2020-2021学年北京市昌平区高二上学期期末质量抽测英语试题
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分、知识运用(共三节，40分)
第一节: 语法填空(共10小题:每小题1.5分，共15分)
(1)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rowan Chaplin had a very ____1____ (success) academic career. At the age of 13, he was awarded a scholarship to a boarding school. Later, he ____2____ (study) at Newcastle University where he attained the highest marks in his year. At Oxford, he obtained his master's degree in electrical engineering. This may explain____3____ he loves fast cars, of which he has many.
【答案】1. successful
2. studied 3. why
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Rowan Chaplin成功的学术成就。
【1题详解】
考查形容词。句意：Rowan Chaplin的学术生涯非常成功。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词career，success的形容词为successful“成功的”。故填successful。
【2题详解】
考查时态。句意：后来，他在纽卡斯尔大学学习，在那里他取得了他那一年的最高分。本文介绍的是Rowan Chaplin求学经历，再结合空后定语从句的谓语动词attained可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填studied。
【3题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这也许可以解释他为什么喜欢跑车，他有很多跑车。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导宾语从句，此处是对前一句的解释，表示原因，且在空后句子中作原因状语，所以空处需用连接词why引导宾语从句。故填why。
(2)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding. To start with, we need questions. Then, ____4____ (find) answers, we observe the world around us and study the facts. After that, we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. Although today we are more used to ____5____ (type) a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to give ____6____ (we) an answer, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world's problems with this type of analysis-luckily for us.
【答案】4. to find
5. typing 6. us
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们如何获取知识和理解。
【4题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：然后，为了找到答案，我们观察周围的世界，研究事实。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词observe，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，此处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
【5题详解】
考查动名词。句意：虽然今天我们更习惯于在搜索引擎中输入几个关键字，然后等待互联网给我们一个答案，但现代科学家和思想家仍在用这种分析方法解决世界上的问题——幸运的是，我们。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，固定搭配，此处to是介词，其后需接动名词作宾语。故填typing。
【6题详解】
考查代词。句意：同上。动词give后需接人称代词宾格作宾语。故填us。
(3)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I'm not the only person ____7____ feels lonely. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it ____8____ (easy) to make friends online than it is "in real life". I'm way beyond a shy person, but I'm wired up every day. On the surface, I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but always I ____9____ (distract). They say that phones bring people closer together but in reality, my mind is always a million ____10____ (mile) away.
【答案】7. who##that
8. easier 9. am distracted
10 miles
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直在和网上的朋友们交往却也从未感到如此孤独。
【7题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我不是唯一感到孤独的人。句中先行词为person，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
【8题详解】
考查比较级。句意：调查显示，超过三分之二的年轻人认为在网上交友比“在现实生活中”更容易。根据介词than可知，用形容词的比较级形式。故填easier。
【9题详解】
考查时态。句意：我参加聚会和运动，但我总是心烦意乱。句中用形容词形式作表语。根据文章时态可知，用一般现在时。故填am distracted。
【10题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：他们说手机拉近了人与人之间的距离，但实际上，我的思想总是远在千里之外。名词mile为可数名词，根据数词a million可知，用名词的复数形式。故填miles。
第二节:选词填空(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据上下文，从方框中所给的A、B、C、D、E、F六个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 (其中有一个多余的选项)。
A. lack confidence in B.check through C. be responsible forD.pick up E. give away F. be famous for
11. Well, I’m sorry I have to finish this article, but I’ve got to ________ my daughter from school at 4 pm.
12. Whenever Jason had two thousand dollars, he would________ small bank notes to homeless people in the street.
13. I know I am not a willing student, but I’m not slow to learn new things. The problem is that I may________ myself.
14. During the final round, as a judge, you would________ listening to all the speeches, noting down any positive or negative aspects for each one.
15. As soon as I open my eyes in the morning, I________ all my social networking apps, read my emails and answer text messages.
【答案】11. D 12. E 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
【11题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：嗯，很抱歉我必须完成这篇文章，但我必须在下午4点接我女儿放学。根据“my daughter from school at 4 pm.”可知，pick up“接（某人）”符合题意，have got to to sth.“不得不做某事”中的to为不定式符号，其后用动词原形。故选D。
【12题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：每当杰森有两千美元的时候，他都会给街上无家可归的人赠送小钞。情态动词would后接动词原形，根据“small bank notes to homeless people in the street.”可知，此处是指给无家可归的人赠送小钞，give away“赠送”符合题意。故选E。
【13题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我知道我不是一个乐于学习的学生，但我学习新事物并不慢。问题是我可能对自己缺乏信心。情态动词may后接动词原形，结合上下文语境可知，此处是指“我”可能缺乏自信导致学习情绪不高，lack confidence in“对……缺乏信心”符合题意。故选A。
【14题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：在最后一轮中，作为一名评审，你将负责听所有的演讲，记下每一个演讲的积极或消极方面。情态动词would后接动词原形，根据“as a judge”和“listening to all the speeches, noting down any positive or negative aspects for each one.”可知，评审的职责是负责听所有的演讲，记下每一个演讲的积极或消极方面。be responsible for“负责”符合题意。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：早上一睁开眼睛，我就浏览我所有的社交网络应用程序，阅读电子邮件，回复短信。空处主句谓语动词，且为经常或习惯性的动作，主语为I，谓语动词用原形；根据“all my social networking apps, read my emails and answer text messages.”可知，此处是指浏览所有的社交网络和应用程序等，check through “核查，浏览”符合题意。故选B。
【点睛】
第三节: 完形填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Recently I had dinner at a "dark restaurant", where people eat in complete darkness, served by blind staff. I wanted to____16____ what being blind was like, and I thought ____17____ would be the most difficult activity.
