选择性必修四 Space and beyond -Unit 6 Understanding ideas (21张PPT)
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| 名称 | 选择性必修四 Space and beyond -Unit 6 Understanding ideas (21张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 3.7MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-12-30 10:25:11 | ||
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(共21张PPT)
Unit 6 Space and beyond
Understanding ideas The call of the Challenger
Teaching aims:
1. Learn about the development about Chinese space exploration;
2. Make sense of the passage and summarize the main idea of each paragraph;
3. Analyze the long and complicate sentences in the passage, and apply them into everyday writing;
Which of these spacecraft had a human on board when launched
Shenzhou V
2. What are the recent events in China’s space programme Add them to the timeline.
Leading in :
Part 1 Look at the timeline and answer the questions.
23 July 2020:
China sent Tianwen 1 by Changzheng V to explore Mars millions of kilometres away.
29 April 2021:
China has successfully launched the core module of its space station Tianhe.“天和”号空间站核心舱发射成功
1 The first satellite was launched by the USSR in ___.
A 1945 B 1962 C 1957
2 The first person in space was ___________.
A Robert Crippen B Yuri Gagarin C Neil Armstrong
3 The first person to walk in space was _________.
A Alexei Leonov B William McCool C Yang Liwei
4 The first space station was Sylyut, which was launched by ______.
A the USA B the USSR C the European Space Agency
5 The first spacecraft to leave the solar system was ________.
A Vostok 1 B Discovery C Voyager 1
Leading in :
Part 2 Do you know these space exploration “ Firsts”
尤里﹒加加林
阿列克谢﹒列昂诺夫
People thought space travel was no longer dangerous.
Christa would have inspired lots of people if she hadn’t lost her life on board the Challenger.
People were determined to continue with the space programme after the disaster.
The disaster proved we should use robots to explore space instead of people.
The shuttle was not reliable and should not have been used.
Step 1 Read the passage and finish activity 3 on page 64.
Choose the ideas mentioned in the passage and find the evidence.
Step 2 Read the passage carefully and try to analyze the follwing sentences.
At the same time, pay attention to the main idea of each paragraph.
1.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong.
2.With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.
3.Following the Moon landings，space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public，as innovations succeeded each other.
4.Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and rekindle interest in the space programme.
5.The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. How wrong they have been!
6.Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle’s components were redesigned.
7.It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short,they take their place alongside the other heroes of space exploration,such as Gagarin,Tereshkova,Armstrong and Yang Liwei.
8.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.
On 20 July 1969, Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today`s average school students, all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it safely back to Earth.
Para. 1 First landing on the Moon
Step 3 Sentences analysis
” That`s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”.
---Neil Armstrong
1.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong.
翻译：数以百万计的人在黑白电视机上观看了第一次登月，他们的心提到了嗓子眼儿，意识到这是一项多么艰巨和危险的任务，也意识到许多可能会出错的事情。
分析：本句的主干部分是Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths是独立主格结构，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong这部分是形容词短语作状语，来说明主语的状态。and 是表示并列关系，而且后面省略了形容词aware。
思考：如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。
2.With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.
2.With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.
翻译：随着阿姆斯特朗那句至今仍然著名的话“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步”，曾经被认为不可能的事情现在已经做到了。
分析：what双重身份，引导主语从句，并在主语从句中做consider的宾语。
思考：能否脱口而出一个例句？
After what seemed a very long time，I opened my eyes and found myself in bed.
Para. 2 Space travel following the Moon landings
3. Following the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public, as innovations succeeded each other. By the early 1980s, the great rockets previously used in the American space programme had been replaced by the space shuttle.
翻译：登月后，随着新事物接连出现，宇宙航行迅速成为公众眼中的寻常之事。20世纪80年代早期，美国太空计划中使用的大型火箭已经被航天飞机所代替。
分析：following现在分词作状语，属于非谓语的一种。
思考非谓语动词的解题思路：
一是判断考点：找到句子的谓语动词，另外句中没有出现连词，再出现一个动词必然是非谓语动词；
二是分析非谓语动词和其逻辑主语的关系：如果是主动就用v-ing；被动则用v-ed；表将来或目的就用to do 不定式；
三是判断非谓语动词和谓语动词之间的关系：非谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之前则用having done或者having been done
Para.2 What was special about the Challenger launch
It was special because Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary teacher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space.
