(共30张PPT)
disaster
drought
slide
flood
magnitude
rescue
damage
destroy
evacuate
helicopter
affect
shelter
death
die
dead
素养目标
单元知识抢先知
文化意
(主题语境:人与自然之自然灾害与防范
1.从历史事件的角度了
必记单词
解国内外发生过的
些重大自然灾害,树
saster
防灾意识和自我保
dpug重点短语
flo
护意识
2.具备积极应对灾难的
scue
damage
as us
经典句型
意识和态度
death
affect
if
思维品质
come to an end
everywhere引导地
能调动已有的知识和
percent
shock
n runs
点状语从句
经验,归纳、概括、整
ty
trap
asif引导表语从句
合所获信息;能在实
bury
breathe
ut across
3. leave sb+宾语
践中运用所学知识应
wisdom
对与灾难有关的困
stead of
足语“使某人处于
context
lrer
难,增强解决问题的
k
意识和能力。
supply
typhoon
fall down
4现在分词短语作结核心语法
学习能力
果状语
go through
1.能根据听力问题,预
eme
ge
5.be doin
n the open air
限制性定
判听力内容并能提炼
camm
when..正在做某
出关键信息
on hand
语从句(
cras
2.掌握在阅读中根据
sweep
事这时
sweep away
下文猜测词义的策略
wave
make+it+形容词
题写作
del
不定式
语言能力一
effect
ngth
概要写作
A鱼Listening and Speaking
破坏性地震是严重威胁人类安全的、恐怖的自然灾害。据统计，2008年汶川地震死亡人数近10万人，1976年的唐山地震死亡人数近24万人。
As we know, earthquakes can bring people much fear.There are some places that have few or no earthquakes.Most places in the world, however, have them regularly.Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous.
The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906.Over 700 people died in it.The strongest one in North America was in 1964.It happened in Alaska.
Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people.In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal.Around 2，000 people died.
In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan.A hundred and forty thousand people died.Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.
One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 2008.It killed a large number of people.The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 830，000 people were killed or injured.This earthquake happened in 1556.
Earthquakes worry people a lot.The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming.People cannot prepare for earthquakes.
[理解]
1．When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported
In 1556 in China.
2．What may be talked about in the seventh paragraph
What people will do to prepare for earthquakes.
[积累]
1．regularly adv. 有规律地，定期地
2．mountainous adj. 多山的
3．worry vt. 使……担心
4．prepare for 为……准备
Section ⅠListening and Speaking
[听说课前清障]
重点单词
1．disaster n. 灾难；灾害
2．drought n. 旱灾；久旱
3．slide vi.& vt. (使)滑行；滑动
4．flood n. 洪水；大量
vi. 淹没；大量涌入
vt. 使灌满水；淹没
5．magnitude n. (地)震级；重大
6．rescue n．& vt. 营救；救援
7．damage vt. 损害；破坏
n. 损坏；损失
8．destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭
9．evacuate vt. 疏散；撤出
vi. 撤离
10．helicopter n. 直升机
11．affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
12．shelter n. 避难处；居所；庇护
vt. 保护；掩蔽
vi. 躲避(风雨或危险)
13．death n．死；死亡→die v．死→dead adj.死的
[话题听力提能]
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1至3题。
1．What is the man doing
A．Watching a movie.
B．Watching a match.
C．Watching a lecture.
2．Where does Betty come from
A．England. B．America. C．Switzerland.
3．What is nonverbal communication
A．Communicating with words.
B．Communicating without words.
C．Communicating with lectures.
听第2段材料，回答第4至6题。
4．Why does the man think it is bad to take a taxi at first
A．Because these suitcases are not heavy.
B．Because there are just a few suitcases.
C．Because the traffic is heavy now.
5．How far is it to get there
A．Fifty minutes on foot.
B．Fifteen minutes on foot.
C．Fifteen minutes by taxi.
6．How do they probably go there at last
A．By bus. B．On foot. C．By taxi.
听第3段材料，回答第7至9题。
7．How do people react to other people's asking for help when they are relaxing at home
A．They agree to offer help actively.
B．They refuse to help other people.
C．They offer help against their own will.
8．Why do people offer help when they are not willing to
A．Because they are so kind that they don't want to see people in trouble.
B．Because they are afraid that they will lose friendship.
C．Because they can't help offering help to others out of habit.
9．What should people do when facing such problems
A．Never refuse the people in need of help.
B．Always say “no” to the people who need help.
C．Refuse some requests sometimes.
听第4段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What happened in Africa
A．A fire has destroyed many more square kilometres.
B．Millions of people are suffering from starvation.
C．Many people are buried under rubble.
11．Which of the following isn't mentioned in the conversation
A．A flood.
B．A forest fire.
C．An earthquake.
12．How many people died during the last disaster
A．6. B．Less than 20. C．Over 100.
答案：1～5 CABCB 6～10 CCBCB 11～12 AB
听力原文：
(Text 1)
W：Hi, what are you doing
M：Oh, I'm watching a lecture about nonverbal communication given by Professor Betty from England.
W：Nonverbal communication What is it Could you please make it clear and simple I'm so confused about it!
M：Ok, nonverbal communication refers to communicate without words.In other words, it's body language.
(Text 2)
W：Fifteen minutes to get there! And these suitcases too! I think we ought to take a taxi.
M：Not at this moment.Look at the traffic.It is moving very slowly.We can get there just as quickly on foot.
W：Well, I can't possibly carry this suitcase any farther.
M：Let me take it.
W：Don't be silly.You can't carry your case and mine as well.
M：Yes, I can.The cases aren't that heavy.Hum!
W：You see! They're heavier than you thought!
M：Perhaps it is not a bad idea to take a taxi after all.
(Text 3)
W：I find it harder to say “no” than “yes”．
M：Me, too, and most people do.Sometimes when we are at home relaxing for a couple of days, our friends ask us to offer some help.We usually agree reluctantly.
W：Yes.Many people say “yes” to this kind of request.People tend not to consider their own interests and feelings, but are often angry with themselves afterwards.
M：That's true.Saying “no” requires courage and considerable practice, for people are afraid saying “no” might risk losing the friendship of the person asking for help.
W：But in fact, rejecting a request can even help to keep a relationship lasting longer.
M：Yes, I agree.It is better to say “no” sometimes.
(Text 4)
W：Are there any interesting stories in the newspaper today
M：There are a few stories about natural disasters.There is a massive forest fire in Australia.It has destroyed many more square kilometres.
W：Was it caused accidentally or naturally Sometimes it gets so hot that fires begin naturally in Australia and Africa.
M：Nobody knows at the moment, but it has been very hot there recently.The drought in Africa is causing starvation.Millions of people have migrated in order to find some food.
W：What is the international community doing to help
M：The European Union has sent several planes with relief supplies.Several countries have sent soldiers to distribute food and medical supplies.Refugee camps have been set up across the region.
W：How many countries have been affected
M：Six have been seriously affected, but the refugees are also migrating to several surrounding countries.
W：I saw on the TV yesterday that there has been another earthquake.
M：Yes.There have been a few there recently.They say that this one was not a big quake.The Iranians are dealing with it on their own.They have purchased some special equipment to find people buried under rubble.
