2022年中考英语一轮复习阅读与完形训练五

2022届中考英语一轮复习阅读与完形训练五
A
After 16 years as German Chancellor (总理), Angela Merkel has stepped down from her position (职位) as national leader after elections on Sept 26.
Born in 1954, Merkel worked as a research scientist until she entered politics in the 1990s. In 2005, she was chosen as German Chancellor and was later re-elected (再次当选) three times. She was the first woman in Germany to hold this position.
Merkel will be remembered as a leader who was calm and trustworthy in the face of crisis (危机). Germany is Europe’s largest economic power. During the global financial crisis (全球金融危机) in 2008, Merkel made decisions carefully to help the European Union avoid serious trouble. In fighting the COVID-19 pandemic (大流行), under her leadership, the number of deaths in Germany has been much lower than that in other European countries such as Italy and the UK, according to World Health Organization.
During her time as Chancellor, the China-Germany relationship saw good progress. China has been Germany’s largest trading partner since 2016. The two-way trade reached around $248.4 billion (about 1.6 trillion yuan) in 2020, despite (尽管) the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, reported China Daily.
Merkel is also seen as a caring and empathetic (有同情心的) leader. In 2015, she made the decision to allow a large number of refugees (难民) to enter Germany from Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq. At the end of 2019, Germany reported almost 1.15 million refugees, making it the biggest host country of refugees in Europe, according to the United Nations.
As The Washington Post reported, Merkel’s leaving symbolizes the end of an era, not only for Germany, but for Europe.
1. How many times was Merkel chosen as chancellor
A. Once.
B. Twice.
C. Three times.
D. Four times.
2. Facing crises, Merkel _____.
A. caused a lot of trouble
B. took proper actions
C. turned to the EU for help
D. didn’t care about her people
3. According to China Daily, _____.
A. the Germany-China relationship has improved under Merkel’s leadership
B. the China-Germany relationship stopped because of the pandemic
C. China spends lots of money buying German technology each year
D. China set up relations with Germany in 2016
4. How did Merkel deal with refugees
A. She drove them out of Germany.
B. She cared and helped many refugees.
C. She sent refugees back to their countries.
D. She visited their home countries.
5. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Germany developed fast under Merkel’s leadership.
B. Merkel was the best Chancellor in Germany ever.
C. German people prefer Merkel to be their next Chancellor.
D. Merkel’s leadership has been deeply influential.
B
If you visit some villages in the English countryside, you might be lucky to see morris dancing. People are not sure how old this kind of dancing is. Some think it started 2,000 years ago, but most agree that morris dancing is probably about five centuries old.
Many agree that it celebrates traditional English farm life on holidays. Morris dancers wear traditional costumes (服装). Usually, this is a white shirt, a bright jacket, a hat and small bells called “jingle bells”. There are different styles of morris dancing from different places around England.
In Cotswold morris, the dancers usually carry white handkerchiefs (手绢) and sticks (棍子), which they hit as they dance. Each dance has six male (男性的) dancers in Cotswold style, with a musician who plays a pipe (管乐器) or a violin.
Morris dancing styles from the north of England often use swords (剑) instead of sticks, and dancers can look a little like soldiers (士兵), which is different from southern styles. It is common in this style for men and women to dance together.
Border morris comes from the west of England, near the border with Wales. Dancers in this style usually wear normal clothes decorated with pieces of colorful paper, and sometimes they put black paint on their faces.
Morris dancing is an old English tradition but it’s facing a big crisis (危机). As the years go by, fewer and fewer young people join morris dancing groups. Some worry that if nothing is done to change this, the tradition will die out.
1. Morris dancing is considered to celebrate _____.
A. traditional English farm life
B. English family reunions
C. the end of autumn
D. a big harvest
2. What is morris dancing like in the north of England
A. People ring jingle bells while dancing.
B. People dress up like soldiers with swords.
C. People wear black paint on their faces.
D. Each dance has six male dancers.
3. What is the crisis that morris dancing faces
A. Some styles of morris dancing have died out.
B. It is only popular among young people.
C. There is no morris dancing in Scotland.
D. It faces the danger of being forgotten.
C
Reading Lu Xun’s essays have become common memories of Chinese students. From a young age, we study his essays such as From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Study (《从百草园到三味书屋》) and My Old Home (《故乡》). We get to know Runtu and Kong Yiji under his pen.
This year marks (标志) the 140th anniversary of the great writer’s birth. Born on Sept 25, 1881, his real name is Zhou Shuren. So many years have passed. How do young people look at him
Lu Xun’s life experiences still inspire young people. He went to Japan to study medicine as his father died of illness.v But seeing the dark sides of Chinese society of the early 20th century, he decided to pick up a pen instead of a scalpel (手术刀). He wrote stories to show the dark side of society and tradition, trying to enlighten (启迪) people.
“He really encouraged me a lot as he changed his dream to save the country,” said Zhao Zhihan, 13, from Beijing. “When we make choices, we should consider what they are for.”