It was a difficult meal. ____18____ we couldn't see where anything was, my friend and I knocked over glasses and dropped food. My senses of taste and smell became more sensitive, and I ate much more slowly, trying to____19____ what I was eating. Pouring water was very difficult, plus I kept drinking from my friend's glass.
After____20____ to pick up any food with a fork for five minutes, I decided to use my hands. I____21____ down, expecting rice and vegetables, but instead stuck my ____22____ into a bowl of warm. thick soup. "It's best to use a spoon for this course," the waiter said into my ear, ____23____ but much too late. Even using a spoon, most of the soup ended up on my shirt. I felt ____24____ even though no one could see me.
Our waiter advised us to lift the plates and bowls close to our faces. However, I still left the restaurant feeling hungry, though I was much more aware of the ____25____ that blind people face.
16. A. observe B. hear C. experience D. remember
17. A. drinking B. eating C. meeting D. cooking
18. A. Because B. Although C. Once D. While
19. A. forget B. buy C. introduce D. guess
20. A. failing B. offering C. pretending D. promising
21. A. calmed B. reached C. sat D. looked
22. A. fork B. spoon C. hand D. tongue
23. A. hopefully B. helpfully C. successfully D. peacefully
24. A. annoyed B. disappointed C. confused D. embarrassed
25. A. risks B. results C. challenges D. choices
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了我在一家“黑暗餐厅”体验盲人生活的经历。
【详解】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想体验盲人的生活，我觉得吃东西是最困难的活动。A.observe观察；B.hear听到；C.experience体验；D.remember记得。根据下文“what being blind was like”，可知此处指我想体验盲人的生活。故选C。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.drinking喝；B.eating吃；C.meeting会面；D.cooking烹饪。结合前文“Recently I had dinner at a "dark restaurant", where people eat in complete darkness”可知，此处指我认为吃东西是最困难的事情。故选B。
3.考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为我们什么都看不见，我和朋友打翻了杯子，掉了食物。A.Because因为；B.Although尽管；C.Once一旦；D.While在……期间。根据下文“we couldn't see where anything was, my friend and I knocked over glasses and dropped food ”可知，看不到东西在哪里，所以我和朋友就打翻了杯子，掉了食物。因此此处表示原因。故选A。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的味觉和嗅觉变得更加敏感，我吃得更慢，试图猜出我吃的是什么。A.forget忘记；B.buy买；C.introduce 介绍；D.guess猜。结合前文“we couldn't see where anything was”，所以此处指对于我吃的东西我只能猜是什么。故选D。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在用叉子五分钟没有拿起食物之后，我决定用我的手。A.failing失败；B.offering 提供；C.pretending假装；D.promising答应。根据下文“ I decided to use my hands”可知，我用叉子没有拿起任何食物，所以用叉子拿食物是失败的。故选A。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我平静下来，期待（用手抓到）米饭和蔬菜，但是却把我的手伸进了一碗热的浓汤里。A.calmed镇静；B.reached到达；C.sat坐下；D.looked看。calm down“冷静，镇静”，结合前文可知，我用叉子没有拿到任何食物。所以此处指当我决定用手拿时，我是冷静的。故选A。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.fork叉子；B.spoon勺子；C.hand手；D.tongue舌头。结合前文“I decided to use my hands”，所以此处应该是我的手被一碗浓汤粘着了。故选C。
8.考查副词词义辨析。句意：“这道菜最好用勺子吃,”侍者对着我的耳朵说。虽然很有帮助，但已经太晚了。A.hopefully有希望地；B.helpfully有用地；C.successfully成功地；D.peacefully平静地。根据句中“It's best to use a spoon for this course”及“but much too late”可知，使用勺子可以帮助我喝到汤，但我的手此时已粘在汤里了，所以已经太晚了。故选B。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然没人看到我，我还是觉得很尴尬。A.annoyed生气的；B.disappointed失望的；C.confused 困惑的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据前文“Even using a spoon, most of the soup ended up on my shirt.”可知，我用勺子喝汤弄脏了我的衬衣，这使我很尴尬。故选D。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我离开餐厅时还是觉得饿，尽管我更加意识到盲人面临的挑战。A.risks 危险；B.results结果；C.challenges挑战；D.choices选择。结合前文内容，同时根据下文“that blind people face”可知，此处指盲人所面对的挑战。故选C。
第二部分、阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Memory likes to play tricks on us, taking us to places we once loved, but haven’t seen in years. It was early morning, raining and cold. Something woke me. Two little feet running down the stairs. It was my 7-year-old grandson Henry on his way to the kitchen for breakfast.
