21世纪教育网 –全国领先的中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第六讲 七年级下 Units 3-4
1.瞎的；失明的 ______________
2.无线电广播 ______________
3.节目 ______________
4.有用的；有帮助的 ______________
5.营救 ______________
6.表示……的意思 ______________
7.接待员 ______________
8.允许进入(或出去、通过) ____________
9.宠物______________
10.任何地方 ______________
11.道歉 ______________
12.(过去式led)带领 ______________
13.(狗)吠叫 ______________
14.(过去式woke)醒来 ______________
15.毛巾______________
16.底部 ______________
17.终于；最后 ______________
18.机场 ______________
19.出现______________
20.扮演 ______________
21.攀登；攀爬 ______________
22.黑暗的 ______________
23.没有什么；没有一件东西__________
24.拯救 ______________
25.松树 ______________
26.讨论 ______________
27.树枝 ______________
28.根 ______________
29.与……作斗争 ______________
30.反对______________
31.例子 ______________
32.有害的______________
33.气体 ______________
34.产生；生产 ______________
35.氧气 ______________
36.主要的 ______________
37.方便的______________
38.家具 ______________
39.想像；设想 ______________
40.疾病______________
41.(过去式dug)挖______________
42.洞 ______________
43.搬；扛；背 ______________
44.容器______________
1. 导盲犬 _______________
2. 到达 _______________
3. 允许某人做某事 ________________
4. 独自 __________________
5. 带着 (某人) 到…… __________
6. 入睡 _____________________
7. 一段时间后 ______________
8. 开始做某事 ________________
9. 醒来 __________
10. 在……的帮助下 _______________
11. (在)……的底部 _____________
12. 蹲下;趴下 __________
13. 在……旁边 __________
14. 消防车 _________________
15. 树的重要性 __________________
16. 为某人提供某物 ______________
17. 在我们日常生活中 __________
18. 在很多方面 __________
19. 保持凉爽 ___________________
20. 吸收 __________
21. 有害气体 ____________________
22. 来自 ____________________
23. 例如 ______________
24. （补充细节）确切地说 _________
25. 从……中得到…… ____________
26. 环顾四周 __________________
27. 由……制成 ____________
28. 砍倒 _______________
29. 大量的；数以百万计的 ___________
30. 停止做某事 _____________
31. 对……有用，有好处 __________
32. 一个主要的问题 ________________
33. 结果 ____________________
34. 充满…… _______________
考点1. allow v.允许进入(或通过、出去)
例句：I’m sorry that we don’t allow pets here.
很抱歉，我们这里不允许带宠物。(7B U3)
练习：我们这里不允许吸烟。
We don’t _______ __________ here.
知识点链接 例句
①allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 麦克的父母不会允许他在外面待到很晚。Mike’s parents won’t _____ him____ _____ out late.
考点2. apologize v. 道歉
例句：I’ve been selfish and I should apologize. 我太自私了，我应该道歉。
练习：你不需要道歉。You don’t need ____ __________.
知识点链接 例句
①apologize to sb.向某人道歉 我来向你道歉。I’ve come to _________ ____ you.
②apologize for (doing) sth. 因做某事而道歉 简因没能去她朋友的聚会而道歉。Jane __________ ____ not being able to go to her friend’s party.
③apology n.道歉 Linda made an apology and left early.琳达______后就提前离开了。
考点3. lead v. 带领
例句：The receptionist apologized and led John and Charlie to their room.
接待员道了歉，然后把约翰和查理领到了他们的房间。(7B U3)
练习：昨天，导游领我们去了长城。
The guide _____ ___ ___ the Great Wall yesterday.
知识点链接 例句
①lead (sb.) to带着(某人)到…… 你能带我去火车站吗？Could you _____ ____ ____ the train station
②leader n.领导者 We need an excellent leader to solve these problems.我们需要一个优秀的________来解决这些问题。
考点4. do one’s best 尽某人最大的努力
例句：We must do our best to protect the Amazon rainforest.
我们必须尽力保护亚马逊雨林。(7B U4)
练习：我会尽力查明真相。
I will ___ ____ ______ to find out the truth.
知识点链接 例句
do one’s best相当于try one’s best，后接动词不定式 我喜欢英语，并且尽我最大的努力去学习它。I like English and try my best ___ _______it.
反身代词
反身代词1. 反身代词构词法：-self / -selves。第一、二人称由形容词性物主代词加-self / -selves；第三人称由宾格加-self / -selves。详见下表：
数 人称
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
2. 反身代词放在动词或介词后作宾语，指代主语本身，宾语和主语是同一人。如：
He blames himself for the mistake. 他为自己所犯的错误自责。
She made herself a cup of tea. 她为自己沏了一杯茶。
We should not think only of ourselves. 我们不能只考虑自己。
3. 用反身代词强调“亲自；本人”，放在主语后或句末作同位语。如：
He did the homework himself. 他独自完成了作业。
We ourselves can clean the kitchen. 我们自己就可以清洁厨房。
4. by加反身代词强调“独立；没有帮助”，放在句末。如：
We must do it by ourselves. 我们必须独立完成。
5. 含有反身代词的常见短语：
enjoy oneself 玩得开心 by oneself 独自
teach oneself 自学 talk / say to oneself 自言自语
think of oneself 考虑自己 help oneself to … 请随便吃点……
lose oneself in … 沉迷于…… dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
introduce oneself 介绍自己 make oneself at home 别拘束；随便
hurt oneself 伤到自己
【典例1】(2021 深圳中考)
He enjoyed working by ________(he) from 10:00 p.m. to 4: 00 a.m.
【答案】himself
【解析】by oneself,由某人自己，本句主语为He, 所以要用其对应的反身代词himself。
【典例2】(2021深圳龙华区一模)
Chinese people often use the term “laohuangniu” to describe those who help others and ask nothing for __________ （they）.
【答案】themselves
【解析】中国人经常用"老黄牛"这个词来形容那些不求回报却乐于助人的人，判断空格处词义为自己，用反身代词。根据主语those使用themselves.
【考点突破】
1.How delicious! Did the students make the fruit salad all by
A.they B.them C.their D.themselves
2. When times are difficult, tell that pain is part of growing.
A. you B. yourself C. your D. yours
3. --- Jack, you swam very well. Who taught you
--- Nobody. I taught .
A. I B. me C. myself D. mine
4. --- She is too busy to help us finish the work.
--- Let’s do it .
