japan and the Korean Peninsula.In China, it spends the warmer months in the rivers and wetlands in the north east.When the weather gets cold, it migrates to east central China.Its food includes fish, snails and water plants.The red crowned crane is a symbol of long life and good luck in Chinese culture. [学语言]本文主要介绍了中国的一种珍稀动物——丹顶鹤。范文介绍了丹顶鹤的外形、栖息地、迁徙行为以及在中国文化中的寓意。时态主要运用了一般现在时，人称以第三人称为主；语言上使用as ...as结构，把丹顶鹤的羽毛比喻成白雪。另外，作者运用了高级句式，如使用现在分词短语作定语，“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句等，给文章增色不少。[学结构]总体介绍(世界上最大的鹤之一)→具体介绍(外形特征、栖息地、迁徙行为、饮食习惯)→其他介绍(文化寓意)
佳句背诵 精彩开头1.The Siberian crane is also known as the snow crane.西伯利亚鹤也以雪鹤著称。2.It is about 140 cm in height, generally shorter than the red crowned crane.它身高约140厘米，一般比丹顶鹤矮。丰满主体1.Many trees are being cut down and more and more forests are lost，making animals lose their homes to live in.许多树木被砍伐，越来越多的森林消失，使得动物失去了居住的家园。2.Many fields are being turned into desert，which makes the animals living there have no place to find food to eat.许多土地正在变成沙漠，这使得生活在那里的动物没有地方找食物吃。3.Many animals are being killed so that some of them are in danger of dying out.许多动物正在被猎杀，导致有些动物濒临灭绝。余味结尾1.In a word，we must take some measures to prevent rare animals from extinction.总之，我们必须采取一些措施来防止珍稀动物灭绝。2.Finally，we should let people know the importance of protecting endangered animals.最后，我们应该让人们知道保护濒危动物的重要性。3.To protect endangered animals, measures should be taken to set up some nature reserves.为了保护珍稀动物，应该采取措施建立一些自然保护区。
[仿佳作·找差距]——巧借外力，事半功倍
[题目要求]
根据要求写一篇有关濒危动物——金丝猴的短文。
1．栖息地：中国西南部。
2．外貌：金黄色，有点灰；尾巴和身体一样长。
3．生活环境：海拔1,500－3,000米的森林。
4．生活习性：群居，吃水果、干果，在树上活动。
5．金丝猴的数量不断减少，呼吁人们保护金丝猴。
[仿写步骤]
Step 1 一仿结构布局合理
第一段：引入话题。
第二段：具体介绍金丝猴的情况。
第三段：对全文进行总结。
Step 2 二仿语言规范美观
①金丝猴是一种生活在中国西南部的珍稀濒危动物。
Golden monkey is an endangered animal that lives in south western China.
②它们的皮毛是金色的，有点灰。
Their fur is golden and a bit grey.
③它们的尾巴和身体一样长。
Their tails are as long as their bodies.
④雄性金丝猴又大又壮。
The male golden monkeys are big and strong.
⑤雌性的要小得多。
The female ones are much smaller.
⑥金丝猴生活在海拔1,500至3,000米的森林里。
Golden monkeys live in forests which are 1,500－3,000 metres above the sea level.
⑦它们喜欢群居，以水果、坚果、树叶等为食。
They like living in family groups and feed on fruits, nuts, tree leaves and so on.
⑧它们的数量越来越少。
Their number is getting smaller and smaller.
⑨我们的政府已经建立了一些自然保护区来保护它们。
Our government has built some nature reserves to protect them.
⑩我们希望越来越多的人了解保护金丝猴的重要性。
We hope more and more people will understand the importance of protecting golden monkeys.
Step 3 三仿句间过渡自然
用并列连词while连接句④和句⑤。
The male golden monkeys are big and strong while the female ones are much smaller.
Step 4 誊写
Golden monkey is an endangered animal that lives in south western China.
Their fur is golden and a bit grey.Their tails are as long as their bodies.The male golden monkeys are big and strong while the female ones are much smaller.Golden monkeys live in forests which are 1,500－3,000 metres above the sea level.They like living in family groups and feed on fruits, nuts, tree leaves and so on.But now their number is getting smaller and smaller.Fortunately，our government has built some nature reserves to protect them.
We hope more and more people will understand the importance of protecting golden monkeys.
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单元自
与提升