I suddenly thought about cookies. The perfections my grandmother baked in her wood stove(火炉). They were light as air and sweet as a baby’s smile. We’d cover them in butter and top them with jam that we made with blackberries I picked myself. I loved it. I especially loved those cookies. I wish I knew how she made them.
I learned a lot from my grandmother. How to read. How to sit in a chair at the end of a day and just be satisfied. But I never learned how to make cookies her way. I’ve made them according to various recipes(食谱), with varying success. They’re not bad, but not half as good as hers were. Henry would eat them up. He wasn’t crazy about the cookies, but loved butter and jam.
I rolled out of bed and went downstairs to hug him and bake some cookies.
They weren’t great cookies. But they were good enough. I covered them in butter and jam. Henry ate two and kept eyeing mine until I gave him half. Maybe someday he’ll say they were the best cookies ever.
The memories we leave with our children and grandchildren and all our loved ones --like the cookies we bake and the stories that will be told about us long after we are gone-are never made with perfection. They’re just made with love. Love makes everything better, even without butter and jam.
26. When woken up in the morning, the author remembered________.
A. the cookies B. the stories C. the recipes D. the tricks
27. Henry loved the cookies mainly because they were________.
A. well baked B. light and sweet C. made by himself D. with butter and jam
28. According to the author, the best cookies in the world are with________.
A. love B. success C. memory D. perfection
【答案】26. A 27. D 28. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者看到孙子吃饼干想起了自己祖母制作的美味饼干，突然明白了饼干的美味是因为它是用爱制成。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“I suddenly thought about cookies.”可知，作者醒来后想到了饼干。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Henry would eat them up. He wasn’t crazy about the cookies, but loved butter and jam.（亨利会把它们吃掉。他不喜欢饼干，但喜欢黄油和果酱）”可知，亨利喜欢饼干是因为它们上面有黄油和果酱。故选D。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“They’re just made with love. Love makes everything better, even without butter and jam.（它们是用爱做的。爱让一切变得更好，即使没有黄油和果酱）”推知，作者认为世界上最好的饼干是用爱制成的。故选A。
【点睛】
B
Being a sports journalist with a successful career, Mitch Albom feels that there is something missing from his life. This all changes when he met his favorite college professor, Morrie Schwartz. On discovering that Morrie is being weakened by a serious illness, Mitch starts visiting him at his house on Tuesdays. The weekly conversations between them result in a book named Tuesdays WITH MORRIE. The followings are comments from two readers.
Amy Wang
I think this book should be on all school reading lists. After finishing it, I feel I have been given a deeper understanding into the world and can see things from a different point of view. While we are living, we tend to be troubled by unimportant things, such as gathering material possessions. I think it’s important for young people to know that making a lot of money won’t always make them happy, or that looking different doesn’t make a person abnormal! It’s up to us to find out what is important in our lives and build up our own values.
Morrie says that most people “seem half-asleep”, even when they’re doing things that they think are important. Reading this book made me feel as if I’d been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world!
Marty
Although it is popular my first impression was that Tuesdays with Morrie is just made up of a collection of over-emotional thoughts and messages, many of which are repeated and boring. But thinking back, it did help me think about my life again. The book made me stop and think about how much I am influenced by popular culture and the importance of creating my own values based on love and open communication. Although it isn’t my favorite book, I’d still recommend that people read it. After all, it is something that’s a bit different!