A. herself B. myself C. itself D. ourselves
5. His name is James, but he usually calls Jim.
A.he B.him C.his D.himself
方位介词
方位介词就是用来表示方位的介词。中学阶段比较重要的方位介词有：
1. in在大地方; at 在小地方。如：
He arrived in Shenzhen yesterday. 他昨天到了深圳。
He arrived at the village yesterday. 他昨天到了乡下。
2. in在里面; on相接壤; to 相离。如：
Shenzhen lies / is in the south of China. 深圳位于中国南部。
Guangdong lies / is on the east of Guangxi. 广东位于广西东边。
Japan lies / is to the east of China. 日本位于中国东边。
3. in在里面；out（of） 在外面； inside在里面； outside在外面。如：
There is a book in / inside the box. 箱子里有一本书。
There is a book out of / outside the box. 箱子外有一本书。
4. on 在……上面（两者紧贴）; over 在……（正）上方（两者垂直悬空不接触）; above 在……上方，高于……。如：
There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞。
5. over在……上方；under在……下方，under和over互为反义词。如：
There is a light over the desk. 书桌上方有一盏灯。
There is a book under the desk. 书桌下方有一本书。
6. above在……上方，高于……；below在……下方，低于……, below和above互为反义词。如：
The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞。
The plane flies below the clouds. 飞机在云层下飞。
7. behind 在……后面；in front of 在……前面，in front of和behind互为反义词。另外，in the front of 在……前部（在内部靠前的地方）。如：
There is a tree behind the house. 房子后面有一棵树。
There is a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。
There is a table in the front of the room. 房间的前部有一张桌子。
8. next to紧靠着; beside / by / near在旁边；在附近。如：
The little girl sat next to her mother. 小女孩紧挨着妈妈坐着。
There is a house beside / by / near the river. 河的附近有一座房子。
9. between 在两者之间; among 在……（三者及以上）之间。如：
He is standing between you and me. 他站在你我之间。
He is standing among us. 他站在我们之间。
10. in the tree在树上（外来物）; on the tree在树上（原生物）。如：
There are some birds in the tree. 树上有一些小鸟。
There are some flowers on the tree. 树上有一些花。
【典例】（2021深圳龙华区二模）
Sai Weng’s other neighbour arrived _______ his door and congratulated him.
【答案】at
【解析】考查介词。arrive at为固定搭配，意为"到达"，所以此处填介词at。故答案为at。
【考点突破】
1. --- Shall I help you the street, Grandpa
--- No, thanks. I can manage it myself.
A. on B. with C. across D. along
2. In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy.
A. beside B. among C. up D. through
3. Many young people put mobile gaming anything else, thinking little of their normal lives.
A. along with B. behind C. before D. in front of
4. In the last few months, the teachers have given lessons the Internet as webcasts(主播).
A. for B. at C. in D. on
5. On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel the window.
A. by B. for C. with D. from
现在进行时
1. 概念：现在进行时表示某个正在发生的动作或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动。
2. 结构：be+v-ing
3. 标志词：now, look, listen, at present, at the moment
4. 动词的现在分词变化规则
情况 方法 例子
一般情况 直接加ing cook—cooking, sleep—sleeping
以不发音的e结尾 去e加ing make—making, taste—tasting
以重读闭音节结尾的 双写最后的辅音字母,再加ing run—running, stop—stopping, sit—sitting
以ie结尾的 变ie为y，再加ing die—dying, lie—lying, tie—tying
5. 否定句结构：be+not+doing. 如：
The children are not playing in the park now. 孩子们现在不在公园里玩。
6. 一般疑问句结构：Be+主语+doing？如：
Are the children playing in the park now？孩子们现在正在公园里玩吗？
7. 特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词+be+主语+doing？如：
What are they doing now 他们现在正在做什么？
8. 现在进行时除了表示“现在”，还可以表示“将来”，这类动词有come, go， fly, leave, arrive等。如：
I am going. 我要走了。
She is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 她明天要去北京。
The bus is coming soon. 公共汽车一会儿就到。
He is flying to America this weekend. 他这个周末坐飞机去美国。
9. 有些动词不能用进行时态。如：
（1）表示感觉的动词,如:feel, hear, see, smell等。
（2）表示感情和情绪的动词，如:like, love, hate, want等。
（3）表示精神活动的动词，如：understand, believe, know, mean, remember等。
【典例】（2021广州中考）
He works so hard in the field, but now it _______up.
A. dry B. isdrying C. dried D. wasdrying
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。根据关键词now,可知句子为现在进行时态。句意为：他在田里干活，但现在玉米干涸。
【考点突破】
1. --- Linda, Dad has finished his work and we to the gym to pick you up.
--- Thank you, Mum.
A. drive B. drove C. have driven D. are driving
2. Listen! Our teacher in the music classroom.
A. sings B. sang C. will sing D.is singing
3. --- Be quick, Sara! The taxi is waiting for us outside.
--- A moment, please. I some visitors our products.
A. showed B. am showing C. was showing D. show
4. It . Please take an umbrella with you, Annie.
A. rains B.is raining C. rained D. was raining
5. --- Hurry up!
--- One moment. I ______ my e-mails and then I’m ready to go.
A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. have read
一、用适当的反身代词或介词完成句子
1. My friends had a nice time in London. They enjoyed ________________ very much.
2. He never thinks about others. He only thinks about __________.
3. She makes all her clothes __________.
4. Simon, did you paint the room __________
5. We cleaned the room ______________.
6. Mary has just arrived __________ the airport.
7. Shanghai is __________ the east of China.
8. The plane flew _______________ the Great Wall.
9. I sat down __________ Jenny and Alice.
10. There is a table __________________ the window.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Mr. Zheng _______________（read） a book now.
2. Look! Tom and John _______________（swim） in the swimming pool.
3. My brother is not in the living room. He ___________（make） a kite in his room now.
4. We _____________（have） an English class now.
5. Listen! Someone ______________（sing） in the garden.
6. My parents ________________（grow） flowers in the garden now.
7. He usually __________（drink） coffee but now he ______________（drink） tea.
8. I _______________（watch） television with my mother now.
9. Look! Somebody ______________（run）.
10. Sandra is tired. She _________（want） to go home now.
三、单项选择
1. The Greens _________ the airport on time.
A. got B. reached to C. arrived at D. went
2. People from all over the world are welcome ________ at our five-star hotel.
A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. stayed
3. My mother doesn’t allow me ________ computer games too much.
A. to play B. playing C. play D. to playing
4. A. The bus was broken and the town was still far away. We can’t go _______ but wait.
A. everywhere B. somewhere C. nowhere D. anywhere
5. He never asks for help and he does everything by _________.
A. he B. him C. his D. himself
6. The baby was very tired and fell ________ on the way home.
A. sleep B. sleepy C. asleep D. sleeping
7. A. John ________ and thought he was late, so he jumped out of bed at once.
A. stayed up B. wake up C. gave up D. set up
8. The fish Tom cooked smelt _________ and tasted good.
A. well B. good C. better D. best
9. __________ the teacher’s help, I can speak better English.
