2022年人教版中考英语复习之主谓一致（语法一致）课件（共有PPT20张）

(共20张PPT)
专题十 Subject-verb Agreement
（主谓一致）
中考英语语法专题
本专题内容适用于7--9年级学生
本专题一般共需2课时
第一课时 语法一致
一、何谓主谓一致
二、语法一致原则
三、巩固练习
一、何谓主谓一致
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
找出下列句子的错误
1.The sad news make me cry.
2.My shoes is new .
3.There are a book and two rulers on the desk.
Let’s try.
make--makes
is---are
are--is
二、语法一致原则
语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
Sun Li is really a good actress.
Seeing is believing.
Wang Han and He Jiong are both famous hosts.
What he did is really disappionting.
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
His father is working on the farm.
To study English well is not easy.
What he said is very important for us all.
The children were in the classroom two hours ago.
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如：
What I bought were three English books.
What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.
2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。如：
Lucy and Lily are twins.
She and I are classmates.
Both she and he are Young Pioneers.
注意：① 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：
The writer and artist has come.
② 表整体概念或配套事物的并列结构：
bread and butter knife and fork
iron and steel law and order
a watch and chain a needle and thread
The knife and fork is on the desk.
刀叉放在桌子上。
③ 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：
Every student and every teacher was in the room.. /
No boy and no girl likes it.
3、主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。如：
Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.
Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.
She, like you and Tom, is very tall.
4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。如：
Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.
注意：① 在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：
Neither of the texts is (are) interesting.
② 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如：
None of us has (have) been to America.
Quiz 即学即练
1.Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China.
are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study
2.Every' boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party.
A. wish B. wishes C. is like D. like
3.The League secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.
A. is B. was C. are D. is being
4.The great writer and professor____.
A. is an old man B. are both old men
C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese
Quiz 即学即练
1.Mary as well as her sisters __C__ Chinese in China.
are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study
2.Every' boy and every girl __B__ to attend the evening party.
A. wish B. wishes C. is like D. like
3.The League secretary and the monitor __C__ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.
A. is B. was C. are D. is being
4.The great writer and professor __A__.
A. is an old man B. are both old men
C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese
5、在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：
He is one of my friends who are working hard.
He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.
6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如：
Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.
注意：people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：
The police are looking for the lost child.
7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如：
There are a lot of people in the classroom.
The rest of the lecture is wonderful.
50% of the students in our class are girls.
注意： a number of“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of“…的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。
8、在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：
There comes the bus. 公交车来了。
On the wall are many pictures. 墙上有很多画。
Such is the result. 这就是结果。
Such are the facts.这些就是事实。
Quiz 即学即练
1.Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants.
A. was B. is C. would be D. are
2.A large number of students in our class____ girls.
A. are B. was C. is D. be
3.She is the only one of die students who ____ elected.
are B. have C. has D. is
4.This is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked.
A. have B. has C. have been D. has been
5.The police ____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
A. is searching for B. were searching for
C. are searching for D. were searching
Quiz 即学即练
1.Over 80 percent of the population of China __D__ peasants.
A. was B. is C. would be D. are
2.A large number of students in our class __A__ girls.
A. are B. was C. is D. be
3.She is the only one of die students who __D__ elected.
are B. have C. has D. is
4.This is one of the most interesting questions that __C__ asked.
A. have B. has C. have been D. has been
5.The police __B__ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
A. is searching for B. were searching for
C. are searching for D. were searching
中考真题
1.(2020黑龙江齐齐哈尔市)9．To avoid gathering (聚集), neither the students nor their head teacher _______ going to the party this evening.
A．was B．are C．is
2.(2020湖南怀化)5．Journey to the West is interesting. Both my father and my sister ______ the book very much.
A．likes B．like C．dislike
3.(2020甘肃天水)43．Not only Jim but also his sister _____ a few cities in the south since they came to China.
A．have visited B．has visited C．visited D．visits
4.(2020江苏宿迁)2．—Mum, I'm hungry.
—There____some biscuits on the table. Enjoy them, please.
A．is B．are C．has D．have
5.(2020辽宁丹东)7．Fresh water ________ more important than anything else.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
C
B
B
A
B
课时总结
语法一致口诀
单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单，
如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。
有些名词谓常复，cattle, people, police等即这般。
主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。
Many a 作主语也如此，谓语动词应用单。
不定词短语，动名词，主语从句谓全单。
None, all, half of等，of 之宾语定答案。
还有分数，百分数，仍据of之宾语定复单。
量词用法请注意， 谓语要随量词变。
And 连接两名词，身兼两职一定冠，
no each every 后单名，两件（种）事（物）系一概念，
代词neither either each等作主，
以上情况请记请，谓语动词全用单。
Thank you for listening