2022届高考英语二轮复习：概要写作语言精进对策课件（22张ppt）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：概要写作语言精进对策课件（22张ppt） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 139.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-12-27 16:14:52 | ||
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文档简介
(共22张PPT)
精心打磨，追求完美
概要写作语言精进对策
宁波滨海国际合作学校 陈吉凤
概要写作的概念
《牛津高阶英语词典》：A summary is a brief statement that gives only the main points of something, not the details.
概要（summary）是一种对原始文章的主要观点或者事实进行浓缩加工并构建语义连贯短文的过程。
Brandon & Brandon (2014)认为概要写作是用自己的语言来表达主旨的一种书面的、浓缩版的写作任务。
一、从概要写作要求看能力需要
基于概念的解读
不是新创作，无需对文章内容进行评价或解释，无需添加描述或是进行意义重建，只是在充分理解原文的基础上，吸收原文的结构和语言，写出内容一致、结构相似、口吻一致、语义连贯、语言简洁的短文。
complete
correct
concise
coherent
objective
一、从概要写作要求看能力需要
学会在压缩中重述
二、话题选择背景：
Possible Steps of Writing a Summary
Step 1: Do a global reading and identify its writing style, tone, organization.
Step 2: Extract main points and major details.
Step 3: Paraphrase the extracted main points and major details.
Step 4: Combine them together using conjunctions.
Step 5: check and confirm whether you keep its original style, tone and organization.
纵览全文，识别风格、口吻和组织模式
提取要点和主要细节
重述所提取的要点和主要细节
把重述后的文字连句成篇
确认概要是保持原文的风格、口吻和组织模式
The survey shows that …
How to
Condense it
Paraphrase it
三、强化重述技巧（词汇层面）
1. 对等替换（字数、词性）
原词 可替换词
attractive
angry
a few
bad
appealing/enchanting/absorbing
annoyed/irritated/mad/crazy
several/ a handful of
lousy/undesirable/dreadful/abominable
二、强化重述技巧（词汇层面）
1. 对等替换（字数、词性）
原词 可替换词
brave
dangerous
difficult
energetic
bold/courageous/fearless
threatening/hazardous
demanding/challenging/complicated
vigorous/animated/dynamic
二、强化重述技巧（词汇层面）
2. 虚义短语替换成实义动词
虚义动词短语 实义动词
give a description of
conduct an investigation
give a helping hand
carry out an operation
describe
investigate
help
operate
二、学会重述技巧（词汇层面）
3.特定名词取代偏正短语
a. You can buy one in that small shop
selling fashional clothes or fanstastic objects.
→ You can buy one in that boutique.
b.There are quite a few extremely tall buildings in Shanghai.
There are quite a few skyscrapers in Shanghai.
C. Mozart was a young person having a great natural ability in music.
→ Mozart was a musical prodigy.
二、强化重述技巧（词汇层面）
4.单词替代同义叠用短语
叠用短语 单词
each and every
in a fast manner
and so on and so forth
visible to the naked eyes
Such plants are few in number.
every
fast
and so on
visible
few
二、强化重述技巧（词汇层面）
4.单词取代多词习语
多词习语 单词
on account of the fact that
regardless of the fact that
if it should haappen that
with regard to in connection to
at this point in time
because
although
if
about
now
二、强化重述技巧（句子层面）
1.分词替换从句
a. Though he was born into a badly-off family, he still managed to live a legendary life.
→ Born into a poor family, he still managed to live a legenardy life.
b. If you make every effort to achieve your dreams, you are bound to make it.
→ Making every effort to achieve your dreams, you are bound to make it.
二、强化重述技巧（句子层面）
1.分词替换从句
a. The novel coronavirus pneumonia is rampant worldwide, which seems as if it were to ravage all us human beings.
→. The novel coronavirus pneumonia is rampant worldwide, seeming as if it were to ravage all us human beings.
b. After Li Lanjuan put forward the suggestion, she was relieved that it was adopted.
→ Having put forward the suggestion, Li Lanjuan was relieved that it was adopted.
二、强化重述技巧（句子层面）
2.被动变主动
False news about the epidemic outbreak shouldn’t be circulated.
