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把握主题
Para. 1 Para. 2 Paras. 3-4 Para. 5 Para. 6
本文是一篇记叙文。文章
讲述了少女 Alice moore因
总体介绍Aice
讲述 Alice moore
Alice moore经过
讲述 Alice
创业成功的Aice
为吃甜食对牙齿不好,从
Moore在13岁时
创办公司的初衷
各种努力,成功
Moore对自
Moore过着正常
发明了一种保护牙
创业开办公司并
而发明了一种对牙齿无害
齿的和超级甜食并
她想制造出对牙
制造出对口腔健
己事业的
青少年的生活并的糖果并成功地开办了自
通过做慈善帮助
成功创办了公司。
齿有益的糖果
康有益的糖果
期望
别人找到微笑
己的糖果公司。Unit 1 Living well
一、背单词与词块
(一)背阅读单词——会认就行
(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)
1．hearing n． 听力；听觉
2．eyesight n. 视力
3．dictation n. 口授；听写(的文字)
4．entry n. 项目；进入；入口
5．clumsy adj. 笨拙的
6．bench n. 长凳
7．firm n. 公司
adj. 结实的；坚固的；坚定的
8．software n. 软件
9．psychology n. 心理(学)
10．psychologically adv. 心理(学)地；精神上地
11．politics n. 政治(学)
12．slavery n. 奴隶制
13．literature n. 文学(作品)；著作；文献
14．certificate n. 证书
15．architect n. 建筑师
(二)背重点单词——写对才行
1．noisy adj. 吵闹的；嘈杂的
2．outgoing adj. 外向的；友好的；外出的；离开的
3．adapt vt. 使适应；改编
4．fellow adj. 同伴的；同类的
n. 同伴；同志；伙伴
5．conduct n. 行为；品行
vt. 指挥；管理；主持
6．abolish vt. 废除；废止
7．abolition n. 废除；废止
8．resign vi.& vt. 辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)
9．companion n. 同伴；伙伴
10．graduation n. 毕业；毕业典礼
11．adequate adj. 足够的；充分的
12．handy adj. 方便的；有用的
13．dignity n. 尊严；高贵的品质
14．profit n. 收益；利润；盈利
15．community n. 社区；团体；社会
(三)背拓展单词——用准才行
1．suit v．适合 n．西服；套装→suitable adj.适合的；适宜的
2．benefit n．优势；益处 v．对……有益→beneficial adj.有益的；受益的
3．able adj.有能力的→enable v．使能够→ability n．能力→disability n．伤残；无力；无能→disabled adj.伤残的；残疾的→disable v．使丧失能力
4．ambition n．雄心；野心；夙愿→ambitious adj.有雄心的；有野心的
5．absent adj.缺席的；不在的→absence n．缺席；不在某处
6．annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼→annoyed adj.颇为生气的→annoying adj.使人烦恼的→annoyance n．烦恼
7．courage n．勇气；胆量→encourage v．鼓励；鼓舞→encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的→encouraged adj.受鼓舞的→encouragement n．鼓励；鼓舞→discourage v．阻止；使灰心
8．assist v．帮助；援助→assistance n．协助；援助→assistant n．助手
9．congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺→congratulation n．祝贺；贺词
10．access n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性→accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
11．approve v．支持；赞成；同意→disapprove v．不赞成；反对→approval n．赞成；认可
[语境活用]
1．Robert is a very ambitious man and one of his ambitions is to travel in Antarctic.(ambition)
2．For a long time, mental disability was considered shameful and the mentally disabled received little treatment or respect.(disable)
3．At the school meeting, the encouraging speech given by the headmaster made students greatly encouraged.Thanks to his encouragement, students studied harder than before.(encourage)
4．My friend's talking with full food in his mouth annoyed me.Although I am annoyed with him about his annoying habit, he can't get rid of it. (annoy)
5．Ms Li is a good assistant, whose assistance benefits us a lot, and she is assisting us in making chemical experiments in the lab now. (assist)
6．As we all know, fresh air is beneficial to our health and the new park benefits us all, so we should keep it clean.(benefit)
7．Over half of the students in our class approved of another basketball match with Class Two, but our approval was disapproved by our PE teacher.(approve)
(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行
1．adapt vt.使适应；改编
背词条用法 (1)adapt to 适应/适合……adapt (oneself) to (doing) 使……适应(做)……adapt ... to do ... 调整……以做……(2)adapt ... from ... 根据……改编……adapt ... for ... 把……改写/改编成……(3)adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本
背写作佳句 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)My classmates and I have adapted a story from our English textbook for a short play recently.我和我的同学最近把英语课本上的一个故事改编成了一个短剧。②(2018·北京高考书面表达)Taking some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt to the Chinese language environment.参加一些网络汉语口语课程会对你适应汉语的语言环境有帮助。
2．absence n．缺席；不在某处
背词条用法 (1)absence from 缺席；不在absence of mind 心不在焉in one's absence 某人不在时in the absence of 由于缺乏(2)be absent from 不参加；缺席
背写作佳句 ①In his absence, we discussed about how to improve the living conditions of workers.他不在时，我们讨论了如何改善工人的生活条件。②It was his absence of mind during driving that caused the accident. 是他开车时心不在焉造成了这起事故。
3．annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼
背词条用法 be/get annoyed with sb. 对某人感到生气be annoyed at/about sth. 因某事生气
背写作佳句 ①Don't get annoyed with your classmates and try your best to get along well with them. 不要生同学的气，要尽力和他们相处好。②I am very annoyed at your carelessness in the exam.你在考试中的粗心大意使我很生气。
4．congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺
背词条用法 (1)congratulate ... on ... 就……向……祝贺congratulate ... for ... 因……而祝贺……(2)congratulations (to sb.) on sth. 祝贺(某人)某事send/offer congratulations to sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事
背写作佳句 ①Congratulate you on receiving the second highest score in the exam. 祝贺你在考试中获得第二名。②We offer our congratulations to you on your passing the College Entrance Examination. 我们祝贺你通过了大学入学考试。
5．access n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性；(使用某物或接近某人的)机会或权利vt.存取；访问
背词条用法 (1)have/get/gain (no) access to 有(没有)……的机会；可以(无法)获取/进入/接近……(2)be accessible to可接近；可靠近；可使用
背写作佳句 ①(2020·江苏高考书面表达)Through these efforts, foreign audiences can be accessible to the incomprehensible things in China.通过这些努力，外国观众可以接触到中国难以理解的事物。②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)You can gain access to a performance opportunity in the music festival.在音乐节上，你可以获得表演的机会。
(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行
单元短语再认再现
1．in other words 换句话说
2．adapt to 适合；适应
3．cut out 切去；省略；停止(做某事)
4．out of breath 上气不接下气
5．all in all 总而言之
6．sit around 闲坐着
7．as well as 和；也
8．in many ways 在很多方面
9．make fun of 取笑
10．never mind 不必担心；没关系；不要紧
11．all the best (口语)(祝你)一切顺利
12．meet with 遇到；经历；会晤
重点短语拓展用活
1. in other words换句话说
背相关短语 word comes/came that ... 有消息传来说……in a word 总之；简言之keep one's word 遵守诺言break one's word 失信；不守诺言have a word with ... 与……谈一谈have words with ... 与……争吵
背写作佳句 ①In a word, I believe my life will be much richer and more colorful in the future.总之，我相信未来我的生活会更加丰富、更加多姿多彩。②Word came that he was awarded The Order of Republic.消息传来说他被授予共和国勋章。
2.out of breath上气不接下气
背相关短语 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸catch one's breath 喘息；屏息；喘口气lose one's breath 喘不过气来take a deep breath 深呼吸
背写作佳句 ①He became out of breath after running back to the classroom.跑回教室后他变得上气不接下气。②It's a good idea to take a deep breath when you are nervous.紧张的时候做一下深呼吸是一个不错的主意。
二、背佳句与佳作
(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”
教材内句式举一反三
1．I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.(现在分词短语作状语)
我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。
佳句① He told me the news pointing at the notice on the wall.他指着墙上的布告告诉了我这个消息。
佳句② The children ran out of the room，laughing and talking merrily. 孩子们从房间里跑出来，愉快地说笑着。
2．For disabled customers it would be more convenient to place the toilets near the entrance to the cinema.(it 作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式)
在影院入口处的附近安排厕所会让残疾人感觉更加方便。
佳句① (2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)To begin with, it would be better to arrive 20 minutes earlier, so that you can help the host prepare the dinner.首先，早到20分钟会更好，这样你可以帮助主人准备晚餐。
佳句② It is not easy for them to make money, so he always tries his best to save more money. 挣钱对他们来说是不容易的，所以他总是尽最大努力去存更多的钱。
同主题佳句熟读成诵
1．Happiness lies first of all in health.
幸福首先在于健康。
2．Therefore, we should keep calm no matter what happens in the future. Only in this way can we deal with things correctly in our life.
因此，不管将来发生什么事情我们都应该保持冷静。只有用这种方式我们才能恰当地处理生活中的问题。
3．I'm convinced that 10% of my life is what happens to me and 90% is how I react to it.
我深信，我生活的10%是发生的事情本身，90%是我对事情所采取的态度。
(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”
本辑学点——通知(一)
[题目要求]
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片Growing Together，内容包括：
1．短片内容：学校的发展；
2．放映时间、地点；
3．欢迎对短片提出意见。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[背范文]
Notice
A short English film — Growing Together will be shown this weekend. The film mainly focuses on the development of our school, which will greatly help us students know about the history and development of our school, and then inspire us to make contributions to our school. Anyone who shows interest in the film is welcome to enjoy it in the lecture hall, located on the first floor of the third teaching building. The film will last 2 hours, from 5：20 pm to 7：20 pm on Sunday afternoon. In order to get a good seat for seeing, you'd better arrive twenty minutes earlier. If you have any opinion about the film, please send emails to studentunion@. Looking forward to your valuable advice.
Student Union
[学亮点]
1．学谋篇布局
2．学亮丽开头
本文开头直接用A short English film — Growing Together will be shown this weekend.介绍通知的主题内容，直截了当，符合通知的特点。
3．学高级表达
(1)使用高级词语，如：focus on, inspire, make contributions to, show interest in, be welcome to, valuable等。
(2)准确运用高级句式，如：非限制性定语从句which will greatly help us ...；限制性定语从句who shows interest in the film；过去分词短语作定语located on the first floor of the third teaching building；动词不定式短语作目的状语In order to get a good seat for seeing等，为文章增色添彩，提升了文章的档次。
4．学精彩结尾
根据题目要求(欢迎对短片提出意见)，考生用了一个含有条件状语从句的句子If you have any opinion about the film, please ...向同学们征求意见。最后用Looking forward to your valuable advice.表达了对大家提意见的期待。
5．防微点失分
考生容易把“A short English film — Growing Together will be shown this weekend.”中的shown误用为showed，或把“Looking forward to your valuable advice.”中的advice误用成advices，从而导致失分。
学案(一) 重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识
[全面练——练清易错微点]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Members leave books on park benches (长凳) and buses, in train stations and coffee shops.
2．The chairperson conducted (主持) the meeting, which was a total failure.
3．The boy is very outgoing (外向的) and gets along well with everyone in his class.
4．I graduated from Beijing University with a degree in psychology (心理学)．
5．I will do some voluntary work for our community (社区) this summer.
6.Do you know why the new manager resigned (辞职) shortly after he was appointed
7．The three travellers on the train made good companions (伙伴)．
8．If we hadn't made adequate (足够的) preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.
9.There are four emergency exits (出口) in the department store.
10．They bought an old schoolhouse to live in and built a workshop in the basement (地下室)．
Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思
1．①You can leave your umbrella in the entry. 入口
②(熟词生义)This dictionary has over 30,000 entries. 词条
2．It's not easy walking in these clumsy shoes. 笨重的
3．He was afforded a certificate upon completion of his course of study. 证书
4．Our flat is very handy for the schools. 方便的
5．The real dignity of a man lies in what he is, not in what he has. 尊严
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.In addition, the progress in acquiring cultures contributes to broadening one's horizons, which in turn is beneficial (benefit) to one's study.
2.His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious (ambition) and serious than his earlier books.
3．What you have acted shows the position is not suitable (suit) for someone like you.In other words, you have lost the chance.
4．She had the courage and determination to rise above her physical disability (disabled)．
5．The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval (approve).
6．It has been scarcely possible for us to get together since our graduation (graduate)．
7．He needs all the support and encouragement (encourage) he can get.
8．Many people are psychologically (psychological) adjusted to constantly feeling tired, and in the short term, their bodies may be able to adjust too.
9．He devoted his life to fighting slavery (slave)．
10．The work was completed with the assistance (assist)of carpenters.
名师点拨“一站清”
(1)resign“辞职”，注意与retire“退休”的区别。
(2)exit“出口”，entrance和entry均意为“入口”。
(3)be beneficial to 对……有利，to是介词。
(4)ambition“雄心；野心”，注意其形容词形式为ambitious。
[重点练——深化高频考点]
1．adapt
[明其义]
vt.使适应；改编
[通其用]
单句语法填空
①Third culture kids may not be able to adapt themselves (they) completely to their new surroundings as expected.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation (adapt) — not to air or to food, but to the ocean.
③This new film is said to be adapted from a novel by Jane Austen.
④(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living (live) at high altitudes.
⑤(2020·浙江7月高考)For all of Bellevue's success, adaptive (adapt)signals are not a cure all for jammed roadways.
[解其困]
adapt to 中的to 为介词，后跟动词时用动名词形式。
2．absence
[明其义]
n．缺席；不在某处
[通其用]
(1)单句语法填空
①He could not account for his absence (absent) from school, so the teacher was angry.
②Dear Miss, I am writing to apologize to you for being absent from the activity of the English club on May 5th.
(2)补全句子
③Actually, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.
事实上，在没有母语环境的情况下，把英语作为一门外语来学习是非常困难的。
3．annoy
[明其义]
vt.使……不悦；惹恼
[通其用]
单句语法填空
①The boss was annoyed with him because he was often late for work this month.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Who hasn't received an email so annoying (annoy) that it ruined an entire day
③I was annoyed at/about his attitude towards the thing.
4．congratulate
[明其义]
vt.祝贺；庆贺
[通其用]
(1)单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate (congratulate) the person on the new home.
②(2019·天津高考)I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.
③I'd like to offer my congratulations (congratulate) to you on your passing the driving test.
(2)改写句子
④I am very happy that you have made great progress in learning Chinese.(用congratulations on ...改写)
→Congratulations on your making great progress in learning Chinese.
[解其困]
congratulation作“祝贺；贺词；恭贺”时常用复数形式。
5．access
[明其义]
n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性；(使用某物或接近某人的)机会或权利
vt.存取；访问
[通其用]
(1)写出下列各句中access的词性和含义
①To sum up, low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot. n.使用……的机会
②The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. n.通路
③If all this information becomes even easier to access, is there an even greater risk of distraction？ vt.访问
(2)单句语法填空/补全句子
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
⑤I think that the information should be accessible to all.
我认为这个信息应该向所有人公开。
[解其困]
be accessible to中的to是介词。
学案(二) 词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力
[词块的验收盘点]
Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空
as well as， make fun of， all in all， sit around， never mind， meet with
1．Never mind. I think you can do better next time.
2.All in all, every road leads to Rome, but I believe hard work pays off.
3．How can I sit around when there are so many things to do
4．He couldn't bear being made fun of in public like that.
5.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
6．While we met with one failure after another, our love for the cause was never changed.
名师点拨“一站清”
(1)all in all相当于 on the whole。
(2)as well as的用法：
①构成同级比较结构，意为“和……一样好”。第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词，引导一个状语从句。在否定句中可用not so well as。
②用作连词，连接两个并列的同等成分，意为“不但……而且，既……又”。
Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较
1．have a word with VS have words with
比较 He just wanted to ①have a word with his wife, but he got so angry during the conversation that they ②had words with each other.
辨清 (1)have a word with 表示“和……谈谈/说几句话”的意思。这种谈话往往是不够充分详尽的，或者说是很随便的。(2)have words with 用于贬义，表示“和……发生口角，与……争吵”的意思，相当于 quarrel with。
2．catch one's breath VS hold one's breath
比较 ①He entered the smoky house, but soon had to run back to catch his breath.②Tom lay still on the ground and held his breath when the bear came to him.
辨清 (1)catch one's breath 喘息(2)hold one's breath 屏息
Ⅲ.多义比比看——一词多义
(写出下列各句中cut out的含义)
①As for the article, you can cut out what you dislike. 省略
②He has decided to cut out smoking and drinking. 停止(做某事)
③His right arm was cut out because of the serious wound. 切去
[句式的验收盘点]
现在分词短语作状语
[通其用]
补全句子
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I speak English fluently, allowing me to communicate with visitors without difficulty.
我英语说得很流利，允许我毫无困难地与来访者交流。
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)The short film will be shown this Sunday afternoon, lasting 2 hours.
这部短片将在本周日下午放映，持续两个小时。
③Class being over, the children went home.
一放学，孩子们就回家了。
④All audience having taken their seats, the play began.
所有观众就座之后，戏剧开始了。
[解其困]
(1)现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句。
(2)一般情况下，现在或过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语；如果作状语的分词的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，分词就要带上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立结构。
(3)用现在分词还是过去分词作状语的关键，首先是要分清与逻辑主语之间的关系，是主动还是被动，其次是分清其动作和谓语动词动作的先后关系。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2019北京高考·阅读理解B篇——对接课标主题：健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度
精读真题——拓展语言能力 (语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)
[1]Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super sweet treat① that could save kids' teeth, instead of destroying them.
[2]It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of② missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning. “Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it？” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. about what a healthier candy would contain.
[3]With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
[4]Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground③. Afterwards, she and her father secured④ their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product — CanCandy.
[5]As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad⑤ smile.
[6]Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilieCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.,
①微积累——熟词生义：treat
v．对待；治疗；处理；款待
n．对待；款待 (熟义)
n．美味食物 (生义)
②微积累——表达“对……厌倦的”短语荟萃
be sick of sb./sth.对……厌倦；厌烦的
同义短语：be tired of; be fed up with; be bored with
通句式——句子(1)为主从复合句。其中that引导宾语从句，由于主句中有动词recommend，从句中应用虚拟语气(should) do；介词about后为what引导的宾语从句。
③微积累——高频短语识记
get sth. off the ground(使)顺利开始；开始发生
④微技法——根据语境猜测词义：secure
根据后文的定语从句“who finally agreed to sell Moore's product”，可知获得了与超市老板的见面机会。由此可得知secure的意思为“获得，得到”。
⑤微积累——描述“笑容”的词语：
a broad smile 灿烂的笑容
a soft smile 莞尔一笑
squeeze a smile 强颜欢笑
laugh heartily 哈哈大笑
laugh one's head off 笑掉大牙
[理脉络——内化读文规律]
解析真题——感悟素养立意
[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]
34．How did Moore react to her dad's warning
A．She argued with him.
B．She tried to find a way out.
C．She paid no attention.
D．She chose to consult dentists.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Moore听到爸爸的提醒之后就想制造出一种对牙齿无害的糖果，这样她的父母就不会禁止她吃糖了。即她尝试找到一个方法解决这个问题。
35．What is special about CanCandy
A．It is beneficial to dental health.
B．It is free of sweeteners.
C．It is sweeter than other candies.
D．It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，Moore成功地生产出一种只使用天然的增甜剂(only using natural sweeteners)，且能够减少口腔细菌的糖果，这与A项“它对牙齿健康有益”吻合。
36．What does Moore expect from her business
A．To earn more money.
B．To help others find smiles.
C．To make herself stand out.
D．To beat other candy companies.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句和最后一段内容可知，Moore想用自己独特的天赋帮助别人找到微笑(to help others find their smiles)，故选B。
37．What can we learn from Alice Moore's story
A．Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B．A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C．Positive thinking and action result in success.
