(共63张PPT)
Unit 3 The art of painting
高中同步导练
英语选择性必修第一册
Section One: Welcome to the unit & Reading
1. portrait n. ___________________________________
2. canvas n. __________________
3. ____________ n. 乡村风景画；风景，景色
4. ____________ vi. & vt. 闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折
5. ____________ n. 展览馆，画廊；长廊，走廊；楼上旁听席
6. ____________ n. 十年，十年期
7. ____________ adv. 主要地，一般地
8. ____________ n. 池塘，水池
9. ____________________________ n. 街区，城区；邻近的地方
肖像，半身画像；详细的描述，描绘
画布，油画；帆布
landscape
eye catching
decade
pond
I.重点词汇
neighbourhood/neighborhood
wander
mostly
10. ____________ adj. 想法相同的，志趣相投的
11. ____________ vt. & vi. 在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视
12. ____________ n. (画家的)笔触，画法
13. ____________ n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油
14. ____________ adj. 鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的
15. ____________ vt. 陈列，展出；显示，表现 n. 陈列，展览；表现；展示
16. ____________ n. 职业，事业；使命感
I.重点词汇
like minded
dominate
calling
brushwork
essence
vivid
display
1. ____________ vt. & vi. (过去式____________，过去分词_________) 突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n. 罢工；袭击；击，打→____________ adj. 引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的；标致的
2. ____________ n. 环境，背景；情节背景→____________v. 放置，使处于；设置；以……为背景
3. ____________ n. 解放，摆脱→____________n．自由
strike
struck
II.词汇拓展
struck
striking
setting
set
liberation
liberty
4. ____________ adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的→____________vt.反对，抵制→____________adj. 对面的，相反的 n. 对立的人(或物)，对立面 prep. 与……相对，在……对面
5. ____________ vt. 运用，使用；雇用→____________ n. 受雇者，雇员→____________ n. 雇用者，老板→____________ n. 使用；雇用 ；就业 ；职业
opposed
opposite
II.词汇拓展
oppose
employee
employ
employer
employment
6. ____________ adj. 逼真的；栩栩如生的；现实的；实际的；明智的→____________ adj. 真实的；真的→____________ adv. 事实上；真正地；的确→____________ vt. 理解，意识到；实现→____________ n. 现实；事实
7. ____________ n. 远见卓识；视力，视野；想象→____________adj. 视力的
realistic
really
II.词汇拓展
realize
real
reality
vision
visual
8. ____________ adj. 值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的→____________adj. 有……价值；值得 n. 价值→____________adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，令人愉快的→____________adj.没用的，无价值的
worthy
worthwhile
II.词汇拓展
worth
worthless
________________________ (表示对比)而，相对于
as opposed to
III.重点短语
1. _______________________________, this world famous art museum features some of the best known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century.(P30)这座举世闻名的艺术博物馆设于一座古老的铁路建筑中，重点展出十九世纪印象派运动中最著名的一些画作。
2. ________________________ the Impressionist gallery, I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players.(P30)当我漫步在印象派画廊时，我欣赏了《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》之类的杰作。
Housed in an old railway building
IV.重点句式
As I wandered through
3. _____________________________ he painted mostly scenes from his garden.(P30)在他生命的最后三十年里，他画的大多是他花园里的景色。
4. For me, the most interesting of his paintings is his 1876 masterpiece Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette, which shows life ________________________ Paris on a Sunday afternoon.(P31)对我来说，他最有趣的绘画作品是他1876年的杰作《煎饼磨坊的舞会》，它展示了周日下午巴黎繁忙街区的生活。
IV.重点句式
In the last three decades of his life
in a busy neighbourhood of
5. When I saw it up close, I ________________________________ across the painting, and the way the soft edges of the figures seemed to mix together.(P31)我靠近观察，画面上遍布着小面积的光斑，人物柔和的轮廓好像融为一体，令我惊叹不已。
6. Although the paintings had very different settings，___________________
______ stayed with me long after I left the Musée d'Orsay—similarities which can be seen throughout the Impressionists' paintings.(P31)虽然这两幅画的背景迥然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆很久之后，它们的相似之处却一直萦绕在我的脑海中——这些相似之处在印象派画作中随处可见。
IV.重点句式
it was their similarities
was struck by the small areas of light
that
7. Monet and Renoir, _______________________________, sought liberation from the rules of the old style.(P31)莫奈和雷诺阿，以及其他志同道合的艺术家，寻求从旧风格的束缚解放出来。
8. Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works, _________
_______________ had traditionally dominated European art.(P31)日常题材是他们作品的重点，这有别于传统上在欧洲艺术中占主导地位的历史题材画作。
IV.重点句式
as opposed
along with other like minded artists
as opposed that
9. ________________________ Post Impressionist painters were not the only ones to be influenced by Impressionism—the movement _________
____________________ modern art，encouraging artists to look at the world from an entirely new point of view.(P31)同样值得注意的是，后印象派画家并不是唯一受到印象派影响的画家——这一运动对现代艺术产生了持久的影响，鼓励艺术家以全新的视角看待世界。
IV.重点句式
has had
It is also worthy of note that
a lasting influence on
Ⅰ.快速阅读课文，回答以下问题。
1. Which art museum features some of the best known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century
______________________________________________________________
2. Who made the deepest impression on the author
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
The Musée d'Orsay.
