2021-2022学年上海市青浦高级中学高一上学期12月考试英语试题Grammar and Vocabulary 24%
Section A(14%)
Directions: Choose the best answer
1. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it________.
A. is painted B. was painted C. was painting D. was being painted
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查过去进行时的被动形式。句意：放学后我们去阅读室读书，结果被告知阅览室正在被刷油漆。told 后为that引导的宾语从句，it指代the reading room，时间状语为after school，根据句意可知，阅览室在我去那儿的时候是正在被刷漆，故用过去进行时的被动语态，was/were being done，故选D。
2. It was never clear ________ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.
A. that B. how C. when D. why
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这一直不清楚为什么那个人没有早点报告这起事故。根据句中never clear可知，是指不清楚其中不报道的原因；why“为什么”，在句子充当原因状语。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。故选D
3. （2013江西高考）_________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. Whoever B. Whatever
C. Whichever D. Wherever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：无论你们其中哪个人弄坏窗子都得为之赔偿。主句谓语为will have to pay，之前为主语从句， whichever“无论哪一个”，作定语。故选C。
4. Samuel survived when the car ________ he was a passenger in turned off the road and hit a tree.
A. where B. that
C. as D. why
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：萨缪尔是一名乘客，当他乘坐的汽车驶离道路，撞到一棵树上时，他幸免于难。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the car,在其后的定语从句he was a passenger in中作介词in的宾语，故用that引导，故选B。
5. I heard many different accents in the room, but none__________ I could identify as British.
A. of which B. of them C. which D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查并列句。句意：我听到房间里有许多不同的口音，但没有一个我能听出是英国口音。本句为but连接的并列句，所以不再需用连词，后文用none of them作主语，故选B。
6. They felt such heat in the jungle ________ they had never felt before.
A. which B. that C. as D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们在丛林中感受到了前所未有的酷热。分析句子结构，句子是含有定语从句的复合句，________ they had never felt before是定语从句修饰先行词heat，先行词前有such修饰，应用as引导定语从句，在从句中作动词felt的宾语。故选C项。
7. The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed.
A. when B. that
C. whether D. how
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点发布。空格后的句子解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，从句句意完整，成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选B。
8. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ______ others actually understand.
A. why B. that C. which D. what
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你本来想通过一些话语传达的信息，可能让其他人听起来是相反的含义。what在名词性从句中做主语或宾语。根据介词后是名词性从句，而且从句中动词缺少宾语， 故选D。
9. --Did your brother come back early last night
--Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock ________ he arrived home
A. when B. before C. that D. until
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：——你哥哥昨天晚上回来得早吗？——是的。当他回到家时还不到八点。A. when 当……的时候； B. before 在……之前； C. that 无意义； D. until直到。It was not yet eight o'clock为主句，为主系表结构。空格后有主语谓语动词，因此空格处为并列连词或从属连词构成一个分句。根据句意，此处为当他回到家时，可知此处为when引导的时间状语从句。故选A。
10. ________you want me to fire you, I suggest you stop wearing sports clothes at office.
A. If B. Since C. Unless D. Until
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果你想让我解雇你，我建议你不要在办公室里穿运动服。A. If如果；B. Since因为；C. Unless除非；D. Until直到。此处表示除非你想让我解雇你，结合句意，故选C。
11. She remembered it________ it were yesterday and knew it would haunt her forever.
A. as though B. even though C. as soon as D. the moment
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查从属连词辨析。句意：她记得这件事，仿佛就在昨天，而且知道这件事会永远萦绕在她心头。A. as though似乎，好像；B. even though尽管；C. as soon as一……就……；D. the moment一……就……。根据“it were yesterday ”可知，此处表示好像就在昨天。故选A。
12. We all seemed unwilling to say what was on our minds, ________ it might arouse suspicion.
A. which B. in order that C. so that D. for fear that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句用法辨析。句意：我们似乎都不愿意说出自己的想法，因为担心会引起怀疑。分析句子结构，从句it might arouse suspicion用了虚拟语气。根据语意，此处表示“生怕”之意，辨析选项连词，可知由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，for fear that符合题意。A. which引导非限制性定语从句，B.in order that引导目的状语从句，C.so that引导目的或结果状语从句，以上三个选项均不符合题意。故选D项。
13. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ______.
A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查宾语从的语序的连接词。句意：当司机变换行走路线时，司机应该用信号灯让其他的人知道他在进入哪一条线路。这里是which lane引导的宾语从句，从句的语序应是陈述语序。根据句意，故选B。
14. —Have you finished the book
—No，I’ve read up to____ the children discover the secret cave.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：--你看完那本书了吗？--没有，我刚读到孩子们发现洞的秘密的这个地方。这里是宾语从句，where引导的宾语从句，它在从句中作的是地点状语，根据句意故选D。
Section B (10%o)
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A.fascination B.luxury C.adventurers D. snow-capped E.significantly F.accessibleG. hopefully H. vast I.draw J.tempted K.accommodate
Few countries have such a diverse and appealing“ Outdoors” as the USA. The landscape is ____15____ varied and spectacular. In the west there are Rocky Mountains with their ____16____ peaks, and in the east the forest-covered Appalachians, whose highest
summit is nearly 7000 feet. There is also an abundance of waterfalls, rivers, lakes that are small and intimate or ____17____ like the Great Lakes. In winter and spring, tourists are ____18____ by the clear skies and breathtaking multi-colored rocks of Arizona,Colorado and New Mexico.