D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
解析：选C 推理判断题。阅读全文可知，Moore在父亲提醒她吃甜食对牙齿不好后，就积极地思考并行动，成功地制造出了一种不伤害牙齿的糖果，由此可推知C项正确。
[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]
一、发展思维品质
文中第34题主要考查学生的批判性思维。一些考生由于缺乏批判性思维，凭惯性思维想当然地认为面对父亲“糖果对牙齿有害”的警告，爱丽丝会和父亲争吵等而错选其他选项，从而掉入命题人故意设置的陷阱。而实际上，爱丽丝面对父亲的警告，没有与其争吵也没有置之不理，而是反其道而行，积极行动，解决“糖果对牙齿有害”这一问题，进而达到继续享用糖果的目的，故本题选B项。考生要在平时学习中注意批判性思维的锻炼。
二、聚焦核心价值
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了少女Alice Moore因为吃甜食对牙齿不好，从而发明了一种对牙齿有益的糖果并成功地开办了自己的糖果公司，自己也过上了健康的生活方式，旨在传递给学生健康生活方面的知识。如今，越来越多的人意识到健康的生活方式的重要性。“步行上班”“积极健身”“素食主义”等，这些都体现出人们开始领悟并践行健康的生活方式，这样我们才会真正获得并保持健康，生活才会变得精彩而有意义。
借力真题——发掘学习能力
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The big earthquake destroyed (destroy) the villages.
2．So far, just over 20 countries around the world have introduced a tax on sugary (sugar) drinks.
3．Passengers are reminded (remind) that smoking is not allowed on the train.
4．The topic of the movie is to tell people to be positive about life no matter what happens.
5．The boy showed great courage and determination (determine) in face of danger.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．Tom may be sick of (对……厌倦) watching TV now, for he seldom talks about the TV programs.
2．It is strongly recommended that the machines (should) be checked (检查) every year.
3．At last, our hard work paid off. Our business got off the ground (顺利开始)．
Ⅲ.分析长难句
By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super sweet treat that could save kids' teeth, instead of destroying them.
[句式解构] 本句是一个含有一个时间状语从句和一个定语从句的主从复合句。句子的主干是“her company was worth millions of dollars”。其中by the time 引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a super sweet treat; “instead of destroying them”也是状语。
[句意翻译] 到她13岁时，她的公司因超级甜点而价值数百万美元，这种甜点能保护孩子们的牙齿而不是破坏它们。
Ⅳ.主题语境写作
假定你是李华，你准备参加学校举办的主题为“健康成长”的英语作文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文，内容包括：
1．乐观的人生态度；
2．努力学习；
3．进行体育锻炼。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
We all want to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal we must do several things.
To begin with, we should keep in mind that life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times. We should be brave in front of difficulties. Besides, we must study hard because knowledge is power. Only if we have the power can we help to build our country and enjoy life better.As for health, we need to do sports so that we can keep fit.
If we do those things well, we will surely grow up happily and healthily.
课下主题训练健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度
一、主题语基拓展练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①positive □ ②determined □
③independent □ ④optimistic □
⑤generous □ ⑥diligent □
⑦confident □ ⑧devoted □
⑨educated □ ⑩entertainment □
worried □ indifferent □
pessimism □ depressed □
gloomy □ pessimistic □
negative □ unconcerned □
artificial □ cautious □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
artificial，unconcerned，negative，pessimistic，gloomy，pessimism， indifferent， confident， diligent， optimistic
1．Someone who is optimistic is hopeful about the future or the success of something in particular.
2．It's no accident that diligent people are more likely to succeed.
3．I am confident that everything will come out right in time.
4．He seems unconcerned, but nothing escapes his attention.
5．Pessimism is the belief that bad things are going to happen.
6．The gloomy weather shows no sign of improving.
7．On your second question, I think you're too pessimistic. We should be optimistic about it.
8．When asked for your views about your current job, on no account must you be negative about it.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Parents are positively (positive) encouraged to come into the school.
2．The girl I chose was not only charming, but very determined(determine)．
3．She has contributed generously (generous) to the Red Cross in the last few years.
4．Indeed, I knew how devoted (devote) my father was to his patients.
5．What worried (worry) him most was their not going there.
6．Until the 18th century Scotland was an independent (independence) country, with a parliament of its own.
7．She's been very depressed (depress) and upset about this whole situation.
8．It was his custom to approach every problem cautiously(cautious)．
9．There are few entertainments (entertain) in that town at that time.
10．People live longer nowadays, and they are better educated(educate)．
二、主题语篇押题练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Since the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer. That ambition nearly ended one night in 2010. Hill, then a 17 year old high school senior in Pacific Grove, California, was in a car accident that left her paralyzed from the waist down. For most people, that would have dashed any hope of a dancing career. For Hill, it was the beginning. “I wanted to prove to my community — and to myself — that I was still‘normal’，”she told Teen Vogue.“Whatever normal meant.”
Normal for her meant dancing, so Hill did it in the wheelchair right alongside her non disabled high school dance team. “It definitely took a lot of learning and practice，” Hill told Today.
After graduation, Hill wanted to expand her dance network to include women like her. She met people online who had suffered various injuries but shared her determination, and she invited them to dance with her.
Hoping to reach more people in a larger city, Hill moved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed a team of dancers with disabilities she calls the Rollettes, “I want to break down the stereotype of wheelchair users and show that dance is dance, whether you're walking or you're rolling，” she told CBS News. Dancing on wheels, the Rollettes discovered, can be just as fast paced, artful, and fulfilling as the foot based variety. They're having fun, and the fun is touching.
Hill has attained what many of us never will：her childhood dream. But the Rollettes have helped her find something else just as fulfilling. Every year she holds a dance camp for wheelchair users of all ages and abilities with an eye to helping them find their inner Ginger Rogers or Julianne Hough.
The dancers aren't the only ones feeling inspired. One woman saw a YouTube video of the team competing and commented, “You guys are so awesome! To be in a wheelchair and still be so beautiful makes me know I can be beautiful too! Thank you！”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了因遭遇意外而下半身瘫痪的女孩Chelsie Hill身残志坚、乐观向上，坚持追求舞蹈梦想，并且通过自己的行动影响更多残疾人的励志故事。
1．What can we learn about Chelsie Hill
A．She was born with disability.
B．She experienced a car accident in 2014.
C．She dreamed to be a dancer since childhood.
D．Her dancing career stopped when she was 17.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Chelsie Hill自幼就梦想成为一名舞蹈家。故选C。
2．How did Chelsie Hill prove herself to be normal
A．By graduating with honor.
B．By dancing in a wheel chair.
C．By refusing to use a wheelchair.
D．By starting a high school dance team.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，她通过坐在轮椅上跳舞以证明她是正常的。故选B。
3．Why did Chelsie Hill start Rollettes
A．To satisfy her own ambition.
B．To better understand achievement.
C．To accomplish both success and fame.
D．To inspire more disabled women to dance.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句及最后一段第二、三句可推知，她组建此舞蹈队是为了鼓励更多的残疾女性来跳舞。故选D。
4．What's the best title of the passage
A．Chase Your Dreams — Even in a Wheelchair
B．Form a Dance Team — a Big Bonus
C．Become a Dancer — a Challenging Dream
D．Dance on Wheels — a New Trend
解析：选A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述了主人公Chelsie Hill因遭遇意外而下半身瘫痪却身残志坚、乐观向上，坚持追求舞蹈梦想，并且通过自己的行动影响更多残疾人的励志故事。A项“追逐你的梦想——即使在轮椅上”符合文章主旨，适合作本文的标题。故选A。
B
My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk normally — but would never run very well. The first three years of his life were spent in surgery, casts and braces. By the time he was eight, you wouldn't know he had a problem when you saw him walk.
The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during play, and Joey would jump right in and run and play, too. We never told him that he probably wouldn't be able to run as well as the other children, so he didn't know.
In seventh grade he decided to go out for the cross country team. Every day he trained with the team. He worked harder and ran more than any of the others — perhaps he sensed that the abilities that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him. Although the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential to score points for the school. We didn't tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn't know.
He continued to run four to five miles a day, every day — even the day he had a 39 degree fever. I was worried, so I went to look for him after school. I found him running all alone. When I asked him how he felt, he simply replied “OK”. He had two more miles to go. The sweat ran down his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept running. We never told him he couldn't run four miles with a 39 degree fever, so he didn't know.
Two weeks later, the names of the team runners were called. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he shouldn't expect to make the team. We never told him he couldn't do it, so he didn't know. He just made it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者的儿子Joey生来双脚畸形，经过治疗，医生认为他像常人一样跑步的可能性微乎其微。然而，他一直不知道自己的病情，经过不断努力，他最终恢复到了正常状态。
5．According to the passage, we can describe Joey as a/an person.
A．ambitious B．determined
C．independent D．courageous
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章内容尤其是第四段第一句可推知，Joey是一个有决心的人。故选B。
6．The author repeats the sentence “so he didn't know” in order to .
A．criticize the ignorance of Joey
B．impress the readers with Joey's optimism
C．show the over protection of Joey's parents
D．emphasize the unlimited potential of human beings
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句、第三段最后一句、第四段最后一句及最后一段最后两句可知，Joey做到了那些他不能做的事情。由此可推知，作者重复这句话是为了强调人的无限潜能。故选D。
7．Which of the following proverbs is best conveyed in the story
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Rome was not built in a day.
C．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
D．The longest journey begins with the first step.
解析：选C 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要叙述了作者的儿子Joey生来双脚畸形，经过治疗，医生认为他像常人一样跑步的可能性微乎其微。然而，他一直不知道自己的病情，经过努力，他恢复到了正常状态。由此可推知，本文传达了“功夫不负有心人”的精神。故选C。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Stress occurs when you feel the demands placed on you — such as work, school or relationships — are beyond your ability. 1 However, untreated long term stress can result in serious health conditions including anxiety, insomnia, muscle pain, high blood pressure and a weakened immune system. 2 Everyone is different, and so are the ways they choose to manage their stress. Some people prefer pursuing hobbies such as gardening, playing music and creating arts, while others find relief in more solitary (独自的) activities: meditation, yoga and walking. 3
Do some exercise. The research keeps growing — exercise benefits your mind just as well as your body. We keep hearing about the long term benefits of a regular exercise routine. But even a 20 minute walk, run, swim or dance session in the midst of a stressful time can give an immediate effect that can last for several hours.
4 It may seem difficult to get away from a big work project, a crying baby or a growing credit card bill. But when you give yourself permission to stay away from it, you let yourself have time to do something else, which can help you have a new perspective or practice techniques to feel less overwhelmed. It's important not to avoid your stress (those bills have to be paid sometime)，but even just 20 minutes to take care of yourself is helpful.
Smile and laugh. Our brains are interconnected with our emotions and facial expressions. When people are stressed, they often hold a lot of stress in their face. So laughs or smiles can help relieve some of that tension and improve the situation.
Try meditation. Meditation helps the mind and body to relax and focus. Mindfulness can help people see new perspectives, develop self compassion and forgiveness. Research has shown that even meditating briefly can bring immediate benefits. 5
A．Take a break from the stressor.
B．Get some social support from whatever sources you can access.
C．Too much stress can affect body systems and cause mental problems.
D．Here are four healthy techniques that may help reduce stress in the short and long term.
E．But by finding positive, healthy ways, many of these negative health consequences can be reduced.
F．When practicing mindfulness, people can release emotions contributing to the body physical stress.
G．Some stress can be beneficial at times, producing a boost that helps people get through tough situations.
语篇解读：本文介绍了几种缓解压力的方法。
1．选G 根据空后一句中的“However”可知，空处与后一句构成转折关系；由于空后一句讲的是长期的压力对健康的危害，故空处应讲的是压力的好处。故选G。
2．选E 空前一句讲的是压力的危害，空后一句讲的是不同的人有不同的缓解压力的方法，故空处应是说通过一定的方法可以减轻有害的健康后果。故选E。
3．选D 根据下文的内容可知，下文讲述的是缓解压力的四种方法，故D项符合语境，承上启下。
4．选A 根据该段的内容尤其是该段中的“stay away from it”以及“just 20 minutes to take care of yourself is helpful”可知，本段讲的是需要暂时将产生压力的事情放置一边，花点时间去放松休息。故选A。
5．选F 根据上文中的“Mindfulness can help people ... and forgiveness”以及“meditating briefly can bring immediate benefits”可知，本段讲述的是冥想对缓解压力的作用，这与F项中的“practicing mindfulness”联系密切。故选F。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Positive thinking does not mean you have to find every idea absolutely wonderful.It does mean you have to be ready to explore 1 idea and to try and bring out whatever good features it has. The next step might be to find the 2 (weak) in the idea and to try and strengthen them, rather than use them 3 (simple) as an excuse for rejecting the whole idea.Finally, the idea, after it 4 (explore), may not be used because there is a 5 (good) one or because, good 6 it is, it is not suitable. There is 7 (something) wrong with being positive about an idea at first and then 8 (reject) it later, when you see that it won't work.
It is easy to be negative and critical and too much talent is wasted in negative thinking.It is time that we 9 (show) less respect for this kind of destructive thinking and focused 10 positive thinking more.So remember to think positively.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者告诉读者对待事情要多一些积极的、正面的思考，少一些消极的、负面的思考。
1．an 考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且idea的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。
2．weaknesses 考查名词。设空处作find的宾语，应填名词；再根据后文的them可知设空处填名词复数形式，故填weaknesses。
3．simply 考查副词。设空处修饰动词use，需用副词，所以填simply。
4．has been explored 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处表示的explore这一动作已经完成，需用现在完成时；It为单数且与explore之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；综上所述，设空处填has been explored。
5．better 考查形容词的比较级。设空处表示“更好的”，需用比较级形式，所以填better。
6．as/though 考查连词。“形容词＋as或though＋主语＋谓语”相当于although引导的让步状语从句，故填as/though。
7．nothing 考查代词。“There is nothing wrong with ...”为固定句型，意为“……没有毛病，……无可厚非”。
8．rejecting 考查非谓语动词。设空处与being ...并列作介词with的宾语，由此可推知设空处需填动名词形式，故填rejecting。
9．showed 考查虚拟语气。在“It is (high) time＋that从句”句型中，that从句的谓语动词要用过去时或“should＋动词原形”，由后文的focused可知应填showed。
10．on 考查介词。focus on为固定短语，意为“关注”。
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25(共72张PPT)
把握主题
Para1:研发背景→ Paras.23:介绍功能和技术原理Para.4:介绍市场预期
本文是一篇说明文。来自佐治亚理工
学院的研究人员发明了一种智能键盘,
①数据和身份盜窃普遍引出智能键盘∶第三段第一句中的also智能键盘的技
②生物测量技术普遍价并介绍这一发一词,暗示出第三段与术检验及市场
可以通过分析用户的打字模式进行身
格昂贵
明的技术原理。第二段的内容是一致的。预期。
份识别。Unit 2 Robots
一、背单词与词块
(一)背阅读单词——会认就行
(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)
1．fiction n． 小说；虚构或想象出来的事
2．overweight adj. 超重的；体重超常的
3．bedding n. 寝具；铺盖
4．affair n. 事务；事情；暧昧关系
5．cuisine n. 烹饪(风味)；菜肴
6．grand adj. 大的；豪华的；雄伟的
7．biography n. (由他人撰写的)传记；传记文学
8．holy adj. 神的；上帝的；圣洁的
9．imagination n. 想象(力)；创造力；幻想物
10．navy n. 海军；海军部队
11．biochemistry n. 生物化学
12．chapter n. (书中的)章；篇；回
13．theoretical adj. 理论(上)的；假设的
14．framework n. 框架；结构
15．thinking n. 思想；思考
(二)背重点单词——写对才行
1．desire n. 渴望；欲望；渴求
vt. 希望得到；想要
2．bonus n. 额外津贴；奖金；红利
3．sympathy n. 同情(心)
4．elegant adj. 优雅的；高雅的；讲究的
5．pile n. 堆；摞；叠
vi. 堆起；堆积
vt. 把……堆起；积聚
6．scan vt. 细看；仔细检查；粗略地看；浏览；扫描
7．absurd adj. 荒谬的；可笑的
8．awful adj. 极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；(口语)糟透的
9．envy vt. 忌妒；羡慕
10．affection n. 喜爱；爱；感情
11．bound adj. 一定的；密切相关的
12．part time adj. 兼职的
13．staff n. 全体员工；手杖
14．junior adj. 较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的
n. 年少者；晚辈；等级较低者
15．divorce n. 离婚；断绝关系
vt. 与……离婚；与……脱离
(三)背拓展单词——用准才行
1．satisfy vt.使满足；使满意→satisfaction n．满意；满足；令人满意的事物→satisfying adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满意的
2．alarm vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动n.警报；惊恐→alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的→alarming adj.使人害怕的；令人担忧的
3．favour n．喜爱；恩惠；帮忙vt.喜爱；偏袒→favourable adj.赞成的；有利的→favourite adj.最喜爱的
4．company n．陪伴；伴随→accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏→companion n．伙伴；伴侣；同伴
5．declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称→declaration n．宣言；公告
6．talent n．天才；天赋；特殊能力；才干→talented adj.有才能的
7．obey vt.& vi.服从；顺从→disobey vt.& vi.不服从；违抗
8．assess vt.评价；评定；估价；估计→assessment n．评价；评定
[语境活用]
1．The old blind man asked me to do him a favour to find his favourite book.(favour)
2．The teacher is satisfied with our satisfying performance in class, which can be seen from her satisfied expression on her face.She praises us with satisfaction.(satisfy)
3．I was sleeping soundly in the morning when a telephone alarmed me awake. I was even alarmed to hear the alarming news that another earthquake happened.(alarm)
4．It's declared that both sides agree to stop fire. They must obey the declaration forever.(declare)
5．Everybody said Jane was a talented girl because she did well in all her subjects and had a talent for singing, dancing and drawing.(talent)
(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行
1．desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要
背词条用法 (1)have a strong desire meet/satisfy one's desire 满足某人的愿望(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事desire that ... (should) do sth. 希望……做某事
背写作佳句 ①The Chinese government always tries her best to satisfy people's desire for peace and a happy life.中国政府始终致力于满足人民对和平与幸福生活的渴望。②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I desire you to give us some advice on how to improve it.我希望你能就如何改进它给我们一些建议。
2.alarm vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 n．警报；惊恐
背词条用法 (1)in alarm 惊恐地raise the alarm 报警(2)be alarmed at/by 对……惊恐/担心be/get alarmed about 对……大惊小怪
背写作佳句 ①She was alarmed at the prospect of travelling alone.她一想到独自旅行的情景就害怕。②His family raised the alarm when he had not come home by 9 pm.当他到晚上9点还没回家时，他的家人报了警。
3．favour n．喜爱；恩惠；帮忙；偏爱；支持 vt.喜爱；偏袒
背词条用法 (1)ask sb.a favour 请某人帮忙 帮某人一个忙(2)in favour of 同意；支持；赞成in one's favour 对某人有利
背写作佳句 ①With the development of society, more and more people are in favour of practical gifts.随着社会的发展，越来越多的人喜欢实用的礼物。②My friend Lucy is leaving.I will do her a favour and drive her to the airport.我的朋友露西将要离开。我将帮她一个忙，开车送她去机场。
4．accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有
背词条用法 (1)accompany sb. to someplace 陪伴/陪同某人到某地(2)accompany sb. at/on sth. 用某物为某人伴奏accompanied by/with ... 伴随……发生(3)keep pany 陪伴某人in the company of sb. 在某人的陪伴/陪同下
背写作佳句 ①Last year, he accompanied his boss to African countries.去年，他陪同老板去了非洲国家。②(2018·浙江6月高考写作)During summer vacation, I worked part time in a travel agency and kept some foreign tourists company, which helped me accumulate relevant experience.在暑假，我在一家旅行社从事兼职，陪同一些外国游客，这帮助我积累了相关经验。
5．declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称
背词条用法 declare for/against 声明赞成/反对declare war on/against 向……宣战declare ... to be/as ... 宣布……为/是……declare that ... 宣告；宣称
背写作佳句 ①The painting was declared to be a forgery.这幅画被判定为赝品。②Many successful men declare that they owe their success to their good habits.很多成功人士宣称，他们的成功归功于他们良好的习惯。
(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行
单元短语再认再现
1．test out 考验出；检验完
2．ring up 给……打电话
3．in favour of 支持；赞成
4．or rather 更确切地说
5．set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)
6．in all 一共；总计
7．be bound to 一定做……
8．reach for 伸手去够
9．turn around 转身；翻转
10．leave ...alone 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起
11．show sympathy for 对……表示同情
12．junior to 比……年轻
重点短语拓展用活
1. leave ... alone不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起
背相关短语 leave aside (把某事)暂时搁置一边leave behind 遗留；把……抛在后面leave for ... 动身前往……leave out 省略；遗漏；冷落leave off 终止；中断
背写作佳句 ① If it's true, don't leave me all alone out here.如果这是真实的，请不要把我一个人独自留下。②I wonder why they left aside such an important question.我想知道他们为什么不考虑如此重要的一个问题。③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达) Don't worry! We Chinese are friendly and you won't feel left out.不要担心，我们中国人都很友好，你不会感到被冷落的。
2．set aside将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑
背相关短语 set off 动身；出发；引爆；引发set up 建立；引起set down 写下；放下set out (to do sth.) 出发；开始(做某事)set about (doing sth.) 着手(做某事)
背写作佳句 ①(2020·浙江1月高考写作)I sincerely hope you can set aside some time for the Chinese Speech Contest.我真诚地希望你能抽出一些时间来参加这次中文演讲比赛。②He will set down all his important thoughts in his diary when they are fresh in his mind.当重要的想法在他脑海中还新鲜时，他会把它们记在日记里。
二、背佳句与佳作
(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”
教材内句式举一反三
1．It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.(it作形式主语的主语从句)
他看起来如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。
佳句① (2018·江苏高考书面表达)There is no doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption.毫无疑问，在消费上，完全依赖排名是不明智的。
佳句② It is exciting that he has won the first prize in the English contest.他在英语竞赛中获得了一等奖，真让人感到兴奋。
2．As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.(地点副词位于句首时引起的完全倒装)
她刚一转过身来，就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。
佳句① (2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)There lies a vast farm, where we saw many oranges hanging from the branches.有一个很大的农场，在那儿我们看到许多橙子挂在树枝上。
佳句② The door opened and in rushed the audience.门开了，观众们涌了进来。
3．What a sweet victory to be envied by those women! (what感叹句式)
受到那些女士的忌妒，这该是多么甜美的胜利！
佳句① (2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)What an unforgettable and meaningful day it was！它是多么难忘又有意义的一天呀！
佳句② (2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)What a kind and responsible teacher he is！他是一位多么善良和负责任的老师啊！
同主题佳句熟读成诵
1．With the development of science and technology, more and more scientific inventions are being made, which brings great convenience to our daily life.