29. The book probably helps Amy Wang_______.
A. think about popular culture B. gather material possessions
C. observe things from one point D. understand deeply into the world
30. The main reason why Marty likes the book is that it_______.
A. is popular with people B. has emotional thoughts
C. contains repeated messages D. makes Marty rethink about life.
31. The main purpose of the passage is to_______.
A. tell life stories B. recommend a book
C. introduce two readers D. share personal experience
【答案】29. D 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是两位读者对《与莫里在一起的周二》这本书的评价。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“After finishing it, I feel I have been given a deeper understanding into the world and can see things from a different point of view. （读完它后，我觉得自己对世界有了更深的理解，可以从不同的角度看待事物）”可知，这本书帮助Amy Wang对世界有了更深的理解。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But thinking back, it did help me think about my life again.（但现在回想起来，它确实帮助我重新思考我的生活）”可知， Marty喜欢这本书的主要原因是它让 Marty重新思考生活。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。文章是关于两个读者对《与莫里在一起的周二》这本书的评价。根据第三段的“Reading this book made me feel as if I’d been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world!（读这本书让我觉得好像从漫长的睡眠中醒来，终于睁开了我的眼睛看世界!）”和最后一段的“Although it isn’t my favorite book, I’d still recommend that people read it. After all, it is something that’s a bit different!（虽然这不是我最喜欢的书，但我还是建议大家读一下。毕竟，它有些与众不同！）”可知，两位读者都表示这本书对他们来说有好处。由此推知，本文的主要目的是给人们推荐这本书。故选B。
【点睛】
C
Some scientists have found that the long-term use of chemical pesticides (杀虫剂)and fertilizers(化肥)can harm both the land and people’s health.
Pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful insects, but also helpful ones. In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who eat them. As for fertilizers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition(营养). They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than necessary minerals, which makes them less tasty.
Therefore, some farmers have turned to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertilize. This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. It can help to put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next crops. Organic farmers also plant different crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. For example, peanuts grow on the ground’s surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots.
Nevertheless, organic farming is far from meeting the high demand for food around the world. It still has a long way to go to provide enough food while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
32. From paragraph 2, we learn that fertilizers can________.
A. help kill insects B. affect crops’ taste
C. stay in soil for long D. make crops nutritious
33. According to the passage, organic farming is preferred mainly because it________.
A. needs less care B. saves more water
C. uses less chemicals D. adopts natural methods
34. The author explains how organic farmers keep soil rich mainly by________.
A. listing numbers B. providing reasons
C. giving examples D. making comparisons
35. Which of the followings may the author agree with about organic farming
A It will replace chemical farming. B. It will increase production of crops.
C. It can meet people’s needs for food. D. It needs more efforts to be developed.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。杀虫剂和化肥的大量使用促使了有机农业的出现。文章主要介绍了有机农业如何让土壤保持肥沃，以及它的前景。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“As for fertilizers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition(营养). They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than necessary minerals, which makes them less tasty.（至于肥料，用它们种植的作物通常生长得太快，营养不丰富。它们外表看起来可能很漂亮，但里面的水通常比必需的矿物质多，这使得它们味道不太好）”可知，肥料会让作物含水量过多，味道不好。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means.（有机农业就是不使用任何化学物质的简单农业。有机农场主注重通过自然手段保持土壤肥沃和无疾病） ”可知，有机农业更受欢迎主要是因为使用自然的方法。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertilize. This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.（例如，许多有机农场主使用动物的自然废弃物作为肥料。这使得他们田地里的土壤富含矿物质。它还能保持空气、土壤、水和农作物不含化学物质） ”和第四段的“Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. （有机农场主还使用许多其他方法来生产肥沃的土壤。他们经常每年改变每一块地里种植的作物种类。例如，他们可能一年在田里种玉米或小麦，然后第二年在那里种豆类）”推知，作者主要通过举例的方法来解释有机农业的农民如何保持土壤肥沃。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It still has a long way to go to provide enough food while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.（在尽可能保持人类和环境健康的同时，提供足够的食物还有很长的路要走）”推知，作者认为有机农业需要更多的努力来发展。故选D。
【点睛】
D
We’ve been told since we were children that “It’s good to share”. Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys and books. When we grow up, we share photos, life stories and opinions with people around us and with those we don’t know via social media. Psychologists believe that the behavior of sharing is beneficial to setting up positive emotional connection.
Today, the action of sharing takes on extra meaning. It has spread to almost every aspect of our lives. We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services, or to make money out of those that we don’t use ourselves at all. These differ from car shares to home shares, and even to pet shares. The sharing economy is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them.
This popular ways of sharing is a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all delivered at the click of a button. Whether we’re a lender or a borrower, it’s a win-win situation. What’s more, sharing encourages us to reuse items, thereby cutting down on waste. And set-ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favor for the environment by reducing the number of polluting vehicles on the road.
But the sharing economy is not without its problems. The sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations and related laws are still on the way. Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market, often at the expense of more traditional companies. In addition, the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust. Some people have experienced damage to their properties while renting out their homes, and others have found themselves victims of theft or attack while sharing rides. Finally, personal data is not yet safe. Sharing platforms collect personal information about almost every part of our lives.
Nonetheless, there is no doubt that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy. it is growing at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will be like in the future.
