2022年中考英语复习--阅读理解之事实细节题（共有PPT16张)

(共16张PPT)
专题十八 阅读理解
中考英语语法专题
本专题内容适用于7--9年级学生
本专题一般共需4课时
第二课时 阅读理解
一、事实细节题解题要点
二、事实细节题的常见的提问形式:
三、巩固练习
事实细节型
文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
提问的特殊疑问词常有：what, who, which, where, how, why 等。
解题原则：忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。
一、事实细节题解题要点
1）Which of the following statement is true
2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text
3）The author ( or the passage) states that___.
4）According to the passage, when ( where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.)___
在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：
The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃. The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows……
CALORIES NEEDED PER DAY
Baby 750 Office worker 2,700
Child aged 8 2,100 Woman feeding baby 2,700
Man over 70 2,100 Boy aged 16 3,000
Woman 3,600 Farmer 2,600
Q1) ____ calories are required to raise the temperature of
5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.
A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D. 275
Q2) Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above
A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of
calories that a baby does.
A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does.
An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.
D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.
【解析】答案为 D
根据文章细节内容，计算公式为：
(90-35)×5×1=275
【解析】答案为 C
根据文章图表，依次验证A、B、C、D 四个答案的
内容是否正确。很易找出 C 符合图表内容。
What do you think of your teachers？Now，American students
can say what they think on a new website！
On www. ，students can rate(评定) their teachers. So far，there have been 2 million ratings for 365，000 teachers at 21，000 schools in the US and Canada.
Question:
Where can the students rate(评定) their teachers
according to the passage？
　　 A. On a new website
　　 B. At the class meeting
　　 C. In the classroom.
　　 D. Out of the school
Quiz 小试牛刀
Years ago，many zoos kept all kinds of animals in small
cages. Small cages made it easy for people to see the animals
，but a small cage is not a good place for an animal to live
in. Today zoos keep animals in different kinds of cages. The
cages are very big and open. They usually have plants and a
little lake.
1.Zoos kept animals in small cages so that people can
A. protect them B. see them better
C. feed them D. save them
2.Today，zoos keep animals
A. in bigger cages B. in the wild
C. in smaller cages D. in the field
Then, about six months after she arrived, I felt something
in my heart was taking place, and I was unable to stop it. My
behavior began to change. I began to smile at people when
passing them in a street. I returned waves （招手） from
neighbors. I started calling my kids and, to my surprise, they
started calling me. I even tried to speak to my grandchildren
over the phone once. I even was glad to listen to laughter from
a 10-month-old granddaughter. The point is that I was changing.　
70. When did the man’s behavior begin to change
About two years ago.
B. When Gertie was nearly two years old.
C. When Gertie was 15 weeks old.
D. About six months after Gertie arrived.
Would you like to try again
Albert was an ordinary worker in an oil company in America.
His workmates gave a nickname（绰号）“Four dollars a
bucket (桶)” to him, for he was always used to leaving an
advertisement of his company “Four dollars a bucket of oil”
below his name whenever and wherever he wrote down his name.
As time went by, people forgot his real name. Later, when
Rockefeller, the board chairman (董事长) of the oil company,
heard of it, he was very surprised, so he invited Albert to come to
his office.
73. What was Albert in the oil company at the beginning
A worker. B. An assistant.
C. A manager. D. The second board chairman.
It’s so beautiful outside that spending the day in the
office would be very boring. So why not take the vacations
off A new survey found that 31% of U.S. workers don’t
always take all of their vacation days. Americans have 12
vacation days on average (平均) each year, but they give
back an average of three vacation days each year.
77. How many vacation days do Americans actually have on average each year
A. 9. B. 12. C. 15. D. 23.
You are listening to Radio South. Here is some information about a
pop concert. The group Red River will come to London soon. They
will be in London from the twenty-eighth of October to the second of
November. Tickets are really dear --- they cost thirty pounds each, but
half of that money will go to a children’s hospital. To book a ticket,
telephone two-eight-three, double 0-six-five between ten a.m. and
five p.m.. The London concerts will be in the South Bank Hall. It’s
very easy to find. The best way to get there is to take the train, and it
takes 40 minutes. The concert hall is in Trinity Street. That’s T-R-I-
N-I-T-Y Street. See you there.
17. When will the group Red River leave London
A. On October 28th. B. On November 2nd. C. On November 28t
18. What is the telephone number
A. 238-0065. B. 283-6005. C. 283-0065.
19. How long does it take to get to the South Bank Hall
A. Thirty minutes. B. Forty minutes. C. Fifty minutes.
课时总结
解题步骤：
(1)迅速定位，缩小范围：通过阅读题干，找出关键词；迅速确定关键词在文中的位置，缩小阅读范围。关键词包括：专有名词、数词、时间副词，动词,形容词最高级或比较级等。
(2)理解其意，对照选项：定位后，仔细阅读，要对照选项。
(3)排干扰选项，选出答案：
干扰项特征：①杜撰事实。②文不对题。
③半真半假。与原文细节部分相同，部分相悖。
④偷梁换柱。采用原文中的句式和大部分词汇，但换了个别词，改变原意。
Thank you for listening