Everything worth seeing in the USA is ____19____ to picnickers and vacationers by highways and unpaved secondary roads, which ____20____ people to places from where where they can push off onto the wilderness. Once in the wilderness,the chief worry will be, not how to avoid other hikers, but how not to get lost!
Many Americans, young and old, prefer camping in vehicles called"campers”. There exist many different kinds from the extremely extravagant to the cheap convertible pick-up truck. There are monster campers with every imaginable ____21____, from deep freezers and microwave ovens, to plush carpets and color television sets.They can ____22____ four people comfortably.
Horseback riding also holds a ____23____ for many but it's a more expensive sport.There are ranches in Texas and other border states where you can stay and live the life of a cowboy or cowgirl. Other great outdoor pastimes for ____24____ can be skiing in the Rockies and hunting in Alaska, surfing, waterskiing in Florida.
【答案】15. E 16. D
17. H 18. J
19. F 20. I
21. B 22. K
23. A 24. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国的各种各样的和吸引人的户外运动。
【15题详解】
考查副词。句意：这里的风景多姿多彩，蔚为壮观，significantly显著地，值得注意地。设空处后为形容词，副词修饰形容词。结合句意。故选E。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在西部有积雪覆盖的落基山脉，在东部有森林覆盖的阿巴拉契亚山脉，它的最高峰。snow-capped 山顶部被雪覆盖的，设空处后为名词，形容词修饰名词，设空处为形容词。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这里还有大量的瀑布、河流、湖泊，这些湖泊或小而近，或像五大湖一样浩瀚。vast广阔的，设空处和or前的形容词并列，故设空处为形容词。结合句意。故选H。
【18题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：在冬季和春季，游客们会被亚利桑那州、科罗拉多州和新墨西哥州的晴朗天空和令人叹为观止的多彩岩石所吸引。tempted吸引。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语tourists之间是被动关系。结合句意，故选J。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在美国，所有值得一看的东西都可以通过高速公路和未铺设的二级公路到达野餐者和度假者那里。这些公路和未铺设的二级公路吸引着人们从他们可以进入荒野的地方出发。accessible可利用的、可得到的；be accessible to容易接近的。结合句意。故选F。
【20题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意见上题解析。draw 吸引,设空处在非限制性定语从句中作谓语，结合句意。故选I。
【21题详解】
考查名词。句意：这里有各种各样可以想象得到的奢侈品，从冷藏箱和微波炉，到豪华地毯和彩色电视机。luxury奢侈品，设空处前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，设空处为名词。结合句意，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：他们可以舒适地住四个人。accommodate为……提供住宿。设空前为can,设空处后为动词原形。结合句意，故选K。
【23题详解】
考查名词。句意：骑马对许多人来说也是一种魅力，但它是一项更昂贵的运动。fascination 魅力,设空处前为冠词a，设空处应为可数名词单数形式。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词。句意：对于冒险者来说，其他的户外娱乐活动包括在落基山脉滑雪、在阿拉斯加打猎、在佛罗里达冲浪和滑水。adventurer冒险，设空处前为介词，设空处应为名词形式，且设空处前无冠词修饰，设空处应为复数形式。结合句意，故选C。
Ill. Reading comprehension 37%
Section A(15%)
It is natural to find aspects of other cultures not only interesting but also attractive. Often the first image we see from another culture____25____ the longest in our minds. If you ask me what “Chinese culture” is, I would perhaps mention The Art of War or the Tao Te Ching, old classics I ____26____ by a Sinophile friend when I was a teenager. We considered them insightful and cool.
There is no better way, however, to help anyone really understand contemporary China than to learn its____27____. Therefore, I was ____28____ when the British government adopted a target that 5,000 students should be studying Mandarin(普通话) eight hours a week by 2020. Yet this is just part of a pan-Western ____29____! In the United States, the president has ____30____a similar movement to prepare young students to deal with China in future jobs.
The ____31____ behind such decisions include China’s economic development and growing importance in the world. As George Osborne, a member of the British Parliament put it, learning Mandarin will help young people succeed in an increasingly ____32____ economy. Mandarin is more “ ____33____ ”to their later careers than other languages.
I first met many Chinese and visited China during my university years. Since then, I’ve been trying to learn Mandarin. ____34____, studying the language by myself with books and CDs turns out to be quite tough. Devotion and regularly talking with native speakers really ____35____.
Meanwhile. I have found that many fresh graduates from China are not knowledgeable enough about Chinese and are not able to ____36____ original ideas to the West. This may explain why the most famous Chinese books in the West are still classics like those I mentioned. ____37____, the Western trend for learning Mandarin should not only fill you with pride but come as a“ ____38____” too. While you are busy learning English, you should perhaps spend an equal amount of time stepping up your Chinese knowledge as well. As part of the rising generation, you have the chance---and the responsibility--to ____39____ that cultural influence will go in both directions.