W：Does the newspaper say anything about casualties
M：So far, less than 20 people have died, but over 100 are in hospital.
[话题表达锤炼]
Scene One
史蒂文正在与朵拉谈论报纸上看到的地震消息……
阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。
Dora：Steven, why are you so depressed
Steven： 1 I just read the newspaper.
Dora： 2
Steven：According to the newspaper, the town was hit by an earthquake and more than 10 thousand people died in the earthquake.
Dora： 3
Steven：Yeah, we have to do something to help the people in the stricken area.
Dora：Yes. 4
Steven：It's a good idea.But where can we donate money
Dora： 5
Steven：Yes, let's do it now.
A．It's horrible.
B．How about donating some money
C．Just find the answer through the Internet.
D．I'm feeling very sad.
E．What's the news
答案：1～5 DEABC
Scene Two
约翰和露西是同学，他们在谈论昨天发生的地震的情况……
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
John：Hi, Lucy! I heard that 1.an earthquake broke out in your hometown (你的家乡发生了地震).
Lucy：Yes, it happened yesterday.
John：2.Are there people who lost their lives (有人失去生命吗)
Lucy：Not yet, but a lot of houses were damaged, 3.leaving many people homeless (使很多人无家可归).
John：Have the people trapped in the houses been rescued
Lucy：Yes.The firefighters arrived early to rescue the survivors.
John：4.Where are the survivors living now (幸存者现在住哪里)
Lucy：In the shelters.5.They are being taken good care of (他们正受到很好的照料).
John：Thank goodness! Hope they will rebuild their homes soon.
Lucy：Thank you!
1．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
(教材p.48)What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood hit area
救援人员和士兵正在洪水灾区做什么？
come to/go to sb's rescue＝rescue sb
援救某人
rescue ...from ... 把……从……营救出来
[佳句] When we were trapped in ruins, the soldiers came to our rescue.
当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援我们。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①At midnight we finally rescued (rescue) the tourists who were trapped in the valley.
②The firefighters rescued five children from the burning house yesterday.
③The mother, along with her two children, was rescued (rescue) from the sinking boat.
[写美] 句式升级
④I'd like to see the boy who was rescued from the earthquake.
→I'd like to see the boy rescued from the earthquake．(用非谓语动词改写)
2．damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
(教材p.48)Which buildings were damaged in Seoul
在首尔，哪些建筑被毁了？
(1)cause/do damage to ... 对……造成损害
(2)damage one's health 损害某人的健康
[佳句] The old farmer was very upset because the strong winds caused great damage to his crops.
那个老农夫非常沮丧，因为强风给他的庄稼造成了巨大的损失。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①They managed to repair the houses that were badly damaged (damage) in the earthquake.
②This could cause serious damage to the country's economy.
[写美] 一句多译
③众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。
→As we all know, smoking can do/cause damage to our health．(damage n．)
→It is well known that smoking can damage our health．(damage vt.)
3．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
(教材p.49)82 killed, 500，000 affected
82人丧生，50万人受影响
(1)affect sb/sth 影响某人/某事
be deeply affected by 被……深深打动了
be affected with＋疾病 患有……疾病
(2)effect n. 作用；影响
have an effect on 对……产生影响
[佳句] As far as I'm concerned, following others' advice without thinking will affect our own decision.
在我看来，不假思索地接受他人的意见将影响我们的决定。
[练透] 单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的词性及含义
①The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were affected (affect).
②Affected with a high fever, he continued with his work.
③Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have an effect on you most deeply.
④The disease is beginning to affect his eyesight.vt.(疾病)侵袭
[写美] 补全句子
⑤The traffic issue not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten people's lives.
交通问题不仅影响着我们的日常生活，而且也可能威胁到人们的生命。
4．shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
(教材p.49)Shelters set up by the government
政府建立的庇护所
take shelter from ... 躲避……
shelter ...from ... 保护……不受……
shelter from ... 躲避……
[佳句] It's so hot, and we'd better find a tree to take shelter from the sun.
天太热了，我们最好找棵树来遮阳。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①We sat in the shade, sheltering (shelter) from the sun.
②Trees shelter the house from the wind.
[写美] 补全句子
③After the terrible earthquake, the homeless need not only food and water but also proper shelter．
可怕的地震过后，无家可归的人不仅需要食物和水，还需要合适的居所。
PAGE
10(共60张PPT)
A鱼
cture
f/ though所
从句中的语气及时态
东述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)
虚拟现在:从句谓语
动词用did(be动
as
ough虚拟语气(不真实或用were)
不可能发生的情况)虚拟过去: had done
虚拟将来:woud
gReading and Thinking
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
Strange things were happening in the countryside① of northeastern Hebei.For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.There were deep cracks②[1] that appeared in the well walls．At least one well had some smelly gas③ [2]coming out of it．Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to④ eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran out of⑤ the fields [3]looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water.At about 3：00 a．m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the city's one million people were asleep as usual⑥ that night.
[1]that appeared in the well walls是由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词cracks，that在从句中作主语，不能省略。
[2]coming out of it是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰gas。
[3]looking for places to hide是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
At 3：42 a．m., everything began to shake.It seemed as if⑦ the world were coming to an end⑧ ! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly⑨ earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage⑩ more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways .Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins .Two thirds of the people [4]who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people [5]who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400，000.
[4]who lived there是由关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people, who在从句中作主语。
[5]who were killed or badly injured in the quake是由关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people, who在从句中作主语。
[6]Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the city's factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away.Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were in shock — and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down.Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder [7]how long the disaster would last．
[6]Everywhere survivors looked 是由从属连词everywhere引导的地点状语从句。
[7]how long the disaster would last是由how引导的宾语从句。
But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors [8]whose homes had been destroyed．Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane.Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
[8]whose homes had been destroyed是由关系代词whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词survivors，whose在从句中作定语修饰homes。
Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
①in the countryside 在农村
②crack n．裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂
③gas n.?气体；燃气；汽油
④too ...to ...太……而不能……
⑤run out of 从……跑出来；用光
⑥as usual 像往常一样
than usual 比往常……
⑦as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
⑧come to an end 结束
⑨deadly adj.致命的；死一般的
⑩cause damage 造成损失/损害
cause/do damage to 对……造成损害
cut across 横穿；抄近路穿过
waterway n．水路；航道
less than 少于
more than 多于；不仅仅是；非常
ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏
in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
thousands of 成千上万的
hundreds of thousands of 数十万的
be left without 失去……
the number of ……的数量
badly adv.非常；极度地
survivor n．幸存者；生还者
nothing but 只有；只；仅仅
percent n．百分之……
adj.& adv.每一百中
gone adj.不复存在的；一去不复返的
brick n．砖；砖块
blow away 刮走；吹走
track n．轨道；跑道
keep track of 了解；与……保持联系
metal n．金属
shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
vt.(使)震惊
in shock 震惊；吃惊
electricity n．电；电能
dig out 挖出
trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套
n．险境；陷阱
bury vt.埋葬；安葬
the dead 死者；逝者 (“the ＋形容词”可表示一类人)
medical care 医疗护理
breathe vi.& vt.呼吸
revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒
on one's feet 恢复健康；站立着
support n．支持
effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
in times of 在……时期
unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体
wisdom n．智慧；才智
positive adj.积极的；肯定的
stay positive 保持乐观
[参考译文]
地球的不眠之夜
河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连。一连几天，村里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。井壁上出现深深的裂缝，至少有一口井冒出臭气。鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所，鱼儿也跳出水面。1976年7月28日凌晨3：00左右，唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光，接着又传出巨大的声响。然而，那天晚上城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡在梦乡。
凌晨3：42，万物开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日即将来临！在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震爆发了，远在150多千米以外的北京都受到这场地震的破坏，全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！一条8千米长，30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路；坚硬的石山变成了泥石流。在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤，数以千计的孩子失去了父母。在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。
幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，万物尽毁。市内大约75%的工厂和大楼，90%的住所和所有的医院都倒塌了。砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁不是坍塌了，就是无法安全通行，铁轨变成了废金属块；数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。沙子灌满水井，井水消失殆尽。人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一场强烈的地震撼动唐山，更多的楼房倒塌了，没有水和食物，电也停了。人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。
然而，希望尚存。地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。上万名医疗工作者赶到现场，救死扶伤。工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起避难所，数十万的群众获得了帮助，火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈的努力，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。这座新的城市已经成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大改善。唐山向全中国、向世界证明，在自然灾害中，人们必须勠力同心，保持积极乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。
Step One：Pre reading
What might happen to a place when there is an earthquake
Look at the following pictures and then fill in the blanks.