A. Under B. For C. With D. Without
10. __________ my father and I love watching football match.
A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All
11. Trees help us fight _______ pollution.
A. for B. against C. with D. again
12. My classmates want to know more _______ the life in England.
A. to B. of C. about D. over
13. Dr Jones is always telling us _______ trees can help us protect the Earth.
A. how B. where C. when D. who
14. Look! The reporter _________ the famous actress Kate.
A. interview B. interviews C. is interviewing D. interviewed
15. Julie can find out the answer _______ many ways.
A. of B. by C. to D. in
16. It’s bad for us to ________ harmful gases a lot.
A. take off B. take out C. take down D. take in
17. He __________ the room but found nobody there.
A. looked down B. looked around C. looked up D. looked after
18. The chairs and desks in our school are made _______ wood.
A. in B. by C. of D. from
19. __________ travelers from all over the world come to visit China every year.
A. 3 million B. Millions of C. Million of D. 3 million of
20. All the human beings should stop ________ the world.
A. polluting B. polluted C. to pollute D. pollute
四、语法填空
A
Most people love animals because they are useful in many ways. They add more fun 1. _____ our life. We find many different kinds of animals 2. _____ Earth. Some animals, such as leopards （豹）, 3. __________（wolf） and foxes, live in big forests. They are called wild animals, and most of 4. ________（they） are dangerous to people. Others, like cows and dogs, live with human beings. They are called domestic animals （家禽）, and they are 5. ________（friend）. Animals are 6. ________________（importance） to human beings. People catch wild animals for fur （毛） and skins. People get meat 7. _____ sheep and pigs, and get milk from cows. Domestic animals can also help human beings8. _____（do）other work. For example, horses can take people 9. _____ other places. 10. ___________ these animals, life could be less fun and difficult for human beings.
B
Trees are our 1. ___________（friend）. We cannot live 2. ___________ trees. However, because people keep __________（cut）down trees, there are __________（few） and fewer trees in the world today. Trees are _________________（real） important to us. They produce oxygen for us ________________（breathe） and keep the air cool and clean. And they can take in ______________（harm） gases from the air. What’s more, they make our lives more convenient. For example, __________ lot of furniture __________（be）made of wood. So __________ is important for us to protect trees. To protect trees is to protect ourselves. We should stop people cutting down trees and plant as many trees as we can.
五、根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。
1. Drivers like listening to the r_____ while they are driving.
2. What’s your favourite TV___________________
3. My mum won’t a_____ me to go out at night.
4. Mike, w______ up! It’s 8 o’clock now.
5. It is d______ in the room and I can’t see anything.
6. The doctor is doing his best to s____ the little baby
7. This is an apple s____. You can plant it in your garden.
8. I was late for the job i__________, so I didn’t get the job.
9. No one is able to live without o_________.
10. It’s dangerous to fight a_________ the fire alone.
六、根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。
1. 你什么时候会到学校
When will you_______ _________ the school
2. 我一个人就能搬动那个箱子。
I can carry the box _________ _______.
3. 我闭上眼睛就睡着了。
The moment I closed my eyes, I _________ _________.
4. 树很重要,因为它们能够吸收有毒气体。
Trees are important because they can _________ _________harmful gases.
5. 玛丽是我的新同学。她来自美国。
Mary is my new classmate. She ________ _________ America.
6. 我原以为这电影很有趣,但其实它很无聊。
I thought the film would be interesting, but__________ __________, it’s very boring.
7. 我去周围转转,看能发现些什么。
I’m going to ______ _______ and see what I can find.
8. 这张课桌由木头制成。
The desk is ______ ____wood.
9. 每年有数百万游客来北京。
________ _________tourists come to Beijing every year.
10. 运动有益健康。
Doing sports is ______ _________ your health.
11. 今天早上4 点钟左右我就醒了。
I ______ _________around four o’clock this morning.
12. 导游带我们去参观了博物馆。
The travel guide _________ us _________ visit the museum.
重点单词
重点短语
语言考点梳理
语法精讲精练
目标导练
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第六讲 七年级下 Units 3-4
1.瞎的；失明的 blind
2.无线电广播 radio
3.节目 programme
4.有用的；有帮助的 helpful
5.营救 rescue
6.表示……的意思 mean
7.接待员 receptionist
8.允许进入(或出去、通过) allow
9.宠物 pet
10.任何地方 anywhere
11.道歉 apologize
12.(过去式led)带领 lead
13.(狗)吠叫 bark
14.(过去式woke)醒来 wake
15.毛巾 towel
16.底部 bottom
17.终于；最后 finally
18.机场 airport
19.出现 appear
20.扮演 act
21.攀登；攀爬 climb
22.黑暗的 dark
23.没有什么；没有一件东西 nothing
24.拯救 save
25.松树 pine
26.讨论 discuss
27.树枝 branch
28.根 root
29.与……作斗争 fight
30.反对 against
31.例子 example
32.有害的 harmful
33.气体 gas
34.产生；生产 produce
35.氧气 oxygen
36.主要的 major
37.方便的 convenient
38.家具 furniture
39.想像；设想 imagine
40.疾病 disease
41.(过去式dug)挖 dig
42.洞 hole
43.搬；扛；背 carry
44.容器 container
1. 导盲犬 guide dog
2. 到达 arrive at
3. 允许某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth.
4. 独自 by oneself
5. 带着 (某人) 到…… lead… to…
6. 入睡 fall asleep
7. 一段时间后 some time later
8. 开始做某事 start to do sth./start doing sth.
9. 醒来 wake up
10. 在……的帮助下 with one’s help/ with the help of sb.
11. (在)……的底部 at the bottom of
12. 蹲下;趴下 get down
13. 在……旁边 next o
14. 消防车 fire engine
15. 树的重要性 the importance of trees
16. 为某人提供某物 provide sth. for sb. /provide sb. with sth.
17. 在我们日常生活中 in our daily lives
18. 在很多方面 in many ways
19. 保持凉爽 keep cool
20. 吸收 take in
21. 有害气体 harmful gases
22. 来自 come from
23. 例如 for example/ such as
24. （补充细节）确切地说 in fact
25. 从……中得到…… get… from…
26. 环顾四周 look around
27. 由……制成be made of / from
28. 砍倒 cut down
29. 大量的；数以百万计的 millions of
30. 停止做某事 stop doing sth.
31. 对……有用，有好处 be good for
32. 一个主要的问题 a major problem
33. 结果 as a result
34. 充满…… be full of… / be filled with....