36. Paragraph 2 and 3 are mainly about the ________ of sharing economy.
A. definition B. benefits C. technology D. development
37. The underlined word “regulations” in paragraph 4 probably means________.
A. rules B. ideas C. conditions D. ways
38. People may worry that sharing economy would________.
A. lead to unfairness among strangers
B. cause distrust to traditional companies
C. bring about safety problems to users
D. limit the awareness of self-protection
39. What’s the author’s attitude to the future of the sharing economy
A. Negative. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Unclear.
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了共享经济给我们生活方方面面带来的好处，虽然目前也存在一些问题，但它与我们和全球经济的相关性越来越大是毋庸置疑的。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Today, the action of sharing takes on extra meaning. It has spread to almost every aspect of our lives. We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services, or to make money out of those that we don’t use ourselves at all.（今天，分享的行为有了额外的意义。它已经蔓延到我们生活的几乎每一个方面。我们正在使用技术来减少我们在商品和服务上的花费，或者从那些我们根本不用自己的东西中赚钱）”和第三段的“This popular ways of sharing is a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all delivered at the click of a button. Whether we’re a lender or a borrower, it’s a win-win situation. （这种流行的分享方式是对我们不断增长的需求的回应，以有竞争力的价格提供高质量的商品和服务，所有这些都是在点击一个按钮。无论我们是贷款人还是借款人，这都是一个双赢的局面）”可知，这两段主要介绍了 “共享经济”在生活各个方面给我们带来的好处。故选B。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段的“But the sharing economy is not without its problems. The sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations and related laws are still on the way. （但共享经济并非没有问题。共享经济的发展速度超过了现有的regulations，相关法律仍在制定中） ”，结合句意尤其“related laws are still on the way”推测划线词意为“规定，法规”，与rules同义。故选A。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“In addition, the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust. Some people have experienced damage to their properties while renting out their homes, and others have found themselves victims of theft or attack while sharing rides. Finally, personal data is not yet safe. Sharing platforms collect personal information about almost every part of our lives.（此外，共享经济还存在滥用信任的问题。一些人在租房时遭遇财产损坏，而另一些人则发现自己在共享游乐设施时成为盗窃或袭击的受害者。最后，个人数据还不安全。共享平台收集我们生活中几乎每一部分的个人信息） ”推知，人们可能担心共享经济会给使用者带来安全问题。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nonetheless, there is no doubt that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy. it is growing at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will be like in the future.（然而，毫无疑问，共享经济与我们的日常生活以及全球经济的相关性越来越大。它的增长速度如此之快，以至于我们只能想象未来它会是什么样子）”推知，作者对共享经济的未来持积极态度，因为它的增长速度快且与我们的日常生活即全球经济的想关性越来越大。故选C。
【点睛】
第三部分、书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节:阅读表达(共4小题:第1.2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分)。
阅读下面短文，根据文章内容及题目要求回答问题。
An Apology Is Just a Step Toward Becoming a Better Person
No matter how hard we try, we can’t avoid hurting those we love. People are discovering they can’t stand the way their partners chew, talk and brush the cat. Since we probably can’t predict when our behaviors will annoy others, we need to learn how to make apologies afterward. A good apology has three parts.
First, show regret about the influence of your past behavior. A sincere apology means that you admit your choices negatively affected others. It involves regret or guilt - sometimes for what you’ve done to the other person, not necessarily for your own action.
Second, take responsibility in the present. Refusing to accept responsibility is not a sign of strength. It’s a sign of narcissism(自恋). In many situations, we’re too busy finding fault in the other person’s actions instead of accepting our role in the problem. It doesn’t matter whose fault it is when something is broken if it’s your responsibility to fix it. Taking responsibility is a recognition of the power that you gain when you stop blaming people.
Third, describe how you plan to improve in the future. You can’t right your wrongs if you don’t explain how you’re going to fix or prevent the problem. Then we should follow through on our promise so that we can earn forgiveness
The three steps are relatively easy to try. The hard part is finding the power to apologize, because it means feeling guilty about having done a bad thing and maybe even some shame at the thought of being a bad person. Psychologists have discovered a good solution to that: When you’ve hurt someone, think about your key values. If sympathy, justice or generosity show up on your list, you might realize that apologizing doesn’t mean admitting you’re a bad person. It’s just a step toward becoming a better person.
40. What does a sincere apology mean according to the passage
41. What’s the difficult part in an apology according to the passage
42. Please decide whether the following statement is true or false, then explain why according to the passage.
Apologizing usually means admitting you are a bad person.
43. Do you agree with the author’s opinion about how to make a good apology Why or why not (About 40 words)
【答案】40. A sincere apology means that you admit your choices negatively affected others.
41. Finding the power to apologize.
42. False. Because it is just regret about the influence of your past behaviour, and there is nothing to do with which kind of person you are.
43. I agree with the author. Many of us refuse to apologize because we think apologizing is admitting we were wrong. From this article we know apologies are only about showing regret of your past behaviour and a step toward becoming a better person.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出道歉是让自己成为更好的人的一步，并说明一个好的道歉具有的三个部分。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段的“A sincere apology means that you admit your choices negatively affected others. ”可知，真诚的道歉意味着你承认你的选择对他人产生了负面影响。故答案为：A sincere apology means that you admit your choices negatively affected others.