The water in the wells rose and fell．And some deep cracks could be seen in the well walls.A smelly gas came out of the wells.
The chickens, the dogs and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.
People could see bright lights in the sky.
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1．What's the main idea of the text
A．A terrible earthquake in Tangshan.
B．Before the earthquake in Tangshan.
C．During the earthquake in Tangshan.
D．Damages of the earthquake in Tangshan.
答案：A
2．Find out the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A.The earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.
Para.2 B．The earthquake happened and caused deaths or injuries in Tangshan.
Para.3 C．Help came soon after the quakes.
Para.4 D．Strange things happened, but no one paid attention to them.
Para.5 E．Tangshan came back to life again.
答案：Paras.1～5 DBACE
Ⅱ.Read for details
1．阅读文章第一段，回答下列问题：
(1)How many signs are given that suggest an earthquake would happen
Nine.
(2)Why were people asleep as usual before the earthquake
Because they didn't realise the arrival of an earthquake.
2．阅读文章第二段，选择最佳答案：
(1)When did the earthquake happen
A．At night on 28 July 1976.
B．On the morning of 28 July 1976.
C．On the afternoon of 28 July 1976.
D．The writer didn't tell us.
(2)How many people who lived there were dead or injured
A．A half. B．Two thirds.
C．One third. D．The text didn't tell us.
答案：(1)B (2)B
3．阅读文章第三段，判断正误：
(1)After the earthquake water was enough because there was water in the wells. F
(2)The people in the city were shocked and didn't know how long the earthquake would last. T
4．阅读文章第四段，选择最佳答案：
What does the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again” mean
A．The life in Tangshan began to return to normal.
B．The army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to help people.
C．Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.
D．Most of the 10，000 miners were rescued.
答案：A
5．阅读文章第五段，判断正误：
(1)The new Tangshan has more than seven million people. T
(2)The people in Tangshan always stay negative in times of disaster. F
Ⅲ.Read for the structure
Tangshan Earthquake
Before the earthquake ·The water in the village wells 1.rose and fell again and again.The well walls had deep cracks in them, of 2.which some smelly gas come out.·Animals like chickens and pigs became too 3.nervous to eat.
During the earthquake At 3：42 a．m., everything began to 4.shake．A huge crack with eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide cut 5.across houses, roads, and waterways.And hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.
Damages of the earthquake Over 400，000 people were killed or badly 6.injured in the earthquake.And nearly everything was 7.destroyed．
The help from the whole nation The army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were 8.trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built 9.shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
The great success people haveachieved The new city has become a home 10.to more than seven million people，with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment.
Step Three：Post reading
1．讨论并回答下列问题
(1)Why did so many people die in Tangshan Earthquake
Because it broke out in the early morning and most people were asleep at that time.
(2)Compared with Tangshan Earthquake, why did less people die in Wenchuan Earthquake
Because it broke out in the afternoon and most people were working at that time.
(3)What spirit can we learn from the two big earthquakes
When we are in times of disaster, we must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
2．长难句分析
(1)Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
[句式分析]
Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the
地点状语
most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun，
主语 谓语
[尝试翻译] 在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震爆发了，远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏。
(2)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
[句式分析] Soon after the quakes, the army sent
时间状语 主语 谓语
[尝试翻译] 地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
(3)Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
[句式分析]
Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world
主语 谓语
that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the
宾语从句
[尝试翻译] 唐山向中国、向世界证明，在自然灾害中，人们必须勠力同心，保持积极乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．crack the eggs into a bowl 把鸡蛋打到碗中
2．ruin one's hope 使某人的希望破灭
3．reduce the price by 10 percent 把价格降低10%
4．move into a cabin with electricity 搬进一间有电的小
木屋
5．be trapped in the valley 被困在山谷中
6．bury the dead 掩埋死者
7．breathe fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气
8．revive oneself 复活
9．spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力地做某事
10．show the wisdom 显示出智慧
11．the hope to unify his country 希望统一他的国家
12．The old man went through a lot of sufferings in the old days.What's worse, he suffered from heart attack when he was in his eighties.(suffer)
13．We were shocked at the shocking news that he died suddenly yesterday.(shock)
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．Despite her problems, she carried on working as usual (像往常一样).
2．I looked at my husband in shock (震惊), waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.
3．He must have gone through (经历) many difficulties before he succeeded.
4．There are many shelters set up (搭建) by the government.
5．We have to dig out (挖掘) the car trapped in the snow.
6．Two days later, the fighting between the two countries left the area in ruins (废墟).
7．If we cut across (横穿) the field, we'll get there before Frank.
8．Remember that success is getting up just one more time than you fall down (跌倒).
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。
[句式分析] too＋形容词＋to ...太……而不能……
[佳句仿写] In public, he was too nervous to say a word．
在公共场合，他紧张得一句话也说不出来。
2．[教材原句] It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
[句式分析] as if引导表语从句
[佳句仿写] It seems as if our team is going to win the game.
看来我们队要赢得这场比赛了。
3．[教材原句] Thousands of children were left without parents.
数以千计的孩子失去了父母。
[句式分析] leave sb＋宾语补足语 “使某人处于……”
[佳句仿写] He didn't feel excited at the news that our team won the game, leaving me confused．
听到我们队赢了比赛的消息，他没有感到兴奋，这使我很困惑。
4．[教材原句] Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。
[句式分析] everywhere在此用作连词，意为“无论哪里”，引导地点状语从句。
[佳句仿写] Everywhere she goes, she receives a warm welcome.
无论走到哪里，她都受到热烈欢迎。
5．[教材原句] Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.
没有水和食物，电也停了。
[句式分析] “主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构
[佳句仿写] He said that the problem was not difficult to settle．
他说这个问题不难解决。
1．ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏
(教材p.50)In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭
fall into ruin 成为废墟；破败不堪
(2)ruin one's hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/机会失去
ruin oneself 自我毁灭
[佳句] Some bad factors are ruining the future of the film industry, so great efforts should be made to attract more audience.