25. A. waits B. maintains C. lasts D. appears
26. A. was devoted to B. was introduced to C. was interested in D. was filled with
27. A. culture B. economy C. language D. industry
28. A. impressed B. confused C. satisfied D. stressed-out
29. A. signal B. custom C. pleasure D. trend
30. A. doubted B. supported C. ignored D. assisted
31. A. problems B. results C. reasons D. solutions
32. A. weakening B. tight C. steady D. competitive
33. A. relevant B. available C. close D. familiar
34 A. Undoubtedly B. Generally C. Obviously D. Unfortunately
35. A. suffers B. guarantees C. works D. applies
36. A. express B. expose C. cover D. communicate
37. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
38. A. sorrow B. warning C. relief D. confusion
39. A. ensure B. promise C. detect D. conclude
【答案】25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今西方国家正流行学习普通话的趋势以及背后的原因和给人们带来的启示。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，我们从另一种文化中看到的第一个形象在我们的脑海中持续时间最长。A. waits等待；B. maintains保持；C. lasts持续；D. appears出现。根据后文“the longest in our minds”指形象在脑海中的持续时间，应用last。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：如果你问我什么是“中国文化”，我可能会提到《孙子兵法》或《道德经》，这是我十几岁时，一个喜欢中国朋友向我介绍的古老经典。A. was devoted to致力于；B. was introduced to被介绍给；C. was interested in感兴趣；D. was filled with充满。根据后文“by a Sinophile friend when I was a teenager”可知喜欢中国的朋友把中国古老经典介绍给了作者，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，要想真正了解当代中国，没有比学习中国语言更好的方法了。A. culture文化；B. economy经济；C. language语言；D. industry工业。根据后文“studying Mandarin eight hours a week by 2020”提到了语言学习，可知此处作者想表达的是没有比学习中国语言更好的方法了。故选C。
28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，当英国政府制定到2020年，5000名学生每周学习8小时普通话的目标时，我印象深刻。A. impressed印象深刻的；B. confused困惑的；C. satisfied满意的；D. stressed-out不堪重负的。上文提到，作者认为要想真正了解当代中国，没有比学习中国语言更好的方法了，所以当英国政府制定到2020年，5000名学生每周学习8小时普通话的目标时，作者对此印象深刻。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这只是泛西方趋势的一部分！A. signal信号；B. custom习俗；C. pleasure压力；D. trend趋势。根据上文“Yet this is just part of a pan-Western”可知此处指学习中文是一种趋势。后文“the Western trend for learning Mandarin”也是提示。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国，总统支持了一个类似的运动，帮助年轻学生在未来的工作中应对中国。A. doubted怀疑；B. supported支持；C. ignored忽视；D. assisted协助。根据后文“a similar movement to prepare young students to deal with China in future jobs”可知，美国总统也支持了一个类似的学习中文的运动。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些决定背后的原因包括中国的经济发展和在世界上日益增长的重要性。A. problems问题；B. results结果；C. reasons理由；D. solutions解决方案。根据后文“behind such decisions include China's economic development and growing importance in the world”可知中国的经济发展和在世界上日益增长的重要性是这些决定背后的原因。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如英国国会议员乔治 奥斯本所言，在竞争日益激烈的经济形势下，学习普通话将有助于年轻人取得成功。A. weakening削弱；B. tight紧的；C. steady稳定的；D. competitive竞争的。结合上文“Mandarin will help young people succeed in an increasingly”可知普通话有助于年轻人在竞争日益激烈的经济形势下取得成功，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与其他语言相比，普通话对他们以后的职业生涯更有“相关性”。A. relevant相关的；B. available可获得的；C. close靠近的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“to their later careers than other languages”可知学习普通话是因为普通话对他们以后的职业生涯更有“相关性”。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，通过书本和CD自学语言是相当困难的。A. Undoubtedly确实地；B. Generally大体上；C. Obviously显然；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据后文“studying the language by myself with books and CDs turns out to be quite tough”说明了自学语言存在的困难，可见不幸地是光靠努力来自学是不够的。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：投入和定期与母语人士交谈真的很有用。A. suffers遭受；B. guarantees保证；C. works工作，奏效；D. applies应用。根据上文“studying the language by myself with books and CDs turns out to be quite tough. Devotion and regularly talking with native speakers really”可知靠书籍和CD自学很困难，所以要投入和定期与母语人士交谈才能奏效，work符合语境。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我发现很多刚从中国毕业的大学生对中文的了解还不够，也无法将自己的原创想法传达给西方。A. express表达；B. expose暴露；C. cover覆盖；D. communicate交流。根据后文“original ideas to the West”指和西方交流自己的想法，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，西方学习汉语趋势不仅应该让你感到自豪，也应该成为一个“警告”。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。此处前后文为因果关系，应用therefore。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，西方学习汉语的趋势不仅应该让你感到自豪，也应该成为一个“警告”。A. sorrow悲伤；B. warning警告；C. relief安慰；D. confusion困惑。根据后文“While you are busy learning English, you should perhaps spend an equal amount of time stepping up your Chinese knowledge as well.”可知，在你忙着学习英语的同时，你也应该花同样多的时间来提高你的中文知识，可见西方学习汉语的趋势不仅应该让你感到自豪，也应该成为一个“警告”。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为新兴一代的一部分，你有机会——也有责任——去发现文化的影响是双向的。A. ensure确保；B. promise承诺；C. detect查明，发现；D. conclude下结论。根据后文“that cultural influence will go in both directions”可知新兴一代有机会——也有责任——去发现文化的影响是双向的。故选C。
Section B (22%)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
I passed one of my US colleagues and gave her a friendly greeting. Her reply was anything but friendly.
“What "
“Er. You all right ", I tried again.
She looked at me blankly. Then suddenly the cloud seemed to lift from her mind.
"Oh", she said, "You mean, how am I doing " I thought you meant I had something on my face!”
As a British person coming to Beijing, I knew there would be cultural and language barriers between Chinese people and myself.