→ We shouldn’t circulate false news about the epidemic outbreak.
The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia will be eradicated by us soon.
→ We will eradicate the novel coronvirus pneunonia soon.
二、学会重述技巧（句子层面）
3.其它句式
a. It is our parents who bring us up.
→ Our parents bring us up.
b. He not only teaches in school, but also cooks at home.
→ He teaches and cooks.
c. There were various types of drones which got involved in this year’s military parade.
→ Various types of drones got involved in this year’s military parade.
三、学会压缩技巧(句子层面)
试试剪枝阅读法：保留主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语，有时候保留同位语和目的状语；剪去介词短语、副词、定语从句、状语从句。
1. It's a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same.
It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply.
2. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students.
Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus.
3. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away.
It seems crazy and it can be pricey.
4. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.
But keep in mind that you are making a decision, and do the research to make sure you are making the right one.
三、学会压缩技巧(语篇层面)
试试剪枝阅读法：保留要点；剪去次要点。
以2019年6月浙江高考概要写作真题为例。
Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, "We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict." By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that's insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents' praise has put them.
Still, don't go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they're not good enough or that you don't care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward." We should especially recognize our children's efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal, "says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. "One thing to remember is that it's the process not the end product that matters."
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it.
Argumentation
phenomenon现象
argument 论点
advice 1
advice 2
advice 3
persuasive
organization/
structure
phenomenon / problem(para1)
advice1 (para2)
advice 2 (para3)
advice3 (para4)
To boost their confidence, parents tend to overpraise children, which may have opposite effects. However, inadequate praise can be equally harmful, causing them to be disheartened. Actually, experts suggest that parents stress the quality of their sincere praise, focusing on the effort and process. Besides, parents should also be aware that praise needs to be based on specific tasks and in accordance with children's efforts.
65 words
A possible version of the summary
persuasive
can
experts suggest that
parents
should also be aware that
phenomenon
reason
argument
advice 1
advice 2
advice 3
Tip 1 : Keep its tone(口吻).
Tip 2 : Keep its organization(组织结构).
be
Condense
Paraphrase it
But keep it !
Thank you for watching
by Daniel (陈吉凤)
Ningbo Binhai International Cooperative School
精心打磨，追求完美
概要写作语言精进对策
宁波滨海国际合作学校 陈吉凤
概要写作的概念
《牛津高阶英语词典》：A summary is a brief statement that gives only the main points of something, not the details.
概要（summary）是一种对原始文章的主要观点或者事实进行浓缩加工并构建语义连贯短文的过程。
Brandon & Brandon (2014)认为概要写作是用自己的语言来表达主旨的一种书面的、浓缩版的写作任务。
一、从概要写作要求看能力需要
基于概念的解读
不是新创作，无需对文章内容进行评价或解释，无需添加描述或是进行意义重建，只是在充分理解原文的基础上，吸收原文的结构和语言，写出内容一致、结构相似、口吻一致、语义连贯、语言简洁的短文。
complete
correct
concise
coherent
objective
一、从概要写作要求看能力需要
学会在压缩中重述
二、话题选择背景：
Possible Steps of Writing a Summary
Step 1: Do a global reading and identify its writing style, tone, organization.
Step 2: Extract main points and major details.
Step 3: Paraphrase the extracted main points and major details.
Step 4: Combine them together using conjunctions.
Step 5: check and confirm whether you keep its original style, tone and organization.
纵览全文，识别风格、口吻和组织模式
提取要点和主要细节
重述所提取的要点和主要细节
把重述后的文字连句成篇
确认概要是保持原文的风格、口吻和组织模式
The survey shows that …
How to
Condense it
Paraphrase it
三、强化重述技巧（词汇层面）
1. 对等替换（字数、词性）
原词 可替换词
attractive
angry
a few
bad
appealing/enchanting/absorbing
annoyed/irritated/mad/crazy
several/ a handful of
lousy/undesirable/dreadful/abominable
二、强化重述技巧（词汇层面）
1. 对等替换（字数、词性）
原词 可替换词
brave
dangerous
difficult
energetic
bold/courageous/fearless
threatening/hazardous
demanding/challenging/complicated
vigorous/animated/dynamic
二、强化重述技巧（词汇层面）
2. 虚义短语替换成实义动词
虚义动词短语 实义动词
give a description of
conduct an investigation
give a helping hand
carry out an operation
describe
investigate
help
operate
二、学会重述技巧（词汇层面）
3.特定名词取代偏正短语
a. You can buy one in that small shop
selling fashional clothes or fanstastic objects.