一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出更大努力来吸引更多的观众。
[练透] 单句语法填空/补全句子
①The whole city lay in ruins (ruin) after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
②The whole town was ruined (ruin) by the heavy storm last night.The army sent 10，000 soldiers to help rescue the trapped people.
③Heavy smoking may ruin yourself, so you should give it up as soon as possible.
吸烟过量可能会毁掉你自己，因此你应该尽快戒烟。
[写美] 句式升级
④He made a mistake, which ruined his chance of going abroad.
→He made a mistake, ruining his chance of going abroad．(分词作状语)
2．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊
(教材p.50)People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
人们惊恐万状，接着临近傍晚时分，又一场强烈的地震撼动唐山。
(1)a great shock to sb 对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊；吃惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
[佳句] The news of my promotion came as a shock.
我获晋升的消息着实让我震惊。
[练透] 单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的词性及含义
①The news of Kobe Bryant's death was a great shock to everyone.
②We are shocked (shock) that so many people were injured or died in the earthquake.
③The news of his sudden death is so shocking that everyone is shocked at it very much.(shock)
④Several of those who survived the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock.n.休克
[写美] 补全句子
⑤I was shocked to hear that our factory would have to close.
听说我们工厂将被迫关闭，我非常震惊。
3．trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱；圈套
(教材p.50)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。
(1)be/get trapped in 被困在……中；陷入困境
trap sb into (doing) sth 诱骗某人(做)某事
(2)set a trap for 给……设圈套
fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱
[佳句] If you choose this way, you're likely to fall into a trap.
如果你选择这条路，你可能会落入圈套。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped (trap) in the mountains for two days.
②There was a power failure, so they were trapped (trap) in the lift.
③By clever questioning, they trapped him into telling the truth.
[写美] 句式升级
④When the young man was trapped in the building, he felt very helpless.
→Trapped in the building，the young man felt very helpless.(改为非谓语动词作状语)
4．bury vt.埋葬；安葬
（1）bury ...in ... 把……埋到……里,bury one's face in hands 双手掩面
[佳句] Though buried in books these days, I have still joined several student clubs in order to improve myself.
虽然这些天我埋头读书，但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部以提高自己。
[练透] 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Buried (bury) in his study, he wasn't aware that all the others had left.
②She buried her face in hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
[写美] 句式升级
③He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading.
→He sat at a wooden table, buried in reading.(过去分词短语作状语)
→He sat at a wooden table, burying himself in reading.(现在分词短语作状语)
[联想发散] “专心于，致力于”的多种表达：
be lost in; be absorbed in; focus on; concentrate on
5．effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
(教材p.50)With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。
make an effort to do sth 努力做某事
in an effort to do sth 为了做某事
spare no effort (to do sth) 不遗余力(做某事)
[佳句] Another reason why we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make an effort.
另一个让我们永不放弃的理由是：只有努力，我们才能从错误中学习。
[练透] 补全句子
①The company has laid off 150 workers in an effort to save money．
公司为节省资金解雇了150名工人。
②If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will spare no effort to finish the task．
如果我有幸被给予这样一个好机会，我将不遗余力地完成这项任务。
[写美] 翻译句子
③依我看来，你应该更加努力学习。
As far as I'm concerned, you should make a greater effort to study hard.
6．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(教材p.51)What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need
你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？
(1)suffer from 患……病；因……而受苦
suffer from cold and hunger 忍饥挨冻
(2)suffer losses/pains 遭受损失/痛苦
(3)suffering n. 苦难；痛苦
sufferer n. 受难者
[佳句] As far as I know, he has ever suffered from a serious illness.
据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。
[练透] 选词填空(suffer, suffer from)/单句语法填空
①Among obese children, about 30 percent also suffer from high levels of blood sugar and fat.
②There is no denying that our earth is suffering severe damage.
③The old man is said to have gone through varieties of sufferings (suffer) during the war.
[写美] 句式升级
④John has suffered from lung cancer for many years.He has decided to give up smoking.
→Having suffered from lung cancer for many years，John has decided to give up smoking.(现在分词短语作状语)
[点津] (1)suffer 用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain, loss, defeat, poverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, damage等名词作宾语。
(2)suffer 用作不及物动词，后常接from，意为“受……之苦；患某种疾病”。
1．句型公式：as if ＝as though似乎；好像；仿佛，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句
(教材p.50)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
[佳句] Some people, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it were the end of the world.
有些人一失去工作或失恋，就觉得好像到了世界末日似的。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The kids are very friendly with her and even look up to her as if she were (be) their own mother.
②It seems as if you are (be) really enthusiastic about Chinese culture.So I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.
③Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done (do) something very clever.
[写美] 句式升级
④The old man was lying on the ground as if he was badly hurt.
→The old man was lying on the ground as if badly hurt．(状语从句的省略)
2．句型公式：leave sb＋宾语补足语 “使某人处于……”
(教材p.50)Thousands of children were left without parents.
数以千计的孩子失去了父母。
leave复合结构的主要用法如下：
leave＋宾语＋
[佳句] His illness has left him very weak.
他的病使他很虚弱。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①What you said left us lost (lose) in thought.
②Don't leave her waiting (wait) outside in the rain.
[写美] 补全句子
③Don't leave a child alone in a room with an open fire.
房间里有明火时，不要让孩子独处其中。
维度一：品句填词
1．Tom rescued (营救) a boy from the river on his way home.
2．His bad habit ruined (毁灭) his chance of having a bright future.
3．They were kind enough to let me in and have a shelter (躲避处) from the heavy rain.
4．The wall was built along the river in case of floods (洪水).
5．Millions of people are threatened with starvation as a result of drought (旱灾) and poor harvests.
6．He lost his footing and slid (滑动) into the water.
7．No one was injured in the explosion, but the building was completely destroyed (摧毁).
8．Wisdom (智慧) is knowing what to do next.
9．Around 540 million people are affected by second hand smoke, which causes 100，000 deaths per year.
10．In order to catch the bear, some villagers set a trap and covered it with some leaves.
维度二：单句语法填空
1．He said they did not want war—but if attacked, they would fight to the death (die).
2．Ever since he moved there, he has buried (bury) himself in his research work.
3．The boy walked in as if nothing had happened (happen).
4．We became trapped (trap) by the rising floodwater.
5．Years of fighting have left the city in ruins; it would take a lot of money to rebuild it.
6．Though she went through so much suffering (suffer), she did not give in.
7．Don't leave children surfing (surf) the Internet for a long time on weekends.
8．For a few minutes we stood in shocked (shook) silence.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1．She began to sob again, burying her face in the pillow.
她把脸埋在枕头里，又开始啜泣起来。
2．The young couple sitting in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world．
一对年轻的夫妇坐在船里，一边吃东西一边大声地谈笑，好像他们是世上唯一的人。
3．She ran away and left her boyfriend waiting in the rain alone．
她跑开了，留下她的男友一个人在雨中等着。
4．Everywhere you go, you should lock your bike.
不管去哪儿你都要把你的自行车锁上。
5．Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is hard to get along with．
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难相处。
6．你弟弟太小还不能胜任这项工作。
→Your brother is too young to be fit for the work.(too ...to)
→Your brother is so young that he is not fit for the work.(so ...that ...)