考点1. allow v.允许进入(或通过、出去)
例句：I’m sorry that we don’t allow pets here.
很抱歉，我们这里不允许带宠物。(7B U3)
练习：我们这里不允许吸烟。
We don’t allow smoking here.
知识点链接 例句
①allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 麦克的父母不会允许他在外面待到很晚。Mike’s parents won’t allow him to stay out late.
考点2. apologize v. 道歉
例句：I’ve been selfish and I should apologize. 我太自私了，我应该道歉。
练习：你不需要道歉。You don’t need to apologize.
知识点链接 例句
①apologize to sb.向某人道歉 我来向你道歉。I’ve come to apologize to you.
②apologize for (doing) sth. 因做某事而道歉 简因没能去她朋友的聚会而道歉。Jane apologized for not being able to go to her friend’s party.
③apology n.道歉 Linda made an apology and left early.琳达道歉后就提前离开了。
考点3. lead v. 带领
例句：The receptionist apologized and led John and Charlie to their room.
接待员道了歉，然后把约翰和查理领到了他们的房间。(7B U3)
练习：昨天，导游领我们去了长城。
The guide led us to the Great Wall yesterday.
知识点链接 例句
①lead (sb.) to带着(某人)到…… 你能带我去火车站吗？Could you lead me to the train station
②leader n.领导者 We need an excellent leader to solve these problems.我们需要一个优秀的领导者来解决这些问题。
考点4. do one’s best 尽某人最大的努力
例句：We must do our best to protect the Amazon rainforest.
我们必须尽力保护亚马逊雨林。(7B U4)
练习：我会尽力查明真相。
I will do my best to find out the truth.
知识点链接 例句
do one’s best相当于try one’s best，后接动词不定式 我喜欢英语，并且尽我最大的努力去学习它。I like English and try my best to learn it.
反身代词
反身代词1. 反身代词构词法：-self / -selves。第一、二人称由形容词性物主代词加-self / -selves；第三人称由宾格加-self / -selves。详见下表：
数 人称
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
2. 反身代词放在动词或介词后作宾语，指代主语本身，宾语和主语是同一人。如：
He blames himself for the mistake. 他为自己所犯的错误自责。
She made herself a cup of tea. 她为自己沏了一杯茶。
We should not think only of ourselves. 我们不能只考虑自己。
3. 用反身代词强调“亲自；本人”，放在主语后或句末作同位语。如：
He did the homework himself. 他独自完成了作业。
We ourselves can clean the kitchen. 我们自己就可以清洁厨房。
4. by加反身代词强调“独立；没有帮助”，放在句末。如：
We must do it by ourselves. 我们必须独立完成。
5. 含有反身代词的常见短语：
enjoy oneself 玩得开心 by oneself 独自
teach oneself 自学 talk / say to oneself 自言自语
think of oneself 考虑自己 help oneself to … 请随便吃点……
lose oneself in … 沉迷于…… dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
introduce oneself 介绍自己 make oneself at home 别拘束；随便
hurt oneself 伤到自己
【典例1】(2021 深圳中考)
He enjoyed working by ________(he) from 10:00 p.m. to 4: 00 a.m.
【答案】himself
【解析】by oneself,由某人自己，本句主语为He, 所以要用其对应的反身代词himself。
【典例2】(2021深圳龙华区一模)
Chinese people often use the term “laohuangniu” to describe those who help others and ask nothing for __________ （they）.
【答案】themselves
【解析】中国人经常用"老黄牛"这个词来形容那些不求回报却乐于助人的人，判断空格处词义为自己，用反身代词。根据主语those使用themselves.
【考点突破】
1.How delicious! Did the students make the fruit salad all by
A.they B.them C.their D.themselves
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查代词的用法。they 他们，主格，作主语；them 他们，宾格，作宾语；their 他们的，形容词性物主代词，后跟名词； themselves 他们自己，反身代词。do sth. by oneself 自己做某事。故选D项。
2. When times are difficult, tell that pain is part of growing.
A. you B. yourself C. your D. yours
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查代词。本句中的祈使句“tell...”隐含着主语 you；设空处作 tell 的宾语，与主语 you 指同一个人，故设空处用反身代词。故选 B项。
3. --- Jack, you swam very well. Who taught you
--- Nobody. I taught .
A. I B. me C. myself D. mine
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查反身代词。根据答句中的 Nobody 可知，没有人教，所以是自学的，应选 myself “我自己”。A项是主格，B项是宾格，D项是名词性物主代词，因此选C。
4. --- She is too busy to help us finish the work.
--- Let’s do it .
A. herself B. myself C. itself D. ourselves
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查反身代词。herself 她自己；myself 我自己；itself 它自己；ourselves 我们自己。根据上下句语境，特别是上句中的 us 以及下一句的 Let’s 可知选D。
5. His name is James, but he usually calls Jim.
A.he B.him C.his D.himself
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查代词。根据句意可知，calls 后面跟反身代词作宾语，he 的反身代词是 himself，故选D项。
方位介词
方位介词就是用来表示方位的介词。中学阶段比较重要的方位介词有：
1. in在大地方; at 在小地方。如：
He arrived in Shenzhen yesterday. 他昨天到了深圳。
He arrived at the village yesterday. 他昨天到了乡下。
2. in在里面; on相接壤; to 相离。如：
Shenzhen lies / is in the south of China. 深圳位于中国南部。
Guangdong lies / is on the east of Guangxi. 广东位于广西东边。
Japan lies / is to the east of China. 日本位于中国东边。
3. in在里面；out（of） 在外面； inside在里面； outside在外面。如：
There is a book in / inside the box. 箱子里有一本书。
There is a book out of / outside the box. 箱子外有一本书。
4. on 在……上面（两者紧贴）; over 在……（正）上方（两者垂直悬空不接触）; above 在……上方，高于……。如：
There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞。
5. over在……上方；under在……下方，under和over互为反义词。如：
There is a light over the desk. 书桌上方有一盏灯。
There is a book under the desk. 书桌下方有一本书。
6. above在……上方，高于……；below在……下方，低于……, below和above互为反义词。如：
The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞。
The plane flies below the clouds. 飞机在云层下飞。
7. behind 在……后面；in front of 在……前面，in front of和behind互为反义词。另外，in the front of 在……前部（在内部靠前的地方）。如：
There is a tree behind the house. 房子后面有一棵树。
There is a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。
There is a table in the front of the room. 房间的前部有一张桌子。
8. next to紧靠着; beside / by / near在旁边；在附近。如：
The little girl sat next to her mother. 小女孩紧挨着妈妈坐着。
There is a house beside / by / near the river. 河的附近有一座房子。
9. between 在两者之间; among 在……（三者及以上）之间。如：
He is standing between you and me. 他站在你我之间。
He is standing among us. 他站在我们之间。
10. in the tree在树上（外来物）; on the tree在树上（原生物）。如：
There are some birds in the tree. 树上有一些小鸟。
There are some flowers on the tree. 树上有一些花。
【典例】（2021深圳龙华区二模）
Sai Weng’s other neighbour arrived _______ his door and congratulated him.