随着科技的发展，出现了越来越多的科学发明，这给我们的日常生活带来了巨大的便利。
2．In the near future, more advances in the robot technology will be made by science.
在不久的将来，科学将使机器人技术更上一层楼。
3．In conclusion, I believe the development of technology brings a significant impact on our life.
总之，我相信科技的发展会给我们的生活带来重大的影响。
(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”
本辑学点——通知(二)
[题目要求]
为弘扬中国传统文化，你校学生会(Student Union)将举办一场诗歌朗诵大赛，邀请学校国际部学生参加。请你根据提示写一则通知，内容包括：
1．大赛的目的；
2．大赛的时间、地点；
3．朗诵内容：唐诗宋词(poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties)。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使内容连贯。
[背范文]
Notice
Aiming to promote the traditional Chinese culture, the Student Union is to hold a poetry recitation contest.
There is no doubt that reading poetry helps cultivate the appreciation of ancient literature. As scheduled, the contest is supposed to launch on the second Saturday next month in the school lecture hall. Students from the international department are expected to take part. Additionally, it is recommended that you should prepare poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties. Not only can the contest help form the habit of reading classic works but also it can arouse the interest in the traditional Chinese literature.
Hopefully, you will benefit a lot and be immersed in the world of fascinating poetry. Your participation will surely make a difference.
Student Union
[学亮点]
1．学高级表达
(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：aim to do, there is no doubt that, schedule, be supposed to, arouse the interest in, be immersed in, make a difference等。
(2)准确运用复杂句式结构，如：现在分词短语作状语Aiming to promote ...；状语从句的省略As scheduled；it作形式主语it is recommended that ...；倒装句Not only can the contest help form the habit of ...等，体现了考生过硬的语言功底与灵活的语言运用能力。
2．学精彩结尾
结尾先用Hopefully表达了对大家参加大赛获得收获的希望。然后用Your participation will surly make a difference.表示对大家参赛的欢迎。
3．学过渡衔接
考生恰当使用了as, additionally, not only ...but also ..., hopefully等衔接词使文章富有条理性，语意连贯，上下文衔接自然。
4．防微点失分
考生容易把“Aiming to promote the traditional Chinese culture ...”中的Aiming错误地表达为Aimed，或在“Students from the international department are expected to take part.”中的take part后误加一个介词in，从而导致失分。
学案(一) 重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识
[全面练——练清易错微点]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Most teenagers like reading science fictions (小说)．
2．Tom began to sweep the pieces of glass up into a pile (堆)．
3．It is absurd (荒谬的) that they should deny my request.
4．She and her sister were collecting materials for the biography (传记) of their father.
5．She has a part time (兼职的) job at the hotel reception desk.
6．The staff (员工) are not happy about the new arrangement.
7．Of the two clerks, he is the junior (职务较低者)．
8．The School Art Festival has set up a stage where students can show their talents (才华)．
9．This marriage ended in divorce (离婚) last year.
10．We further discuss the question later in this chapter (篇；章)．
Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思
1．①Did you get your Christmas bonus？ 奖金
②(熟词生义)If it also works, that is an added bonus. 意外的收获
2．I like my clothes to be simple but elegant. 雅致的
3．It is absurd to go out in such terrible weather. 荒谬的
4．Envy has always been the shadow of success. 嫉妒
5．Don't waste your affection on him, he'll never love you. 感情
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．It is a great satisfaction (satisfy) to know the hero finally awoke.
2.If you had obeyed (obey) the order, the disaster could not have happened.
3．He was right in his assessment (assess) and wrong in his prediction.
4.The new policy, if strictly operated, is bound to benefit (benefit) lots of low income families.
5.All the staff in our company are (be) considering going to the city centre for the fashion show.
6．It's impolite to be interested in others' affairs (affair)．
7.At present, I am envying (envy) you for what you did.You are so clever.
8．All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (sympathize) rose up in my heart.
名师点拨“一站清”
(1)虚拟语气中，主句用could＋have done，是表示对过去的虚拟，故从句也是对过去的虚拟，用had done。
(2)be bound to do sth.“一定做某事”。
(3)staff作主语，表示个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
(4)时间状语at present表示“当前，现在”，要用现在进行时。
[重点练——深化高频考点]
1．desire
[明其义]
n．渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要
[通其用]
单句语法填空
①(2020·天津7月高考)We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires (desire) only the calm and restful average.
②(2019·天津高考)Reading satisfies my desire to keep(keep) learning.
③(2017·天津高考)We all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.
④The teacher desired that all the exercises (should) be handed (hand) in before school was over.
[解其困]
desire不用于进行时态。后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。此外，含desire的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。
2．alarm
[明其义]
vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动n.警报；惊恐
[通其用]
(1)单句语法填空
①On hearing the scream, he jumped up in alarm.
②She took a sip from her drink, trying not to appear alarmed (alarm)．
③The firemen were alarmed at/by the big fire they had never seen before.
(2)升级句子
④I was on my way to the bookstore when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, and it frightened me a lot.(用alarmed和which引导的非限制性定语从句升级句子)
→I was on my way to the bookstore when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which made me alarmed a lot/which alarmed me a lot.
3．favour
[明其义]
n．喜爱；恩惠；帮忙；偏爱；支持vt.喜爱；偏袒
[通其用]
单句语法填空
①(2020·天津5月高考)A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle aged in this city were in favour of the proposal for health care reform.
②Do me a favour and turn the radio down while I am on the phone, will you
③(2019·江苏高考)Favourable (favour) policies are in effect to encourage employees' professional development.
④Then we voted for the monitor. The result was 28 to 15 in Wang Hong's favour.
4.accompany
[明其义]
vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有
[通其用]
(1)单句语法填空
①I don't think it's necessary for parents to accompany their children to college.
②While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her at/on the piano.
③With nobody accompanying (accompany) her during the festival, the old lady felt lonely.
(2)选词填空(company/companion)
We became ④companions in misfortune. Whenever we get into trouble, he always keeps me ⑤company.
[解其困]
(1)accompany为动词，company除了作动词还可以作为名词使用。
(2)accompany多指主动陪伴，company常指被动伴随，常作keep, bear等的宾语补足语。
5．declare
[明其义]
vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称
[通其用]
(1)单句语法填空
①The chairman declared (declare) the meeting open at 8：00 this morning.
②The day after the Pear Harbour Incident, US President Franklin Roosevelt declared war on/against Japan.
(2)补全句子
③They declared against building a new bridge because it would cost a lot of money.
他们声明反对建一座新桥，因为那会花很多钱。
④She declared that the theory was right.
她宣称这一理论是正确的。
学案(二) 词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力
[词块的验收盘点]
Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空
ring up， in all， turn around， show sympathy for， in favour of，test out， junior to， declare ...as， be bound to， or rather
1．On arriving at the airport, he rang up his mother to say everything was OK.
2．He turned around as he heard a noise behind him.
3．There are 32 boys and 26 girls in our class in all.
4．Only one third of the people present at the meeting voted in favour of the new law.
5.My daughter showed sympathy for the people who were begging from the passing shoppers.
6．With only two minutes to go, the score is three to one.So the host team is bound to win the game.
7．They usually have the medicine tested out before putting into the market.
8.The president was so young that he was junior to some of his employees.
9.The building is like a palace, or rather a temple.
10．In the background of protecting the national culture heritage, local government begins to declare them as non material cultural heritage.
名师点拨“一站清”
(1)show sympathy for 对……表示同情
(2)junior to 比……年轻
(3)“or”相关短语全接触
①or rather 更确切地说
②or else 否则；要不然
③or so 大约；上下
④either ... or ... 要么……要么……
Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较
1. leave ... alone VS leave behind
比较 ①She's asked to be left alone but the press photographers follow her everywhere.②The United Nations estimates that more than 900 million people move away for work, often leaving their children behind.
辨清 (1)leave ... alone不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起(2)leave behind留下；遗留；忘记
2．set about VS set out
比较 ①He has achieved what he set out to do three years ago.②On arriving there, they set about doing the experiment.
辨清 (1)set out 有“出发， 开始”的意思，常用短语是：set out to do。(2)set about 表示“着手(干)某事”，常用的短语是：set about doing sth.或者是set about sth.。
Ⅲ.多义比比看——一词多义
1．写出下列各句中while的含义
①Men tended to be violent while women acted in the opposite way. 然而
②While I was working for a wedding, a pearl necklace disappeared. 当……时
③She worked in a bank for a while before studying law. 一会儿
④While those seeds are expensive, the companies tell farmers that they will make good profits. 虽然
2．写出下列各句中set aside的含义
①After the experiment, please set the chemicals and tools aside. 将……放在一边
②I try to set aside a few minutes each day to help my mother do the housework, though I am very busy. 为……留出时间
③(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. 为……节省钱
[句式的验收盘点]
地点副词位于句首时引起的完全倒装
[通其用]
1．单句语法填空
①The moment the bell rang, out rushed (rush) the children.
②The Public Square is an eye catching sight of the city.There stands (stand) a stone sculpture of a famous historical figure.
③Present at the conference were (be) experts from all over the world yesterday.
④Buried in the earth was (be) a jar with lots of ancient coins in it.
2．补全句子
⑤(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)There will be a wide variety of activities to mark this unforgettable occasion.
将有各式各样的活动来纪念这个难忘的时刻。
⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings.
锻炼有很多好处，尤其是在早上。
[解其困]
(1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, out等置于句首，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词时，句子需用完全倒装。此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。
(2)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为：分词/副词/形容词/介词短语＋be＋主语。
(3)当主语是人称代词时，不用完全倒装语序。如：
In he came and the lesson began.
(4)there be句型中的there还可以接表示“存在”的动词，如live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等。句型结构为：there＋存在类动词＋主语。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2019全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解C篇——对接课标主题：
科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全
精读真题——拓展语言能力 (语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)
[1]As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologies — like fingerprint scans — to keep others out of private e spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
[2]Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low cost device (装置) that gets around① this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension②， whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to — regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
[3]It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
[4]In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic like parts. The team hopes to make it③ to market in the near future.,
［析微点·厚积语言基础］
①微积累——熟词生义：get around/round
(消息)传开；到处走走 (熟义)
解决；克服 (生义)
同义表达：deal with; overcome
②微积累——重难点词汇
extension n．延伸；扩展
词源：extend v．使延伸；扩展
by extension引申；再则
通句式——句子(1)中过去分词短语“collected from the device”作后置定语修饰data；“based on ...low error rates”为过去分词短语作状语。
③微积累——高频短语识记
make it获得成功；准时到达；能够出席或到场
[理脉络——内化读文规律]
解析真题——感悟素养立意
[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]
28．Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard
A．To reduce pressure on keys.
B．To improve accuracy in typing.
C．To replace the password system.
D．To cut the cost of e space protection.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，现有的生物测量技术价格昂贵；根据第二段的第一句可知，研究人员研发这种智能键盘是为了降低电子空间保护的费用，故选D项。
29．What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible
A．Computers are much easier to operate.
B．Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C．Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D．Data security measures are guaranteed.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities”可知，智能键盘能够准确地测量人们打字的节奏和力度，而这种模式因人而异，因此，智能键盘可以通过分析用户的打字模式进行身份识别，故选C项。
30．What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard
A．It'll be environment friendly.
B．It'll reach consumers soon.
C．It'll be made of plastics.
D．It'll help speed up typing.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句“The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.”可知，该研究团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场，故选B项。
31．Where is this text most likely from
A．A diary. B．A guidebook.
C．A novel. D．A magazine.
解析：选D 文章出处题。本文是一篇科技说明文，介绍了一种智能键盘。根据常识，最有可能选自杂志，故选D项。
[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]
一、发展思维品质
第28题主要考查学生的逻辑性思维。根据第一段第二句“At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.”并结合第二段的第一句“...they have come up with a low cost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard”通过逻辑关系可推断出研究人员研发这种智能键盘是为了降低电子空间保护的费用，故选D。
二、聚焦核心价值
本文通过对研发的一种智能键盘的介绍，旨在让考生了解科技信息技术的创新，引导考生学习科学精神，增强自主创新能力。近几年，人工智能的发展在改变着我们生活的同时，也向我们现在的模式提出挑战。当前，世界经济正进入以新一代信息技术为主导的发展时期，数字化转型已是大势所趋。加快新一代信息技术创新突破与融合应用，已经成为世界各国竞争发展、赢得主动的普遍选择。近年来，我国工信部加快推进网络基础设施建设，大力促进工业互联网、云计算、大数据、人工智能等新一代信息技术与制造业的深度融合，各项工作取得了明显成效。
借力真题——发掘学习能力
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They carried out security (secure) checks at the airport.
2．Are you familiar with the computer software they use
3．It is important to remember that each person reacts differently (different)．
4．There's a feeling among a lot of people that music has become too commercial (commercialize)．
5．The lecture given (give) by Mr Smith so interesting that we were all impressed by it.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．Obviously I'd be disappointed if we don't make it (获得成功), but it wouldn't be the end of the world.
2．As is known to all, the giant panda is unique to (独有的) China.
3．Taking exercise can do good to our health, by extension (再则), it can make us have a good mood.
Ⅲ.分析长难句
Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to — regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
[句式解构] 本句是两个宾语从句和一个定语从句的主从复合句。主句的主语是the keyboard，谓语动词是can determine。其中determine后的宾语有两个：people's identities和whether引导的宾语从句；it's connected to是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the computer；破折号是对前面内容的补充说明，介词of后接whether引导的宾语从句。
[句意翻译] 因此，这种键盘能够确定人们的身份，进而决定他们是否应该被允许访问与之连接的计算机——不管这个人是否输入了正确的密码。
Ⅳ.主题语境写作
众所周知，网络在我们的生活中起着特别重要的作用，请你就此写一篇小短文。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Internet is of great benefit to our daily works have made it possible to attract the attention of millions of people. Not only does it broaden our view, but brings us some useful information. As for junk information, however, our government ought to take strict measures to restrict it. If our government and we do it well, I fully believe that the Internet will provide more convenience for us. Whether you like it or not, network has come closer and closer to you.
课下主题训练科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全
一、主题语基拓展练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①download □ ②household □
③helpful □ ④advanced □
⑤convenient □ ⑥technology □
⑦development □ ⑧system □
⑨promising □ ⑩replace □
analyse □ observe □
value □ concern □
breakthrough □ explore □
solve □ simplify □
engineer □ invent □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
download，household，technology，system，replace，value，concern， breakthrough， engineer， simplify
1. Users can download their material to a desktop PC back in the office.
2．With the coming of modern technology, many jobs were lost.
3．An engineer is a person who repairs mechanical or electrical devices.
4．Our aim is to simplify the complex social security system.
5．The scientists are trying their best to have a breakthrough in cancer research.
6．The house now has a market value of one million pounds.
7．The present system of funding for higher education is unsatisfactory.
8．A household is all the people in a family or group who live together in a house.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The e nose is helpful (help) in killing harmful insects.
2．The main problem to development (develop) is the country's large population.
3．The newspapers described her as a promising(promise) young singer.
4．The patient was kept under observation (observe) all night.
5．The invention (invent) of the computer marked the beginning of a new era.
6．Although he has sought to find a peaceful solution (solve), he is facing pressure to use greater military force.
7．It is true during their explorations (explore) that they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature.
8．In the final analysis (analyse) I think our sympathy lies with the heroine of the play.
9．The course is suitable for beginners and advanced (advance)students.
10．The hotel is conveniently (convenient) situated close to the beach.
二、主题语篇押题练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
If you live in Washington, D．C., or Redwood, Calif., you may have glimpsed a small, boxy robot rolling along a local sidewalk, minding it's own business, but attracting the attention of many a curious onlooker. The autonomous machines were part of a pilot program last year by Starship Technologies focused on delivering meals from local restaurants in dozens of cities around the world.
“Today, more than ever, people lead a busy and diverse life，” Lex Bayer, Starship's CEO, said in a statement online. “The hassle of needing to rearrange your life for a delivery will become a thing of the past. You don't have to switch your working from home day, reschedule meetings, visit a locker, drive to a post office or contact a deliveryman all because of a missed delivery.”
The package delivery service is not available to everyone just yet. The company said it's rolling out the service in Milton Keynes, England. The wheeled robots have a top speed of 4 mph and can detect obstacles from as far as 30 feet away. “The robot can operate through just about anything，” Nick Handrick, head of operations for Starship's D．C. office, told The Washington Post's Maura Judkis last year. “If you had something in the way — a stick — it's able to climb the edges of a road.”
By giving customers control of when deliveries occur, Starship Technologies is offering its service as a way to battle package theft. In its announcement, the company cited statistics from a Wakefield Research Poll for Comcast last year that found that 3 in 10 Americans who live in houses or townhouses have had packages stolen.
To sign up for the service, which costs a little more than $10 per month, customers need to download the company's app. Customers then create a “Starship Delivery Address”， a unique address inside a Starship facility, instead of a residence, where they can have packages sent from places such as Amazon. com. Once a package is delivered to the Starship address, customers receive a text that allows them to schedule a home delivery via robot.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项新科技发明——世界上第一个机器人包裹递送服务。
1．Which can best replace the underlined word “hassle” in Paragraph 2
A．Failure. B．Expectation.