Two of the greatest Impressionist painters, Claude Monet and Pierre Auguste Renoir.
3. What is the influence of the Impressionists' vision
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
It inspired a whole new generation of Post Impressionist painters such as
Musée d'Orsay and has had a lasting influence on modern art, encouraging
Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin, whose works are also displayed at the
artists to look at the world from an entirely new point of view.
Ⅱ.整体阅读课文，完成以下表格
温馨提示：双击文件直达
Ⅲ.根据以上表格，写一篇60词左右的课文概要写作
One possible version：
The article elaborates the author's seeing and thinking when travelling in an art museum, the Musée d'Orsay. (要点1) Monet and Renoir, the Impressionist painters in the Impressionist movement, painted based on different settings, but had something in common, including seeking liberation, focusing on everyday subject matter and a brief “impression”. (要点2)More importantly, the movement has an enduring influence on Post-Impressionists and modern art.(要点3)
1．house v. 安置，收藏，是(某物)的贮藏处(或安置处)；给(某人)提供住处
教材原句：Housed in an old railway building, this world famous art museum features some of the best known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century.(P30)这座举世闻名的艺术博物馆设于一座古老的铁路建筑中，重点展出十九世纪印象派运动中最著名的一些画作。
【句型分析】这是一个简单句。句中Housed in an old railway building是状语，feature在句中是谓语动词。
【常见搭配】
house sb./sth. in sth.把某物放在……；让某人居住在……
house for...为……提供住房
【经典例句】
The government is committed to housing the refugees.政府承诺收容难民。
After work they housed farm tools in a shed.劳作后，他们把农具存放在一间小屋里。
[边学边练]完成句子
(1)工厂让全体职工住在公寓大楼里。
The factory ________________________ apartment buildings.
(2)这座房子里会住12个男孩和8个女孩。
The building ____________ twelve boys and eight girls.
houses its entire staff in
will house
2．wander vi. & vt. 闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折
教材原句：As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery, I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players.(P30)当我漫步在印象派画廊时，我欣赏了《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》之类的杰作。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。As引导时间状语从句。
【常见搭配】
wander about/around 到处转悠
【经典例句】
One morning, Ann's neighbour Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school.一天早上，安的邻居特蕾西发现一只迷路的狗在当地小学附近徘徊。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)Please don't wander ____________ the ship without the company of a crew member.
(2)They hope to discourage the seabirds from ____________ (wander) onto the highway.
around
wandering
3．mostly adv. 主要地；一般地
教材原句：In the last three decades of his life he painted mostly scenes from his garden.(P30)在他生命的最后三十年里，他画的大多是他花园里的景色。
【易混辨析】mostly, mainly与greatly
mostly强调数量占多半，近乎全部。
mainly指主要部分，突出在一系列事物中的相对重要性。
greatly通常强调程度的高。
【经典例句】
As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest.正如人们预料的那样，他的写作基本上是清晰的，公平地说，有些章节比其他章节更突出。
[边学边练]用“辨析”词语填空
(1)Thinking is ________ performed with words and other symbols.
(2)Our weather has been __________ warm.
(3)I feel that I have benefited ________ from her wisdom.
mainly
mostly
greatly
4．neighbourhood n. 街区，城区；邻近的地方
教材原句：For me, the most interesting of his paintings is his 1876 masterpiece Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette, which shows life in a busy neighbourhood of Paris on a Sunday afternoon.(P31)对我来说，他最有趣的绘画作品是他1876年的杰作《煎饼磨坊的舞会》，它展示了周日下午巴黎繁忙街区的生活。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句。
【基本用法】
后缀 hood 表示“身份，资格，集体，状态”，如neighbour(邻居)—neighbourhood(街区；城区；邻近的地方)；child(孩子)—childhood(童年时代); brother(兄弟)—brotherhood (兄弟关系); boy(少年)—boyhood(青少年时代)等等。
【经典例句】
Recently I find several cats have been abandoned in the near neighbourhood.最近我发现附近街区有几只猫被遗弃。
[边学边练]完成句子
(1)搬进新社区的新家是一次令人兴奋的经历。
Moving into a new home ________________________ is an exciting experience.