【答案】at
【解析】考查介词。arrive at为固定搭配，意为"到达"，所以此处填介词at。故答案为at。
【考点突破】
1. --- Shall I help you the street, Grandpa
--- No, thanks. I can manage it myself.
A. on B. with C. across D. along
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查介词辨析。A. 在……上；B. 伴随，和；C. 横穿；D. 沿着。根据语境可知，此处是主动向过马路的爷爷提出帮助。故选C项。
2. In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy.
A. beside B. among C. up D. through
【答案】A
【解析】此题考查介词。beside 在……旁边，among 在……之中（三者及以上），up 向上，through 从内部穿过。根据句意判断出方位介词应选 beside，选择A 。
3. Many young people put mobile gaming anything else, thinking little of their normal lives.
A. along with B. behind C. before D. in front of
【答案】C
【解析】 along with与，同……一道，连同；behind在……之后；before 在……之前；in front of在……前面。根据句意可知答案为C项。
4. In the last few months, the teachers have given lessons the Internet as webcasts(主播).
A. for B. at C. in D. on
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查介词。on the Internet在互联网上。故选D。
5. On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel the window.
A. by B. for C. with D. from
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查介词的用法。A选项意思为“在旁边”；B选项意思为“为了”；C选项意思为“和，有，用”；D选项意思为“从”。故选A。
现在进行时
1. 概念：现在进行时表示某个正在发生的动作或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动。
2. 结构：be+v-ing
3. 标志词：now, look, listen, at present, at the moment
4. 动词的现在分词变化规则
情况 方法 例子
一般情况 直接加ing cook—cooking, sleep—sleeping
以不发音的e结尾 去e加ing make—making, taste—tasting
以重读闭音节结尾的 双写最后的辅音字母,再加ing run—running, stop—stopping, sit—sitting
以ie结尾的 变ie为y，再加ing die—dying, lie—lying, tie—tying
5. 否定句结构：be+not+doing. 如：
The children are not playing in the park now. 孩子们现在不在公园里玩。
6. 一般疑问句结构：Be+主语+doing？如：
Are the children playing in the park now？孩子们现在正在公园里玩吗？
7. 特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词+be+主语+doing？如：
What are they doing now 他们现在正在做什么？
8. 现在进行时除了表示“现在”，还可以表示“将来”，这类动词有come, go， fly, leave, arrive等。如：
I am going. 我要走了。
She is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 她明天要去北京。
The bus is coming soon. 公共汽车一会儿就到。
He is flying to America this weekend. 他这个周末坐飞机去美国。
9. 有些动词不能用进行时态。如：
（1）表示感觉的动词,如:feel, hear, see, smell等。
（2）表示感情和情绪的动词，如:like, love, hate, want等。
（3）表示精神活动的动词，如：understand, believe, know, mean, remember等。
【典例】（2021广州中考）
He works so hard in the field, but now it _______up.
A. dry B. isdrying C. dried D. wasdrying
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。根据关键词now,可知句子为现在进行时态。句意为：他在田里干活，但现在玉米干涸。
【考点突破】
1. --- Linda, Dad has finished his work and we to the gym to pick you up.
--- Thank you, Mum.
A. drive B. drove C. have driven D. are driving
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查动词的时态。由句意可知本空应为现在进行时表将来的用法,故本题选择D。
2. Listen! Our teacher in the music classroom.
A. sings B. sang C. will sing D.is singing
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查动词的时态。根据Listen一词可知,唱歌的动作是正在进行的,所以应该选择现在进行时。故选D。
3. --- Be quick, Sara! The taxi is waiting for us outside.
--- A moment, please. I some visitors our products.
A. showed B. am showing C. was showing D. show
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查动词的时态。此处表示正在做某事,故用现在进行时。
4. It . Please take an umbrella with you, Annie.
A. rains B.is raining C. rained D. was raining
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查现在进行时态。根据“请随身带把雨伞”可知正在下雨,故本题选择B。
5. --- Hurry up!
--- One moment. I ______ my e-mails and then I’m ready to go.
A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. have read
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查动词的时态。根据One moment.可知,“我”正在看邮件,所以谓语动词应用现在进行时。故选择B。
一、用适当的反身代词或介词完成句子
1. My friends had a nice time in London. They enjoyed ________________ very much.
2. He never thinks about others. He only thinks about __________.
3. She makes all her clothes __________.
4. Simon, did you paint the room __________
5. We cleaned the room ______________.
6. Mary has just arrived __________ the airport.
7. Shanghai is __________ the east of China.
8. The plane flew _______________ the Great Wall.
9. I sat down __________ Jenny and Alice.
10. There is a table __________________ the window.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Mr. Zheng _______________（read） a book now.
2. Look! Tom and John _______________（swim） in the swimming pool.
3. My brother is not in the living room. He ___________（make） a kite in his room now.
4. We _____________（have） an English class now.
5. Listen! Someone ______________（sing） in the garden.
6. My parents ________________（grow） flowers in the garden now.
7. He usually __________（drink） coffee but now he ______________（drink） tea.
8. I _______________（watch） television with my mother now.
9. Look! Somebody ______________（run）.
10. Sandra is tired. She _________（want） to go home now.
三、单项选择
1. The Greens _________ the airport on time.
A. got B. reached to C. arrived at D. went
2. People from all over the world are welcome ________ at our five-star hotel.
A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. stayed
3. My mother doesn’t allow me ________ computer games too much.
A. to play B. playing C. play D. to playing
4. A. The bus was broken and the town was still far away. We can’t go _______ but wait.
A. everywhere B. somewhere C. nowhere D. anywhere
5. He never asks for help and he does everything by _________.
A. he B. him C. his D. himself
6. The baby was very tired and fell ________ on the way home.
A. sleep B. sleepy C. asleep D. sleeping
7. A. John ________ and thought he was late, so he jumped out of bed at once.
A. stayed up B. wake up C. gave up D. set up
8. The fish Tom cooked smelt _________ and tasted good.
A. well B. good C. better D. best
9. __________ the teacher’s help, I can speak better English.
A. Under B. For C. With D. Without
10. __________ my father and I love watching football match.