C．Safety. D．Trouble.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容介绍的人工投递的不便之处可知，此处指为快递而重新安排生活的麻烦将成为过去，由此可知画线词词义为“麻烦”，故D项正确。
2．What problem is the delivery robot facing
A．There is a limit to its service area.
B．It takes longer to deliver packages.
C．It covers a short distance each time.
D．It can't sense the barriers 20 feet away.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，快递机器人面对的问题是包裹递送服务还不能提供给每一个人，也就是说它的服务范围有限，故A项正确。
3．How does the package by a robot avoid being stolen
A．The company shortens the delivery hour.
B．The package is delivered to the house directly.
C．Its delivery time is in the control of customers.
D．The customers are informed of its delivery time in advance.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，通过让客户控制送货时间，该公司将其服务定位为打击包裹盗窃的一种方式，故C项正确。
4．What can be inferred about Starship Delivery Address in the last paragraph
A．It offers service to the customers free of charge.
B．It can arrange delivery robots for the customers.
C．It is a cheaper solution to the delivery of packages.
D．It sends the packages mainly to some shopping platforms.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知，一旦包裹被送到Starship Delivery Address，客户就会收到一条短信，允许他们通过机器人安排一次家庭递送。由此可知，它能够为顾客准备好递送机器人，故B项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Something quite tragic (悲剧的) happened in our home.It had a 1 effect on our lives.It 2 the way we relax and even where we sit.There was no fire or flood ...we 3 our Wi Fi service for over a week.
I was raised in the pre Wi Fi era, so I was relatively 4 to the situation.My children, 5 ， did not have this training.When given the news that there was no Wi Fi in the house, their first 6 was: “But, what will we do？” Fortunately, the TV still worked, although the children were 7 to find that it had only 70＋ channels.
For the children, a(n) 8 challenge was homework, most of which is now given online.The lack of broadband seemed to provide a new 9 of “the dog ate my homework” excuse.My daughter 10 that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily 11 due to a leak, but she thought that our lack of Wi Fi was 12 .“Because you can go to the shop and buy water, right？”
My husband and I need the Internet to 13 us to work at home.Luckily, I've found out that these days you can go to the shop to 14 Wi Fi.Although expensive, it allows you to set up your own Wi Fi network 15 .Buying 1GB of data makes you view your broadband differently.I don't want to 16 it like leaving a tap running.We log on to the Wi Fi network and do what we have to do as 17 as possible and log off.
The changes that 18 has created in our daily life have occurred without us really 19 .The 20 part of our time without Wi Fi was seeing the children make forts (堡垒) out of the sofa cushions, which they haven't done in years.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了Wi Fi对“我”家生活的影响。
1．A.possible B．modest
C．positive D．huge
解析：选D 根据上下文可知，家里没有Wi Fi对我们生活的影响是巨大的(huge)。possible“可能的”；modest“谦虚的”；positive“积极的”。
2．A.explored B．challenged
C．improved D．guaranteed
解析：选B 根据前一句“It had a 1 effect on our lives.”和下文的“But, what will we do？”可知，平时家里离不开Wi Fi，现在没有了，当然对我们平时的生活方式产生挑战。explore“探索”；improve“提升”；guarantee“保证”。
3．A.received B．booked
C．lost D．bought
解析：选C 根据下文的“When given the news that there was no Wi Fi in the house”可知，我们家里失去(lost)Wi Fi服务一个多星期了。receive“收到”；book“订购”；buy“购买”。
4．A.addicted B．accustomed
C．admitted D．attached
解析：选B 根据第二段第一句“I was raised in the pre Wi Fi era”可知，“我”是在没有Wi Fi的时代长大的，因此对于没有了Wi Fi也是比较习惯的(accustomed)。be accustomed to表示“习惯于”。
5．A.however B．therefore
C．otherwise D．besides
解析：选A 根据上下文可推知，“我”习惯无Wi Fi的生活，但是孩子们不习惯。上下文之间是转折关系，因此选however。
6．A.impression B．inspiration
C．response D．request
解析：选C 根据空后的“But, what will we do？”可知，空处指的是他们的第一反应(response)。
7．A.excited B．grateful
C．embarrassed D．desperate
解析：选D 根据上下文可知，没有Wi Fi只有电视，且电视频道只有70多个，孩子们很绝望。excited“兴奋的”；grateful“感激的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；desperate“绝望的”。
8．A.avoidable B．major
C．enjoyable D．simple
解析：选B 根据本句的定语从句“most of which is now given online”可知，家庭作业应是孩子们的主要的(major)挑战。avoidable“可避免的”；enjoyable“令人愉快的”；simple“简单的”。
9．A.version B．translation
C．dimension D．collection
解析：选A 根据空后的“the dog ate my homework”可知，此处表示没有网络是这种借口的一个新说法，故选A。
10．A.repeated B．promised
C．observed D．ignored
解析：选C 根据空后的宾语从句“that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily due to a leak”可知，这些内容应该是女儿讲出来(observed)的。repeat“重复”；promise“承诺”；ignore“忽略”。
11．A.fixed up B．cut off
C．used up D．laid in
解析：选B 根据该空后的“due to a leak”可推知，水管漏水了，供水会被暂时中断(cut off)。
12．A.worse B．better
C．clearer D．more
解析：选A 根据上下文可知，女儿认为我们没有Wi Fi更糟糕(worse)。
13．A.force B．encourage
C．remind D．enable
解析：选D 根据上下文可知，为了能够在家工作，丈夫和“我”需要互联网。enable sb.to do sth.表示“使某人能做某事”。
14．A.look into B．search for
C．purchase D．borrow
解析：选C 根据下文的“Although expensive”可知，“我”去商店买(purchase)Wi Fi。look into“调查”；search for“寻找”；borrow“借”。
15．A.easily B．securely
C．firmly D．constantly
解析：选A 根据语境可知，买了Wi Fi，“我”建立自己的网络就容易了。
16．A.share B．analyze
C．store D．waste
解析：选D 根据本句中的“like leaving a tap running”可知，我们知道让水管的水不停地流着意味着“浪费”，故选D。
17．A.steadily B．quickly
C．properly D．smoothly
解析：选B 根据上下文可知，当“我”上网做事时，“我”是尽快地做。as quickly as possible表示“尽快地”。
18．A.technology B．information
C．knowledge D．intelligence
解析：选A 根据语境可知，技术已经引起了我们日常生活的改变，这些改变在我们没有注意(noticing)的情况下发生了。
19．A.reflecting B．hearing
C．appreciating D．noticing
解析：选D 参见上题解析。reflect“反思”；hear“听到”；appreciate“欣赏”。
20．A.rigid B．tough
C．bright D．necessary
解析：选C 根据该空后的“without Wi Fi was seeing the children make forts (堡垒) out of the sofa cushions, which they haven't done in years”可知，没有了Wi Fi，孩子们可以在一起玩，这是愉快的(bright)事情。
PAGE
24(共67张PPT)
①开头:开门见山,点明目的
启
②主体:介绍招聘具体情况
事
③结尾:招募条件、报名方式及呼吁加入
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把握主题
Para. 1 Para. 2
Para.3
Para. 4
Para. 5 Para. 6
本文是一篇说明
引出话题:
具体说明了海说明气候变暖的科学家的措施:科学浮游植物的变得出结论:海
文。由于全球气
由于气候变洋颜色变化的影响:气候变暖‖家建立气候模型以推化所带来的影|洋颜色的变化候变暖,全球的
暖,海洋将原因:由于受会改变海洋特征‖测气候变暖、浮游植|响:浮游植物‖是全球气候变
海洋将会变得更
会变得更蓝、到浮游植物的|并能影响浮游浮物变化与海水颜色变|的变化会影响暖的早期信号
更绿
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游植物。
化之间的关系的影响。到食物链。
之
绿、更蓝。Unit 3 Under the sea
一、背单词与词块
(一)背阅读单词——会认就行
(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)
1．anecdote n． 轶事；奇闻
2．annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的
n. 年刊；年鉴
3．shore n. 岸；海滨
4．telescope n. 望远镜
5．meantime adv. 其间；同时
6．tide n. 潮(汐)；潮水；潮流
7．dimension n. 维(数)；方面；侧面
8．flashlight n. 闪光信号灯；手电筒；闪光灯
9．suck vt.& vi. 吮吸
10．grey adj.& n. 灰色(的)
11．boundary n. 界限；分界线
12．Antarctic adj. 南极的
13．awesome adj. 使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的
14．seal n. 海豹；封条；印章
15．pension n. 养老金；退休金
(二)背重点单词——写对才行
1．witness vt. 当场见到；目击
n. 目击者；证人；证据
2．opposite prep. 在……对面
adj. 相对的；相反的
3．yell vi. 大叫；呼喊
n. 叫声；喊声
4．pause vi.& n. 暂停；中止
5．teamwork n. 协作；配合
6．dive vi.& n. 跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲
7．flee vi. 逃避；逃跑
vt. 逃离
8．drag vt. 拖；拉；扯
9．jog vi. 慢跑
vt. 轻推；轻撞
10．seaside n. & adj. 海边(的)；海滨(的)
11．target n. 目标；靶；受批评的对象
12．pure adj. 纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的
13．vivid adj. 生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的
14．narrow adj. 狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的
15．shallow adj. 浅的；肤浅的；浅显的
16．steep adj. 陡峭的
(三)背拓展单词——用准才行
1．accommodate vt.提供住宿→accommodation n．住所；住宿
2．deep adj.& adv.深的(地)→depth n．深(度)；深处→deeply adv.深深地→deepen v．使加深；使强烈；变深
3．urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策→urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；迫切的
4．abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的
5．relate v．使有联系；叙述→related adj.有关系的；有关联的→relation n．关系→relationship n．关系；血缘关系；交往
6．conserve v．保存→conservation n．保存；保护
7．reflect vi.思考vt.映射；反射；思考→reflection n．反射；反映；映像
8．aware adj.意识到的；知道的→awareness n．意识；觉悟；认识
9．sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→sharpen v．削尖；磨快；尖锐；变锋利→sharpener n．磨削的工具
10．taste n．味道 v．品尝→tasty adj.好吃的；可口的→tasteless adj.无味的
11．scare vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓→scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的；可怕的
[语境活用]
1．It is urged that we should finish the job in such urgent time.(urge)
2．Some flowers are reflected in the river and the reflection is very beautiful.(reflect)
3．If you can't find any accommodations elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.(accommodation)
4．Though the soup is tasty, I've lost my sense of taste. So it tastes just like tasteless water.(taste)
5．The lake is over 20 meters in depth.So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(deep)
6．Whether a student likes a subject or not is normally related to the relationship/relation between he and his teacher.(relate)
7．We turned the bicycle lights off to conserve the batteries and the conservation is necessary.(conserve)
(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行
1．witness vt.当场见到；目击；见证vi.为……作证(to) n．目击者；证人；证据
背词条用法 (1)witness sth./that ... 目击……；见证……witness to (doing) sth. 证实/证明(做)某事(2)a witness of/to sth. ……的目击者/见证人/证明/证据
背写作佳句 ①What's more, videos witnessed the whole process of our growth.更重要的是，这些视频见证了我们成长的全过程。②(2018·北京高考书面表达)The tea house was a witnessed of a really enjoyable time for all of us.茶馆见证了我们所有人真正快乐的时光。
2．urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策n.强烈的欲望；冲动
背词条用法 (1)urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事urge sth. on sb. 极力主张某人某事urge/it is urged that ... (should) do sth. 极力主张……做某事(2)feel/have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
背写作佳句 ①Our teacher always urges us to finish our homework on time.我们的老师总是敦促我们按时完成作业。②The students urge the manager of the library should keep it open during the vacation.学生们强烈要求图书馆管理员在放假期间保持图书馆的开放。
3．abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃；中止；使放纵；使听任n.放任；放纵
背词条用法 (1)abandon oneself to ... 沉湎于……；纵情于……abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事(2)be abandoned to 沉湎于……
背写作佳句 ①Under no circumstances will he abandon himself to this sort of pleasures.任何时候他都不会沉溺于这类娱乐之中。②Their decision to abandon taking the trip was made because of financial constraints.他们决定放弃这次出游是因为财力有限。
4．reflect vt.映射；反射；反映；思考vi.思考
背词条用法 (1)reflect ... in ... 在……中映出……的影像be reflected in 倒映在；反映在reflect on/upon sth. 反思/认真思考某事(2)on reflection 再三考虑
背写作佳句 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)The teacher's words made me reflect on it for a long time.老师的话使我思考了很长时间。②His face was reflected in the mirror.他的脸映照在镜子里。
(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行
单元短语再认再现
1．aim at 瞄准；力求达到；旨在
2．ahead of 优于；在……前面
3．get close to 靠近；接近
4．be about to do 即将做；将要做
5．(be) scared to death 吓死了
6．upside down 上下翻转
7．in the meantime 在此期间；与此同时
8．help ( ...) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
9．hold up 举起；阻挡；使延误
10．be/become aware of 对……知道、明白；意识到……
重点短语拓展用活
1. help ( ...) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难；协助；使(某人)脱离困境
背相关短语 (1)help sb. with/(to) do sth. 帮助某人某事/做某事can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事can't help but do sth. 只得做某事；不得不做某事help yourself (to sth.) 随便自己动手(吃/用……等)(2)with the help of sb.＝with one's help 在某人的帮助下be of help to ...＝be helpful to/for 对……有帮助
背写作佳句 ①My mother helped me out when I lost my job.我失业时，妈妈帮我摆脱了困境。②She couldn't help laughing when she heard the joke.当她听到那个笑话时禁不住大笑起来。③(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I can't thank him too much, with the help of whom I have achieved my dream.我十分感谢他，在他的帮助下我实现了自己的梦想。
2．be/become aware of对……知道、明白；意识到……
背相关短语 (1)be aware that ... 意识到/体会到……(2)develop an awareness of 逐渐懂得；培养……的意识increase/raise an awareness of 提高……意识
背写作佳句 ①Everyone should be aware of the fact that our motherland is our permanent home.每个人都应该知道这个事实，我们的祖国是我们永远的家。②I would like to speak for pandas so that I can learn more about how to protect them and raise people's awareness of animal protection.我想为大熊猫代言，这样我就能更多地了解如何保护它们，并提高人们的动物保护的意识。
二、背佳句与佳作
(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”
教材内句式举一反三
1．As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.(现在分词作宾语补足语)
随着我们的靠近，我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他六条虎鲸袭击。
佳句① (2020·天津7月高考书面表达)When we saw the national flag being raised, we were excited.当我们看到升国旗时，我们都很兴奋。
佳句② (2017·北京高考书面表达)Several days later, when we had the video being played on the graduation ceremony, the audience burst into applause.几天后，当我们在毕业典礼上播放视频时，观众爆发出热烈的掌声。
2．The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor. (where引导地点状语从句)
水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
佳句① Where there is water, there are living things.哪里有水，哪里就有生物。
佳句② Where there is life, there is hope.生命不息，希望常在。
同主题佳句熟读成诵
1．Great attention has to be paid to the decrease of ocean resources.
必须高度重视海洋资源的减少。
2．Now the most important thing for us to do is to take measures to protect the sea.
现在我们要做的最重要的事情是采取措施保护海洋。
3．We should arouse the awareness of people that the ocean resources are very vital to us.
我们应该唤起人们的意识，海洋资源对我们来说是非常重要的。
(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”
本辑学点——启事(一)
[题目要求]
假定你是李华，最近你参与创办了一个英语演讲社团，正打算面向全校招募成员。请你以社长的名义用英语写一则招募启事，内容包括：
1．演讲社团招募成员；
2．加入社团的好处；
3．招募条件、报名方式及呼吁加入。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
[背范文]
New Members Wanted
The English Speech Club has been founded in recent days. Now, we are looking for new members. If you are enthusiastic about making English speeches, this is a great opportunity for you!
By participating in our well organized activities, you will benefit a lot from them. To begin with, you can develop good communication skills and make new friends here. Not only can you acquire speech skills and become a persuasive speaker, but also you can improve your confidence. So join us and show the best of you to the world with your voice.
Students of all grades are welcome. If interested, please fill in the application form and send it to the email address at Englishclub@. Please join us now!
The English Speech Club
[学亮点]
1．学谋篇布局
2．学亮丽开头
开头先用被动句“... has been founded ...”陈述“社团成立”。接着点明启事的目的，最后用含有条件状语从句的句子表达了对读者加入的期待。开头直截了当，符合启事的特点。
3．学高级表达
(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：be enthusiastic about, opportunity, participate in, benefit ...from, develop good communication skills等，提高了作文的档次。
(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：倒装句Not only can you acquire ...；祈使句So join us and show the best of you ...；状语从句的省略If interested等，为作文增色不少，也彰显了考生的语言功底。
4．学精彩结尾
结尾先用Students of all grades are welcome.表示欢迎加入。然后用含条件状语从句的句子说明报名方式。最后用一个祈使句呼吁加入。表达逻辑合理、层次清晰。
5．学过渡衔接
文章中now, to begin with, not only ...but also ..., so等过渡词语的使用使文章叙述更合理，行文更流畅，逻辑更严密。
6．防微点失分
考生容易把“Students of all grades are welcome.”中的welcome错误地表达为welcomed，或在“If interested, please fill in ...”中的interested后多加一个介词in，从而导致失分。
学案(一) 重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识
[全面练——练清易错微点]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. He paused (暂停) for breath and then continued climbing.
2．After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodation (住宿) for the homeless families.
3．The relationships (关系) you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later, so be wise about the people who you invest yourself in.
4．If you want to join our club, there's an annual (按年度计算的) membership fee of $100.
5．She dived (跳水) into the pool gracefully and won another gold medal for China.
6．They marked the boundaries (界限) of the football fields.
7．Our ship stopped in shallow (浅的) water and we had to wait.
8．That woman has a very sharp (敏捷的) tongue.
9．They climbed the steep (陡峭的) mountain inch by inch.
10．We should not forget that education has an important spiritual dimension (方面)．
Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思
1．He introduced his speech with a humorous anecdote. 轶事
2．The government will provide temporary accommodation for up to 3,000 people sleeping rough in London. 住所；住宿
3．①He was standing by the pool, about to dive in. 跳水
②The shark dived down and swam under the boat. 潜水
4．I would like them to leave right away, but they refuse to flee. 逃离
5．Conservation programs cannot function without local support. 保护
6．The fence marks the boundary between my land and hers. 分界线
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.To everyone's surprise, the CEO fled (flee) to the south, leaving his company in a mess.
2．I was too scared (scare) to go into the water even though they tried to persuade me several times.
3．A good boy always dresses himself properly and neatly (neat).
4．These pancakes made by my mother are really tasty (taste)．
5．He told the story so vividly (vivid) that all of us were lost in it.
6．White has always been a symbol of purity (pure) in Western cultures.
7.The child is being taught subjects that are beyond his depth(deep)．
8．The coach stood on the sidelines yelling (yell) instructions to the players.
9．The cost of materials rose sharply (sharp) last year. Accordingly, we were forced to increase our prices.
10．From here the path climbs steeply (steep) to the summit.
名师点拨“一站清”
(1)flee to a place逃到某地；flee a place逃离某地。
(2)含后缀 th的名词荟萃
①depth 深度 ②width 宽度
③length 长度 ④truth 真理
⑤growth 成长
[重点练——深化高频考点]
1．witness
[明其义]
vt.当场见到；目击；见证vi.为……作证(to)
n．目击者；证人；证据
[通其用]
(1)写出下列各句中witness的词性和词义
①Police have appealed for anyone who witnessed the incident to contact them. vt.目击
②(2017·江苏高考)As a result it's likely to see a rise in the size of its working age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term. vt.见证
③This time as an expert witness, he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development. n.目击者；证人
(2)单句语法填空
④As one of the most popular teachers in our school, you are more than welcome to witness (witness) the wonderful occasion.