Though Lu Xun’s works were written in his time, they still make sense today. For example, the Kong Yiji story criticizes (批判) the exam-based (应试的) education system based on Kong’s experience. A Madman’s Diary (《狂人日记》) points out that the dark society is a “man-eating” one. A young reader named Mian said some words in this story could be used to talk about social issues (问题) today.
“I think the most beneficial (令人受益的) part is that Lu Xun uncovered the unreasonable sides of society accurately (准确地) and sharply, forcing you to think and reflect,” Mian told ThePaper. “Reading an article by him is more meaningful than reading dozens by nobodies. His care for society and sharpness are unique.”
1. _x0007_Why are people thinking a lot about Lu Xun this year
__________________________________
2. What did Lu Xun study in Japan
__________________________________
3. Why did Lu Xun become a writer
__________________________________
4. Why is Lu Xun popular on Bilibili
__________________________________
5. _x0007_Why was Lu Xun called “the father of modern Chinese literature”
__________________________________

D
People often say, “You can’t live only on air.” But Chinese scientists can now tell you: Maybe you can.
Scientists from Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences made a big breakthrough. They have turned carbon dioxide (CO2, 二氧化碳), the “infamous” (声名狼藉的) greenhouse gas, into starch (淀粉).
Starch is the main part of the flour, rice and corn that we eat every day. It’s created by plants through photosynthesis (光合作用). But according to the team’s director Ma Yanhe, plants do this in a complex (复杂的) and inefficient (低效的) way, which takes about 60 steps. The new study, after six years of hard work, has found a simpler way to do this, with only 11 steps.
“Our study shows that creating complex compounds (化合物) like starch is possible in a lab (实验室), and there are many areas that can benefit from this technology,” Ma told China Daily.
The scientists first turned CO2 and hydrogen gas into methanol (甲醇). Then they pieced these methanol molecules (分子) into bigger and more complex molecules. Finally the starch came out.
This method makes it possible to produce food in factories, replacing traditional farming. This will not only help make plenty of starchy crops (农作物) such as potatoes, but also save water, fertilizer (肥料) and land. It may also help recycle CO2 to deal with climate change, according to China Daily.
The study can benefit space exploration too. Astronauts no longer need to worry about their food as they travel in space. They may simply turn the CO2 they breathe into the food they eat!
Choose the answer:
1. _x0007_Compared to the process used by plants, it’s _____ to make starch using CO2.
A. harder
B. easier
C. slower
D. complex
2. From Paragraph 5 we can learn _____.
A. why the new finding is meaningful
B. what scientists researched in the past
C. where the starch compounds are used
D. how starch is made from CO2
3. The starch is compounded in the order of _____.
CO2
methanol molecules
starch
hydrogen gas
complex molecules
4. How does the new finding help us
a. It helps protect our environment.
b. It helps save natural resources.
c. It deals with the food problems of astronauts.
d. It helps people have healthy diets.
A. abc B. abd
C. acd D. bcd
E
Cloze
Do you live in a big city I do. Every day, the streets are 1 with the activity of millions of souls, each of them living in their own way. It 2 that people from every corner of the planet live here. And every single person has their own unique story.
However, people here can often 3 quite lonely. It’s a strange contradiction (矛盾) － you’re surrounded by other people at every moment, but you still feel like you’re the 4 person on the planet. You can 5 a crowd and feel like you’re floating (漂浮) alone in space. Even the 6 shopping mall can feel like a foreign planet.
Have you ever felt like this It’s not an 7 feeling. Living in crowded urban areas can often make people feel this way. There are many ways to 8 this feeling － but perhaps the 9 way is to rely on your friends.
When I’m feeling lonely or sad, the 10 thing I do is pick up my phone and text a friend. All of us are busy with work and personal 11 － but my closest friends always take the time to 12 . In a world 13 feelings of loneliness can come so easily, friends are the best antidote (解药) to these feelings. I’ve gotten through some of the 14 times in my life with the help of my friends. Take time to nurture (培养) your own 15 . You never know when you will need someone to lift you up.
1. A. quiet B. dirty
C. clean D. noisy
2. A. seems B. believes
C. turns D. becomes
3. A. touch B. smell
C. feel D. taste
4. A. just B. only
C. smart D. real
5. A. walk through B. step on
C. put through D. pick up
6. A. strongest B. farthest
C. oldest D. busiest
7. A. normal B. unusual
C. common D. good
8. A. pass on B. turn on
C. deal with D. make up
9. A. good B. better
C. best D. worst
10. A. first B. other
C. new D. whole
11. A. safety B. matters
C. income D. freedom
12. A. forget B. agree
C. refuse D. reply
13. A. what B. where
C. when D. why
14. A. hardest B. happiest
C. brightest D. hottest
15. A. families B. interests
C. friendships D. growths
参考答案
A: DBABD B: ABD
C: 1. This year marks the 140th anniversary of his birthday.
2. Medicine.
3. Because he wanted to inspire Chinese people with his works.
4. Because Lu Xun’s words and ideas are still inspiring.
5. Because he was the first person to write a novel in Chinese vernacular.
D: BDCA
E: 1-5 DACBA 6-10 DBCCA 11-15 BDBAC