4.Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and rekindle interest in the space programme.
翻译：克丽斯塔希望借此传达她的激动之情.重新燃起人们对太空计划的兴趣。
分析：communicate 熟词生义： v．(与某人)交流(信息或消息、意见等)；传达，传递(想法、感情、思想等)
5.The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. How wrong they have been!
翻译：全世界都震惊了，大多数人本以为这次太空航行不会比乘飞机旅行更加危险。但是所有人都大错特错了。
分析：most people……在句中是独立主格结构。
思考：no ＋比较级＋than 和 not + 比较级+ than 分别是什么含义，在文章中出现是否能精准翻译。
no ＋比较级＋than 两者都不……
not + 比较级+ than 不比……怎么样
Para.3 &4 Space Shuttle Challenger DISASTER
“ I can remember that day so clearly, watching the take-off on TV at school,” said one student. “ There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger, and we were all very excited. We didn`t have much patience waiting for the launch. We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle. Then, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky, followed by a cloud of white smoke. The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming.”
Para. 5 What was done in the three years following the disaster
6. Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle’s components were redesigned.
翻译：“挑战者”号令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行终止了三年时间，同时调查事故原因，重新设计飞行器的部分零件。
分析：following在句中是现在分词作状语。While译为:在……期间。
思考：while单词的用法：
并列连词，译为“然而”，表示前后对比；
从属连词，译为“当…的时候，在……期间”，引导时间状语从句，通常加延续性动词；
从属连词，译为“趁着”，引导时间状语从句，常用语谚语：Strike the iron while it is hot.(趁热打铁)
从句连词，译为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于although；
Which shuttle followed the Challenger, and when was it launched
Discovery followed the Challenger, and was launched on 29 September 1988.
7.It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short,they take their place alongside the other heroes of space exploration,such as Gagarin,Tereshkova,Armstrong and Yang Liwei.
翻译：“挑战者”号失事至今已经过去30多年了,虽然机组人员不幸结束了短暂的生命,但他们与卡加林、捷列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和杨利伟等太空探索英雄并驾齐驱。
分析：本句结构比较复杂。It has now been...和they take their place...是并列句,since引导的是第一个分句的时间状语从句,although引导的是第二个分句的让步状语从句。
It is/has been+一段时间+since从句（用一般过去时态）...意为“自从……以来……”,since可以做介词,也可做连词。
注意：since+过去时间点在句中做时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。
Since ancient times calligraphy has played a critical role in Chinese culture and history.
Para.6 Inspiration, devotion and encouragement of Challenger
8.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.
翻译：“挑战者号”做出的牺牲呼唤着我们，提醒我们必须继续努力进星太空探索，不管它们看起来有多么遥远。
分析：no matter how 引导让步状语从句，可以和疑问词+ever互换。但是当引导名词性从句时，二者不能互换。
No matter how diligent he was, he could never catch up with his sister.
No matter what you want to read would be sent to your office.
思考：这两个句子中，no matter + 疑问词 哪一个可以被疑问词+ever替换？
Para.6 Inspiration, devotion and encouragement of Challenger
Step 4 Key expressions (guess the meaning of the phrases in the context)
become accustomed to 习惯于（做某事）= be used to doing sth
their hearts in their mouths 心提到了嗓子眼，形容比较紧张
succeed each other succeed v．成功；接替；继任；随后出现
take off v．(飞机)起飞；产品大受欢迎,事业迅速成功；休息, 休假；匆匆离开；脱下
tune in to sth. 收听/收看
might have done sth. 过去本可以做某事
on board 在火车(或轮船、飞机)上
cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影
cut ... short ... 提早结束…中断…
take one's place 就座；取得地位= take the place of ...
reach for the stars 探索星空；到达星际
Exercise
Finish the exercise in the leading paper.