⑤(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing (witness)their mother earn her degree.
2．urge
[明其义]
vt.催促；极力主张；驱策n.强烈的欲望；冲动
[通其用]
单句语法填空
①Parents should actively urge their children to take (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
②(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.
③I make an urgent (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.
④It is strongly urged that the students (should) take (take) plenty of exercise every day.
[解其困]
urge后接宾语从句时，从句中谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形，should 可以省略。
3．abandon
[明其义]
vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃；中止；使放纵；使听任
n．放任；放纵
[通其用]
单句语法填空
①Soon they reached an abandoned (abandon) temple, where there once lived an old monk.
②They abandoned carrying (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.
③Abandoned to playing (play) computer games, he didn't pass the exam.
4．reflect
[明其义]
vt.映射；反射；反映；思考vi.思考
[通其用]
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As the small boat moved gently along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected (reflect) in the water.
②Usually a child's behaviour is a reflection (reflect) of his family relationship and growth environment.
③Reflecting (reflect) on her volunteer experience, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues.
学案(二) 词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力
[词块的验收盘点]
Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空
ahead of， hold up， in the meantime， sort out， be scared to death， upside down
1．We finished the work several days ahead of the deadline.
2.I like skiing and in the meantime, I know it is very dangerous.
3.The police held up the traffic to allow the pupils to cross the road.
4．In the Spring Festival, Chinese people like to hang the character “fu” upside down.
5．Seeing a toy snake suddenly sometimes, the little girl can be scared to death.
6．I was sorting out my accommodation when he called on me.
名师点拨“一站清”
(1)in the meantime相当于meanwhile。
(2)hold up举起；支撑；耽搁；阻挡。在上面第3小题中意为“阻挡”。句意：警察阻挡车流，让学生们过马路。
Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较
1. help ( ...) out VS help ... with
比较 ①I have been busy with my study and seldom help my parents with the housework.②We think this is the opportunity for us youth to contribute to helping the victims out.
辨清 (1)help ... out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难；协助；使(某人)脱离困境。(2)help sb.with sth.帮某人做某事；在某事上帮助某人。
2．be/become aware of VS be aware that
比较 ①(2020·天津5月高考)Please be aware that you will not receive this smart card during Welcome Week if you do not upload your image online by 4 September 2020.②Some activities should be carried out to make people aware of the importance of donating blood.
辨清 (1)be/become aware of 后接名词、代词、动名词。(2) be aware that后接句子。
[句式的验收盘点]
(一)现在分词作宾语补足语
[通其用]
1．单句语法填空
①Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being performed (perform) live is quite another.
②Listen! Do you hear someone calling (call) for help
③I was sleeping when I heard my name shouted (shout)．
2．补全句子
④When I opened the door, I found our maths teacher being surrounded by a group of curious kids.
当我打开门时，我发现我们的数学老师正被一群好奇的孩子围着。
[解其困]
(1)being done表示“正在被……”，是现在分词的被动式，在句中作宾语补足语，表示被动与进行。
(2)除了being done可以作宾补之外，分词中doing(现在分词)和done(过去分词)也可以作宾补；doing作宾补，表示动作为主动进行，done作宾补表示被动完成。
(3)being done表示“正在被做……”，除了可以作宾补之外，还可以作主语、宾语和状语。
(二)where引导地点状语从句
[通其用]
补全句子
①I can't hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.
因为我坐的地方噪音太大，所以我听不清教授在说什么。
②As far as I'm concerned, you are free to go wherever you like.
就我个人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
③As young men, we should learn to stand up where we fall.
作为年轻人，我们应该学会在我们跌倒的地方站起来。
[解其困]
(1)where ...，there be ...，意为“在……地方， 有……”， where引导地点状语从句。另外 wherever“无论什么地方；无论在何处”也可引导地点状语从句。
(2)where在句中引导地点状语从句时，很容易和引导的定语从句相混淆，区别的关键在于where前面是否有需要修饰的先行词。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2019北京高考·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：人与环境、人与动植物
精读真题——拓展语言能力 (语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)
[1]By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
[2]At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms① (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel② the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
[3]Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate③ the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
[4]Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃， it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters④， such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. in the ocean changing，” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
[5]And why does that matter Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
[6] be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It'll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change，” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”,
［析微点·厚积语言基础］
①构词法——micro 表示“小的”“微小的”“微量的”
microorganisms n．海洋微生物
microphone n. 麦克风
microscope n. 显微镜
②微点拨——名词动用：
fuel n. 燃料
v. 促进；增加
③微积累——regulate
regulate vt. 调节；约束；控制
regulation n. 规章制度
regulate the global climate 调节全球气候
④微积累——熟词生义：water
n．水 (熟义)
n．水域 (生义)
通句式——句子(1)为部分倒装句
当not only位于句首时，not only引导的分句要用部分倒装结构，即助动词、情态动词等放在主语之前，但是but also分句不倒装，其中also可省略。
通句式——句子(2)中but 连接两个并列句，其中第一个分句中whatever引导主语从句。
[理脉络——内化读文规律]
解析真题——感悟素养立意
[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]
42．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A．The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B．The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C．The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D．The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
解析：选B 段落大意题。阅读第一段可知，该段主要说明在不久的将来，随着气候变暖，不同地区的海洋将变得更蓝、更绿；阅读第二段可知，气候变化将影响海洋浮游植物的生长，从而导致海洋外观的变化。故第一、二段主要介绍了海洋颜色变化的原因。
43．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Sensitive. B．Beneficial.
C．Significant. D．Unnoticeable.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句可知，温度变化会改变海洋的主要特征，并且能够影响海洋浮游植物的生长；由此可推知海洋浮游植物对海洋的温度很敏感，故选A。
44．What can we learn from the passage
A．Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B．Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C．Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D．Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句和第四句可知，浮游植物数量越少，海洋的颜色越蓝；数量越多，海洋的颜色越绿，故D项正确。
45．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B．To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
C．To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D．To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
解析：选C 写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了气候变暖影响浮游植物的生长变化，进而造成海洋颜色发生变化，故选C项。
[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]
一、发展思维品质
文中第45题主要考查学生的概括性思维。第一段是主旨句，点出“随着气候变暖，不同地区的海洋将变得更蓝、更绿”，然后接下来对其原因进行解释，整篇文章主题一直贯穿始终，阐述了气候变暖的影响。由此概括得出C项正确。考生要在平时学习中注意概括性思维的锻炼。
二、聚焦核心价值
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由于全球气候变暖导致了海洋浮游植物的变化，进而影响海洋颜色的变化，旨在引导学生关注自然生态，增强环境保护的意识。“绿水青山就是金山银山”。中国的发展不仅要“金山银山”，也要“绿水青山”，因此在发展经济的同时必须保护环境，每个人都必须要有强烈的环保意识。选文极具教育意义，呼吁人们爱护环境、保护环境。
借力真题——发掘学习能力
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The area has seen a rapid population growth (grow)．
2．The scientists are carrying out a study on the effects of global (globe) warming.
3. In response to this problem, various (vary) academics proposed many measures and steps.
4．Significantly (significant), the company recently opened a huge shop in Atlanta.
5．Exporting is necessary for our economic survival (survive)．
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on (专心) her studies.
2．The seed was sprayed over the ground in large quantities (大量地) by planes.
3．Tastes and preferences vary from person to person (因人而异)．
Ⅲ.分析长难句
“It'll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change，” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”
[句式解构] 本句是主从复合句。句子的主干是but连接的两个并列部分It'll be a while以及the change in the colour of the ocean will be ...，其中before引导时间状语从句；show后为that引导的宾语从句，warning signals后为that引导的同位语从句。
[句意翻译] “距我们能在统计数据上证明这种变化是由气候变化引起的还为时尚早”，Dutkiewicz说，“但是海洋的颜色的变化将是一个预警信号：我们确实已经改变了我们的地球。”
Ⅳ.主题语境写作
随着社会的发展，地球上的资源越来越短缺，所以节约资源、保护环境变得尤为重要。请你以“保护环境从我做起”为题写一篇小短文。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Protecting the environment starts from me
参考范文：
Protecting the environment starts from me
With the development of our society, energy becomes more and more limited, so it is quite important for us to save energy and to protect our environment. As students, there are a lot of methods we can do to save energy at home. First of all, we can turn off the lights as well as other appliances when not using them. Secondly, recycle the waste water and paper so that we can reuse them. What's more, it is a wise choice to use public transportation.
Above all, everyone can make a contribution to our environment. So let's take action now.
课下主题训练人与环境、人与动植物
一、主题语基拓展练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①rough □ ②beach □
③wave □ ④bay □
⑤channel □ ⑥sand □
⑦island □ ⑧harbour □
⑨seashore □ ⑩coast □
action □ environmentally □
dolphin □ disappear □
habitat □ decrease □
existence □ severely □
survival □ protect □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
rough， wave， bay， channel， island， seashore， dolphin， habitat， harbour， action
1．He liked to look for shells on the seashore.
2．The panda's natural habitat is the bamboo forest.
3．A dolphin is a mammal which lives in the sea and looks like a large fish with a pointed mouth.
4．Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house.
5．An island is a piece of land that is completely surrounded by water.
6．The Channel Tunnel links Britain with the rest of Europe.
7．A bay is a part of a coast where the land curves inward.
8．His manners are rough, but he is a kind man at heart.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Many wild animals are battling for their existence (exist)．
2．Two people have been severely (severe) injured in the accident.
3．The life is a great puzzle and the survival (survive) is a greatest mystery!
4．What can we do to protect the Milu Deer from disappearing (disappear) again
5．Since 1945, the air forces have decreased (decrease) in size.
6．Such a diet is widely believed to offer protection (protect) against a number of cancers.
7. We should do our best to help put this environmentally(environment) friendly plan into operation.
8. We need more time to see how things develop before we take action (act)．
二、主题语篇押题练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are an integral part of sea life and sustain it by providing shelter and habitat to various organisms. They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a growing fish population, along with other species, for a healthy and diverse ecosystem. However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and long time “coral bleaching (珊瑚白化)” events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.
In order to restore this delicate ecosystem, scientists from the U. K. and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms. The location for this experiment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea, found alongside the east coast of Queensland, Australia. The site is noted to have the largest coral reef system in the world.
“Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places — the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish. Young fish concentrate on these sounds when they're looking for a place to settle，” said Steve Simpson, study co author and a professor at the University of Exeter, U. K.
By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds were played. “These returning fish are crucial for coral reefs to function as healthy ecosystems. Boosting fish population in this way could help to kick start natural recovery processes, preventing the damage we're seeing on many coral reefs around the world，” said lead author, Tim Gordon.
语篇解读：由于海水温度的上升，深海珊瑚的生态遭到破坏。科学家通过实验研究发现，在珊瑚礁旁边放置扬声器以吸引海洋生物对于恢复珊瑚的生态卓有成效。
1．What causes the phenomenon of coral bleaching
A．Diverse species. B．Noise pollution.
C．Fishing industry. D．Climbing temperatures.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，是气候变化所引起的海水温度的上升导致了这种白化现象。故选D项。
2．What approach is introduced to recover the coral reefs
A．Removing damaged coral reefs.
B．Using loudspeakers to keep fish away.
C．Building new homes for sea species.
D．Playing certain sounds to attract fish.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，为恢复珊瑚生态，科学家在遭破坏的珊瑚附近放置扬声器，以吸引鱼类。即通过播放声音来吸引鱼类。故选D项。
3．Why are Steve Simpson's words quoted
A．To provide some findings of the study.
B．To show the progress of the experiment.
C．To explain reasons for the new approach.
D．To give another solution to the problem.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据前两段内容可知，鱼儿会离开不健康的、遭到破坏的珊瑚。为了吸引鱼类，科学家们在这些珊瑚附近放置扬声器。再结合第三段第一句可知，健康的珊瑚礁是非常热闹的地方，各种海洋生物很多。由此可推知，此处引用这位教授的话是为了解释在受损珊瑚礁旁边放置扬声器这一新方法的原因。故选C项。
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．The attempts are in vain.
B．Natural recovery is impossible.
C．Initial success has been achieved.
D．The coral reefs have returned to normal.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，通过用扬声器复制一些声音，部分死亡的珊瑚礁吸引了更多的鱼类，由此可推知，珊瑚生态保护已经初见成效。故选C项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii. I hate to go to the beaches on 1 (sun) weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts (烟头) 2 (bury) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean.
One thing that really annoys me is that I see 3 (tour) who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place 4 it should stay — the trash can. Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 5 pretend that it's not there.
The dogs or the fish are not to blame 6 it. It's our fault and we must blame 7 (we). Everyone has to do his or her part 8 (solve) this problem. It can't be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches. More 9 (important), we need to start now before the beaches 10 (damage) beyond repair.
语篇解读：本文主要讨论了海滩污染的问题。
1．sunny 考查形容词。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词sunny修饰其后的名词weekends。
2．buried 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，bury和其逻辑主语cigarette butts构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。
3．tourists 考查名词。结合定语从句的关系词who可知，此处的先行词为表示人的名词，且定语从句中的谓语动词为复数，故用名词复数形式。
4．where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the place，故填where。
5．but 考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。
6．for 考查介词。此处考查固定词组be to blame for sth.“对某事负有责任”，故用介词for。
7．ourselves 考查代词。与句子主语we呼应，此处应用反身代词ourselves作动词blame的宾语。
8．to solve 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式，表示目的。
9．importantly 考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词，甚至整个句子，在句子中作状语。此处修饰整个句子，故用副词importantly。
10．are damaged 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，damage和主语the beaches之间是被动关系，根据该句中的“need”可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
Ⅲ.短文改错
This morning I happened to meet a foreigner when I was taking walk in the park. It was a good chance for me to practise my spoken English, but I went up to him, introduced himself in English and expressed my wish to have a talk with him. In my surprise, he just stared at me, looking puzzling. I thought I had not made myself understand, so I repeated again what I had said. But he just said anything that I didn't understand. I suddenly realize he was not an English speaker! Not all foreigner speak English.
答案：
第一句：taking后加a
第二句：but→so; himself→myself
第三句：In→To; puzzling→puzzled
第四句：understand→understood; 去掉again
第五句：anything→something
第六句：realize→realized
第七句：foreigner→foreigners
Ⅳ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为“我们的地球，我们的家”(Our Earth, Our Home)的环保创意活动。请用英语写一封邮件，邀请你的英国朋友Peter参加，内容包括：
1．活动时间和地点；
2．活动内容(照片展、废物利用、环保海报等)；
3．期待Peter参加。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．邮件格式已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter，
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Peter，
Our school will hold an environmental protection activity entitled “Our Earth, Our Home” in our school's stadium this Saturday. I sincerely invite you to take part in it.
This activity aims at improving students' environmental protection awareness and urging students to take effective action to protect our Earth. Various activities will be held. For example, you will enjoy a photo show which displays students' efforts to gather and classify the rubbish. The process of recycling waste materials will tell us how to deal with the waste materials. The posters of environmental protection will arouse students' interest in protecting our Earth. We also welcome students to put forward more creative methods to make this activity more interesting.
I'm looking forward to your coming.
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
22(共62张PPT)
巴握主题
Part
Para.1:一位家长不愿意参与长曲棍球俱乐部志愿者活动。
Part
Para.4:参与志愿
本文是一篇夹叙夹议
工作让“我”感到
快乐和满足。
文。文章介绍了作者
讲述故事
Para.2:“我”对那位家长动之以情,后来,她答应了。
得出
不仅自己参与而且鼓
感悟
励他人参与志愿者工
Para.3:讲述了那位家长在志愿者活动中做了很多事情
和
Para5:参与志愿作的经历,论述了志
并成了团队里的好帮手。
结论工作利人利已。愿者工作的独特意义。Unit 4 Sharing
一、背单词与词块
(一)背阅读单词——会认就行
(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)
1．fortnight n． 两星期
2．muddy adj. 泥泞的；泥土般的
3．textbook n. 教科书；课本
4．rectangle n. 矩形；长方形
5．rectangular adj. 长方形的；矩形的
6．broom n. 扫帚
7．sniff vt.& vi. 嗅；闻；用鼻子吸
8．interpreter n. 作口译的人
9．paperwork n. 文书工作
10．toast vt. 烤(面包等)；敬酒
n. 烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯
11．astronaut n. 宇航员；太空人
12．catalogue n. 目录
13．trunk n. 树干；躯干；大衣箱
14．economic adj. 经济的；经济学的
15．financial adj. 财务的；金融的；财政的
(二)背重点单词——写对才行
1．concept n. 观念；概念
2．weekly adj.& adv. 每周(的)
3．relevant adj. 有关的；切题的
4．remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的
5．weed n. 杂草；野草
vt.& vi. 除杂草
6．platform n. 台；平台；讲台；(火车站的)月台
7．otherwise conj. 否则；不然
adv. 用别的方法；其他方面
8．privilege n. 特权；特别优待
9．purchase vt.& n. 买；购买
10．click vi.& vt. (使)发出咔嗒声
n. 咔嗒声
(三)背拓展单词——用准才行
1．adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合→adjustable adj.可调整的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
2．participate vi.参与；参加→participation n．参加；参与→participant n．参与者；参加者
3．arrange v．安排；排列→arrangement n．安排；排列
4．donate vt.捐赠→donation n．捐赠；捐献→donator n．捐赠者
5．volunteer n．自(志)愿者 vi.自愿做→voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的
6．politics n．政治→political adj.政治的；政党的
7．distribute vt.分配；分发→distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态
8．secure vt.使安全 adj.安全的→security n．安全；保护；保障
9．operate vi.工作；运转 vt.操作→operation n．手术；运转；操作→operator n．操作人员
[语境活用]
1．The volunteer said that he was willing to participate in the voluntary activity.(volunteer)
2．The operator is operating the big machine according to the operation guidance.(operate)
3．We donate fund to the school every year.The donation is given to those in need.They are grateful to the donators.(donate)
4．The desks and chairs are adjustable and you can adjust them to the height of the students.The adjustment is not difficult to make.(adjust)
5．They encouraged the participants to participate in the singing performance after the contest and their participation gave the students much delight.(participate)
(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行
1．adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合；(使)适应
背词条用法 (1)adjust ... to (doing) sth. 调整……以适应(做)某事adjust oneself to 使自己适应于……(2)make an adjustment to 对……做出调整
背写作佳句 ①I really hope you can make an adjustment to your emotion and can be happy every day.我确实希望你能调整情绪，每天都能开心快乐。②(2020·天津5月高考书面表达)Personally, I have adjusted myself to online learning because so many learning materials are available.就我个人而言，我已经适应了在线学习，因为有很多学习材料可用。
2．distribute vt.分配；分发；使分布
背词条用法 distribute ... to ... 把……分给……distribute ...among ... 在……中分发……
背写作佳句 ①When an earthquake happened in Sichuan in 2008, thousands of volunteers collected and distributed donations of food and clothing to the refugees.2008年四川发生地震时，成千上万的志愿者收集并分发了捐赠的食物和衣服给灾民。②The prizes were distributed among five winners. 奖品分给了五名获胜者。
3．operate vi.工作；运转；给……动手术；起作用vt.操作；经营
背词条用法 (1)operate on/upon sb. 给某人动手术(2)be in operation 经营；营业come/go into operation 开始工作/运转；生效put/bring ... into operation 实施/施行……
背写作佳句 ①We may have to operate on your leg.我们可能要对你的腿进行手术。②The new rules will come into operation from next month.新规定将从下月起实施。
(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行
单元短语再认再现
1．dry up (指河流、井等)干涸
2．dry out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透
3．stick out 突出；伸出
4．hear from 接到……的信
5．(be) dying to 极想；渴望
6．be relevant to 与……有关
7．the other day 不久前的一天
8．come across 偶然遇到
9．participate in 参与/参加……
10．in need 在困难中；在危急中
11．get through 完成；接通电话；顺利通过
12．make a difference 对……有影响；起作用
重点短语拓展用活
in need在困难中；在危急中
背相关短语 in (great) need of (非常)需要satisfy/meet one's needs 满足某人的需要there is no need (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)没有必要做某事
背写作佳句 ①The school organizes a project in which students bring food and money to share with those in need. 学校组织了一个项目，让学生们带着食物和钱去和那些有需要的人分享。②Who is the most proper person that you are thinking of when you are in need of help？当你需要帮助的时候，你想到的最合适的人是谁？
二、背佳句与佳作
(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”
教材内句式举一反三
1．We walked for two and a half hours to get there — first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.(“介词＋关系副词”引导的定语从句)
我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山到一个山脊，从那里能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。
佳句① China is the birthplace of kites, from where kite flying spread to many countries.中国是风筝的发源地，放风筝从这里传播到许多国家。
佳句② Alice stood at the window, from where she could see her classmates playing football.爱丽丝站在窗户旁边，从那里她可以看到同学们在踢足球。
2．The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.(not ...but ...“不是……而是……”)
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。
佳句① What makes his parents worry is not his grades but his health. 使他父母担心的不是他的成绩而是他的健康。
佳句② The meal is not for one, but for everyone to enjoy. 这顿饭不是为了一个人的，而是供大家享用的。
同主题佳句熟读成诵
1．I didn't realize the importance of cooperating with others until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school.