What I wasn't expecting were the cultural and language barriers between other English-speaking foreigners and myself.
Before the 2012 London Olympic Games, the Daily Mail newspaper published a guide to British English for Americans. Some of their examples were: Those are 'chips that go with your burger, instead of fries. You'd like some potato chips Those are crisps. And: The best way to travel around the city during the Olympics will be by the underground, the rail network commonly known as the tube. It is not the subway ---that is a pedestrian(行人的) underpass.”
Any conversation I have with an American is proof of why a guide like this is necessary. British people usually know the American versions of words from TV or films (sorry-movies), but Americans never seem to have enough knowledge about British English.
The trouble is, it's not just Americans. When I speak English to non-English speakers I never know whether they have learned British or American English. When they say “chips”, for example, do they mean “French fries” or “potato chips”
I can't help thinking back to the Daily Mail article: When you talk about pant in Britain， that means underwear. Trousers is the more appropriate term.
However, even though British English may have come first, around the world, the American way of spelling is getting more popular
Last month a survey released by US social media platform Steemit showed that English publications now largely use the American spelling, swapping words like “centre” for “center”. So it comes as no surprise that everyone I know just says “pants”.
40. The author mentioned her conversation with an American co-worker at the beginning to ________.
A. show how she gets along with American colleagues in the office
B. explain how to clear up misunderstandings between colleagues
C. introduce the differences between British and American English
D. describe what her life looked like after she came to Beijing
41. The underlined sentence "the cloud seemed to lift from her mind" means________.
A. she became confident of herself
B. she was not sure what to do next
C. she felt excited for what she heard
D. she came to understand the situation
42. Which of the following is most probably the author's idea
A. British people don't care much about American English
B. Non-English speakers can't tell British English from American English
C. Non-native speakers seem to prefer American English to British English
D. A knowledge of differences between American and British English is very important in communication
43. The author is__________ language differences
A. pleased at B. troubled by C. careless about D. fascinated with
【答案】40. C 41. D 42. C 43. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以自己作为一个英国人去北京所遇到的语言差异的亲身经历为背景展开议论, 整篇文章体现出无处不在的文化差异。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段“What I wasn’t expecting were the cultural and language barriers between other English-speaking foreigners and myself.（我没想到的是其他说英语的外国人和我之间存在文化和语言障碍。）”可知，作者一开始提到她和一位美国同事的谈话，可以推测出作者是想介绍英国英语和美国英语的区别。故选 C。
【41题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前文“She looked at me blankly.（ 她茫然地看着我）”，后文“I thought you meant l had something on my face.(我以为你是说我脸上有东西)”可知，可以看出同事开始有些不明白，想了下后才恍然大悟，并接下来向我求证，故选D。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“around the world, the American way of spelling is getting more popular（在全世界范围内，美式拼写越来越受欢迎了）”，最后一段“English publications now largely use the American spelling（英文的出版物现在大多都是用的是美式拼写）可知，美式拼写大受欢迎，因此英语非母语的人更喜欢美式英语。故选C。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第五段“Any conversation I have with an American is proof of why a guide like this is necessary.（我和美国人的任何谈话都能证明为什么有这样的说明是有必要的）”，倒数第四段“The trouble is, it's not just Americans.（问题在于，不仅是与美国人之间）”，可知，无处不在的语言差异让作者深感烦扰，故选B。
(B)
Is there a need to rebuild the Old Summer Palace In reply to such a proposal from a national lawmaker, the National Cultural Heritage Administration said there was no such need.
The Summer palace on the outskirts of China’s capital is a tranquil park with canals, bridges, pagodas, ginkgo tone ruins, and a few traditional buildings. Despite still covering a large area, the site today represents only a shadow of what stood before.The ruins have long been a potent symbol of China's"humiliation"at the hands of foreign powers.
In 1860, British and French troops looted and burned the Summer Palace in response to the killings of 20 European emissaries during the Second Opium War: Forty years later, it was further damaged by a coalition of foreign nations. Historian Bernard Brizay described these acts of cultural destruction as equivalent to invaders blowing up the Palace of Versaille (凡尔赛宫), looting thousands' of priceless artworks from the Louvre((卢浮宫), and burning France's national library to the ground。
Since rebuilding the Old Summer Palace was first proposed in 1980, there has been an ongoing public debate about whether its ruins should be left to stand as a permanent reminder of China's dark history. The state-run newspaper Guangming Daily called the remains of the Summer Palace "the most realistic teaching materials" for instilling a patriotic education. "Though humiliating, they cause people to think, "an author wrote. “They use a cruei reality to tell all Chinese people: Those who fall behind are struck down, while the strong rise and prosper.”
Those in the rebuild camp want to recapture old glory, but they don't understand the importance of cultural relics. A ruin like Yuan Ming Yuan is a historical record. In this case the history includes its destruction by fire. If you rebuild, you erase the record.
