2022年中考英语一轮复习阅读与完形训练一（含答案）

2022届中考英语一轮复习阅读与完形训练一
A
When you see a photo of a beach covered in dreamy pink sand on social media, you might wish to visit the place in person.uBut when you get there, you find nothing but a lake shore (岸) with broken red bricks.
This is one of the many complaints (投诉) that users shared online about their disappointing (令人失望的) experiences following travel guides on Xiaohongshu, a lifestyle sharing platform. The app allows users to share travel blogs and lifestyle stories through short videos and photos.
Some angry users put “before” and “after” photos of scenic spots (景点) to show the difference between real life and the online posts, reported China Daily.
On Oct 17, Xiaohongshu apologized (道歉) for posting over-retouched (过度美化的) pictures. According to the company, some bloggers did not make clear that their pictures were works of photography and those pictures were taken as travel guides by some app users.
Xiaohongshu said it’s going to bring out scenic spot ranking lists along with places-to-avoid lists. The move is to make sure users can get more diversified (多样化的) information.
People have different opinions about the issue. Many agree that the beautiful but not real photos are “fraudulent (欺骗性的)” or misleading. Some, however, argue that it is not wrong for people to post fascinating photos, and viewers should learn to recognize what is true and what is false.
Gu Huimin, dean of the School of Tourism Sciences from Beijing International Studies University, said that social media companies should have rules about content (内容) posted on their platforms (平台).
“Instead of over-retouched pictures, the platforms can show content digging into (深入挖掘) the culture of a tourist site,” Gu said. “The viewers, on the other hand, should understand that real traveling is far more than simply ‘checking in’ at an internet–famous site.”
Choose the answer:
1. Xiaohongshu got complaints for allowing users to _____.
A. log in with unreal names
B. share personal information
C. show unreal content
D. post pictures and videos
2. To solve the problem, Xiaohongshu will _____.
A. offer scenic spot ranking lists
B. take down some bloggers’ accounts
C. offer official travel guides for users
D. pay back money to users who were misled
3. Paragraph 6 is written to _____.
A. introduce how to tell between real and unreal content
B. show examples of people who were misled
C. explain why some bloggers post unreal content
D. show what people think about the issue
4. What is Gu Huimin’s opinion
A. Xiaohongshu should be taken down from the app shop.
B. The platform should keep an eye on its content.
C. People who post unreal content should be punished.
D. People should check scenic spots before setting out.

B
Many people think of cities and nature as two unrelated (不相关的) things. If you want to see wildlife, you need to get out of the city. But does it have to be this way According to The Guardian, some cities around the world are trying new and creative ways to bring nature and wildlife into urban (城市的) areas. Let’s check out three of them here!