PAGE
19(共22张PPT)
A鱼Discovering Useful Structures
Grammar——限制性定语从句(1)
1．Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that/which even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
2．The number of people who/that were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400，000.
3．Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
4．Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
5．The man (whom/who/that) I have to phone lives in Canada.
[我的发现]
(1)关系代词who指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，如句2、句3和句5。
(2)关系代词whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，在口语和非正式文体中可用who或that替换，如句5。
(3)关系代词which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，如句1。
(4)关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语，如句1、句2和句5。
(5)关系代词whose既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语，如句4。
一、定义
1．在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，引导定语从句的词叫作关系词。
2．关系词分为关系代词(that、which、who、whom、whose、as)和关系副词(when、where、why)两类。
二、关系代词的基本用法
1．who指人，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。
The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.
在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。(作主语)
Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins.
丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。(作宾语)
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，也可以用who代替。
The boy (whom/who) the teacher often praises is their monitor.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。(作宾语)
3．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，在定语从句中作定语。
Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
任何由于家境贫寒而上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。(修饰人)
He lives in a room whose window faces north.
他住在一个窗户朝北的房间里。(修饰物)
[即时演练一] 用适当的关系代词填空
①The woman who is shaking hands with my sister is a doctor.
②Those who want to see the film set down your names, please.
③I like those books whose topics are about history.
④The old man whom/who you spoke to is a famous artist.
4．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。
China is a country which has a long history.
中国是一个有悠久历史的国家。(作主语)
The radio (which) he bought yesterday doesn't work.
他昨天买的收音机坏了。(作宾语)
This is the house in which I once lived.
这是我曾经住过的房子。(作介词in的宾语)
5．that既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。习惯上指人多用who、whom，指物多用which。
This is the novel that interests me.
这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。(指物，作主语)
The magazine (that) I bought yesterday is lost.
我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。(指物，作宾语)
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)
[点津] 关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。
[误]The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very frightening.
[正]The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening.
[即时演练二] 用适当的关系代词填空
①Look, here are some people (who/whom/that) I want you to meet.
②Do you still remember the chicken farm (that/which) we visited three months ago
③The picture which/that was about the accident was terrible.
三、关系代词只能用that而不用which的情况
1．当先行词为all、 everything、 nothing、 anything、 much等不定代词时。
Have you taken down everything (that) Mr Li said
李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？
All that can be done has been done.
所有能做的都做了。
2．当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first place (that) they visited in London was the Big Ben.
他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
This is the most delicious food (that) I have ever had.
这是我吃过的最美味可口的食物。
3．当先行词被all、 every、 no、 the only、 the very、 the last等修饰时。
I've read all the books that are not mine.
所有那些不属于我的书我都已经读完了。
The only thing (that) she could do was to go to the police for help.
她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。
I have found the very pen (that) I lost yesterday.
我已找到昨天丢的那支钢笔了。
4．当先行词既指人，又指物时。
We often talk about the persons and things (that) we remember.
我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。
[即时演练三] 补全句子
①This is the most beautiful park (that) I have visited．
这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。
②She took photographs of the things and people (that) she was impressed with．
她把给她深刻印象的人和物都拍摄下来了。
③Chatting was the only thing that interested her most．
聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。
1．erupt vi. & vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出
(教材p.52)The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.
火山爆发后，住在我们旁边的那对夫妇自愿去帮忙。
(1)erupt from (从……)喷出
erupt into 爆发为；突然发出(尤指叫喊)
(2)eruption n. 喷发，爆发
[佳句] The volcano may erupt and then there will be earthquakes. Is she not afraid
火山也许会爆发，引发地震，难道他不怕吗？
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The volcano erupted and ash began to erupt from the crater.
②Gradually, a reginal conflit in the country erupted into violent warfare.
③The eruption (erupt) of volcano makes many people lose their lives.
[写美] 补全句子
④After a 20 year period of dormancy, the volcano began to erupt once more．
在20年的休眠后，这座火山再一次爆发。
2．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品vt.供应；供给
(教材p.52)The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
向灾区提供的补给品是从全国各地收集来的。
(1)supply sth to sb＝supply sb with sth向某人提供某物
(2)be in short supply 短缺
a large supply of/large supplies of 大量……的供应
[佳句] I'd like to buy a large backpack in advance to carry my supplies of food and water.
我想预先买一个大的背包来装食物和水等补给品。
[练透] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The natural resources，such as coal and oil，are in short supply in this country.
②What happens when food and gasoline supplies (supply) run low
③政府在地震后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和衣服。
→The government has supplied plenty of food and clothes to the local people since the earthquake occurred.(supply sth to sb)
→The government has supplied the local people with plenty of food and clothes since the earthquake occurred.(supply sb with sth)
[写美] 补全句子
④Moreover, the competition will supply/provide you with a chance to develop your creativity and build friendship with other students who share the same interest with you.
此外，这次竞争将会给你提供一个发展创造力，同时与志同道合的同学建立友谊的机会。
[点津] 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：
①provide sb with sth＝provide sth for sb
②offer sb sth＝offer sth to sb
维度一：基础题型练
用适当的关系词填空。
1．I still remember the earthquake that/which happened in 2008 in Sichuan.
2．Have you read the book which/that was written by Anne Frank
3．The first thing that he did after arriving home was doing his homework.
4．Is this the teacher who/that rescued several students from the burning building
5．Do you know the lady who/that/whom our English teacher is talking with under the big tree
6．It is the tallest building that John has seen ever since he came here.
7．My father bought a new bike for me whose price added up to more than 1，000 yuan.
8．She said she would do anything that could help her mother recover from the disease.
9．The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.
10．It was a crisis for which she was totally unprepared.
11．All that we need is enough rest after long hours' work.
12．The pen that/which he bought yesterday is the same as mine.
维度二：语法与写作
1．He is a man whom we are willing to learn from．
他是我们大家都愿意向其学习的人。
2．This is the very book that I am looking for．
这正是我要找的那本书。
3．The earthquake that/which happened in Tangshan in 1976 shocked the people all over the world.
发生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。
4．We are going to learn some Chinese poems that/which were written in the Tang Dynasty.
我们将学习写于唐朝时期的一些中国诗歌。
5．The teacher is saying something to the student whose mother got injured in the accident．
老师正在与那位学生说着什么，他的母亲在事故中受伤了。
6．Those who survived the floods could hardly believe what had happened.
那些在洪水中幸存下来的人很难相信所发生的事情。
维度三：语法与语篇
用适当的关系代词完成下面短文。
Do you know the man 1.who/that wrote this book？He was Jason, one of the engineers 2.who/that came from Russia in the 1950s.He worked in the same factory where my father once worked.When he came to China, the first thing 3.that he did was to visit the factory 4.which/that did research on trolleybuses and found out the reason why China was so backward in it.Then he spent every minute 5.that he could spare to help China develop transportation.As is mentioned above, Jason was a foreigner 6.who/that made great contributions to our country and was a kind man to 7.whom we should say thanks.