41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段的“The hard part is finding the power to apologize”可知，困难的部分是找到道歉的力量。故答案为：Finding the power to apologize.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“First, show regret about the influence of your past behavior. A sincere apology means that you admit your choices negatively affected others. It involves regret or guilt - sometimes for what you’ve done to the other person, not necessarily for your own action.（首先，对你过去行为的影响表示遗憾。真诚的道歉意味着你承认你的选择对他人产生了负面影响。它包括后悔或内疚——有时是因为你对他人所做的事，不一定是因为你自己的行为）”可知，道歉并不是承认自己是个坏人，而是对过去影响别人的行为表示遗憾和抱歉。因此“Apologizing usually means admitting you are a bad person.（道歉通常意味着承认你是一个坏人）”这种说法不正确，因为道歉是对过去影响别人的行为表示遗憾和抱歉。故答案为：False. Because it is just regret about the influence of your past behaviour, and there is nothing to do with which kind of person you are.
【43题详解】
开放题。本题为开放题，表明自己的观点，且原因合乎情理即可，注意字数限制。例如：I agree with the author. Many of us refuse to apologize because we think apologizing is admitting we were wrong. From this article we know apologies are only about showing regret of your past behaviour and a step toward becoming a better person.
第二节:书面表达(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Catherine 写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括:
1.剧情简介;
2.指导内容
3.表达感谢。注意:
1.词数不少于60.
2.开头与结尾已为你写好。提示词:script 剧本
Dear Miss Catherine,
How is it going I am writing to ask you for help in regards to a short play adapted from our English textbook.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Miss Catherine,
How is it going I am writing to ask you for help in regards to a short play adapted from our English textbook. Could you give us some advice on how to improve it Here are some relevant details about it.
First of all, the play is based on a love story between Niulang, an ordinary boy on earth and Zhinv, a weaving girl in Heaven. They fell in love at first sight and then got married. Unfortunately, Zhinv was taken back to Heaven by her grandmother, the Goddess of Heaven. They were separated by the Milky Way. What puzzles me most about the play is how we should use proper stage languages for different roles. Could I go to see you in your office this upcoming Tuesday afternoon. I’d appreciate it if you give me some guidance.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给外教Miss Catherine写封邮件，请她指导根据英文课文改变的一个短剧。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestion→advice
相关的：related→relevant
使……困惑：confuse→puzzle
适当的：appropriate→proper
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：First of all, the play is based on a love story between Niulang, an ordinary boy on earth and Zhinv, a weaving girl in Heaven. They fell in love at first sight and then got married.
拓展句：First of all, the play is based on a love story between Niulang, an ordinary boy on earth and Zhinv, a weaving girl in Heaven, who fell in love at first sight and then got married.
【点睛】[高分句型1]What puzzles me most about the play is how we should use proper stage languages for different roles.（运用了what引导的主语从句和how引导的表语从句）
[高分句型2]I’d appreciate it if you give me some guidance.（运用了固定句型I’d appreciate it if...）昌平区2020-2021学年第一学期高二年级期末质量抽测
英语试卷
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分、知识运用(共三节，40分)
第一节: 语法填空(共10小题:每小题1.5分，共15分)
(1)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rowan Chaplin had a very ____1____ (success) academic career. At the age of 13, he was awarded a scholarship to a boarding school. Later, he ____2____ (study) at Newcastle University where he attained the highest marks in his year. At Oxford, he obtained his master's degree in electrical engineering. This may explain____3____ he loves fast cars, of which he has many.
(2)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding. To start with we need questions. Then, ____4____ (find) answers, we observe the world around us and study the facts. After that, we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. Although today we are more used to ____5____ (type) a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to give ____6____ (we) an answer, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world's problems with this type of analysis-luckily for us.
(3)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I'm not the only person ____7____ feels lonely. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it ____8____ (easy) to make friends online than it is "in real life". I'm way beyond a shy person, but I'm wired up every day. On the surface, I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but always I ____9____ (distract). They say that phones bring people closer together but in reality, my mind is always a million ____10____ (mile) away.
第二节:选词填空(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据上下文，从方框中所给的A、B、C、D、E、F六个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 (其中有一个多余的选项)。
A. lack confidence in B.check through C. be responsible forD.pick up E. give away F. be famous for
11. Well, I’m sorry I have to finish this article, but I’ve got to ________ my daughter from school at 4 pm.
12. Whenever Jason had two thousand dollars, he would________ small bank notes to homeless people in the street.
13. I know I am not a willing student, but I’m not slow to learn new things. The problem is that I may________ myself.
14. During the final round, as a judge, you would________ listening to all the speeches, noting down any positive or negative aspects for each one.
15. As soon as I open my eyes in the morning, I________ all my social networking apps, read my emails and answer text messages.
第三节: 完形填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Recently I had dinner at a "dark restaurant", where people eat in complete darkness, served by blind staff. I wanted to____16____ what being blind was like, and I thought ____17____ would be the most difficult activity.