Community gardens in Los Angeles
In order to make better use of city gardens, places like Los Angeles in the US have made community gardens. This project brings together people from all walks of life and promotes (推广) healthy living.
The gardens serve the community in many ways. In their traditional gardens, people can rent (租) plots to grow their own food. In the educational gardens, people are taught about gardening and eating healthily. In urban farms, people grow vegetables to sell at markets with the profits (利润) going to people in need.
The Los Angeles Community Garden Council manages 42 community gardens of its own and 125 others. They serve more than 6,000 families.
Wildlife bridges in Edmonton
To help keep animals’ habitats (栖息地) connected, more than a dozen wildlife bridges and passages have been built in Edmonton, Canada. The bridges serve as corridors (长廊) for moose (驼鹿) and other animals.
One of the largest is a 30-meter-long bridge near Big Lake in the northwest of the city. Trees on the bridge provide shelter (庇护) for animals as they cross.vSmaller bridges have been made with special passes for salamanders (蝾螈) and frogs so that they can avoid crossing roads as they move between the wetlands and forest.
Similar wildlife passages have been built in other countries. The biggest wildlife corridor in the world is planned to extend (延伸) over Highway 101 in Los Angeles, US. It aims to protect mountain lion habitats. In China, along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, there are special bridges and passages for yaks (牦牛), Tibetan antelopes (藏羚羊) and other animals to cross.
Wuhan the “sponge city”
No, “sponge city” (海绵城市) does not mean the place where SpongeBob SquarePants (《海绵宝宝》) lives. A “sponge city” is a city with a nature-friendly way to defend (防御) against floods. Just as a sponge can absorb (吸收) water, a sponge city can deal with heavy rain.
Wuhan is one of China’s first cities to start the project. By the end of last year, 20 percent of the city’s area reached the standard (标准) of a sponge city. In 2030, it will reach 80 percent.
Pavements (人行道) that water can pass through were built. People also created rain gardens, which are low grasslands to collect and absorb water. Man-made wetlands were built, too. All in all, when it rains heavily, these facilities (设施) can hold rainwater. So there will be less flooding.
There are now more than 30 “sponge cities” in China, including Jinan and Xiamen.
1. With community gardens in Los Angeles, people can _____.
a. rent plots for farming
b. learn how to do gardening
c. grow vegetables to sell
d. draw visitors from other cities
A. abc B. abd
C. acd D. bcd
2. In Edmonton, wildlife bridges and passages have been built to _____.
A. connect animals’ habitats
B. provide mountain lions with shelter
C. protect wetlands and forests
D. extend highways around the city
3. Wuhan is called a “sponge city” because _____.
A. SpongeBob SquarePants lives there
B. it has many sponge-producing factories
C. the city is able to deal with heavy rain
D. most of the country’s wetlands are in this city

C
According to Chinese mythology (神话), Dayu, the founder of the Xia Dynasty (c. 21st century-16th century BC), divided the country into nine zhou, or regions. The nine regions were Jizhou (冀州), Qingzhou (青州), Yuzhou (豫州), Yangzhou (扬州), Xuzhou (徐州), Liangzhou (梁州), Yongzhou (雍州), Yanzhou (兖州) and Jingzhou (荆州). All of them were north of the Yangtze River. Most were in the Yellow River basin (流域).
During the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 24), Emperor Wudi set up 13 zhou and borrowed most of their names from the old nine regions. New names were also added, including Youzhou (幽州), Bingzhou (并州) and Liangzhou (凉州).
In later dynasties, zhou was used as a unit of administrative division (行政区划), although with different sizes. In modern times, the unit of administrative division has changed a lot.
However, the character zhou is still kept in the names of many cities today. For example, Guangzhou was set up by Sun Quan, the ruler (统治者) of Wu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). Before that, it had been a part of Jiaozhou, a region that included today’s Guangdong and Guangxi. Fuzhou used to have different names, like Quanzhou and Minzhou. During the Tang Dynasty (618-907) it got the present name because of a nearby mountain called Fushan.
Answer the questions:
1. Who might be the first person to name districts with “zhou”
_______________________________________
2. How many “zhou” were there in the Western Han Dynasty
_______________________________________
3. When was Guangzhou first set up
_______________________________________
4. Which provinces of today make up the ancient region Jiaozhou
_______________________________________
5. How and when did Fuzhou get its name
_______________________________________