PAGE
7(共22张PPT)
A鱼Listening and Talking
[听说课前清障]
重点单词
1．tap vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
n. 水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
2．pipe n. 管子；管道
3．whistle vi. 吹口哨；发出笛声
vt. 吹口哨
n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声
4．emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况
5．calm adj. 镇静的；沉着的
vt. 使平静；使镇静
6．aid n. 援助；帮助；救援物资
vi.& vt. 帮助；援助
7．kit n. 成套工具；成套设备
8．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的
[话题听力提能]
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1、2题。
1．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．An earthquake.
B．A storm.
C．A tree.
2．What happened before the man fell asleep
A．Birds made a lot of noises.
B．A tree fell down.
C．His house shook.
听第2段材料，回答第3至5题。
3．How's the weather today
A．It's sunny. B．It's rainy. C．It's cloudy.
4．What are the two speakers going to do
A．Watch a movie.
B．Do outdoor sports.
C．Go to an exhibition.
5．When will they get there
A．At 8：20. B．At 8：30. C．At 8：50.
听第3段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．How does the man look now
A．Frightened. B．Angry. C．Nervous.
7．What did Henry do last night
A．He bought a new car.
B．He went out driving.
C．He visited a friend.
8．What do we know about Henry
A．He just moved house.
B．He works nights.
C．He is already 18.
听第4段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．Who is probably the woman
A．A victim. B．A volunteer. C．A reporter.
10．What was the man's wife doing when the earthquake happened
A．Sleeping.
B．Preparing for breakfast.
C．Cleaning the house.
11．When did the earthquake take place
A．At 6：15. B．At 6：30. C．At 6：45.
答案：1～5 BBACA 6～11 BBCCBC
听力原文：
(Text 1)
W：I'm from the Daily News.Can you tell me what happened to you in the storm last night
M：If you like.What do you want to know
W：When did the storm start
M：I'm not sure, but it was after I went to bed.
W：When do you usually go to bed
M：At eleven most nights.Before I fell asleep, I heard a noise in the garden.I ran out and saw a tree fall on the house.
W：How old was the tree
M：That's the sad thing.It's been in the garden for about two hundred years and many birds lived in it.
W：Well.Thanks for talking to me.
(Text 2)
W：It has rained for two days.It finally clears up.What would you like to do
M：I haven't decided what to do yet.Anyway, staying at home all day watching plays or movies on TV isn't a good way to kill time.Do you have any suggestions
W：I feel like going to the Coal Trade Center.They've got a special exhibition about new sports cars.Why don't you go with me
M：Good idea.I'd love to see that.You see, I'm interested in new sports cars.I'm planning a special study of car engines this term.Maybe I could find some useful information there.
W：Fine.
M：How much shall we pay to get in
W：It's free.It's 7：50 a．m. now and if we ride there, we'll arrive in half an hour.Why don't you go back to get your bicycle
M：OK, I will.
(Text 3)
W：You look angry What's wrong
M：My son just left the house.
W：Henry I can't believe it.What happened
M：He used my car until midnight last night to take his friends for a ride.This morning, when I talked with him about it, he said he's already 18 and should be all owed to spend some time out at night.He even said he should have his own car now.
W：So what did you say
M：I told him if he wanted a car he should try to buy one himself.
W：There's no way he could afford a car himself.Well, I'm sure that talking calmly face to face will help a lot.
(Text 4)
W：Good morning! Here is Juliet specially for the Morning News at 7 o'clock.This morning Northbridge, California was struck by an earthquake.The man beside me is Ben Parmer.Hello, Ben, can you tell me something about what happened
M：Well, I was outside to feed my pigs when I felt the ground moving left and right.I thought it was an earthquake, but not serious.
W：Were the pigs eating normally
M：No, they just walked up and down, and seemed to be fed up with the food.They seemed to try to get out of the walls.
W：What about your wife What was she doing then
M：I shouted at her.She was in the kitchen preparing for breakfast.I watched my watch; it showed 6：45.
W：Did she feel the earthquake
M：Yes, she was very terrified.She rushed out of the house.She told me she saw the objects falling from the cupboard and furniture shaking backward and forward.
W：Thank you, Ben.The earthquake was level 6, and no buildings have been reported fallen yet.
[话题表达锤炼]
Scene One
两位路人一边等公交一边聊天气状况……
阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。
W：Excuse me, have you been waiting long
M：About ten minutes.
W： 1
M：Not while I've been standing here.I'm waiting for the number seven bus, too.
W：Good.Hot today, isn't it
M：Yes, it is. 2
W：Me, too.This is unusual for March.I don't remember it ever being so hot and dry in March before.
M：You're from Florida then.
W：Not really. 3
M：My mother and I have just moved here from Indiana.
W：Pretty cold in Indiana, isn't it
M：Yes.That's why we moved.But we didn't know that it would be so hot here.We should have gone to California. 4
W：No.It's always a little late.Do you have the time My watch has stopped working.
M： 5
W：Don't worry.It never comes exactly on the half hour like it should.
A.I wish it would rain and cool off.
B．Do you think that we've missed the bus
C．It is twenty to one by my watch, but it is a little fast.
D．Did you notice whether the number seven bus has gone by
E．I was born in New York, but I've lived here for ten years now.
答案：1～5 DAEBC
Scene Two
暴风雨造成很大损失，保险公司正在进行理赔……
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
M：Hello, Mrs Miles, I'm from Sun Insurance.I'm visiting quite a few homes in this area actually.The storm 1.did a lot of damage (造成了很大损失).
W：Well, you've been quick.I only phoned two days ago.
M：I know.Well, let's start here at the front, shall we Uh, you've got a lot of coverings missing off the roof.
W：Yes.The chimney was damaged as well.
M：Oh, yes.Some of the bricks have been blown off.Anything else
W：Um, you can see 2.the bedroom window on the left was destroyed (左边卧室的窗户被毁了).I've just put some boards over it.
M：OK.Let's walk round to the back.
W：Here we are.
M：Goodness, 3.that tree has fallen down (那棵树已经倒下) right onto the fence!
W：Yes.It's a real pity.That was a lovely tree.The shed roof was damaged too, I'm afraid.
M：I see.I've got all that.I'll write up my report and we'll 4.let you have a check (让你检查一下) as soon as possible.
W：Thank you so much.
1．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力；有影响力的大国vt.提供动力，驱动
(教材p.53)．..or power lines.
……或电线。
(1)have the power to do sth 有能力做某事
come to power 上台；执政(动作)
be in power 执政；掌权(状态)
beyond one's power 力所不能及的
do everything in one's power 竭尽全力
(2)powerful adj. 强有力的
[佳句] As we all know, China is an increasingly developing power in the world, which is sure to make great contributions to the world in all aspects.
众所周知，中国是世界上一个日益发展的大国，必将在各个方面为世界做出巨大的贡献。
[练透] 单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的词性及含义
①Though he has been in power for two years, he hasn't found an effective solution to the country's economic problems.
②Unfortunately，it's beyond my power to get through the work in such a short time.
③Jennifer is a first generation graduate and an inspiration to her family — and that's pretty powerful (power).
④They have invented a new car，which is powered by solar batteries.vt.提供动力
[写美] 词汇升级
⑤I'll try my best to perform well in the volunteer job.
→I'll do everything in my power to perform well in the volunteer job.
[点津] 表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有：①do/try one's best to do sth
②make every effort to do sth
③spare no effort to do sth
2．calm adj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静
(教材p.53)If you find yourself in danger from a forest fire, first of all, stay calm.