Unit 6 Space and beyond
Understanding ideas The call of the Challenger
Teaching aims:
1. Learn about the development about Chinese space exploration;
2. Make sense of the passage and summarize the main idea of each paragraph;
3. Analyze the long and complicate sentences in the passage, and apply them into everyday writing;
Which of these spacecraft had a human on board when launched
Shenzhou V
2. What are the recent events in China’s space programme Add them to the timeline.
Leading in :
Part 1 Look at the timeline and answer the questions.
23 July 2020:
China sent Tianwen 1 by Changzheng V to explore Mars millions of kilometres away.
29 April 2021:
China has successfully launched the core module of its space station Tianhe.“天和”号空间站核心舱发射成功
1 The first satellite was launched by the USSR in ___.
A 1945 B 1962 C 1957
2 The first person in space was ___________.
A Robert Crippen B Yuri Gagarin C Neil Armstrong
3 The first person to walk in space was _________.
A Alexei Leonov B William McCool C Yang Liwei
4 The first space station was Sylyut, which was launched by ______.
A the USA B the USSR C the European Space Agency
5 The first spacecraft to leave the solar system was ________.
A Vostok 1 B Discovery C Voyager 1
Leading in :
Part 2 Do you know these space exploration “ Firsts”
尤里﹒加加林
阿列克谢﹒列昂诺夫
People thought space travel was no longer dangerous.
Christa would have inspired lots of people if she hadn’t lost her life on board the Challenger.
People were determined to continue with the space programme after the disaster.
The disaster proved we should use robots to explore space instead of people.
The shuttle was not reliable and should not have been used.
Step 1 Read the passage and finish activity 3 on page 64.
Choose the ideas mentioned in the passage and find the evidence.
Step 2 Read the passage carefully and try to analyze the follwing sentences.
At the same time, pay attention to the main idea of each paragraph.
1.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong.
2.With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.
3.Following the Moon landings，space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public，as innovations succeeded each other.
4.Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and rekindle interest in the space programme.
5.The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. How wrong they have been!
6.Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle’s components were redesigned.
7.It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short,they take their place alongside the other heroes of space exploration,such as Gagarin,Tereshkova,Armstrong and Yang Liwei.
8.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.
On 20 July 1969, Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today`s average school students, all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it safely back to Earth.
Para. 1 First landing on the Moon
Step 3 Sentences analysis
” That`s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”.
---Neil Armstrong
1.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong.
翻译：数以百万计的人在黑白电视机上观看了第一次登月，他们的心提到了嗓子眼儿，意识到这是一项多么艰巨和危险的任务，也意识到许多可能会出错的事情。
分析：本句的主干部分是Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths是独立主格结构，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong这部分是形容词短语作状语，来说明主语的状态。and 是表示并列关系，而且后面省略了形容词aware。
思考：如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。
2.With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.
2.With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.
翻译：随着阿姆斯特朗那句至今仍然著名的话“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步”，曾经被认为不可能的事情现在已经做到了。
分析：what双重身份，引导主语从句，并在主语从句中做consider的宾语。
思考：能否脱口而出一个例句？
After what seemed a very long time，I opened my eyes and found myself in bed.
Para. 2 Space travel following the Moon landings
3. Following the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public, as innovations succeeded each other. By the early 1980s, the great rockets previously used in the American space programme had been replaced by the space shuttle.
翻译：登月后，随着新事物接连出现，宇宙航行迅速成为公众眼中的寻常之事。20世纪80年代早期，美国太空计划中使用的大型火箭已经被航天飞机所代替。
分析：following现在分词作状语，属于非谓语的一种。
思考非谓语动词的解题思路：
一是判断考点：找到句子的谓语动词，另外句中没有出现连词，再出现一个动词必然是非谓语动词；
二是分析非谓语动词和其逻辑主语的关系：如果是主动就用v-ing；被动则用v-ed；表将来或目的就用to do 不定式；
三是判断非谓语动词和谓语动词之间的关系：非谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之前则用having done或者having been done
Para.2 What was special about the Challenger launch
It was special because Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary teacher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space.
