2022年人教版中考英语复习之介词2课件（共有PPT26张）

(共26张PPT)
专题五 preposition（介词）
中考英语语法专题
本专题内容适用于7—9年级学生
本专题一般共需2课时
Preposition(介词)
知识要点：
一、介词的分类和用法
二、常用介词搭配和区别
三、巩固练习
第二课时 常用介词搭配和区别
一、常用介词搭配
二、介词搭配区别
三、常见易错点辨析
四、巩固练习
在家　　　　　　　　at home
在学校 at school
在工作 _at work_
立刻 at once
在晚上 at night
在……的尽头 at the end of
在……的开始 at the beginning of
要，请求 __ask for_
到达 arrive in(at)
同意某人 agree with sb
以……开始 begin with_
在……方面擅长 be good at
对……有好处 be good for
对……有害处 be bad for
充满 be full of_
出生于…… be born in
对某事感到满意 be satisfied with sth
对某人严格 be strict with sb
忙于做某事 ___________
迟到 be late for
生某人的气 be angry with sb
对某人感到满意 be pleased with sb
对……感兴趣 be interested in
与……不同 _______________
以……骄傲 ______________
对……感到厌烦 be tired of
be different from
be proud of
be busy with sth
赶上 catch up with
依靠 ____________
在……方面做得好 do well in…
充满，装满 fill with
听说 __________
收到……的来信 __________
在……方面帮助 help…with
最后，终于 in the end
depend on
hear of
hear from
睡觉 in bed
及时 __________
匆忙，急忙 in a hurry
在阳光下 __________
事实上 in fact
处于困境中 ________
看 look at
寻找 look for
照顾，照看 look after
检查 look over
嘲笑 __________
in trouble
in time
in the sun
laugh at
动身去某处 _________
听 listen to
与……交朋友 make friends with
在某人回家的路上 on one's way home
展览 __________
究竟，到底 on earth
在……顶部 on the top of
另一方面 on the other hand
值日；值班 on duty
步行 on foot
照顾，照看 _________
leave for
on show
take care of
三?易混介词的用法辨析
1. 动作介词to与toward的用法辨析
介词to表示向某处移动“到……”?
如?They are walking to the school.他们正走去学校。
介词toward 表示移向某处“朝…...”?
如?We‘re moving toward the light. 我们正朝着光移动。
2. 材料介词of和from的用法
介词of用于成品与材料的性质不变时?
如?The desk is made of wood. 这张桌子由木头制成。
介词from用于成品与材料的性质已变时?
如?Wine is made from grapes. 酒是葡萄做的。
3.表示“用”的介词in、with、by的用法辨析
介词in表示“用材料、语言”
如?Can you say it in English 你会用英语说这个吗？
介词with表示“用工具、某物”
如?Can you draw pictures with a pen 你会用钢笔画画吗？
介词by表示“用、以、靠、通过…...方法”
如?He prefers traveling by car.
4. 介词between与among的用法辨析
介词between 表示“在两者之间”
如?Don’t sit between the two girls.
介词among表示“在 当中?三者或以上?”
如?They lived among the mountains in the past.
5. 介词besides与except的用法辨析
介词besides表示“除……之外?全部计算在内?”
如?We have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang.
除了李芳以外，我们也看过这只鳄鱼。
介词except表示“除 之外?不计算在内?”
如?We are all Chinese except Tom in our class.
我们搬出了汤姆都是中国人。
四、正误辨析?
1.?误? He became a writter at his twenties? ?
? 正? He became a writter in his twenties? ?
? 析: 这句话应译为:他在20多岁时就成了作家。
在某人的一段 生活时间段中要用 介词in来表示?而在具体岁
数时用at来表示。
2.?误? I haven't seen you during the summer holidays.?
? 正? I haven't seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays.
? 析? during表示在某一段时间之内 所以一般不与完成时搭配
如?I visited a lot of museums during the holiday.
而for表示一段时间 可以用于完成时
如?I haven't seen you for a long time.
而through 用来表示时间时则为"整整 全部的时间"。
如?It rained through the night.?
而since则是表达主句动作的起始时间 一般要与完成时连用。
?
?
3.?误： At entering the classroom, I heard the good news.?
? 正： On entering the classroom, I heard the good news.?
析： On 加动名词表示"一…就"。本句的译文应是:我一进入教室
就听见这个好消息了。
又如on hearing… 一听见
on arrival 一到达就….(on表示动作的名词)?
4.?误： He came to London before last weekend.? ?
正：He had come to London before last weekend.?
He came to London two weeks ago.?
? 析： before 一般要与完成时连用?而ago则与一般过去时连用。
5. 误：Three days after he died.?
? 正：After three days he died.? Three days later he died.?