直到上高中我被选为班长时，我才意识到与他人合作的重要性。
2．As long as everyone gives a little love, the world will become a better world.
只要人人献出一点爱，世界将变成美好的人间。
(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”
本辑学点——启事(二)
[题目要求]
假定你是中学生李华，你去拜访朋友时，在他的小区内捡到了一部手机。为找到失主，请写一则失物招领启事，张贴在该小区的失物招领橱窗内。内容包括：
1．捡到的时间和地点； 2.外观描述； 3.你的联系方式。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[背范文]
Lost and Found
It's about a cellphone I picked up the other day.
On the evening of November 2nd, I found a cellphone lying on the bench in front of the white building in this community on my way to my friend's house.
The cellphone can be generally described as follows. It is brand new and black in color. What's more, the screen size of it is 5.8 inches and the cellphone shell is red, with a Chinese knot on it.
The owner of the cellphone is expected to contact me as soon as possible. My phone number is 18801010110. It is better to make an appointment in advance.
[学亮点]
1．学高级表达
(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：be expected to, as soon as possible, make an appointment等。
(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：省略关系词的定语从句I picked up the other day；现在分词短语作定语lying on the bench in front of；with的复合结构with a Chinese knot on it；it作形式主语It is better to make ...等，增强了文章的表达效果，是加分的亮点所在。
2．学精彩结尾
结尾首句用The owner of the cellphone作主语，希望失主尽快联系。接着告诉了自己的联系方式。最后一句It is better to make an appointment in advance.非常符合生活实际。
3．防微点失分
考生容易在“It's about a cellphone I picked up the other day.”中的picked后多添加代词it，或把“On the evening of November 2nd, I found ...”中的介词On误用成In，从而导致失分。
学案(一) 重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识
[全面练——练清易错微点]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Some students donated their used textbooks (课本)and coaching materials.
2．But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts (概念) they have been taught.
3．What he learned at university is not relevant (有关的) to his job.
4.He volunteered to teach in a remote (遥远的) mountain village.
5. It was a privilege (殊荣) to be invited here.
6．The new couple purchased (购买) a new car by loaning some money a month ago.
7．Many customers of the market came to join in its anniversary (周年纪念) celebration.
8．In his spare time, he usually does some voluntary (志愿的) work to help others.
9．He packed some of his clothes into his trunk (大衣箱) and then went out to travel.
10．He finally shut the door with a click (咔嗒声)．
Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思
1．The patient lived out another fortnight. 两周
2．We had no concept that this tiny mistake would ruin the whole plan. 想法
3．①He walked towards the platform to begin his speech. 讲台
②He hurried down the platform and jumped onto the train. 站台
4．Suddenly, he stopped and sniffed the air. 闻；嗅
5．You need to grill the tomatoes until the skins blacken. 烧烤
6．①She finished her coffee, ate a piece of toast and considered her next move. 烤面包
②I'd like to drink a toast to our hostess. 干杯
③Toast the bread lightly on both sides. 烤
7．I gave him a handsome present at the anniversary of his birthday. 周年纪念
8．(熟词生义)To our relief, the medicine operated quickly. 起作用
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．He has made arrangements (arrange) for the collection of his baggage from the airport.
2．Last Sunday, our class launched a voluntary (volunteer) activity, whose theme was to make the city more beautiful and advocate a low carbon lifestyle.
3.They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn't have been stuck (stick) in the storm.
4．If this product does not give you complete satisfaction, please return it to the manufacturer, stating when it was purchased (purchase)．
5．The guards will undertake for your security (secure)．
6．You'd better not walk into the room with muddy (mud) boots on your feet.
7．There are two mainly different political (politics) parties to play an important part in the state affairs in this country.
8．Shall we assign Thursdays for our weekly (week) meetings
名师点拨“一站清”
(1)remote和distant虽然都可以表示“遥远的”，但是remote 强调地点的“偏僻”，而distant强调“两物相距的间隔”。
(2)otherwise有时表示一种含蓄的虚拟条件，此时其后的句子要用虚拟语气。
[重点练——深化高频考点]
1．adjust
[明其义]
vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合；(使)适应
[通其用]
(1)单句语法填空
①It took him quite a while to adjust to living (live) alone.
②(2020·浙江1月高考)Today's world is not an easy adjustment (adjust) for young adults.
③Having adjusted (adjust) themselves to Earth's gravity upon landing for about 50 minutes, the three astronauts came out of the return capsule one after another.
(2)补全句子
④(2018·北京高考书面表达)You'd better learn some basic Chinese before you come. That way, you can adjust yourself to the life here in Beijing soon.
你最好在来之前学习一些基本的汉语，那样你就能很快地适应北京这儿的生活。
2．distribute
[明其义]
vt.分配；分发；使分布
[通其用]
(1)单句语法填空
①Then we distributed some presents, such as books and school bags, to/among them.
②Who will take charge of the distribution (distribute) of books to the students
(2)选词填空(distribute/contribute)
They have ③contributed lots of food and clothes to that rural area and some volunteers helped ④distribute them to those in need.
[解其困]
distribute和contribute尽管从形式上看有些相似，但意义完全不同。
3．operate
[明其义]
vi.工作；运转；给……动手术；起作用vt.操作；经营
[通其用]
(1)写出下列各句中operate的含义
①The car is powered by a battery on its back, which can keep it operating for an hour. 运转
②More interestingly, I tried operating some aircraft by myself. 操作
③If the doctor had operated on him earlier, he wouldn't have died. 给……动手术
④My parents used to operate a small restaurant near the train station. 经营
⑤This kind of material operates as a very effective protection. 起作用
(2)单句语法填空
⑥He is being operated on by some experienced doctors and nurses.
⑦I went through many eye operations (operation) in an attempt to keep my vision.
(3)补全句子
⑧Do you know when the new law will come into operation
你知道这项新法律什么时候将会生效吗？
学案(二) 词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力
[词块的验收盘点]
Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空
the other day， hear from， dry out， be relevant to， dry up， stick out， make a difference， come across
1.John hung up his wet wash in order to dry it out.
2.The river dried up in the late summer, so we could walk across it easily.
3.I heard from you the other day, which delighted me very much.
4．I don't think what he said is relevant to the topic we are discussing.
5．Helen borrowed my book the other day, saying that she would return it soon.
6．With a branch sticking out, the tree almost blocked the alleyway (胡同)．
7.I came across one of my students when visiting that beautiful city.
8．Faced with challenges, you should believe your courage will make a difference.
名师点拨“一站清”
(1)dry out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透
(2)dry up (指河流、井等)干涸
(3)hear from sb. 接到某人的信
hear of 听说
hear＋that从句 听说……
(4)表示“偶然遇到”的短语集萃
①come across ②run across ③run into ④meet with ⑤knock into
Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较
1. be dying for sth. VS be dying to do sth.
比较 ①By the way, I am dying to learn more detailed information about this activity.②The child can't wait to return to school because he is dying for knowledge.
辨清 be dying for sth./be dying to do sth.: “渴望……”；for后接名词， to后接不定式。
2．in need VS in need of
比较 It includes helping kids with their lessons and raising money for families ①in need.We know they are ②in need of our help.
辨清 (1)in need 是状语，意为“在困难中；在危急中” 。(2)in need of 后面接宾语，意为“需要……”。
[句式的验收盘点]
(一)“介词＋关系副词”引导的定语从句
[通其用]
补全句子
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I count twelve shades of green from where I stand.
我从我站的地方数到十二道绿色。
②The book was written in 1946, since when the education system has witnessed great changes.
这本书写于1946年，从那时起教育系统见证了巨大的变革。
③We finally reached the end of the island, from where we could see as far as the other island.
我们终于走到了岛的尽头，从那里我们能看到远至另外一座岛。
[解其困]
(1)在“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词常为which和whom，关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有from where, since when和by when。
(2)需要注意的是“介词＋where/when”同“介词＋which”的区别，“介词＋which”中的which一般是指某个名词，而“介词＋where/when”中的where和when指的是地点状语和时间状语。
(二)not ...but ...“不是……而是……”
[通其用]
补全句子
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I work not because I have to, but because I want to.
我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。
②I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.
我意识到成功的秘诀不是你出生于何时何地，而是你在生活中的所作所为。
③(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Not only do we take volleyball and basketball courses, but our school also holds all kinds of sports competitions.
我们不仅上排球和篮球课，而且我们学校还举办各种各样的体育比赛。
[解其困]
(1)not ...but ...“不是……而是……”，在句中连接两个并列成分。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语应同靠近的主语保持一致。符合“就近一致”原则的还有：
①not only ...but also ... ②neither ...nor ...
③either ...or ...
(2)“not only ...but also ...”连接两个分句且not only位于句首时，前一分句用倒装结构，后一分句不用倒装。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2019全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解B篇——对接课标主题：公益事业与志愿服务
精读真题——拓展语言能力 (语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)
[1]“You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse (长曲棍球) club.
[2]I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings①. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching② a team that his kids aren't even on ...At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I'll do it.”
[3]I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end of season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook③ for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
[4]Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close④. That relief is coupled⑤ with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
[5]In that sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely⑥ like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies？,
［析微点·厚积语言基础］
①微技法——根据语境猜测词义
词义猜测题一定要利用好上下文，要根据上下文的内容进行合理猜测。第二段中画线部分后的内容起着重要作用。一位单亲母亲和一位父亲都来当志愿者，而且他们本身也都是普通人，作者用普通人为例来吸引那位还处于犹豫期的母亲，由此可知画线短语的意思是“触动心弦”。
②微点拨——名词动用：coach
n． 教练；辅导教师
v． (对体育运动、工作或技能进行)训练，培训，指导
③微积累——表示“使……摆脱困境；逃避惩罚”
be off the hook
get (sb.) off the hook
let sb. off the hook
④微积累——“come to＋冠词＋名词”短语荟萃：
come to a close 渐近结束；终止
come to a stop 结束；停止
come to a conclusion 得出结论
come to an end 结束
⑤微点拨——名词动用：couple
n． 两人；两件事物；夫妻
v. (把车辆或设备等)连接；结合
couple ...with ... 与……连接起来
⑥微积累——熟词生义：freely
adv.自由地；不受限制地 (熟义)
adv.自愿地；心甘情愿地 (生义)
[理脉络——内化读文规律]
解析真题——感悟素养立意
[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]
24．What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1
A．She knows little about the club.
B．She isn't good at sports.
C．She just doesn't want to volunteer.
D．She's unable to meet her schedule.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.”和第二段中的“the unwilling parent”可推断，这位家长不想做志愿者工作。故选C。
25．What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Encourage teamwork.
B．Appeal to feelings.
C．Promote good deeds.
D．Provide advice.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据画线短语后一句可知，作者讲述主持活动的带着四个孩子的单亲家长和自己孩子不在队中的教练，目的是对她动之以情。因此tug at the heartstrings的意思是“动之以情”。
26．What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3
A．She gets interested in lacrosse.
B．She is proud of her kids.
C．She'll work for another season.
D．She becomes a good helper.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中的“the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team”可知，这位家长最后成了一个好帮手。
27．Why does the author like doing volunteer work
A．It gives her a sense of duty.
B．It makes her very happy.
C．It enables her to work hard.
D．It brings her material rewards.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Connecting to the community (社区) ...provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.”很容易看出来，作者喜欢做志愿者工作是因为志愿工作能使她感到非常快乐。所以选B。
[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]
一、发展思维品质
文中第25题主要考查学生的逻辑性思维。根据画线短语上下文语境可知，作者讲述主持活动的带着四个孩子的单亲家长和自己孩子不在队中的教练，由逻辑关系可以推断作者想要打动这位家长的心以使其改变主意。因此tug at the heartstrings的意思是“动之以情”。故选B。
二、聚焦核心价值
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者不仅自己参与而且鼓励他人参与志愿者工作的经历，论述了志愿者工作的独特意义，旨在引导学生积极参与公益事业和志愿服务，乐于奉献。志愿者通过志愿服务，不仅提高了自身的素养，同时也促进了社会的和谐进步。选文切合实际，时代感强，符合时代提倡的促进社会和谐的主流意识。
借力真题——发掘学习能力
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He replied (reply) that this was absolutely impossible.
2．Basketball is an interesting sport, but it's also physically demanding (demand)．
3．It will be difficult to persuade them to follow (follow) my advice.
4．Computer can relieve us of boring and repetitive tasks.
5．She was unable, or unwilling (willing)，to give me any further details.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．I'm writing the letter to express our gratitude to you for we have all benefited from (从……受益) the lecture you gave last week.
2．Each of us must take responsibility for (为……负责) our own actions.
3．The conference being held in our school will come to a close (结束) this afternoon.
Ⅲ.分析长难句
However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies
[句式解构] 本句是一个含有一个条件状语从句和一个主语从句的主从复合句。主句的主干为“does it really matter”。其中if引导条件状语从句；where引导的是主语从句。
[句意翻译] 然而，如果其他人在这个过程中受益，而我也得到了一些奖励，那么我的动机在哪里真的重要吗？
Ⅳ.主题语境写作
假定你是志愿者李华，你校留学生Mike对动物保护很热心，来信咨询你们志愿者协会的日常工作内容和报名条件。请你写一封回信，内容包括：
1．工作内容：进社区宣传，照顾流浪动物等；
2．志愿者要求：有爱心，时间灵活；
3．报名方式。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：动物保护协会Animal Protection Association；
流浪动物stray animals
参考范文：
Dear Mike，
Hearing that you are enthusiastic about animal protection and show great interest in our Animal Protection Association, I would like to tell you some related information.
With the aim of protecting animals，our association has always been committed to providing animals with better living conditions. What we do regularly is to organize various activities in communities to urge people to pay more attention to the protection of animals and the environment with our combined efforts.
Anyone who is caring and helpful，and has a flexible schedule is welcomed to join us. If you are interested in it, please send your application form by e mail to APA@. Looking forward to your participation!
Yours，
Li Hua
课下主题训练公益事业与志愿服务
一、主题语基拓展练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①associate □ ②acquire □
③accumulate □ ④experience □
⑤advantage □ ⑥meaningful □
⑦promote □ ⑧offer □
⑨challenge □ ⑩service □
arrange □ organize □
introduce □ ignore □
persuade □ honest □
celebrate □ admit □
recommend □ generous □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
advantage，experience，accumulate，acquire，offer，persuade，celebrate，admit，recommend，generous
1.It took him a long time to acquire the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
2．I have accumulated related experience by working part time in a travel agency, accompanying some foreign tourists.
3．I have been deeply impressed by a number of experiences in her life.
4．Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
5．All students will provide original artworks to celebrate the 60th anniversary of our school.
6．I'm more than delighted to know you've been admitted to the University of Cambridge.
7．In addition, please recommend a reasonable tour route so that we can save a lot of time.
8．It was with your generous help that I have adapted to the college life as soon as possible.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The association (associate) between the two companies stretches back 30 years.
2．It was a nice arrangement (arrange), a perfect partnership.
3．We failed to obtain any meaningful (meaning) results from these experiments.
4．His business today is challenged (challenge) by aggressive overseas competitors.
5．I am beginning to feel embarrassed by my complete ignorance (ignore) of world history.
6．We all complain about the poor service (serve) in the hotel coffee lounge.
7．Mary was shy at her introduction (introduce) to the company.
8．It was a shock to hear her speak so honestly(honest) about Ted.
9. Most of the food for the homeless is provided by voluntary organizations (organize)．
10．Advertising and promotion (promote) are what his business does best.
二、主题语篇押题练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
I've been a volunteer in the Macmillan@Glasgow Libraries programme for just over a year. I got involved because I was looking for something to volunteer for after I retired from work. I thought being a Macmillan Cancer Information and Support Volunteer might be a good way to do that by using some of the skills I learned at work.
At one time, I felt I made a real difference when a lady came in to use the service. She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner. She had lots of things on her mind. We, together with a counselor, had a chat about her to help deal with all the emotions (情感) she felt. We knew we could arrange something, so we discussed with her what could be done for her family. She was relieved that we could get something arranged for her and liked the fact that we managed to get the ball rolling during her visit.
The good thing about having the services in the library is that the environment is non clinical and therefore more relaxing than the hospital or doctor's surgery. The team in the library are not medically trained. That means we do not use big words or medical terms very often.
It's great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution (解决) for people who come in. It's good to have the team at the other end of the phone whenever we get something unusual. It is a pleasure to be able to help as a volunteer.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者记叙了自己作为一名志愿者的经历。作者退休后，利用自己的技能去帮助那些需要帮助的人，并从中得到了快乐。
1．What can we infer about the author
A．He is a retired doctor.
B．He is volunteering in a hospital.
C．He is a counselor in cancer.
D．He has fought against cancer before.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者现在已经退休，而且有医学方面的技能；结合第三段的内容，我们可以推测，作者是一名退休医生。
2．Why did the lady feel upset
A．Because she was affected by cancer.
B．Because her husband suffered from cancer.
C．Because she didn't know how to treat cancer.
D．Because she had a poor relation with her husband.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，这位女士的丈夫得了癌症。注意：此处的“partner”表示“配偶”。
3．What do we know about the volunteers
A．They do well in teamwork.
B．They receive medical training.
C．They all used to be helped.
D．They often meet unusual things.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的首句可知，所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作，彼此帮助，为来求助的人提供好的解决方案，由此推知，他们具有很强的团队意识，善于团队合作。
4．Why does the author write this text
A．To call on readers to do voluntary work.
B．To show us how to help those in trouble.
C．To share his experiences as a volunteer.
D．To teach us how to take care of cancer patients.
解析：选C 写作意图题。综合全文的内容可以看出，本文主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历。因此，作者写作的目的也就是要分享他作为志愿者的经历。
Ⅱ.完形填空
It was a cold evening and my daughter and I were walking up Broadway. I didn't notice a guy sitting inside a cardboard box. But Nora did. She wasn't even four, but she 1 at my coat and said, “That man is cold. Daddy, 2 we take him home ”
I don't remember my reply. But I do remember a sudden 3 feeling inside me. I had always been delighted at how much my daughter noticed in her 4 whether it was 5 in flight or children playing. But now she was noticing 6 and beggary.
A few days later, I saw an article in the newspaper about volunteers who picked up a food package from a nearby school on a Sunday morning and 7 it to an elderly person. It was quick and easy. I 8 us up. Nora was 9 about it. She could understand the importance of food, so she could easily see how 10 our job was. When Sunday came, she was ready, but I had to 11 myself to leave the house to fetch the food package. On my way to the school, I fought an urge to 12 . The Sunday paper and coffee were waiting for me at home. Why do this 13 ， we phoned the elderly person we'd been assigned. She 14 us right over.