44. What does the underlined word"shadow"mean in paragraph 2
A. The dark shape that the palace made on the ground
B. The strong and bad influence of the palace
C. The shame that the palace suffered from its history
D. The inseparable follower of the palace
45. Why are the Palace of Versailles and the Louvre mentioned in paragraph 3
A. To imply that they are also cultural heritage
B. To contrast Chinese palace with French palace
C. To report these palaces were destroyed severely
D. To indicate the damage to the Summer Palace was unbearable
46. Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage
A. The authorities have made specific comments on the lawmaker's proposal.
B. The European troops destroyed the palace in revenge for their loss of emissaries.
C. The palace is a living textbook as a negative example.
D. The disgrace of what the palace experienced shakes people' love for the country.
47. What is the author most likely to agree with
A. Rebuilding palace won't hide scars.
B. Reproducing the palace history is humiliating.
C. Bringing back the palace's glory can be expected.
D. Whether the palace should be rebuilt remains to be seen.
【答案】44. C 45. D 46. D 47. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要关于是否有必要重建圆明园进行了论述。
【44题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“The ruins have long been a potent symbol of China's"humiliation"at the hands of foreign powers.”（ 这些废墟长期以来一直是中国在外国势力手中“屈辱”的有力象征。）以及第三段“In 1860, British and French troops looted and burned the Summer Palace in response to the killings of 20 European emissaries during the Second Opium War. Forty years later, it was further damaged by a coalition of foreign nations.”（ 1860年，英国和法国军队洗劫并烧毁了圆明园，以应对第二次鸦片战争期间20名欧洲使者被杀的事件。40年后，圆明园进一步遭到外国联盟的破坏。）可知，圆明园在过去被洗劫烧毁，并在40年后被进一步破坏，所以今天的遗址代表着过去蒙受的耻辱，推测划线词汇shadow在文中表示“圆明园在历史上蒙受的耻辱”。故选C项。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Historian Bernard Brizay described these acts of cultural destruction as equivalent to invaders blowing up the Palace of Versaille (凡尔赛宫), looting thousands' of priceless artworks from the Louvre((卢浮宫), and burning France's national library to the ground。”（历史学家Bernard Brizay将这些文化破坏行为描述为入侵者炸毁凡尔赛宫，从卢浮宫掠夺数千件价值连城的艺术品，并将法国国家图书馆夷为平地。）可知，历史学家将圆明园的破坏等同于炸毁凡尔赛宫，从卢浮宫掠夺艺术品，将法国国家图书馆夷为平地，认为破坏圆明园和这样的行为一样，都是不可容忍的。故选D项。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“T he state-run newspaper Guangming Daily called the remains of the Summer Palace "the most realistic teaching materials" for instilling a patriotic education. "Though humiliating, they cause people to think, "an author wrote.”（ 我国国营报纸《光明日报》称圆明园遗址是灌输爱国主义教育的“最现实的教材”。一位作家写道：“尽管它们让人感到羞辱，但却让人思考。”）可知，圆明园所经历的耻辱让人感到羞耻，但却引人思考，所以“圆明园的耻辱动摇了人们对于国家的热爱”这一选项是错误的。故选D项。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“A ruin like Yuan Ming Yuan is a historical record. In this case the history includes its destruction by fire. If you rebuild, you erase the record.”（ 像圆明园这样的废墟是一个历史记录。在这种情况下，它的历史包括其被火灾破坏。如果重建，你就删除了记录。）可知，作者认为废墟是一个历史记录，最可能同意重建这样的宫殿并不会隐藏伤疤。故选A项。
第Ⅱ卷(25%)
Read and complete the passage by using the proper form of the verbs / adjective given or fill in a proper conjunction/ preposition/ pronoun(10%)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Previously, cross-cultural marriage were not accepted. However, most people now get married out of love for one another, not because of one’s race. Cross-cultural marriages, therefore, ____48____ (become) increasingly popular among the younger generations.
____49____ (enter) into a relationship with someone from another country can have a lot of ups and downs. The differences between the two cultures come into play as the relationship ____50____(progress). Couples may have problems ____51____(get) used to each other’s living style. Even the ____52____(slight) difference, say, in the food they eat, can spark off an argument. The couples may have certain assumptions or expectations about ____53____ their partners are like, in terms of the ideas about a culture they many have before meeting their spouses. It is important for the couples to see their partners as who they are, not ____54____ (base)on some common understanding of a culture.
A web-based survey conducted by Divorcees Club found that many of its members had been in unhappy cross-cultural marriages: Loneliness, custom differences and adapting to a new lifestyle were quoted as the main reasons. The club provides a wide range of services____55____ members could better handle their problems.
Most studies conducted on interracial marriages conclude ____56____who are the same race tend to form a solid marriage. However, the results of some studies led to the opinion that factors like the age of marriage and educational qualifications had a greater bearing on the stability and longevity of such marriages ____57____ the racial identities of the individuals.