(2)第二，重视周边的整体外观。
Second, take ________________________ seriously.
in a new neighbourhood
the whole neighbourhood
5. strike vt. & vi. (struck, struck)突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；
划 (火柴) n. 罢工；袭击；击，打
教材原句：When I saw it up close, I was struck by the small areas of light across the painting, and the way the soft edges of the figures seemed to mix together.(P31)我靠近观察，画面上遍布着小面积的光斑，人物柔和的轮廓好像融为一体，令我惊叹不已。
【常见搭配】
be struck by/on/with sb./sth. 被某人(或某物)打动；迷恋某人(或某物)
strike at sb./sth.朝……打去
strike sb down(疾病等) 摧垮；使病倒；使丧命； 击倒，撞倒(某人)
sth. strikes sb.某人突然想起某事(＝sth. occurs to sb. )
It strikes sb. to do...＝It strikes sb. that....某人突然想到……
go on strike举行罢工(动作)
be on strike在罢工(状态)
【衍生词】
striking adj. 引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的
【经典例句】
The scenery of the mountain village struck me, especially the striking tower beside it. 山村的景色给我留下了深刻的印象，尤其是旁边那座引人注目的塔。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)The area used to be struck ________ raging sandstorms.
(2)The crisis ________(strike) China without mercy and did harm to its still developing economy.
(3)These effects of the Internet have become even more ________ (strike) since I've begun using a smartphone.
(4)At this point, ________ suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time.
by
struck
striking
it
6．setting n. 环境，背景；情节背景
教材原句：Although the paintings had very different settings, it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d'Orsay—similarities which can be seen throughout the Impressionists' paintings.(P31)虽然这两幅画的背景迥然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆很久之后，它们的相似之处却一直萦绕在我的脑海中——这些相似之处在印象派画作中随处可见。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句，it was...that...是强调句，after引导时间状语从句，which引导定语从句。
【衍生词】
set v. 放，置，使处于；设置；以……背景 be set in...以……为背景
set aside 把……放一边；留出 set foot on 踏入，进入；到达
set up 建立，设立 set off/out for spl. 出发去某地
set out 出发；开始(＋to do) set about doing sth. 着手做某事
set sth. on fire＝set fire to sth. 放火烧某物
set an example 给某人树立榜样
【经典例句】
Generally, the closer one is to Victoria Harbour, the more urban the setting.一般说来， 越是接近维多利亚港的地方， 环境也就越趋于都市化。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)He left school early and set ________ from his home in the northeast for Guangzhou.
(2)He set out ________ (paint) the whole house but finished only the front part.
(3)Try to set ________ at least an hour each day for learning new vocabulary.
(4)It was the perfect ________ (set) for a wonderful Christmas.
to paint
off
aside
setting
7. like minded adj. 想法相同的，志趣相投的
教材原句：Monet and Renoir, along with other like minded artists, sought liberation from the rules of the old style.(P31)莫奈和雷诺阿，以及其他志同道合的画家，寻求从旧风格的束缚中解放出来。
【类似词汇】
absent minded adj. 心不在焉的
open minded adj. 思想开明的
closed minded adj. 思想保守的；有成见的
narrow minded adj. 心胸狭窄的；狭隘的；有偏见的
【衍生词】
mind n. 心思；头脑；思维方式 v. 介意
make up one's mind 下定决心
bear/keep sb./sth. in mind 将某人/某物记在心中
【经典例句】
The Internet allows like minded scientists to find each other.互联网让志同道合的科学家找到彼此。
[边学边练]完成句子
(1)汤姆心不在焉，反应有点迟钝。
________________________ and a little slow on the uptake.
(2)我觉得那是个非常好的建议，应该记住。
I think that's excellent advice ________________________.
(3)这位老人决定把公司交给女儿。
The old man ___________________ turn the firm over to his daughter.