The building was in a bad state. Facing us was a silver haired woman in an old dress. She took the package and asked us to come in. Nora ran inside. I unwillingly followed. 15 inside, I saw that the department belonged to someone poor. Our hostess showed us some photos. Nora played and when it came time to say goodbye, we three hugged. I walked home in tears.
Professionals call such a(n) 16 “a volunteer opportunity”. They are opportunities, and I've come to see. Where else but as volunteers do you have the opportunity to do something 17 that's good for others as well as for yourself Nora and I regularly serve meals to needy people and 18 clothes for the homeless. Yet, as I've 19 her grow over these past four years, I still wonder — which of us has 20 more
语篇解读：作者的女儿不到四岁，但十分有爱心。一次作者给自己和女儿报名担任志愿者，给老人送食物。开始时，作者有点不理解此行的意义，但后来他发现自己和女儿在这个过程中都收获了很多。
1．A.pulled B．glanced
C．waved D．aimed
解析：选A 结合常识可知，此处应指女儿想引起作者的注意，于是拉了拉作者的衣服。pull at意为“抓住并不断拉扯”，符合语境。
2．A.would B．can
C．need D．must
解析：选B 根据前文的“That man is cold.”可知，此处应是那个无家可归的人引起了女儿的同情心，她询问作者是否能够把这个人带回家。can意为“能够”，符合语境。
3．A.general B．funny
C．heavy D．curious
解析：选C 根据后文的描述可知，此处指作者对于平时女儿能够在她的世界里注意到许多东西而感到高兴。但是，作者并未想到她现在小小年纪居然能够注意到苦难；再根据后文作者并不情愿去给需要帮助的人提供服务可知，此处指作者心里突然有一种沉重的情感。heavy意为“重的”，符合语境。
4．A.area B．part
C．eyesight D．world
解析：选D 参见上题解析。world意为“生活；世界”，符合语境。
5．A.insects B．animals
C．plants D．birds
解析：选D 根据后文的in flight可知，此处是指在飞行中的某事物；再结合常识可知，此处应指鸟儿。bird意为“鸟”，符合语境。
6．A.coldness B．illness
C．suffering D．ignorance
解析：选C 根据本段内容并结合选项可知，曾经作者的女儿眼中是儿童通常专注于发现的景象。但是现在，她正在注意到其他人的痛苦遭遇和贫困。suffering意为“痛苦，苦难”，符合语境。
7．A.delivered B．returned
C．devoted D．posted
解析：选A 根据空前的“picked up a food package”和常识可知，此处指作者在报纸上看见一篇文章，是关于从附近一所学校取食物包裹，然后再送给有需求的老年人的信息。deliver意为“递送”，符合语境。
8．A.held B．hurried
C．signed D．lined
解析：选C 根据后文的“to fetch the food package”可知，作者和女儿也去给一位老人送饭，故此处应指他在看到报纸信息后，给他自己和女儿报了名。sign sb. up意为“使某人签约受雇”，符合语境。
9．A.casual B．sorry
C．astonished D．excited
解析：选D 根据前文的描写可知，作者的女儿很有爱心；当她得知可以参加志愿者项目来帮助老年人的时候，她应十分兴奋。excited意为“激动的；兴奋的”，符合语境。
10．A.creative B．valuable
C．shocking D．simple
解析：选B 根据空前的“She could understand the importance of food”可知，她可以理解食物有多重要，因此她很容易就可以看出来这份工作是有价值的。valuable意为“有价值的”，符合语境。
11．A.warn B．stop
C．allow D．push
解析：选D 前文提到，周末到来时，女儿做好了准备；再根据空前的表转折的连词but可知，此处应与前文形成对比，即因为作者不情愿去做志愿工作，所以他不得不迫使自己离开家。push意为“敦促，逼迫”，符合语境。
12．A.turn back B．get away
C．show up D．come out
解析：选A 根据后文的“Why do this？”可知，此处应表示在去学校的路上，作者极力控制住想回去的冲动。turn back意为“折回，掉转头”，符合语境。
13．A.Therefore B．Obviously
C．Still D．Also
解析：选C 根据前文的“Why do this？”和空后的“we phoned the elderly person we'd been assigned”可知，此处应指，作者虽然不情愿，依然给指派给他们的老人打了电话。
14．A.called B．promised
C．invited D．helped
解析：选C 根据后文的描述可知，作者和女儿到达老人的住处，由此可知，此处应表示老人立刻邀请他们过去。invite意为“邀请”，符合语境。
15．A.Although B．Once
C．Because D．As
解析：选B 根据前文的“Nora ran inside. I unwillingly followed.”和后文的描述可知，此处应指一进屋，作者就发现这个地方是贫民的住所。once意为“一旦”，符合语境。
16．A.stay B．visit
C．adventure D．challenge
解析：选B 根据前文可知，作者和女儿去给这位老人送饭并陪伴她。结合选项可知，专业人士称这样的看望为“志愿者机会”。visit意为“看望；拜访”，符合语境。
17．A.fair B．famous
C．difficult D．enjoyable
解析：选D 根据前文的“They are opportunities, I've come to see.”和选项可推知，此处应在提问除了担任志愿者，你还能从什么途径做这种既让自己又让别人快乐的事情。enjoyable意为“使人快乐的”，符合语境。
18．A.collect B．support
C．order D．wear
解析：选A 根据空后的“clothes for the homeless”和常识可知，作者和女儿经常为有需求的人送食物，为无家可归的人募捐衣服。collect意为“募捐，募集”，符合语境。
19．A.let B．made
C．watched D．noticed
解析：选C 根据空后的“I still wonder”并结合常识和选项可知，此处指在作者看着女儿成长的过去四年时间里。watch意为“看”，符合语境。
20．A.increased B．benefited
C．tried D．seized
解析：选B 综观全文可知，在文中叙述的关于帮助老人以及做志愿者的事上，作者从女儿身上学到很多。结合选项可知，作者依旧拿不准，他和女儿之间到底谁受益更多。benefit意为“获益”，符合语境。
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①介绍报道主题的背
报∧总介绍报道主题的具体细节
道「@对报道进行概括性总结
把握主题
Para.1引出话题:沉默的不同含义
波浪线(1)为第一段主题句
本文是一篇说明文。主要
Para.2沉默功能之一: a call for reflection
介绍了沉默在不同文化里
沉默的其他功能:① dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people
的具体含义。沉默有时表
Para. 3 with different amounts of power; @using silence when instructions are given by a
person in authority; viewing silence as a sign of respect
示思考,有时表示无话可
说…不同的文化,人们
沉默在护理中的功能: Using the healing(治愈) value of silence to assist in the care of
Para. 4
对沉默有不同的理解
patients from their own and from other culturesUnit 5 Travelling abroad
一、背单词与词块
(一)背阅读单词——会认就行
(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)
1．cafeteria n． 自助食堂；自助餐厅
2．shopkeeper n. 店主
3．essay n. 文章；散文
4．numb adj. 麻木的；失去知觉的
5．autonomous adj. 自主的；独立的；自治的
6．enterprise n. 事业；事业心
7．seminar n. (专题)研讨会
8．videophone n. 可视电话
9．bachelor n. 获学士学位的人；未婚男子
10．minibus n. 小型公共汽车
11．cage n. 鸟笼；兽槛
12．battery n. 电池(组)；电瓶；炮台
13．oilfield n. 油田
14．inn n. 客栈
15．hike vi.&n. 远足；徒步旅行
16．tomb n. 坟墓
(二)背重点单词——写对才行
1．motherland n. 祖国
2．visa n. 签证
3．queue n. 队列；行列
vi. 排队
4．lecture n．& vi. 演讲；讲课
5．idiom n. 习语；成语
6．substitute n. 代替者；代用品
vt. 用……代替……
7．tutor n. 导师；助教；家庭教师
8．draft n. 草稿；草案
vt. 草拟；起草
9．contradict vt. 反驳；驳斥
10．routine n. 常规；日常事务
adj. 通常的；例行的
11．bark vi. (指狗等)吠叫；咆哮
n. 犬吠声；树皮
12．drill vi.& vt. 钻(孔)
n. 钻；钻机
13．parallel adj. 平行的；相同的；类似的
14．destination n. 目的地
(三)背拓展单词——用准才行
1．qualify v．(使)合格；(使)具有资格→qualified adj.有资格的；能胜任的→qualification n．资格；资历
2．prepare v．(使)准备→preparation n．准备；预备
3．recommend vt.推荐；建议→recommendation n．推荐；建议
4．comfort n．舒适；安慰 vt.安慰→comfortable adj.舒适的→comfortably adv.舒适地
5．academy n．学院；研究院→academic adj.学校的；学术的
6．require vt.需要；要求→requirement n．需要；要求
7．revise vt.复查；修正；复习→revision n．复查；修正；复习
8．acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢→acknowledgement n．承认
9．occupy vt.占用；占领；占据→occupation n．职业→occupied adj.忙于……的；使用中的
10．apology n．道歉；谢罪→apologize vi.道歉
11．option n．选择→optional adj.可选择的；随意的
12．agent n．代理人；经纪人→agency n．代理处；中介处
13．geography n．地理；地形→geographical adj.地理(学)的
14．abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的→abundance n．丰富
15．govern vt.& vi.统治；管理；支配→governor n．统治者→government n．政府
[语境活用]
1．She apologized to the teacher for her being late, and the teacher accepted her apology.(apologize)
2．He is preparing for the exam, while his brother is making preparations for the sports meeting.(prepare)
3．—Are you sure he is qualified to drive a car
—Yes.He got his driving qualification before he was qualified as a driver.(qualify)
4．These new shoes are not very comfortable, though they are designed for comfort.(comfort)
5．This is strictly required, so if you don't match this requirement, please do not send your resume.(require)
6．He occupies an important position in a company, and is occupied with all kinds of activities, so his occupation brings him great fame.(occupy)
7．The young man was recommended as manager of the big company thanks to the recommendation letter of his professor.(recommend)
8．In a democratic and progressive government, the governors always govern their people in more severe legal means.(govern)
(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行
1．recommend vt.推荐；建议
背词条用法 recommend doing sth. 建议做某事recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事recommend that sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事recommend ... to sb. 把……推荐给某人recommend sb.as/to be ... 推荐某人为……
背写作佳句 ①I borrowed the book from the library last week, which my classmates recommended to me.上周我从图书馆借了本我同学推荐给我的书。②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I am writing to recommend myself as a qualified volunteer. 我写这封信是为了推荐自己成为一名合格的志愿者。
2．substitute n．代替者；代用品v.代替；顶替；用……代替……
背词条用法 (1)a substitute for ……的替代物there's no substitute for ... 没有什么可以代替……(2)substitute for 代替/取代substitute A for B＝substitute B with A 用A代替B
背写作佳句 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I think there is no substitute for my teacher's care and love.我认为老师的关心和爱是无法替代的。②(2018·江苏高考书面表达)Consumption ratings do provide us with some reference, but online shopping cannot substitute for practical shopping experience.消费排名确实给我们提供了一些参考，但网上购物不能代替实际的购物体验。
3．requirement n．要求；必要条件；需要
背词条用法 (1)meet/satisfy one's requirements 满足/达到某人的要求(2)require doing/to be done 需要做require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事require that ... (should) do sth. 要求……做某事It is required that ... (should) do sth. 据要求……
背写作佳句 ①I am sure I can meet all your requirements, so I hope you can give me a chance to be a member of you. 我确信我能满足你们所有的要求，所以我希望你们能给我一个机会成为你们的一员。②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Please do not hesitate to ask me if you have questions or require more information.如果你有问题或需要更多的信息，请不要犹豫地问我。
4．acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢；感谢
背词条用法 acknowledge ...to be/as ... 承认……是/为……acknowledge doing/having done sth. 承认做了某事It is (widely) acknowledged that ... 人们(普遍)认为……
背写作佳句 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I must acknowledge my English teacher to be the person I respect most.我必须承认英语老师是我最尊敬的人。②(2019·江苏高考书面表达)It is widely acknowledged that the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for such an occasion.人们普遍认为，在这样的场合，校服是比传统的中国服装更好的选择。
(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行
单元短语再认再现
1．fit in 相适应；相融和
2．settle in (迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来
3．adjust to 适应
4．take up 占用(时间或空间)；开始从事
5．keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
6．get/be used to 对……适应；习惯于
7．day in and day out 日复一日
8．be occupied with 忙着做……；忙于某事物
9．out of the question 不可能的；不值得讨论的
10．as far as one is concerned 就……而言
重点短语拓展用活
1. keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
背相关短语 keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)keep up with 赶上；不落在后面keep away from (使)不接近；(使)远离keep in touch with 与……保持联系keep (on) doing sth. 一直/继续做某事keep in mind that ... 记住……
背写作佳句 ①(2020·天津5月高考书面表达)I have benefited a lot from online learning and I will keep it up. 我从网上学习中获益匪浅，我会坚持下去。②The modern world has been developing very fast.Every country must keep up with the time.现代世界一直在飞快地发展。每个国家都必须与时俱进。
2．fit in相适应；相融合
背相关短语 (1)fit in with 与……合得来；适应fit into sth. 使适合……；适应(2)be fit for/to do sth. 胜任某事/适合做某事keep fit/healthy 保持健康
背写作佳句 ①From your letter, I have known that you have some difficulty fitting in with your new classmates, so I am writing to give you some advice. 从你的信中，我知道你在适应新同学方面有些困难，所以我写信给你一些建议。②Sports can help you keep fit.运动有助于你保持健康。
二、背佳句与佳作
(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”
教材内句式举一反三
1．It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.[It was the first time (that) ...]
这是她第一次离开祖国。
佳句① (2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)It is the first time that I have written an application to be a volunteer, so I am so excited.这是我第一次写申请做志愿者，所以我很兴奋。
佳句② This was the first time that she had left home. Only then did she realize how much she loved her family. 这是她第一次离开家。直到那时她才意识到她是多么爱她的家人。
2．But I was also very nervous as I didn't know what to expect. (“疑问词＋不定式”结构)
但是我也非常紧张，因为我不知道我所期望的是什么。
佳句① Our teacher told us when to have a party hadn't been decided.老师告诉我们何时举办聚会还没有决定。
佳句② We had never experienced this kind of holiday before and had no idea what to expect. 我们以前从未经历过这种假期，不知道有什么可期待的。
3．I have been so occupied with work that I haven't had time for social activities.(so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句)
我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间去搞社交活动。
佳句① China is developing so fast that there are so many chances for us to achieve our dream.中国发展得如此之快，以至于我们有这么多的机会来实现我们的梦想。
佳句② (2020·天津5月高考书面表达)Personally, there are so many learning materials online that I benefit a lot from them.个人而言，网上有很多学习材料，我从中受益匪浅。
同主题佳句熟读成诵
1．I would like to travel to some exciting places this summer holiday.
今年暑假我想去一些令人兴奋的地方旅行。
2．I am going to travel to London with my parents after the final exam.
期末考试之后，我打算和我的父母去伦敦旅行。
3．Besides, being far away from their home country, they may feel lonely and homesick.
此外，远离祖国，他们可能会感到孤独和想家。
(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”
本辑学点——新闻报道(一)
[题目要求]
(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．参加人员；
2．跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下；
3．活动反响。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
A Cross Country Running Race
[背范文]
A Cross Country Running Race
Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross country running race, which drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school. Many students selected from every class took part in the competition.
The route measures five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain. Runners tried their best to finish the competition, with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement. At last, all the runners managed to arrive at the finish line, receiving cheers from all the directions.
The activity was highly spoken of, because not only did it provide a chance for us to exercise, but also made us more united.
[学亮点]
1．学谋篇布局
2．学亮丽开头
开头运用拟人化的写作手法，用动词witness形象地引出了越野赛这一主题，并用which引导的非限制性定语从句解释说明了此次越野赛的影响。运用过去分词作定语的结构说明参赛人员的身份。
3．学高级表达
(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：witness, extraordinary, draw the attention of, as well as, be highly spoken of等。
(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：非限制性定语从句which drew the attention of ...；过去分词短语作定语selected from every class；with复合结构with their classmates along the way giving ...；现在分词短语作状语receiving cheers from all the directions；倒装句not only did it provide a chance ...等，这些也是文章的亮点之处。
4．学精彩结尾
结尾使用be highly spoken of，并结合以not only开头的倒装结构，充分说明了大家对这次越野赛的评价很高。
5．防微点失分
考生容易在“Many students selected from every class took part in the competition.”中的selected前加一个who或were，或把“The activity was highly spoken of, because ...”中的介词of漏掉，从而导致失分。
学案(一) 重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识
[全面练——练清易错微点]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Before you get the job, you need have a kind of qualification (资格)．
2．You'll have a few moments to prepare your speech, so you can make a draft (草稿) first.
3．There are several private enterprises (企业) in this area.
4．Mr Smith left the academic (学术的) world, and has taken a job in industry.
5．They hired a maid (佣人) through an agency (代理机构)．
6．The railway is parallel (平行的) with the highway.
7．There is an abundance (丰富) of wildlife in the jungle.
8．It is said that the government (政府) here will take some measures to improve people's living conditions.
9．After a day's walk, they reached their destination (目的地) finally.
10．It's just a routine (例行的) medical examination, nothing to get worried about.
Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思
1．Grey squirrels have been tearing bark from the trees. 树皮
2．By 10 o'clock a long queue had formed outside the bank. 队列
3.(熟词生义)Our captain gave us a serious lecture on safety. 教训
4．(熟词生义)He was keen to write music in a classical idiom, rather than just a pop one.
(艺术)风格
5.(熟词生义)The Marines carried out a drill that included 18 ships and 90 aircraft.
军事训练；操练
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Common are the cases where we are bothered in the face of a variety of options (option)．
2.Since they drafted (draft) this document, the situation of the company has changed greatly.
3．We all believe that he has the right qualification (qualify) for the position.
4.In order to make it easy for you to go through the class, you'd better make full preparations (prepare) before class.
5．The pilot announced with apology (apologize) that there would be a slight delay before settling down.
6．I wrote a letter to the car rental agency (agent), explaining what had happened.
7．The government (govern)should take effective measures immediately to prevent the pollution going from bad to worse.
8．By drilling(drill), geologists can take measurements at various depths.
9．You have to do well academically (academical) to get into medical school.
10．He was popular as a lecturer (lecture) in the US, as well as at universities all over Europe.
名师点拨“一站清”
(1)lecture n．讲座，讲课，教训，也可用作动词，意为“教训，训斥”。
(2)drill n. 钻；钻机，其生义为“军事训练，操练”。
(3)上面Ⅲ题第2题中的since“自从”，所在的句子用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。since也可作连词，意为“因为”。
(4)make preparations＝make a preparation做准备。
[重点练——深化高频考点]
1．recommend
[明其义]
vt.推荐；建议
[通其用]
(1)单句语法填空
①I recommend you to have (have) a talk with your parents before you make any decision.
②Even though it isn't promising, I do recommend giving(give) it a try. After all, it is your last chance.
③I will be glad if you can consider my recommendation (recommend)．
④I strongly recommend that you (should) set (set) more practical and specific goals.
(2)补全句子
⑤As a student, I really want to recommend a topic to you wholeheartedly.
作为一名学生，我真的想真诚地向您推荐一个话题。
⑥I highly recommended her as your secretary.
我强烈推荐她当你的秘书。
2．substitute
[明其义]
n．代替者；代用品v.代替；顶替；用……代替……
[通其用]
(1)单句语法填空
①David was substituted (substitute) in the second half of the football match after a serious knee injury.
②Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higher level skills and expertise.
(2)选词填空(substitute ... for .../substitute ... with ...)
③It's very wise of you to substitute well trained workers for untrained ones in the assembly line.
④It's very wise of you to substitute untrained workers with well trained ones in the assembly line.
3．requirement
[明其义]
n．要求；必要条件；需要
[通其用]
单句语法填空
①(2017·浙江6月高考)Other European countries laid down a similar requirement (require)for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher.