→ You can buy one in that boutique.
b.There are quite a few extremely tall buildings in Shanghai.
There are quite a few skyscrapers in Shanghai.
C. Mozart was a young person having a great natural ability in music.
→ Mozart was a musical prodigy.
二、强化重述技巧（词汇层面）
4.单词替代同义叠用短语
叠用短语 单词
each and every
in a fast manner
and so on and so forth
visible to the naked eyes
Such plants are few in number.
every
fast
and so on
visible
few
二、强化重述技巧（词汇层面）
4.单词取代多词习语
多词习语 单词
on account of the fact that
regardless of the fact that
if it should haappen that
with regard to in connection to
at this point in time
because
although
if
about
now
二、强化重述技巧（句子层面）
1.分词替换从句
a. Though he was born into a badly-off family, he still managed to live a legendary life.
→ Born into a poor family, he still managed to live a legenardy life.
b. If you make every effort to achieve your dreams, you are bound to make it.
→ Making every effort to achieve your dreams, you are bound to make it.
二、强化重述技巧（句子层面）
1.分词替换从句
a. The novel coronavirus pneumonia is rampant worldwide, which seems as if it were to ravage all us human beings.
→. The novel coronavirus pneumonia is rampant worldwide, seeming as if it were to ravage all us human beings.
b. After Li Lanjuan put forward the suggestion, she was relieved that it was adopted.
→ Having put forward the suggestion, Li Lanjuan was relieved that it was adopted.
二、强化重述技巧（句子层面）
2.被动变主动
False news about the epidemic outbreak shouldn’t be circulated.
→ We shouldn’t circulate false news about the epidemic outbreak.
The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia will be eradicated by us soon.
→ We will eradicate the novel coronvirus pneunonia soon.
二、学会重述技巧（句子层面）
3.其它句式
a. It is our parents who bring us up.
→ Our parents bring us up.
b. He not only teaches in school, but also cooks at home.
→ He teaches and cooks.
c. There were various types of drones which got involved in this year’s military parade.
→ Various types of drones got involved in this year’s military parade.
三、学会压缩技巧(句子层面)
试试剪枝阅读法：保留主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语，有时候保留同位语和目的状语；剪去介词短语、副词、定语从句、状语从句。
1. It's a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same.
It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply.
2. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students.
Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus.
3. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away.
It seems crazy and it can be pricey.
4. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.
But keep in mind that you are making a decision, and do the research to make sure you are making the right one.
三、学会压缩技巧(语篇层面)
试试剪枝阅读法：保留要点；剪去次要点。
以2019年6月浙江高考概要写作真题为例。
Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, "We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict." By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that's insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents' praise has put them.
Still, don't go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they're not good enough or that you don't care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward." We should especially recognize our children's efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal, "says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. "One thing to remember is that it's the process not the end product that matters."
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it.
Argumentation
phenomenon现象
argument 论点
advice 1
advice 2
advice 3
persuasive
organization/
structure
phenomenon / problem(para1)
advice1 (para2)
advice 2 (para3)
advice3 (para4)
To boost their confidence, parents tend to overpraise children, which may have opposite effects. However, inadequate praise can be equally harmful, causing them to be disheartened. Actually, experts suggest that parents stress the quality of their sincere praise, focusing on the effort and process. Besides, parents should also be aware that praise needs to be based on specific tasks and in accordance with children's efforts.
65 words
A possible version of the summary
persuasive
can
experts suggest that
parents
should also be aware that
phenomenon
reason
argument
advice 1
advice 2
advice 3
Tip 1 : Keep its tone(口吻).
Tip 2 : Keep its organization(组织结构).
be
Condense
Paraphrase it
But keep it !
Thank you for watching
by Daniel (陈吉凤)
Ningbo Binhai International Cooperative School