4.Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and rekindle interest in the space programme.
翻译：克丽斯塔希望借此传达她的激动之情.重新燃起人们对太空计划的兴趣。
分析：communicate 熟词生义： v．(与某人)交流(信息或消息、意见等)；传达，传递(想法、感情、思想等)
5.The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. How wrong they have been!
翻译：全世界都震惊了，大多数人本以为这次太空航行不会比乘飞机旅行更加危险。但是所有人都大错特错了。
分析：most people……在句中是独立主格结构。
思考：no ＋比较级＋than 和 not + 比较级+ than 分别是什么含义，在文章中出现是否能精准翻译。
no ＋比较级＋than 两者都不……
not + 比较级+ than 不比……怎么样
Para.3 &4 Space Shuttle Challenger DISASTER
“ I can remember that day so clearly, watching the take-off on TV at school,” said one student. “ There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger, and we were all very excited. We didn`t have much patience waiting for the launch. We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle. Then, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky, followed by a cloud of white smoke. The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming.”
Para. 5 What was done in the three years following the disaster
6. Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle’s components were redesigned.
翻译：“挑战者”号令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行终止了三年时间，同时调查事故原因，重新设计飞行器的部分零件。
分析：following在句中是现在分词作状语。While译为:在……期间。
思考：while单词的用法：
并列连词，译为“然而”，表示前后对比；
从属连词，译为“当…的时候，在……期间”，引导时间状语从句，通常加延续性动词；
从属连词，译为“趁着”，引导时间状语从句，常用语谚语：Strike the iron while it is hot.(趁热打铁)
从句连词，译为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于although；
Which shuttle followed the Challenger, and when was it launched
Discovery followed the Challenger, and was launched on 29 September 1988.
7.It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short,they take their place alongside the other heroes of space exploration,such as Gagarin,Tereshkova,Armstrong and Yang Liwei.
翻译：“挑战者”号失事至今已经过去30多年了,虽然机组人员不幸结束了短暂的生命,但他们与卡加林、捷列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和杨利伟等太空探索英雄并驾齐驱。
分析：本句结构比较复杂。It has now been...和they take their place...是并列句,since引导的是第一个分句的时间状语从句,although引导的是第二个分句的让步状语从句。
It is/has been+一段时间+since从句（用一般过去时态）...意为“自从……以来……”,since可以做介词,也可做连词。
注意：since+过去时间点在句中做时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。
Since ancient times calligraphy has played a critical role in Chinese culture and history.
Para.6 Inspiration, devotion and encouragement of Challenger
8.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.
翻译：“挑战者号”做出的牺牲呼唤着我们，提醒我们必须继续努力进星太空探索，不管它们看起来有多么遥远。
分析：no matter how 引导让步状语从句，可以和疑问词+ever互换。但是当引导名词性从句时，二者不能互换。
No matter how diligent he was, he could never catch up with his sister.
No matter what you want to read would be sent to your office.
思考：这两个句子中，no matter + 疑问词 哪一个可以被疑问词+ever替换？
Para.6 Inspiration, devotion and encouragement of Challenger
Step 4 Key expressions (guess the meaning of the phrases in the context)
become accustomed to 习惯于（做某事）= be used to doing sth
their hearts in their mouths 心提到了嗓子眼，形容比较紧张
succeed each other succeed v．成功；接替；继任；随后出现
take off v．(飞机)起飞；产品大受欢迎,事业迅速成功；休息, 休假；匆匆离开；脱下
tune in to sth. 收听/收看
might have done sth. 过去本可以做某事
on board 在火车(或轮船、飞机)上
cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影
cut ... short ... 提早结束…中断…
take one's place 就座；取得地位= take the place of ...
reach for the stars 探索星空；到达星际
Exercise
Finish the exercise in the leading paper.