A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All
11. Trees help us fight _______ pollution.
A. for B. against C. with D. again
12. My classmates want to know more _______ the life in England.
A. to B. of C. about D. over
13. Dr Jones is always telling us _______ trees can help us protect the Earth.
A. how B. where C. when D. who
14. Look! The reporter _________ the famous actress Kate.
A. interview B. interviews C. is interviewing D. interviewed
15. Julie can find out the answer _______ many ways.
A. of B. by C. to D. in
16. It’s bad for us to ________ harmful gases a lot.
A. take off B. take out C. take down D. take in
17. He __________ the room but found nobody there.
A. looked down B. looked around C. looked up D. looked after
18. The chairs and desks in our school are made _______ wood.
A. in B. by C. of D. from
19. __________ travelers from all over the world come to visit China every year.
A. 3 million B. Millions of C. Million of D. 3 million of
20. All the human beings should stop ________ the world.
A. polluting B. polluted C. to pollute D. pollute
四、语法填空
A
Most people love animals because they are useful in many ways. They add more fun 1. _____ our life. We find many different kinds of animals 2. _____ Earth. Some animals, such as leopards （豹）, 3. __________（wolf） and foxes, live in big forests. They are called wild animals, and most of 4. ________（they） are dangerous to people. Others, like cows and dogs, live with human beings. They are called domestic animals （家禽）, and they are 5. ________（friend）. Animals are 6. ________________（importance） to human beings. People catch wild animals for fur （毛） and skins. People get meat 7. _____ sheep and pigs, and get milk from cows. Domestic animals can also help human beings8. _____（do）other work. For example, horses can take people 9. _____ other places. 10. ___________ these animals, life could be less fun and difficult for human beings.
B
Trees are our 1. ___________（friend）. We cannot live 2. ___________ trees. However, because people keep __________（cut）down trees, there are __________（few） and fewer trees in the world today. Trees are _________________（real） important to us. They produce oxygen for us ________________（breathe） and keep the air cool and clean. And they can take in ______________（harm） gases from the air. What’s more, they make our lives more convenient. For example, __________ lot of furniture __________（be）made of wood. So __________ is important for us to protect trees. To protect trees is to protect ourselves. We should stop people cutting down trees and plant as many trees as we can.
五、根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。
1. Drivers like listening to the r_____ while they are driving.
2. What’s your favourite TV___________________
3. My mum won’t a_____ me to go out at night.
4. Mike, w______ up! It’s 8 o’clock now.
5. It is d______ in the room and I can’t see anything.
6. The doctor is doing his best to s____ the little baby
7. This is an apple s____. You can plant it in your garden.
8. I was late for the job i__________, so I didn’t get the job.
9. No one is able to live without o_________.
10. It’s dangerous to fight a_________ the fire alone.
六、根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。
1. 你什么时候会到学校
When will you_______ _________ the school
2. 我一个人就能搬动那个箱子。
I can carry the box _________ _______.
3. 我闭上眼睛就睡着了。
The moment I closed my eyes, I _________ _________.
4. 树很重要,因为它们能够吸收有毒气体。
Trees are important because they can _________ _________harmful gases.
5. 玛丽是我的新同学。她来自美国。
Mary is my new classmate. She ________ _________ America.
6. 我原以为这电影很有趣,但其实它很无聊。
I thought the film would be interesting, but__________ __________, it’s very boring.
7. 我去周围转转,看能发现些什么。
I’m going to ______ _______ and see what I can find.
8. 这张课桌由木头制成。
The desk is ______ ____wood.
9. 每年有数百万游客来北京。
________ _________tourists come to Beijing every year.
10. 运动有益健康。
Doing sports is ______ _________ your health.
11. 今天早上4 点钟左右我就醒了。
I ______ _________around four o’clock this morning.
12. 导游带我们去参观了博物馆。
The travel guide _________ us _________ visit the museum.
【答案】
一、
1. themselves
2. himself
3. herself
4. yourself
5. ourselves
6. at
7. in
8. over/about
9. between
10. beside/by/near
二、
1. is reading
2. are swimming
3. is making
4. are having
5. is singing
6. are growing
7. drinks; is drinking
8. am watching
9. is running
10. wants
三、1-5 CCADD 6-10 CBBCA 11-15 BCACD 16-20 DBCBA
四、A
1. to
2. on
3. wolves
4. them
5. friendly
6. important
7. from
8. do
9. to
10. Without
B
1. friends
2. without
3. cutting
4. fewer
5. really
6. to breathe
7. harmful
8. a
9. is
10. it
五、
1. radio
2. programme
3. allow
4. wake
5. dark
6. save
7. seed
8. interview
9. oxygen
10. against
六、
1. arrive at
2. by myself
3. fell asleep
4. take in
5. is/comes from
6. in fact
7. look around
8. made of
9. Millions of
10. good for
11. woke up
12. led, to
重点单词
重点短语
语言考点梳理
语法精讲精练
目标导练
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中考一轮复习
牛津版（深圳广州）
第六讲 七年级下Units 3--4
1.瞎的；失明的 __________
2.无线电广播 __________
3.节目 ______________
4.有用的；有帮助的 ________
5.营救 ______________
6.表示……的意思 ________
7.接待员 ______________
8.允许进入(或出去、通过) _____
9.宠物___________
10.任何地方 ______________
11.道歉 ______________
12.(过去式led)带领 _________
13.(狗)吠叫 __________
14.(过去式woke)醒来 _______
radio
programme
helpful
rescue
mean
receptionist
allow
blind
pet
anywhere
apologize
lead
bark
wake
重点单词
15.毛巾______________
16.底部 ______________
17.终于；最后 __________
18.机场 ______________
19.出现______________
20.扮演 ______________
21.攀登；攀爬 _________
22.黑暗的 ______________
23.没有什么；没有一件东西________
24.拯救 ______________
25.松树 ______________
26.讨论 ______________
27.树枝 ______________
28.根 ______________
29.与……作斗争 ______________
30.反对______________
towel
bottom
finally
airport
appear
act
climb
dark
nothing
pine
discuss
branch
root
fight
save
against
31.例子 ______________
32.有害的______________
33.气体 ______________
34.产生；生产 ___________
35.氧气 ______________
36.主要的 ______________
37.方便的______________
38.家具 ______________
39.想像；设想 ______________
40.疾病______________
41.(过去式dug)挖___________
42.洞 ______________
43.搬；扛；背 ___________
44.容器______________
example
harmful
gas
produce
oxygen
major
convenient
furniture
imagine
dig
hole
carry
container
disease
1. 导盲犬 _______________
2. 到达 _______________
允许某人做某事 ___________________________________
4. 独自 _________________
5. 带着 (某人) 到…… _______________
6. 入睡 _____________________
7. 一段时间后 __________________
guide dog
arrive at
allow sb. to do sth./let sb. do sth.