如果你发现自己处于森林火灾的危险之中，首先，要保持冷静。
(1)calm down 平静下来
calm sb down 使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来
(2)keep/stay calm 保持镇静
[佳句] Moved by what she said, Tom could hardly calm down.
由于被她的话所感动，汤姆很难平静下来。
[练透] 补全句子
①Calm yourself down；there is no need to feel upset about it.
让你自己平静下来；没有必要为此事心烦。
②It is important to keep/stay calm in face of danger.
在面临危险时，保持镇静是重要的。
[写美] 翻译句子
③不知您能否帮我让这个小男孩平静下来。
I wonder if you could help me to calm the little boy down.
PAGE
7(共39张PPT)
A鱼Reading for Writing
[学范文·通技法]——它山之石，可以攻玉
范文诠释
[教材原文]
The Daily News
TSUNAMI HITS ASIA：
OVER 6，500 DEAD
By Robert Woodhouse Monday, 27 December 2004
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.The undersea quake struck around 7：00 a．m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island.In that area alone, at least 1，870 people were killed.
In Sri Lanka, some 1，600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of deaths stood at 2，498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said.Indian officials said as many as 1，900 had been killed along the southern coast.Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries.In southern Thailand, 1，900 people were hurt and many more were missing, local officials said.“I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety，” said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman.
Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days.Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami hit countries.However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
[名师论道]
[学语言]
第一段
1.本段第二句中用“sweep”一词要比使用“wash”更合适，形象地表达出了海浪造成破坏的严重程度。
2.本段第一句中使用了 that引导的定语从句(that crashed into coastlines ...)，现在分词短语作状语(killing more than 6，500 people ...)；第二句使用了过去分词短语作定语(caused by the strong earthquake ...)以及that引导的定语从句(that reached a magnitude ...)，这些高级句式的运用使得文章精彩纷呈。
第二、三段
1.文中第三段第一句中用“Thousands of”一词表达了海啸危害的人数之多。
2.第二、三段主要使用了被动语态；be doing ...when, make＋it＋形容词＋to do sth等高级句式彰显了较强的语言功底。
[学结构]
第一段主要从总体上介绍了海啸发生的时间、地点及破坏程度，各句之间衔接紧凑，逻辑清晰。
第二、三段主要运用and, however等衔接词从细节方面详细介绍了海啸造成的破坏。
写作技法
一、题型特点
概要写作是一种要求阅读和写作并重的英语高考新题型，有准确性、完整性、概括性、客观性、个体性等特点。概要写作提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生在对原文阅读后根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。概要所用语句既要用词准确、结构合理、语意连贯、不得抄写原文，又要完全概括出文章的中心大意。
二、注意事项
1.词数限制在60词左右，上下限不得超出10个单词。
2.要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。
3.人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可变换成第三人称。
4.写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照搬、照抄原文。
三、写作步骤
第一步：归纳主旨大意(含段落大意)
概要写作的第一步便是通读全文，进而提取主旨大意，即有关文章的主要内容或作者在该文中的观点或主张。
阅读语篇时，根据不同文体的文章可采取以下方法：
记叙文 圈出记叙文的六要素(who、when、where、what、how、why)；如果是夹叙夹议文，还要写出故事给读者带来的启示或寓意
说明文 找出文章要说明的对象、观点或建议
议论文 提取议论文的三要素(论点、论据、结论)
第二步：提炼关键词汇
1.细读各个段落，找出关键词，区别段落中哪些是main ideas，哪些是supporting ideas, examples 和additional information。通常是在与文章主旨相关的句子中提炼关键词。正确找出关键词汇是概要写作最重要的前提和保障。
2.不要包括过多详细的信息、细节性的信息，如数字、举例等不必一一列出。
第三步：合并和改写
1.合并信息首先需要对信息进行分类、整合，找到信息之间的联系，再将联系紧密的信息合并在一起。同一层级的主旨句不宜合并在一起，但如果联系紧密，且没有支持的细节信息，可以考虑合并。
2.在核心信息的基础上进行语言表达形式的改写，对原文的语言表达形式尽可能实现大规模地改变(改词、换句型)。
第四步：核查成文
核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词(but, then, later, finally, besides, thus, therefore, yet); 核查标点和语法；核查词数，并最终连句成文。
[仿佳作·找差距]——巧借外力，事半功倍
[题目要求]
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Your hunger doesn't necessarily mean you are really hungry.It is an important sign of what is happening in your body — physically, emotionally and mentally.Sounds strange It is true and here in this article we shall discuss certain things that your hunger is trying to tell you.
When you feel hungry, try to figure out if you are really hungry.Sometimes when you think that you are hungry, you might be thirsty.It is possible that you have been dehydrated (脱水) for a long time and your body is sending a signal through your hunger.So instead of eating, go for water and quench your thirst at the earliest.
If you feel hungry all the time, it could mean that you are depriving (剥夺) yourself of certain foods and hence the body is craving for these.If you are on a strict diet, then go for foods and legumes rich in protein along with complex carbohydrates (碳水化合物) like quinoa and brown rice that will take you a long time to digest and will keep you full for a long period of time.
You might get hungry for a certain kind of food only at times.This is because you become emotional about certain foods.For example, if you are happy and celebrating your anniversary, you might end up having a desire for the cake that you brought to celebrate the special occasion.This is called emotional eating.
Sometimes your hunger might mean that you need to take a break.When you end up working at a stretch, and you do not realise that your body needs rest, you can end up feeling hungry as it is a way your body is telling you to break free from work.
Sometimes when you are bored or stressed out, you might feel hungry.It is the body's way of telling you that you need a change of scene.Go out, take a walk, talk to your dearest friend or simply take some deep breaths.Even after this, if you feel hungry, do eat.
[仿写步骤]
Step 1 归纳主旨大意
主旨大意：文章主要介绍了饥饿的五个信号。这些信号产生的时候我们不一定是真的饿了，可能是你的身体有别的需求。
文章结构：
Paragraph 1：
Things your
hunger is trying
to tell you
Step 2 提炼关键词
Paragraph 1：
1．Your hunger doesn't necessarily mean you are really hungry.
2．We shall discuss certain things that your hunger is trying to tell you.
Paragraph 2：
3．Sometimes when you think that you are hungry, you might be thirsty．
Paragraph 3：
4．If you feel hungry all the time, it could mean that you are depriving yourself of certain foods and hence the body is craving for these.
Paragraph 4：
5．You might get hungry for a certain kind of food only at times.
6．This is called emotional eating．
Paragraph 5：
7．Your hunger might mean that you need to take a break．
Paragraph 6：
8．Sometimes when you are bored or stressed out, you might feel hungry．
Step 3 合并和改写
1．要点1和2
合并：Your hunger doesn't necessarily mean you are really hungry.However, it is trying to tell you other things.
改写：Many factors can explain why your hunger doesn't necessarily mean you are really hungry.
2．要点3和4
合并：Being thirsty or having a desire for certain foods may make you feel hungry.
改写：When you are thirsty or having a desire for a certain food, you will feel hungry．
3．要点5和6
合并：Sometimes, you might get hungry for a certain kind of food, which is called emotional eating.