②All the students are required to gather (gather) at the school gate at 7：00 am and then go to the park on foot.
③These trees are so young that they require looking/to be looked (look) after carefully.
④It is required that the composition (should) be (be) related to the students' life.
⑤(2020·浙江7月高考)And “running a family household requires (require) high level planning and coordinating (协调)，” she says.
[解其困]
(1)requirement后面的表语从句和同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用(should)do形式。
(2)require作“需要”讲时，后面要用v. ing形式或用不定式的被动形式to be done，类似的还有want, need。
4．acknowledge
[明其义]
vt.承认；确认；答谢；感谢
[通其用]
(1)单句语法填空
①The country has acknowledged having taken (take) every means to fight against any possible attack.
②He is acknowledged as one of the world's greatest physicists.
(2)句型转换
③People widely acknowledge that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
→It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
学案(二) 词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力
[词块的验收盘点]
Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空
fit in， keep it up， out of the question， day in and day out， settle in， as far as I am concerned， be occupied with， take up
1．My mother has taken up teaching since she graduated from the university.
2．Since he has just had a major operation, he knows that a trip to Europe this summer is out of the question.
3．I would have gone to Daisy's wedding last weekend, but I was occupied with piles of work.
4．With hard work, he has done very well and will keep it up.
5.He has never done this type of work before; I'm not sure whether he'll fit in.
6．The old man repeated the same words day in and day out; obviously, he was mad.
7．Even though he has accepted his new job for one month, he still seems not to settle in it.
8．As far as I am concerned, the best way to relax is to travel.
名师点拨“一站清”
“动词＋in”的相关短语集萃
①fit in 相适应；相融和 ②believe in 相信；信任
③cut in 插嘴；打断(谈话) ④take in 吸收；接受
⑤bring in 引进；生产 ⑥involve in 卷入；涉及
Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较
out of question VS out of the question
比较 ①He is an honest man and his honesty is out of question.②I was hoping we could eat here tonight, but it looks like that's out of the question.
辨清 “有the无the”意义大不同(1)out of the question 不可能的(2)out of question 毫无疑问
[句式的验收盘点]
It was the first time (that) ...
[通其用]
1．单句语法填空
①Though it was the first time that I had visited (visit) the small town, I fell in love with it at first sight.
②There was a time when women could not learn medicine and work as a doctor.
③It's high time that we took/should take (take) immediate measures to protect our earth from being polluted.
2．补全句子
④But this is the first time that I have written an application and the personal resume, so I don't know if there is something to pay attention to.
但这是我第一次写申请和个人履历，因此我不知道是否有什么需要注意的。
[解其困]
(1)It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time (that)＋过去完成时这/那是第一/二/……次……
(2)It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/... time (that)＋现在完成时这/那是第一/二/……次……
(3)there was a time when ... 曾有一个时期……
(4)the last/first time＋从句 上次/第一次……
(5)It's high time that ... did/should do sth.
该是做……的时候了
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2016全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：跨文化沟通、包容与合作
精读真题——拓展语言能力 (语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)
[1] Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty① when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness②， or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
[2]Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.
[3]Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion③. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
[4]Nurses and other care givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence④ can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.,
［析微点·厚积语言基础］
①微积累——熟词生义：empty
adj.空的 (熟义)
adj.空洞的；无意义的 (生义)
②构词法——后缀 ness
?词源：stubborn adj. 固执的
stubborn＋ ness→stubbornness n． 固执
?词源：uneasy adj. 不安的
uneasy＋ ness→uneasiness n．不安
③微积累——under＋n.“正在……中”
under discussion 正在讨论中
under construction 正在建设中
under consideration 正在考虑中
under repair 正在维修中
④微技法——根据定语从句解题：
文中第34题可以根据nurse 后的定语从句得出关键信息，从而得出正确答案。
[理脉络——内化读文规律]
解析真题——感悟素养立意
[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]
32．What does the author say about silence in conversations
A．It implies anger. B．It promotes friendship.
C．It is culture specific. D．It is content based.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.”以及下文给出的不同文化里沉默代表不同含义的例子可知，选项C与之相符合。
33．Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought
A．The Chinese. B．The French.
C．The Mexicans. D．The Russians.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating ... just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.”以及“... silence is a call for reflection.”可知，许多美国本土人、一些传统的中国人以及泰国人都把沉默看作是仔细思考的象征，故选A项。
34．What does the author advise nurses to do about silence
A．Let it continue as the patient pleases.
B．Break it while treating patients.
C．Evaluate its harm to patients.
D．Make use of its healing effects.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文中最后一段中的“A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.”可知，作者建议护士们利用沉默的治愈效果来关爱病人，D项与此吻合。
35．What may be the best title for the text
A．Sound and Silence
B．What It Means to Be Silent
C．Silence to Native Americans
D．Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold
解析：选B 标题归纳题。整篇文章都在说，沉默在不同的文化和领域具有不同的含义，这与B项(沉默的含义)的表述相符。
[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]
一、发展思维品质
文中第35题主要考查学生的概括性思维。纵观全文，文章采用了“总—分”结构，第一段总述了沉默在不同的文化和领域具有不同的含义，下面各段分别给出不同文化里沉默代表不同含义的例子，由此可以概括出B项为正确答案。
二、聚焦核心价值
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沉默在不同文化里的不同含义。沉默有时表示思考，有时表示尊重……不同的文化，人们对沉默有不同的理解，并引出跨文化交流这一主题，其目的是让学生增进对各地文化和习俗的了解，避免在跨文化交流沟通中，由于文化差异的存在，可能导致对对方信息理解的不准确，进而做出错误的判断和决策。
借力真题——发掘学习能力
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Our government are trying their best to protect the cultural (culture) relics.
2．It was very thoughtful (thought) of you to get me the ticket.
3．A scream broke the silence (silent) of the night.
4．They had an agreement (agree) never to talk about work at home.
5．They were having a meeting when they were interrupted (interrupt) by a knock at the door.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．At that time, no one knew how to deal with (处理) the trouble.
2．The subject under discussion/being discussed (正在讨论中) now is about wildlife protection.
3．It's no use arguing with (与……争论) him.You might as well argue with a stone wall.
Ⅲ.分析长难句
1．Therefore，when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.
[句式解构] 本句是一个主从复合句。主句整体为主系表结构。主语是what may be implied。其中when在句中引导时间状语从句；what may be implied是what引导的主语从句；that引导表语从句；what has been said before continuing是what引导的宾语从句。
[句意翻译] 因此，当一个来自这些文化之一的人在讲话时突然停住了，这就可能暗示着那个人在继续(谈话)之前让听众去思考他之前所说的内容。
2．Nurses and other care givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.
[句式解构] 本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是Nurses and other care givers，谓语是need to be aware of。其中when前面的部分为主句，when在句中引导时间状语从句；定语从句their patients may be experiencing前面省略关系词that/which，修饰先行词the personal anxiety。
[句意翻译] 当护士和其他护理人员遇到他们的病人可能正在经历个人焦虑时，他们需要明白沉默的可能含义。
Ⅳ.主题语境写作
请根据下面提示，写一篇小短文，介绍“肢体语言”在不同文化中的差异及在交流中的重要性。
1．不同文化背景的人们对手势可能产生误会；
2．点头意思的不同；
3．直视别人意思的不同；
4．在国外生活必须了解当地的肢体语言。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Body language is a way of communication.However, people from different cultures may misunderstand the gestures they use.For example, when we nod at somebody we mean we agree with his opinion.But in some countries nodding one's head means disagreement.We generally think looking at somebody in the eye shows that we are listening to him attentively, while in some nations, it is rude.People may have different body languages even if they live in the same country.Therefore it is very important for you to have a good understanding of the body language there if you are in a foreign country.
课下主题训练跨文化沟通、包容与合作
一、主题语基拓展练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①communicate □ ②master □
③steadily □ ④enrich □
⑤flight □ ⑥translate □
⑦memorize □ ⑧classify □
⑨comprehension □ ⑩recite □
tourist □ application □
reserve □ insurance □
pack □ suitcase □
baggage □ passport □
overcome □ international □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
enrich，master，comprehension，insurance，pack，suitcase，baggage， passport， overcome， international
1．These activities can enrich my life and provide me with great fun.
2．We worked day and night and overcame the hard difficulty.
3．As we all know, he is a great pianist with an international reputation.
4．So mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.
5．Is this test a good measure of reading comprehension
6．The house was a total loss and the insurance company quickly paid us the policy limit.
7．The Smiths were packing up in the room when someone knocked at the door loudly.
8．You should take your passport with you when going abroad.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It was fantastic, but I'm glad to be back! Being a tourist (tour) is really tiring!
2．I've got a reservation (reserve) for two nights with my parents.
3．He studied his map, trying to memorize (memory) the way to Rose's street.
4．(2019·江苏高考)China's image is improving steadily(steady), with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs.
5．His application (apply) for membership of the organization was rejected.
6．The child's recitation (recite) of the text was letter perfect.
7．You can group all users by department or classification (classify)．
8. His translation (translate) of some great works is popular among teachers.
9. He took a positive working attitude and had a strong communication (communicate) ability.
10．If we had caught the flight (fly) yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
二、主题语篇押题练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Have got 48 hours to relax yourself You'll maximize your time and fun at these amazing destinations.
Alabama：Gulf Shores
For relaxing weekend getaways in Alabama, head south to the white sand beaches of Gulf Shores. Get on the water for some deep sea fishing. History lovers can get a lesson in the Civil War along a 90 mile path with more than a dozen historic sites.
Alaska：Homer
How does fresh seafood sound You'll find it in Homer, located in south central Alaska, which is either a short flight or a great four hour scenic drive on the Seward Highway from Anchorage. Get your fill of fishing in Kachemak Bay, explore local trails and enjoy exceptional birding in this remote natural setting.
Arizona：Sedona
Adventurous types can get their fill in the magical red rocks of Sedona, which is said to be the location of healing centers of energy. People flood to the area to meditate, practice yoga and more. Sedona also offers fantastic hiking, off roading, biking, and even climbing.
Arkansas：Hot Springs
Relax and renew in Arkansas, hot waters in Hot Springs, an art community with Art Deco architecture that is also the home of Hot Springs National Park. Make time for a visit to Bathhouse Row, a National Historic Landmark of eight bathhouses, and Superior Bathhouse Brewery, which produces beer made of the hot spring water inside the National Park. Don't miss these National Parks that are off the beaten path.
语篇解读：本文向我们介绍了四个在48小时之内可以游玩的且性价比最高的旅游目的地。
1．Which activity can be found in both Gulf Shores and Homer
A．Going fishing. B．Taking a flight.
C．Enjoying beautiful birds. D．Visiting historic sites.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据Alabama: Gulf Shores部分第二句“Get on the water for some deep sea fishing.” 可知，游客可以到水上去钓些深海鱼。再根据Alaska：Homer部分的“Get your fill of fishing in Kachemak Bay”可知，游客在卡彻马克湾可以尽情钓鱼。因此，游客在Gulf Shores和Homer两个地方都可以钓鱼，故选A项。
2．Which destination is popular with hikers
A．Gulf Shores. B．Homer.
C．Sedona. D．Hot Springs.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据Arizona：Sedona部分最后一句可知，游客在Sedona也可以享受绝妙的徒步旅行、汽车越野、自行车骑行，甚至是爬山运动。因此，徒步旅行者最喜欢去Sedona。故选C项。
3．What is Superior Bathhouse Brewery known for
A．Its self made beer. B．Its architecture.
C．Its bathhouses. D．Its paths.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据Arkansas：Hot Springs部分第二句可知，游客来到这里要腾出时间去参观温泉城和优质温泉啤酒厂。前者是美国国家历史地标性的八间澡堂，后者生产的啤酒是用国家公园内的温泉水制成的。因此，优质温泉啤酒厂最著名的是生产用温泉水酿制的啤酒，故选A项。
4．Where is this text most likely from
A．A diary. B．A survey.
C．A novel. D．A magazine.
解析：选D 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇介绍四个性价比最高的令人惊叹的目的地的广告，由此推断，本文最有可能出现在杂志上。故选D项。
B
You probably don't like the term “staycation”. Me neither. The terms holistay, daycation and nearcation are also sometimes used. But you can't ignore them. As a concept, it is quite attractive. Perhaps you've already had one, but weren't aware that's what it is called. Staycations don't just mean staying in doing things around the house or just relaxing at home. They are related to getting out more by taking day trips from your home to see local sights. If you don't want to stay at home, you can holiday locally — for example, camping at a local campground.
Staycations originally became popular after the 2008 financial crisis, when people were looking for ways to reduce their spending. Apart from the savings, let's not ignore the other benefits: you don't have any of the problems associated with travel, such as packing, long drives, delays at airports and so on.
Some staycationers who base themselves at home like to follow a set of rules, such as setting the start and end date, planning their activities ahead of time and avoiding routine. You don't have to do so, but it helps to create the feel of a traditional vacation. Others, who are aware that an extra barbecue or a visit to the local zoo may not match the thrill of foreign travel, take it a step further.
A New Yorker, Karen Ash, decided not to go to Japan, as she had planned, but instead took a week long Japanese vacation in her own city. This included buying postcards and souvenirs at a Japanese market, admiring bonsai plants, attending a taiko drumming concert and watching Japanese soap operas on DVD. I don't think many people would want to take this much trouble to create their staycation, but you get the idea!
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的旅游方式：宅度假。
5．Which aspect of staycations is mainly talked about in the first paragraph
A．Its real meaning. B．Its another name.
C．Its popularity. D．Its benefit.
解析：选A 段落大意题。根据第一段中的“As a concept, it is quite attractive ... camping at a local campground”可知，作者主要在讲“宅度假”的真正含义：不一定指待在家里度假，也可以指在当地旅游。
6．Why did people begin to take staycations
A．To promote local tourism.
B．To keep pace with the times.
C．To cut back on their expenses.
D．To avoid trouble related to travel.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，2008年金融危机后，“宅度假”兴起，当时人们为了节约开支而选择了这种度假方式。
7．What's the author's attitude to staycationers' following some rules
A．Disapproving. B．Ambiguous.
C．Cautious. D．Favorable.
解析：选D 观点态度题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，有些在家度假的人喜欢遵循一套做法，比如定好假期起止日期、提前做计划、避免安排常规活动等，作者认为这些事情不是必须做的，但是这样有助于创造一种传统假期的氛围。由此推知，作者对这种做法是赞成的。
8．What does Karen Ash's experience show
A．How to experience Japanese culture.
B．How to prepare for a foreign journey.
C．How to make the most of vacations.
D．How to enjoy a foreign travel at home.
解析：选D 推理判断题。在最后一段中，作者举了Karen Ash的例子。作者在最后一段的最后一句谈到虽然很多人不会像Karen Ash那样费事地“宅度假”，但是通过她的经历，你已经有主意了。由此可推知，Karen Ash的经历说明了怎样不出国门就可以享受到国外旅游的乐趣，由此可知应选D。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
The Magic of Fall Photography
Fall is the time when nature transforms the greens of summer into the reds, browns, yellows and oranges of fall. It is a magical season for photography. 1 However, many of us are disappointed with our results. Below are some tips on how to improve your photographs of the fall colors.
2 One way to do this is to use high color contrast which is achieved by using complementary (互补的) colors in your compositions. By definition, complementary colors form the grayscale colors when combined in proportion.
On a color wheel, the complementary colors are opposite to each other. 3 Using complementary colors together will make your photos “pop” with color. One color combination that works really well in nature shots is red and green. Among the colors of fall, red and green, and orange and blue are easy to find. When you are around water, blue is easy to find and it can work as a background to a yellow or orange subject.
As an alternative to the usual grand panoramic (全景的) shots, look more for a subject with a single color. When looking for this type of subject, walk around the subject and see which shooting position will help you take the best shot. 4
Once you have a good sense of composition, experiment with the angles and focal lengths (焦距). 5 Shooting a scene vertically gives it the all different presentation.
A．Also, don't overlook vertical formats.
B．It is an event we look forward to every year.
C．You should look for a scene without extra elements.
D．So the complementary color to red is green, and to blue is orange.
E．To get rid of these elements, you'd better make the background less distinct.
F．Red is not that common in nature, so when it is found, it draws attention.
G．To get great shots, you have to be creative and use colors creatively.
语篇解读：在秋天这个多彩的季节，如何才能拍出呈现秋日色彩的照片呢？本文对此提出了一些建议。
1．选B 前文提到，秋季是非常适合摄影的季节。后文讲到，然而很多人对结果很失望。结合后文中表示转折关系的词However可知，此处应承接上文，且与后文形成语义上的转折关系。结合选项可知，B项(这是我们每年都期待的活动)符合语境。
2．选G 前文提到，以下是提高你的秋季摄影作品质量的小技巧。空后讲到，一种方法是运用高对比度的颜色，可以通过使用互补色来实现这一效果。根据空后的“One way to do this is”可知，设空处应概括拍出好照片的方法。G项(要想拍出好的照片，你必须有创意，创造性地使用颜色)符合此处语境。
3．选D 空前讲到，在色环上，互补色彼此相对。后文讲到，使用互补色可以让照片效果更好，并提到了红色与绿色可以很好地搭配，而且在秋天很容易就能找到红色和绿色，橙色和蓝色。结合选项可知，D项(所以红色的互补色是绿色，蓝色的互补色是橙色)是对空前内容的进一步解释，符合语境。
4．选C 根据本段第一句可知，在拍照时，可以更多地寻找颜色单一的主体，代替通常的全景照片。结合选项可知，C项(你应该寻找一个没有多余元素的场景)与段首内容呼应，符合语境。
5．选A 根据前后文内容可知，本段主要讲述的是尝试不同的角度和不一样的焦距。结合空后的“Shooting a scene vertically gives it the all different presentation.”和选项可知，A项(除此之外，不要忽视垂直构图)中的vertical与后文的vertically相呼应，符合此处语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Since Brad Ryan began to take Grandma Joy on trips to the breathtaking landscapes of America, they 1 (go) through dozens of cross country adventures.
In 2015, Brad Ryan visited his 85 year old grandma 2 (live) a simple life on her own, and then he hoped that spending some quality family time with her would help to lift her spirits. When he told 3 (story) of his travels to his grandma, she regretted not seeing more of the world. Then Ryan invited his grandma 4 (hike) with him, and she accepted his idea 5 (cheerful). From then on, the pair traveled to 29 National Parks in total, and had many adventures along the way, 6 has even affected her way of life.
“Life for her now is a lot 7 (rich). It was the look in her eyes that impressed me a lot.” Ryan said, “I love my grandma. She has taught me how to live. I've learned to slow down and see the world in 8 different way. There are so many viewpoints we can gain 9 our elders. Even if some day she does pass away, I can go back to these places to feel her spirit and feel 10 (connect) to her.”
语篇解读：布拉德·瑞安看望独自生活的85岁奶奶时，决定陪奶奶出去游览一下广阔的世界。祖孙二人共游历了29个国家公园，作者也从奶奶那里收获了很多。
1．have gone 考查动词的时态。此处Since引导的时间状语从句的时态为一般过去时，根据语境可知，主句应用现在完成时。故填have gone。
2．living 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词visited，故此处应用非谓语动词形式；且live与其主语grandma之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填 living。
3．stories 考查名词复数。根据空后的travels可知，此处所提到的故事不止一个，应用复数形式。故填stories。
4．to hike 考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事”，为固定用法。故填to hike。
5．cheerfully 考查副词。此处在句中作状语，应用副词。故填cheerfully。
6．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语。故填which。
7．richer 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及空前的a lot可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式。故填richer。
8．a 考查冠词。空后的way为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰。故填a。
9．from 考查介词。句意：我们可以从我们的长辈那里获得很多见解。结合句意可知，此处表示“从……那里获取”，故填from。
10．connected 考查形容词。feel为系动词，其后应用形容词作表语，此处表示“相连的”。故填connected。
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