by oneself
lead (sb.)to
fall asleep
some time later
重点短语
8. 开始做某事 ________________________________
9. 醒来 __________
10. 在……的帮助下 __________________________________
11. (在)……的底部 ____________________
12. 蹲下;趴下 __________
13. 在……旁边 __________
14. 消防车 _________________
15. 树的重要性 __________________________
start to do sth./start doing sth.
wake up
with one’s help/with the help of
(at) the bottom of
get down
next to
fire engine
the importance of trees
16. 为某人提供某物 _______________________________________
17. 在我们日常生活中 __________________
18. 在很多方面 _________________
19. 保持凉爽 ___________________
20. 吸收 __________
21. 有害气体 ____________________
22. 来自 ____________________
23. 例如 ________________________
provide sth.for sb./provide sb.with sth.
in our daily lives
in many ways
keep cool
take in
harmful gases
come from
for example / such as
24. （补充细节）确切地说 _________
25. 从……中得到…… ________________
26. 环顾四周 __________________
27. 由……制成 ____________________
28. 砍倒 _______________
29. 大量的；数以百万计的 ___________
30. 停止做某事 ________________
in fact
get … from …
look around
（be）made of/from
cut down
millions of
stop doing sth.
31. 对……有用，有好处 ______________
32. 一个主要的问题 ________________
33. 结果 ____________________
34. 充满…… ______________________________
（be）good for
a major problem
as a result
（be） full of … /be filled with …
考点1. allow v. 允许进入(或通过、出去)
例句：I’m sorry that we don’t allow pets here.
很抱歉，我们这里不允许带宠物。(7B U3)
练习：我们这里不允许吸烟。
We don’t _______ __________ here.
allow smoking
语言考点梳理
知识点链接 例句
①allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 麦克的父母不会允许他在外面待到很晚。
Mike’s parents won’t _____ him
____ _____ out late.
allow
to stay
考点2. apologize v. 道歉
例句：I’ve been selfish and I should apologize.
我太自私了，我应该道歉。
练习：你不需要道歉。
You don’t need ____ __________.
to apologize
知识点链接 例句
①apologize to sb. 向某人道歉 我来向你道歉。
I’ve come to _________ ____ you.
②apologize for (doing) sth. 因做某事而道歉 简因没能去她朋友的聚会而道歉。
Jane __________ ____ not being able to go to her friend’s party.
③apology n.道歉 Linda made an apology and left early.
琳达______后就提前离开了。
apologize to
apologized for
道歉
考点3. lead v. 带领
例句：The receptionist apologized and led John and
Charlie to their room.接待员道了歉，然后把约
翰和查理领到了他们的房间。(7B U3)
练习：昨天，导游领我们去了长城。
The guide _____ ___ ___ the Great Wall yesterday.
led us to
知识点链接 例句
①lead (sb.) to 带着(某人)到…… 你能带我去火车站吗？
Could you _____ ____ ____ the train station
②leader n.领导者 We need an excellent leader to solve these problems.
我们需要一个优秀的________来解决这些问题。
lead me to
领导者
考点4. do one’s best 尽某人最大的努力
例句：We must do our best to protect the Amazon
rainforest.
我们必须尽力保护亚马逊雨林。(7B U4)
练习：我会尽力查明真相。
I will ___ ____ ______ to find out the truth.
do my best
知识点链接 例句
do one’s best相当于try one’s best，后接动词不定式 我喜欢英语，并且尽我最大的努力去学习它。
I like English and try my best
___ _______it.
to learn
反身代词
反身代词1. 反身代词构词法：-self / -selves。第一、二人称由形容词性物主代词加-self / -selves；第三人称由宾格加-self / -selves。详见下表：
语法精讲精练
数 人称
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself,herself,
itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
2. 反身代词放在动词或介词后作宾语，指代主语本身，宾语和主语是同一人。如：
He blames himself for the mistake. 他为自己所犯的错误自责。
She made herself a cup of tea. 她为自己沏了一杯茶。
We should not think only of ourselves. 我们不能只考虑自己。
3. 用反身代词强调“亲自；本人”，放在主语后或句末作同位语。如：
He did the homework himself. 他独自完成了作业。
We ourselves can clean the kitchen. 我们自己就可以清洁厨房。
4. by加反身代词强调“独立；没有帮助”，放在句末。
We must do it by ourselves. 我们必须独立完成。
5. 含有反身代词的常见短语：
enjoy oneself 玩得开心 by oneself 独自
teach oneself 自学 talk / say to oneself 自言自语
think of oneself 考虑自己
help oneself to … 请随便吃点……
lose oneself in … 沉迷于……
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
introduce oneself 介绍自己
make oneself at home 别拘束；随便
hurt oneself 伤到自己
【典例1】(2021 深圳中考)
He enjoyed working by ________(he) from 10:00 p.m. to 4: 00 a.m.
himself
by oneself,由某人自己，本句主语为He, 所以要用其对应的反身代词himself
【典例2】(2021深圳龙华区一模)
Chinese people often use the term “laohuangniu” to describe those who help others and ask nothing for __________ （they）.
themselves
中国人经常用"老黄牛"这个词来形容那些不求回报却乐于助人的人，判断空格处词义为自己，用反身代词
【考点突破】
1.How delicious! Did the students make the fruit salad all by
A.they B.them C.their D.themselves
【解析】本题考查代词的用法。they 他们，主格，作主语；them 他们，宾格，作宾语；their 他们的，形容词性物主代词，后跟名词； themselves 他们自己，反身代词。do sth. by oneself 自己做某事。故选D项。
D
2. When times are difficult, tell that pain is part of growing.
A.you B.yourself C.your D.yours
【解析】本题考查代词。本句中的祈使句“tell...”隐含着主语 you；设空处作 tell 的宾语，与主语 you 指同一个人，故设空处用反身代词。故选 B项。
B
3. --- Jack, you swam very well. Who taught you
--- Nobody. I taught .
A. I B. me C. myself D. mine
【解析】本题考查反身代词。根据答句中的 Nobody 可知，没有人教，所以是自学的，应选 myself “我自己”。A项是主格，B项是宾格，D项是名词性物主代词，因此选C。
C
4. --- She is too busy to help us finish the work.
--- Let’s do it .