【答案】48. are becoming
49. Entering
50. progresses
51. getting
52. slightest
53. what 54. based
55. so that
56. those 57. than
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跨文化婚姻可能会面临的问题，以及解决的办法。
【48题详解】
考查时态。句意：因此，跨文化婚姻在年轻一代中变得越来越流行。结合语境，表示目前一段时间内正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时，主语marriages为复数。故填are becoming。
【49题详解】
考查动名词。句意：和另一个国家的人交往会有很多起起落落。分析可知，此处为句子主语，应用所给词的动名词形式。故填Entering。
【50题详解】
考查时态。句意：随着夫妻关系的发展，这两种文化之间的差异开始发挥作用。空处为as引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和上文come判断为一般现在时，主语the relationship为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填progresses。
【51题详解】
考查动名词。句意：夫妻可能在适应彼此的生活方式方面存在问题。根据短语have problems (in) doing sth.“做某事有问题”可知，此处应用所给词的动名词形式作宾语。故填getting。
【52题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意：甚至最细微的不同，例如饮食差异，也会引起争论。结合句意和定冠词the可知，此处应用slight的最高级修饰名词difference。故填slightest。
【53题详解】
考查连词。句意：夫妻可能会对他们的伴侣有某些假设或期望，比如他们在与配偶见面之前对文化的看法。分析可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【54题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：对夫妻来说，重要的是看到他们的伴侣是谁，而不是基于对某种文化的共同理解。固定短语be based on“以……为基础，基于……”，此处省略be，用过去分词作状语。故填based。
【55题详解】
考查连词。句意：俱乐部提供广泛的服务，使会员能够更好地处理他们的问题。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用so that引导目的状语从句。故填so that。
【56题详解】
考查代词。句意：大多数关于跨种族婚姻的研究得出的结论是，同种族的人往往会形成稳固的婚姻。分析可知，空处应填名词或代词作conclude后宾语从句的主语，同时为定语从句的先行词，结合定语从句谓语动词are和句意可知，代词those（那些人）符合题意。故填those。
【57题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，一些研究的结果表明，结婚年龄和教育资格等因素比个人的种族身份对这种婚姻的稳定性和寿命的影响更大。根据句子结构和greater可知，此处应填介词than，把“结婚年龄和教育资格等因素”和“种族身份”对跨种族婚姻的影响进行对比。故填than。
【点睛】
IL. Translation(15%)
58. 我们决意用闪耀的小灯装饰圣诞树。( determine) (汉译英）
【答案】We have determined to decorate the Christmas tree with tiny shining lights.
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。句子描述过去的动作对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时，“我们”应用人称代词主格形式we作主语，置于句首，首字母大写；“决意做某事”可以翻译为determine to do sth.，we作主语，谓语动词应用have determined；“用某物装饰某物”可以翻译为decorate sth. with sth.；“圣诞树”可以翻译为the Christmas tree；“闪耀的小灯”可以翻译为 tiny shining lights，其中light使用名词的复数形式表示泛指。故翻译为We have determined to decorate the Christmas tree with tiny shining lights.
59. 自疫情爆发以来,跨地区旅行中的感染风险呈上升趋势。(rise(n)) (汉译英）
【答案】Since the epidemic broke out, the risk of infection during cross-regional travel has risen.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。“自从”可以翻译为“since”，置于句首，首字母大写，引导时间状语从句，从句使用一般过去时，主句使用现在完成时；“疫情”可以翻译为the epidemic，作从句主语；“爆发”可以翻译为break out，使用一般过去时，即broke out；“感染风险”可以翻译为the risk of infection，作主句主语；“在跨地区的旅行中”可以翻译为 during cross-regional travel；“上升”可以翻译为rise；其中risk为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，即has risen。故翻译为Since the epidemic broke out, the risk of infection during cross-regional travel has risen.
60. 虽然成人礼的习俗因文化的不同而有差异,但都象征从童年向成年的转变(vary) (汉译英）
【答案】Although the customs of the rite of passage into adulthood vary from culture to culture,they represent the transition from childhood to adulthood.
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。表达：虽然.....但......。英语用Although；表达：成人礼的习俗，英语用the customs of the rite of passage into adulthood ；表达：因文化不同而有差异，英语用vary from culture to culture；表达：象征从童年向成年的转变，英语用represent the transition from childhood to adulthood；本句陈述一种事实，要用一般现在时。故整句翻译为：Although the customs of the rite of passage into adulthood vary from culture to culture, they represent the transition from childhood to adulthood.
61. 很快你就将18岁,这是一个该学会克服恐惧、肩负起责任、为自己制订规划的时候。( before) (汉译英）
【答案】It won’t be long before you turn 18,and it is a time to learn to overcome fears,take responsibility and plan for yourself.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和动词时态。主句使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时，此处为并列句，需用and连接；表示“过了多久才”应用固定句型it won't be long before...；表示“你就将18岁”应用you turn 18；表示“是……的时候”应用it is a time to...；表示“克服恐惧”应用overcome fears；表示“肩负起责任”应用take responsibility；表示“为自己制定计划”应用plan for yourself，位于动词不定式符号to后面，overcome、take、plan使用动词原形。故翻译为It won’t be long before you turn 18,and it is a time to learn to overcome fears,take responsibility and plan for yourself.2021青浦高级中学高一年级上12月月考试卷
Grammar and Vocabulary 24%
Section A(14%)
Directions: Choose the best answer
1. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it________.
A. is painted B. was painted C. was painting D. was being painted
2. It was never clear ________ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.
A. that B. how C. when D. why
3. （2013江西高考）_________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. Whoever B. Whatever
C. Whichever D. Wherever
4. Samuel survived when the car ________ he was a passenger in turned off the road and hit a tree.
A. where B. that
C. as D. why
5. I heard many different accents in the room, but none__________ I could identify as British.
A. of which B. of them C. which D. whose
6. They felt such heat in the jungle ________ they had never felt before.
A. which B. that C. as D. what
7. The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed.
A. when B. that
C. whether D. how
8. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ______ others actually understand.
A why B. that C. which D. what
9. --Did your brother come back early last night
--Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock ________ he arrived home
A. when B. before C. that D. until
10. ________you want me to fire you, I suggest you stop wearing sports clothes at office.
A. If B. Since C. Unless D. Until
11. She remembered it________ it were yesterday and knew it would haunt her forever.
A. as though B. even though C. as soon as D. the moment
12. We all seemed unwilling to say what was on our minds, ________ it might arouse suspicion.
A. which B. in order that C. so that D. for fear that
13. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ______.