D
Kidney transplants are a life-saving solution for many sick people around the world. However, they may have to wait five or 10 years for a donated organ (捐赠器官). Many of them die waiting for one. A new kind of surgery (手术) may solve this problem.
For the first time, a pig kidney has been transplanted into a human. Reporting the story, CNN called this “a major advance (进展)”.
The surgery was done at New York University (NYU) Langone Health in the US. The transplant was to test whether the body would reject the organ. So, a brain-dead patient was chosen to receive the surgery, after her family agreed.
The kidney came from a pig with modified genes (改造后的基因). Because of the modification, the human’s body did not reject (排斥) the kidney.
For three days, the new kidney was attached (连接) to the patient’s blood vessels (血管). However, it was kept outside of her body. This way the doctors could see and quickly deal with any problems.
The transplanted kidney “looked pretty normal,” said Dr Robert Montgomery, who led the study. The kidney made “the amount of urine (尿液) that you would expect” from a transplanted human kidney, he said.
Most importantly, there was no sign of “early rejection” that usually happens when pig kidneys are transplanted into humans and apes (猿).
Researchers have been working for decades to use animal organs for transplants, reported Reuters. Rejection has so far been a common problem, but the genetically modified pig seems to be a game changer.
Although the patient died three days later due to other causes, the trial was still seen as a great success. At least for now, it could be a short-term (短期的) solution to keep people alive until they can receive a human kidney.
1. Compared to donated human organs, animal organs _____.
A. have better-modified genes
B. are easier to get
C. are longer-lasting
D. are usually not rejected
2. What do we know about the pig kidney transplant
A. The pig kidney was not placed inside the patient’s body.
B. The pig kidney transplant was unsuccessful.
C. The pig kidney transplant operation was more difficult than others.
D. The pig kidney’s shape was modified.
3. According to Dr. Montgomery, the transplanted pig kidney _____.
A. still has many problems to be solved
B. was rejected more slowly than before
C. worked normally after transplant
D. can make more urine than a human kidney
4. Early rejection didn’t happen in the surgery because _____.
A. the doctors watched it carefully
B. the pig kidney fit properly inside the patient’s body
C. the kidney had been genetically modified
D. the patient’s body had been genetically modified
5. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The pig kidney can work for a long time.
B. Putting a pig kidney into a human body is not a good idea.
C. The technique of transplanting parts from pigs to humans is not reliable.
D. Human kidneys are still the best for performing transplants.

E
Cloze
She used to sleep on the sidewalk of the Fifth Street Post Office. I could smell her before I came close. She wore 1 clothes and her mouth was nearly toothless. I rarely saw her talk with others. If she was not 2 , she talked to herself. I always had sympathy (同情) for her. 3 a poor old lady! She must be desperate (感到绝望的) and 4 .
One Thanksgiving, we had lots of food left over. I thought about the old lady. She might be still hungry. So I 5 the food up and drove over to the Fifth Street.
It was a cold night. There was 6 anyone out. But I knew she would stay at the same place and I would find her 7 .
There she was, squatted (蹲着) against a fence (篱笆) near the post office. She was dressed 8 she always was.
I drove my car over to her, rolled down the window and said, “I’ve 9 you some food. Would you like some turkey and apple pie ”
However, the old woman didn’t seem to be very 10 about this. She looked at me and said quite clearly, “Oh, thank you very much, but 11 gave me food earlier and I’m quite full now. Why don’t you take it to someone else who 12 it ”
Her words were 13 and her manners were gracious (亲切的). Soon her head sank into her 14 again. I was the only person who didn’t 15 what to say. An old lady who was clearly down on her luck still thought about others. Why don’t more of us do that
1. A. dirty B. clean
C. soft D. new
2. A. asleep B. awake
C. sleepless D. alone
3. A. How B. Where
C. Why D. What
4. A. alive B. hungry
C. shy D. happy
5. A. cooked B. threw
C. packed D. lifted
6. A. hardly B. nearly
C. quietly D. surely
7. A. slowly B. secretly
C. hopefully D. easily
8. A. while B. after
C. as D. until
9. A. bought B. brought
C. broken D. borrowed
10. A. sad B. excited
C. relaxed D. calm
11. A. someone B. anyone
C. everyone D. none
12. A. hates B. tries
C. needs D. digs
13. A. hard B. long
C. small D. clear
14. A. arms B. back
C. feet D. ears
15. A. believe B. learn
C. think D. know

参考答案
A: CADB
B: AAC
C: 1. Dayu, the founder of the Xia Dynasty.
2. 13.
3. During the Three Kingdoms period.
4. Guangdong and Guangxi.
5. It was named after a nearby mountain called Fushan during the Tang Dynasty.
D: BACCD
E: 1-5 AADBC 6-10 ADCBB 11-15 ACDAD