A. herself B. myself C. itself D. ourselves
【解析】本题考查反身代词。herself 她自己；myself 我自己；itself 它自己；ourselves 我们自己。根据上下句语境，特别是上句中的 us 以及下一句的 Let’s 可知选D。
D
5. His name is James, but he usually calls Jim.
A.he B.him C.his D.himself
【解析】本题考查代词。根据句意可知，calls 后面跟
反身代词作宾语，he 的反身代词是 himself，故选D项。
D
方位介词就是用来表示方位的介词。中学阶段比较重要的方位介词有：
1. in在大地方; at 在小地方。如：
He arrived in Shenzhen yesterday. 他昨天到了深圳。
He arrived at the village yesterday. 他昨天到了乡下。
方位介词
2. in在里面; on相接壤; to 相离。如：
Shenzhen lies / is in the south of China.
深圳位于中国南部。
Guangdong lies / is on the east of Guangxi.
广东位于广西东边。
Japan lies / is to the east of China. 日本位于中国东边。
3. in在里面；out（of） 在外面； inside在里面； outside在外面。如：
There is a book in / inside the box. 箱子里有一本书。
There is a book out of / outside the box. 箱子外有一本书。
4. on 在……上面（两者紧贴）; over 在……（正）上方
（两者垂直悬空不接触）; above 在……上方，高于……。如：
There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞。
5. over在……上方；under在……下方，under和over互为反义词。如：
There is a light over the desk. 书桌上方有一盏灯。
There is a book under the desk. 书桌下方有一本书。
6. above在……上方，高于……；below在……下方，低于……, below和above互为反义词。如：
The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞。
The plane flies below the clouds. 飞机在云层下飞。
7. behind 在……后面；in front of 在……前面，in front of和behind互为反义词。另外，in the front of 在……前部
（在内部靠前的地方）。如：
There is a tree behind the house. 房子后面有一棵树。
There is a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。
There is a table in the front of the room. 房间的前部有一张桌子。
8. next to紧靠着; beside / by / near在旁边；在附近。如：
The little girl sat next to her mother. 小女孩紧挨着妈妈坐着。
There is a house beside / by / near the river. 河的附近有一座房子。
9. between 在两者之间; among 在……（三者及以上）之间。如：
He is standing between you and me.
他站在你我之间。
He is standing among us. 他站在我们之间。
10. in the tree在树上（外来物）; on the tree在树上（原生物）。如：
There are some birds in the tree. 树上有一些小鸟。
There are some flowers on the tree. 树上有一些花。
【典例】（2021深圳龙华区二模）
Sai Weng’s other neighbour arrived _______his door and congratulated him.
at
arrive at为固定搭配，意为"到达"
【考点突破】
1. --- Shall I help you the street, Grandpa
--- No, thanks. I can manage it myself.
A.on B.with C.across D.along
【解析】本题考查介词辨析。A. 在……上；B. 伴随，和；C. 横穿；D. 沿着。根据语境可知，此处是主动向过马路的爷爷提出帮助。故选C项。
C
2. In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy.
A. beside B. among C. up D. through
【解析】此题考查介词。beside 在……旁边，among 在……之中（三者及以上），up 向上，through 从内部穿过。根据句意判断出方位介词应选 beside，选择A 。
A
3. Many young people put mobile gaming anything else, thinking little of their normal lives.
A. along with B. behind
C. before D. in front of
【解析】 along with与，同……一道，连同；behind在……之后；before 在……之前；in front of在……前面。根据句意可知答案为C项。
C
4. In the last few months, the teachers have given lessons
the Internet as webcasts(主播).
A. for B. at C. in D. on
【解析】本题考查介词。on the Internet在互联网上。故选D。
D
5. On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel
the window.
A. by B. for C. with D. from
【解析】本题考查介词的用法。A选项意思为“在旁边”；B选项意思为“为了”；C选项意思为“和，有，用”；D选项意思为“从”。故选A。
A
现在进行时
1. 概念：现在进行时表示某个正在发生的动作或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动。
2. 结构：be+v-ing
3. 标志词：now, look, listen, at present, at the moment
4. 动词的现在分词变化规则
情况 方法 例子
一般情况 直接加ing cook—cooking,
sleep—sleeping
以不发音的e结尾 去e加ing make—making, taste—tasting
以重读闭音节结尾的 双写最后的辅音字母,再加ing run—running, stop—stopping, sit—sitting
以ie结尾的 变ie为y，再加ing die—dying, lie—lying,
tie—tying
5. 否定句结构：be+not+doing.
The children are not playing in the park now. 孩子们现在不在公园里玩。
6. 一般疑问句结构：Be+主语+doing？如：
Are the children playing in the park now？孩子们现在正在公园里玩吗？
7. 特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词+be+主语+doing？
What are they doing now 他们现在正在做什么？
8. 现在进行时除了表示“现在”，还可以表示“将来”，这类动词有come, go， fly, leave, arrive等。
I am going. 我要走了。
She is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 她明天要去北京。
The bus is coming soon. 公共汽车一会儿就到。
He is flying to America this weekend. 他这个周末坐飞机去美国。
9. 有些动词不能用进行时态。如：
（1）表示感觉的动词,如:feel, hear, see, smell等。
（2）表示感情和情绪的动词，如:like, love, hate, want等。
（3）表示精神活动的动词，如：understand, believe, know, mean, remember等。
【典例】（2021广州中考）
He works so hard in the field, but now it _______up.
A. dry B. is drying
C. dried D. was drying
B
根据关键词now,可知句子为现在进行时态。
句意为：他在田里干活，但现在玉米干涸。
【考点突破】
1. --- Linda, Dad has finished his work and we to the gym to pick you up.
--- Thank you, Mum.
A.drive B.drove
C.have driven D.are driving
【解析】本题考查动词的时态。由句意可知本空应为现在进行时表将来的用法,故本题选择D。
D
2. Listen! Our teacher in the music classroom.
A.sings B.sang C.will sing D.is singing
【解析】本题考查动词的时态。根据Listen一词可知,唱歌的
动作是正在进行的,所以应该选择现在进行时。故选D。
D
3. --- Be quick, Sara!The taxi is waiting for us outside.
--- A moment, please. I some visitors our products.
A.showed B.am showing
C.was showing D.show
【解析】本题考查动词的时态。此处表示正在做某事,故用现在进行时。
B
4. It . Please take an umbrella with you, Annie.
A.rains B.is raining
C.rained D.was raining
【解析】本题考查现在进行时态。根据“请随身带把雨伞”可知正在下雨,故本题选择B。
B
5. --- Hurry up!
--- One moment. I ______ my e-mails and then I’m
ready to go.
A.read B.am reading
C.was reading D.have read
【解析】本题考查动词的时态。根据One moment.可知,“我”正在看邮件,所以谓语动词应用现在进行时。故选择B。
B
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