A he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
14. —Have you finished the book
—No，I’ve read up to____ the children discover the secret cave.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
Section B (10%o)
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A.fascination B.luxury C.adventurers D. snow-capped E.significantly F.accessibleG. hopefully H. vast I.draw J.tempted K.accommodate
Few countries have such a diverse and appealing“ Outdoors” as the USA. The landscape is ____15____ varied and spectacular. In the west there are Rocky Mountains with their ____16____ peaks, and in the east the forest-covered Appalachians, whose highest
summit is nearly 7000 feet. There is also an abundance of waterfalls, rivers, lakes that are small and intimate or ____17____ like the Great Lakes. In winter and spring, tourists are ____18____ by the clear skies and breathtaking multi-colored rocks of Arizona,Colorado and New Mexico.
Everything worth seeing in the USA is ____19____ to picnickers and vacationers by highways and unpaved secondary roads, which ____20____ people to places from where where they can push off onto the wilderness. Once in the wilderness,the chief worry will be, not how to avoid other hikers, but how not to get lost!
Many Americans, young and old, prefer camping in vehicles called"campers”. There exist many different kinds from the extremely extravagant to the cheap convertible pick-up truck. There are monster campers with every imaginable ____21____, from deep freezers and microwave ovens, to plush carpets and color television sets.They can ____22____ four people comfortably.
Horseback riding also holds a ____23____ for many but it's a more expensive sport.There are ranches in Texas and other border states where you can stay and live the life of a cowboy or cowgirl. Other great outdoor pastimes for ____24____ can be skiing in the Rockies and hunting in Alaska, surfing, waterskiing in Florida.
Ill. Reading comprehension 37%
Section A(15%)
It is natural to find aspects of other cultures not only interesting but also attractive. Often the first image we see from another culture____25____ the longest in our minds. If you ask me what “Chinese culture” is, I would perhaps mention The Art of War or the Tao Te Ching, old classics I ____26____ by a Sinophile friend when I was a teenager. We considered them insightful and cool.
There is no better way, however, to help anyone really understand contemporary China than to learn its____27____. Therefore, I was ____28____ when the British government adopted a target that 5,000 students should be studying Mandarin(普通话) eight hours a week by 2020. Yet this is just part of a pan-Western ____29____! In the United States, the president has ____30____a similar movement to prepare young students to deal with China in future jobs.
The ____31____ behind such decisions include China’s economic development and growing importance in the world. As George Osborne, a member of the British Parliament put it, learning Mandarin will help young people succeed in an increasingly ____32____ economy. Mandarin is more “ ____33____ ”to their later careers than other languages.
I first met many Chinese and visited China during my university years. Since then I’ve been trying to learn Mandarin. ____34____, studying the language by myself with books and CDs turns out to be quite tough. Devotion and regularly talking with native speakers really ____35____.
Meanwhile. I have found that many fresh graduates from China are not knowledgeable enough about Chinese and are not able to ____36____ original ideas to the West. This may explain why the most famous Chinese books in the West are still classics like those I mentioned. ____37____, the Western trend for learning Mandarin should not only fill you with pride but come as a“ ____38____” too. While you are busy learning English, you should perhaps spend an equal amount of time stepping up your Chinese knowledge as well. As part of the rising generation, you have the chance---and the responsibility--to ____39____ that cultural influence will go in both directions.
25. A. waits B. maintains C. lasts D. appears
26. A. was devoted to B. was introduced to C. was interested in D. was filled with
27. A. culture B. economy C. language D. industry
28. A. impressed B. confused C. satisfied D. stressed-out
29. A. signal B. custom C. pleasure D. trend
30. A. doubted B. supported C. ignored D. assisted
31. A. problems B. results C. reasons D. solutions
32 A. weakening B. tight C. steady D. competitive
33. A. relevant B. available C. close D. familiar
34. A. Undoubtedly B. Generally C. Obviously D. Unfortunately
35. A. suffers B. guarantees C. works D. applies
36. A. express B. expose C. cover D. communicate
37. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
38. A. sorrow B. warning C. relief D. confusion
39. A. ensure B. promise C. detect D. conclude
Section B (22%)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
I passed one of my US colleagues and gave her a friendly greeting. Her reply was anything but friendly.
“What "
“Er. You all right ", I tried again.
She looked at me blankly. Then suddenly the cloud seemed to lift from her mind.
"Oh", she said, "You mean, how am I doing " I thought you meant I had something on my face!”
As a British person coming to Beijing, I knew there would be cultural and language barriers between Chinese people and myself.
What I wasn't expecting were the cultural and language barriers between other English-speaking foreigners and myself.
Before the 2012 London Olympic Games, the Daily Mail newspaper published a guide to British English for Americans. Some of their examples were: Those are 'chips that go with your burger, instead of fries. You'd like some potato chips Those are crisps. And: The best way to travel around the city during the Olympics will be by the underground, the rail network commonly known as the tube. It is not the subway ---that is a pedestrian(行人的) underpass.”
Any conversation I have with an American is proof of why a guide like this is necessary. British people usually know the American versions of words from TV or films (sorry-movies), but Americans never seem to have enough knowledge about British English.
The trouble is, it's not just Americans. When I speak English to non-English speakers I never know whether they have learned British or American English. When they say “chips”, for example, do they mean “French fries” or “potato chips”
I can't help thinking back to the Daily Mail article: When you talk about pant in Britain， that means underwear. Trousers is the more appropriate term.