改写：You might be hungry when you become emotional about certain foods on some special occasions.
4．要点7和8
合并：Other factors, such as lack of rest or being bored or stressed out, make you feel hungry.
改写：Lack of rest or feeling bored or stressed out can also lead to your hunger．
Step 4 核查成文
核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数并最终连接成文。
Many factors can explain why your hunger doesn't necessarily mean you are really hungry.(要点1)First, when you are thirsty or having a desire for a certain food, you will feel hungry.(要点2)Besides, you might be hungry when you become emotional about certain foods on some special occasions.(要点3)Moreover, lack of rest or feeling stressed out can also lead to your hunger.(要点4)
1．crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞
(教材p.54)The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday ...
昨天，40年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带。
crash into/onto ... 撞到……里/上
with a crash 轰隆一声
[佳句] A lot of passengers were killed in the train crash.
许多旅客在火车相撞事故中丧生了。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The car crashed onto a big stone and burst into flames.
②The tree fell with a great crash all of a sudden.
[写美] 补全句子
③A plane crashed yesterday on the mountain near the city.
昨天一架飞机在城市附近的山上坠毁了。
2．wave n．海浪；波浪；挥手vi.& vt.挥手；招手
(教材p.54)Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.
渔民、游客、旅馆、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震引发的巨浪卷走。
wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别
向某人挥手
[佳句] She refused the offer with a wave of her hand.
她摆摆手拒绝了这一提议。
[练透] 单句语法填空/补全句子
①The policeman waved the driver to stop (stop).
②I waved goodbye to him, but he ignored me.
我向他挥手告别，但他不理我。
[写美] 一句多译
③公共汽车开走时，他向我们挥了挥手。
→He waved to/at us as the bus drove off.(wave v．)
→He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.(wave n．)
3．strike vi.& vt.(struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；突然想到n.罢工；罢课；袭击
(教材p.54)The undersea quake struck around 7：00 a．m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island.
海底地震在周日上午7时许在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域爆发。
(1)be struck by ... 被……打动
某人突然想起……
(2)be/go on strike 举行罢工
[佳句] All the international students were deeply struck by my introduction.
所有的国际学生都被我的介绍深深地迷住了。
[练透] 写出下列句子中strike的词性及含义
①The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake. vt.迷住
②That area was struck by a snowstorm. vt.侵袭
③They were on strike for higher pays. n.罢工
[写美] 一句多译
④我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。
→It struck me that the phone number I had told them was wrong.(strike)
→It occurred to me that the phone number I had told them was wrong.(occur)
→It hit me that the phone number I had told them was wrong.(hit)
4．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表
(教材p.54)However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物质补给将非常困难。
(1)deliver sth (to sb) (给某人)递送/传送某物
(2)deliver a speech 发表演讲/致辞
生孩子
deliver a baby 接生
[佳句] The nurse delivered the twins safely last night.
昨天晚上那位护士安全地接生了一对孪生儿。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①It was very considerate of you to deliver milk to our door every morning.
②I wonder why you refused to deliver (deliver) my letters to my home last week.
[写美] 补全句子
③He delivered the opening speech at the opening ceremony of the 2018 World Cup.
他在2018年世界杯的开幕式上致了开幕词。
5．(教材p.55) effect n．影响；结果；效果
(1)have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响
come into effect 生效
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的
[佳句] While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但并不是所有的影响都是积极的。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The measures taken by the local government will come into effect next month.
②In my opinion, go outdoors and play team games with your friends, which is an effective (effect) way to get rid of anger.
[写美] 补全句子
③There is no doubt that reading books can have a good effect on the children．
不可否认，读书会对儿童有良好的影响。
1．句型公式：be doing sth when ...正在做某事这时……
(教材p.54)I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，这时海水开始灌入屋内。
when在此处是并列连词，表示“正在那时，这时”，常用句型有：
be doing sth when ... 正在做某事这时……
be about to do sth when ...＝be on the point of doing sth when ... 正要做某事，这时……
had just done sth when ... 刚做过某事这时……
[佳句] Last Monday, I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle.
上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。
[练透] 补全句子
①She was walking along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help.
她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到呼救声。
②I had just turned on the computer when my parents came back.
我刚刚打开电脑，这时我父母回来了。
[写美] 句型转换
③Seated in the classroom, I was on the point of taking my books out when suddenly I became frozen.
→Seated in the classroom, I was about to take my books out when suddenly I became frozen.
2．句型公式：make＋it＋形容词/名词(宾语补足语)＋to do/that从句
(教材p.54)However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
(1)make＋it＋形容词/名词＋不定式/that从句，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式或that从句。find、 feel、 think、 take等动词也有这样的用法。
(2)make＋宾语＋宾语补足语，宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、过去分词、介词短语、不带to的不定式等。
[佳句] To make it easy to get in touch with us, you'd better keep this card at hand.
为了容易与我们联系，你最好将这张卡放在手边。
[练透] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①The police made the naughty guy stand (stand) against the wall.
②The man spoke loudly to make himself heard (hear).
③I find it is hard to remember these words in a short time.
→I find it hard to remember these words in a short time.(it作形式宾语)
[写美] 补全句子
④I must make it clear that I will make every effort to win the medal.
我必须表明，我会尽全力赢得奖牌。
[点津] 当“make＋宾语＋do sth”变为被动语态时，不定式符号to要加上。
维度一：品句填词
1．Her beauty struck (打动) him deeply and he decided to marry her.
2．There is a summary (总结) at the end of each chapter.
3．Several hours later，the little boy was rescued with the aid/help (帮助) of the police.
4．They asked the little boy to sweep(打扫) the room clean.
5．There were so many goods on 11 November and it took a long time to deliver (递送) them.
6．The driver lost control of the car by accident and crashed (碰，撞) into a tree.
7．It is very important to keep calm when an earthquake breaks out.
8．In the car crash yesterday, only one of the five people survived．
维度二：单句语法填空
1．Although it looks something like a volcanic eruption (erupt), this is actually a picture of a dust storm.
2．I have to believe that encouragement is so powerful (power) that it can change a person.
3．The fish can grow to a length (long) of four feet.
4．What's more, it is another effective (effect) way to deal with the problem.
5．Do not have a drink or take drugs to calm yourself (you)down.
6．The motorcycle ran so fast that it crashed into the fence.
7．A man in the river was shouting and waving (wave) his arms around desperately.
8．Heavy floods struck (strike) the South last week, causing great damage to the local people.
9．Milk is delivered (deliver) to our door every morning.
10．In the past few years, the village has taken (take) on a new look.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1．We all know that playing with the smartphone for a long time has a bad effect on our eyesight．
我们都知道，长时间玩手机对我们的视力有不好的影响。
2．I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.
我正要放弃，那时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续。
3．And yet，as many as a quarter of the students haven't even finished high school.
而现在，有多达四分之一的学生甚至都没有完成高中阶段的教育。
4．He didn't come to attend her birthday party, making her very sad．
他没来参加她的生日晚会，这使她非常伤心。
5．It hit/occured to/struck me that I should buy a necklace for my mother as a birthday gift.
我突然想到我应该给妈妈买一条项链作为生日礼物。
6．People in the west make it a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.
在西方，人们常在圣诞节给亲朋好友购买礼物。
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