? 析：after 与 later都可以用来表达一段时间之后?但它们所处的
位置不同?after 在时间词前?而later在时间词后。?
?
6. 误：I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours.?
正：I can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours.?
? 析：中文经常讲两小时之后来取?两天内会修好?而这个介词在
英文中要用in而不要用after。其原因有二?
①after 多用于过去时?
如：I arrived in New York. After three days, I found a job in the bank.
② after 加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围?
如?after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干
时间内会完成某事时，一定要用介词in。?
7. 误：There is a beautiful bird on the tree.?
? 正：There is a beautiful bird in the tree.?
? 析：树上长出的果实、树叶要用on, 而其他外来的人、物体均要用in
the tree.
8.误?There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall.?
?正 There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.?
?析?在屋内的角落应用in?而墙的外角用at?
如 There is a tree at the corner of the street.
9. 误?This weekend I'll stay in Uncle Wang's.?
正?This weekend I'll stay at Uncle Wang's.?
析 要注意英文的特殊表达法?
如 at a tailor's shop (裁缝店)?at a tailor's, ?at the doctor's (去看病)
at the bookseller's (在书店) at uncle Wang's (在王叔叔家)
10.误 Do you know there is some good news on today's newspaper ?
正 Do you know there is some good news in today's newspaper ?
析? 在报纸上的新闻要用in, 而在具体某一版上?或某一页上则要用on。
一、Fill in the blanks with right propositions
(用适当的介词填空)
1.We usually have lunch______ noon.?
2.Lin Tao was born______ February 18th.?
3.Ann sits_____ my right,______ Kate's left.
?She sits___________us.?
4.My father is leaving______ Suzhou tomorrow.?
5.They went_________ the gate and entered the garden.?
1.We usually have lunch______ noon.?
2.Lin Tao was born______ February 18th.?
3.Ann sits_____ my right,______ Kate's left.
?She sits___________us.?
4.My father is leaving______ Suzhou tomorrow.?
5.They went_________ the gate and entered the garden.?
at
on
on
on
between
for
through
一、Fill in the blanks with right propositions (用适当的介词填空)
6.We can do all things _______our hands.?
7.---Which necklace have you lost
---The one you gave me _____ my birthday
8.Last month he worked____ a teacher ___ three weeks.?
9.Hangzhou is famous ______ the West Lake.
10. I worked on the problem ____ a long time and I worked it out____myself____ last.
6.We can do all things _______our hands.?
7.? ---Which necklace have you lost
---The one you gave me _____ my birthday
8.Last month he worked____ a teacher ___ three weeks.?
9.Hangzhou is famous ______ the West Lake.
10. I worked on the problem ____ a long time and I worked it out____myself____ last.
with
on
as
for
for
for
at
by
1.（2021·四川达州市）— What happened to Tony
—_____ the morning of a rainy day, he _____ a bike and hurt his legs.
A．In; put off B．On; fell off C．In; fell off D．On; put off
2．（2021·江苏苏州市）Football fans are often called the “12th man” because of their influence _____ a team.
A．to B．from C．on D．at
3．（2021·江苏扬州市）China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A．on B．in C．at D．to
4．（2021·云南昆明市）Since 1921, the Communist Party of China （中国共产党）has been leading the Chinese people ________ a better life.
A．of B．on C．at D．to
B
C
A
D
5.（2021·四川自贡市）—Have you heard of the news about Yuan Longping
—Yes. It’s reported that he passed away _____ the age of 91 yesterday.
A．at B．in C．on
6.（2021·安徽）Our country has made great progress in the fight _____ blue skies and clear waters.
A．in B．for C．against D．between
7.（2020 贵州黔南州）There is going to be an English movie in our school ______ the evening of June 30.
A. at B. in C. for D. on
8.（2020 海南省）Eight members of a Chinese team arrived ____ the top of Mount Qomolangma successfully.
A. in B. at C. to
9.（2020 黑龙江绥化）—What time is it
—It's half ______ seven.
A. past B. to C. at
A
B
D
B
A
Summary 课时总结
早、午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。 　　年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。 　　将来时态in...以后，小处at大处in。 　　有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。 　　特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。 　　介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。
　　
介词用法口诀
日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚， 　　收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。 　　着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。 　　特定时日和"一……就"，on后常接动名词。 　　年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。 　　步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。
　　
at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。 　　工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。 　　就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。 　　海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。
this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。 　　接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。 　　over、under正上下，above、below则不然， 　　若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。' 　　beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。 　　besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。 　　同类比较except，加for异类记心间。
　　
原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词 　　under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。
　　
before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。 　　before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。 　　since以来during间，since时态多变换。 　　与之相比beside，除了last but one。 　　复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。 　　快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。 　　but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。 　　ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。 　　之后、关于、在......方面，有关介词须记全。 　　in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。
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