However, even though British English may have come first, around the world, the American way of spelling is getting more popular
Last month a survey released by US social media platform Steemit showed that English publications now largely use the American spelling, swapping words like “centre” for “center”. So it comes as no surprise that everyone I know just says “pants”.
40. The author mentioned her conversation with an American co-worker at the beginning to ________.
A. show how she gets along with American colleagues in the office
B. explain how to clear up misunderstandings between colleagues
C. introduce the differences between British and American English
D. describe what her life looked like after she came to Beijing
41 The underlined sentence "the cloud seemed to lift from her mind" means________.
A. she became confident of herself
B. she was not sure what to do next
C. she felt excited for what she heard
D. she came to understand the situation
42. Which of the following is most probably the author's idea
A. British people don't care much about American English
B. Non-English speakers can't tell British English from American English
C. Non-native speakers seem to prefer American English to British English
D. A knowledge of differences between American and British English is very important in communication
43. The author is__________ language differences
A. pleased at B. troubled by C. careless about D. fascinated with
(B)
Is there a need to rebuild the Old Summer Palace In reply to such a proposal from a national lawmaker, the National Cultural Heritage Administration said there was no such need.
The Summer palace on the outskirts of China’s capital is a tranquil park with canals, bridges, pagodas, ginkgo tone ruins, and a few traditional buildings. Despite still covering a large area, the site today represents only a shadow of what stood before.The ruins have long been a potent symbol of China's"humiliation"at the hands of foreign powers.
In 1860, British and French troops looted and burned the Summer Palace in response to the killings of 20 European emissaries during the Second Opium War: Forty years later, it was further damaged by a coalition of foreign nations. Historian Bernard Brizay described these acts of cultural destruction as equivalent to invaders blowing up the Palace of Versaille (凡尔赛宫), looting thousands' of priceless artworks from the Louvre((卢浮宫), and burning France's national library to the ground。
Since rebuilding the Old Summer Palace was first proposed in 1980, there has been an ongoing public debate about whether its ruins should be left to stand as a permanent reminder of China's dark history. The state-run newspaper Guangming Daily called the remains of the Summer Palace "the most realistic teaching materials" for instilling a patriotic education. "Though humiliating, they cause people to think, "an author wrote. “They use a cruei reality to tell all Chinese people: Those who fall behind are struck down, while the strong rise and prosper.”
Those in the rebuild camp want to recapture old glory, but they don't understand the importance of cultural relics. A ruin like Yuan Ming Yuan is a historical record. In this case the history includes its destruction by fire. If you rebuild, you erase the record.
44. What does the underlined word"shadow"mean in paragraph 2
A. The dark shape that the palace made on the ground
B. The strong and bad influence of the palace
C. The shame that the palace suffered from its history
D. The inseparable follower of the palace
45. Why are the Palace of Versailles and the Louvre mentioned in paragraph 3
A. To imply that they are also cultural heritage
B. To contrast Chinese palace with French palace
C. To report these palaces were destroyed severely
D. To indicate the damage to the Summer Palace was unbearable
46. Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage
A. The authorities have made specific comments on the lawmaker's proposal.
B. The European troops destroyed the palace in revenge for their loss of emissaries.
C. The palace is a living textbook as a negative example.
D. The disgrace of what the palace experienced shakes people' love for the country.
47. What is the author most likely to agree with
A. Rebuilding palace won't hide scars.
B. Reproducing the palace history is humiliating.
C. Bringing back the palace's glory can be expected.
D. Whether the palace should be rebuilt remains to be seen.
第Ⅱ卷(25%)
Read and complete the passage by using the proper form of the verbs / adjective given or fill in a proper conjunction/ preposition/ pronoun(10%)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Previously, cross-cultural marriage were not accepted. However, most people now get married out of love for one another, not because of one’s race. Cross-cultural marriages, therefore, ____48____ (become) increasingly popular among the younger generations.
____49____ (enter) into a relationship with someone from another country can have a lot of ups and downs. The differences between the two cultures come into play as the relationship ____50____(progress). Couples may have problems ____51____(get) used to each other’s living style. Even the ____52____(slight) difference, say, in the food they eat, can spark off an argument. The couples may have certain assumptions or expectations about ____53____ their partners are like, in terms of the ideas about a culture they many have before meeting their spouses. It is important for the couples to see their partners as who they are, not ____54____ (base)on some common understanding of a culture.
A web-based survey conducted by Divorcees Club found that many of its members had been in unhappy cross-cultural marriages: Loneliness, custom differences and adapting to a new lifestyle were quoted as the main reasons. The club provides a wide range of services____55____ members could better handle their problems.
Most studies conducted on interracial marriages conclude ____56____who are the same race tend to form a solid marriage. However, the results of some studies led to the opinion that factors like the age of marriage and educational qualifications had a greater bearing on the stability and longevity of such marriages ____57____ the racial identities of the individuals.
IL. Translation(15%)
58. 我们决意用闪耀的小灯装饰圣诞树。( determine) (汉译英）
59. 自疫情爆发以来,跨地区旅行中的感染风险呈上升趋势。(rise(n)) (汉译英）
60. 虽然成人礼的习俗因文化的不同而有差异,但都象征从童年向成年的转变(vary) (汉译英）
61. 很快你就将18岁,这是一个该学会克服恐惧、肩负起责任、为自己制订规划的时候。( before) (汉译英）