It was a difficult meal. ____18____ we couldn't see where anything was, my friend and I knocked over glasses and dropped food. My senses of taste and smell became more sensitive, and I ate much more slowly, trying to____19____ what I was eating. Pouring water was very difficult, plus I kept drinking from my friend's glass.
After____20____ to pick up any food with a fork for five minutes, I decided to use my hands. I____21____ down, expecting rice and vegetables, but instead stuck my ____22____ into a bowl of warm. thick soup. "It's best to use a spoon for this course," the waiter said into my ear, ____23____ but much too late. Even using a spoon, most of the soup ended up on my shirt. I felt ____24____ even though no one could see me.
Our waiter advised us to lift the plates and bowls close to our faces. However, I still left the restaurant feeling hungry, though I was much more aware of the ____25____ that blind people face.
16. A. observe B. hear C. experience D. remember
17. A. drinking B. eating C. meeting D. cooking
18. A. Because B. Although C. Once D. While
19. A. forget B. buy C. introduce D. guess
20. A. failing B. offering C. pretending D. promising
21. A. calmed B. reached C. sat D. looked
22. A. fork B. spoon C. hand D. tongue
23. A. hopefully B. helpfully C. successfully D. peacefully
24. A. annoyed B. disappointed C. confused D. embarrassed
25. A. risks B. results C. challenges D. choices
第二部分、阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Memory likes to play tricks on us, taking us to places we once loved, but haven’t seen in years. It was early morning, raining and cold. Something woke me. Two little feet running down the stairs. It was my 7-year-old grandson Henry on his way to the kitchen for breakfast.
I suddenly thought about cookies. The perfections my grandmother baked in her wood stove(火炉). They were light as air and sweet as a baby’s smile. We’d cover them in butter and top them with jam that we made with blackberries I picked myself. I loved it. I especially loved those cookies. I wish I knew how she made them.
I learned a lot from my grandmother. How to read. How to sit in a chair at the end of a day and just be satisfied. But I never learned how to make cookies her way. I’ve made them according to various recipes(食谱), with varying success. They’re not bad, but not half as good as hers were. Henry would eat them up. He wasn’t crazy about the cookies, but loved butter and jam.
I rolled out of bed and went downstairs to hug him and bake some cookies.
They weren’t great cookies. But they were good enough. I covered them in butter and jam. Henry ate two and kept eyeing mine until I gave him half. Maybe someday he’ll say they were the best cookies ever.
The memories we leave with our children and grandchildren and all our loved ones --like the cookies we bake and the stories that will be told about us long after we are gone-are never made with perfection. They’re just made with love. Love makes everything better, even without butter and jam.
26. When woken up in the morning, the author remembered________.
A. the cookies B. the stories C. the recipes D. the tricks
27. Henry loved the cookies mainly because they were________.
A. well baked B. light and sweet C. made by himself D. with butter and jam
28. According to the author the best cookies in the world are with________.
A. love B. success C. memory D. perfection
B
Being a sports journalist with a successful career, Mitch Albom feels that there is something missing from his life. This all changes when he met his favorite college professor, Morrie Schwartz. On discovering that Morrie is being weakened by a serious illness, Mitch starts visiting him at his house on Tuesdays. The weekly conversations between them result in a book named Tuesdays WITH MORRIE. The followings are comments from two readers.
Amy Wang
I think this book should be on all school reading lists. After finishing it, I feel I have been given a deeper understanding into the world and can see things from a different point of view. While we are living, we tend to be troubled by unimportant things, such as gathering material possessions. I think it’s important for young people to know that making a lot of money won’t always make them happy, or that looking different doesn’t make a person abnormal! It’s up to us to find out what is important in our lives and build up our own values.
Morrie says that most people “seem half-asleep” even when they’re doing things that they think are important. Reading this book made me feel as if I’d been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world!
Marty
Although it is popular, my first impression was that Tuesdays with Morrie is just made up of a collection of over-emotional thoughts and messages, many of which are repeated and boring. But thinking back, it did help me think about my life again. The book made me stop and think about how much I am influenced by popular culture and the importance of creating my own values based on love and open communication. Although it isn’t my favorite book, I’d still recommend that people read it. After all, it is something that’s a bit different!
29. The book probably helps Amy Wang_______.
A. think about popular culture B. gather material possessions
C. observe things from one point D. understand deeply into the world
30. The main reason why Marty likes the book is that it_______.
A. is popular with people B. has emotional thoughts
C. contains repeated messages D. makes Marty rethink about life.
31. The main purpose of the passage is to_______.
A. tell life stories B. recommend a book
C. introduce two readers D. share personal experience
C
Some scientists have found that the long-term use of chemical pesticides (杀虫剂)and fertilizers(化肥)can harm both the land and people’s health.
Pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful insects, but also helpful ones. In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who eat them. As for fertilizers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition(营养). They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than necessary minerals, which makes them less tasty.
Therefore, some farmers have turned to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertilize. This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. It can help to put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next crops. Organic farmers also plant different crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. For example, peanuts grow on the ground’s surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots.
Nevertheless, organic farming is far from meeting the high demand for food around the world. It still has a long way to go to provide enough food while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
32. From paragraph 2, we learn that fertilizers can________.
A. help kill insects B. affect crops’ taste
C. stay in soil for long D. make crops nutritious
33. According to the passage, organic farming is preferred mainly because it________.
A. needs less care B. saves more water
C. uses less chemicals D. adopts natural methods
34. The author explains how organic farmers keep soil rich mainly by________.
A. listing numbers B. providing reasons
C. giving examples D. making comparisons
35. Which of the followings may the author agree with about organic farming
A. It will replace chemical farming. B. It will increase production of crops.
C. It can meet people’s needs for food. D. It needs more efforts to be developed.
D
We’ve been told since we were children that “It’s good to share”. Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys and books. When we grow up, we share photos, life stories and opinions with people around us and with those we don’t know via social media. Psychologists believe that the behavior of sharing is beneficial to setting up positive emotional connection.
Today, the action of sharing takes on extra meaning. It has spread to almost every aspect of our lives. We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services, or to make money out of those that we don’t use ourselves at all. These differ from car shares to home shares, and even to pet shares. The sharing economy is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them.
This popular ways of sharing is a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all delivered at the click of a button. Whether we’re a lender or a borrower, it’s a win-win situation. What’s more, sharing encourages us to reuse items, thereby cutting down on waste. And set-ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favor for the environment by reducing the number of polluting vehicles on the road.
But the sharing economy is not without its problems. The sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations and related laws are still on the way. Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market, often at the expense of more traditional companies. In addition, the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust. Some people have experienced damage to their properties while renting out their homes, and others have found themselves victims of theft or attack while sharing rides. Finally, personal data is not yet safe. Sharing platforms collect personal information about almost every part of our lives.
Nonetheless, there is no doubt that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy. it is growing at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will be like in the future.
36. Paragraph 2 and 3 are mainly about the ________ of sharing economy.
A. definition B. benefits C. technology D. development
37. The underlined word “regulations” in paragraph 4 probably means________.
A rules B. ideas C. conditions D. ways
38. People may worry that sharing economy would________.
A. lead to unfairness among strangers
B. cause distrust to traditional companies
C. bring about safety problems to users
D. limit the awareness of self-protection
39. What’s the author’s attitude to the future of the sharing economy
A. Negative. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Unclear.
第三部分、书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节:阅读表达(共4小题:第1.2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分)。
阅读下面短文，根据文章内容及题目要求回答问题。
An Apology Is Just a Step Toward Becoming a Better Person
No matter how hard we try, we can’t avoid hurting those we love. People are discovering they can’t stand the way their partners chew, talk and brush the cat. Since we probably can’t predict when our behaviors will annoy others, we need to learn how to make apologies afterward. A good apology has three parts.
First, show regret about the influence of your past behavior. A sincere apology means that you admit your choices negatively affected others. It involves regret or guilt - sometimes for what you’ve done to the other person, not necessarily for your own action.
Second, take responsibility in the present. Refusing to accept responsibility is not a sign of strength. It’s a sign of narcissism(自恋). In many situations, we’re too busy finding fault in the other person’s actions instead of accepting our role in the problem. It doesn’t matter whose fault it is when something is broken if it’s your responsibility to fix it. Taking responsibility is a recognition of the power that you gain when you stop blaming people.
Third, describe how you plan to improve in the future. You can’t right your wrongs if you don’t explain how you’re going to fix or prevent the problem. Then we should follow through on our promise so that we can earn forgiveness
The three steps are relatively easy to try. The hard part is finding the power to apologize, because it means feeling guilty about having done a bad thing and maybe even some shame at the thought of being a bad person. Psychologists have discovered a good solution to that: When you’ve hurt someone, think about your key values. If sympathy, justice or generosity show up on your list, you might realize that apologizing doesn’t mean admitting you’re a bad person. It’s just a step toward becoming a better person.
40. What does a sincere apology mean according to the passage
41. What’s the difficult part in an apology according to the passage
42. Please decide whether the following statement is true or false, then explain why according to the passage.
Apologizing usually means admitting you are a bad person.
43. Do you agree with the author’s opinion about how to make a good apology Why or why not (About 40 words)
第二节:书面表达(20分)
44. 假设你红星中学高二学生李华，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Catherine 写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括:
1.剧情简介;
2.指导内容
3.表达感谢。注意:
1.词数不少于60.
2.开头与结尾已为你写好。提示词:script 剧本
Dear Miss Catherine,
How is it going I am writing to ask you for help in regards to a short play adapted from our English textbook.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply!