Tom was absent minded
to bear/keep in mind
made up his mind to
[边学边练]完成句子
(4)这不仅仅能够碰到一些志同道合的朋友，而且还是一次全新的学习经历。
Not only is it a good way ________________________， but can be a great new learning experience.
to meet like minded friends
8．opposed adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的
教材原句：Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works, as opposed to the history paintings that had traditionally dominated European art.(P31)日常题材是他们作品的重点，这有别于传统上在欧洲艺术中占主导地位的历史题材画作。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。that引导定语从句。
【常见搭配】
as opposed to(表示对比)而，相对于(to是介词)
be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
【衍生词】
oppose vt. 反对；抵制
oppose (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
oppose sb. doing sth. 反对某人做某事
opposite adj. 对面的，相反的 n. 对立的人(或物)，对立面 prep. 与……相对，在……对面
opponent n. 对手，竞争者；反对者，阻止者
【经典例句】
I am here on business as opposed to a holiday.我在这里是办公事而不是度假。
Mr. Clarke has shown himself to be resolutely opposed to compromise.克拉克先生已表示自己坚决反对妥协。
[边学边练]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)She remained ________ (oppose) to the idea of moving abroad.
(2)We all strongly oppose ________ (drive) after drinking.
(3)I watched them leave and then drove off in the ________ (oppose) direction.
(4)结果非常不令人满意，和我们所期望的恰恰相反。
The result was rather unsatisfactory, ________________________________.
opposed
driving
opposite
as opposed to what we had expected
9．dominate vt. & vi. 在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；
占有优势；俯视
【衍生词】
domination n. 统治，控制； 优势
【经典例句】
Aristotle's scientific theories dominated Western thought for fifteen hundred years.亚里士多德的科学理论统治了西方思想达1 500年。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)Food webs may ______________ (dominate) by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.
(2)They had five centuries of ___________ (dominate) by the Romans.
be dominated
domination
10．employ vt. 运用，使用；雇用
教材原句：They employed free brushwork and used colours to show the effect of light on things, creating paintings that were far less realistic than the works that came before.(P31)他们运用了自由的笔触，用色彩来展示光投射在物体上的效果，创作出的绘画作品远不像前人所作的那么写实。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。to show the effect of light on things是目的状语，creating paintings是结果状语，两个that都是引导定语从句。
【常见搭配】
employ sb. as...雇用某人担任……
employ sb. to do sth.雇用某人做某事
employ oneself in doing sth.＝be employed in doing sth.忙于做某事；从事于某事(＝be busy doing sth.)
【衍生词】
unemployed adj. 失业的；待业的；下岗的
the unemployed 失业者
employee n. 受雇者，雇员
employer n. 雇用者，老板
employment n. 使用；雇用 ；就业 ；职业
employment rate 就业率；雇用率
in employment 在工作 unemployment n. 失业，失业人数
【经典例句】
The number of people employed in the company is fifteen.公司聘用15人。
[边学边练]完成句子
(1)More than 3，000 local workers ____________ (employ) in the tourism industry.
(2)More local ____________ (employ) will be created, particularly in service industry.
(3)For the past three years he has been employed ____________ a firefighter.
(4)A number of people have been employed ____________ (deal) with the backlog of work.
are employed
employment
as
to deal
[边学边练]完成句子
(5)Your time could be usefully employed ____________ attending to professional matters.
(6)The company was ordered to pay compensation to its former __________ (employ)．
in
employees
11． realistic adj. 逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的
【衍生词】
real adj. 真实的，真的 really adv. 事实上；真正地；的确
realize vt. 理解；意识到；实现
reality n. 现实；事实
in reality 事实上，实际上(＝in fact/practice)
【经典例句】
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths.另一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，记住你的信念、价值观和优势。
[边学边练]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)In my experience, very few people ____________ (real) understand the problem.
(2)We try to make these training courses as ____________ (real) as possible.
(3)Outwardly she seemed confident but ____________ reality she felt extremely nervous.
really
realistic
in
(4)这将有助于塑造现实和严肃的生活态度。
It would help shape ____________________________ to life.
(5)现在的儿童玩具枪看起来过于逼真，以至于常常被误认作真枪。
Children's toy guns now look _______________ they are often mistaken for the real thing.
a realistic and serious attitude
so realistic that
12．essence n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油
教材原句：To me, these techniques are the essence of the Impressionist view of art.(P31)对我来说，这些技巧是印象派艺术观点的精髓。
【常见搭配】
in essence 从本质上讲
of the essence 极其重要的，必不可少的
【衍生词】
essential adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的；本质的 n. 必需品；要点
It is essential to do...＝It is essential that...……是极其重要的
【经典例句】
The drama discusses the true essence of art with the humor of Italian improvisational comedy.戏剧以意大利即兴喜剧的幽默来探讨艺术的真正本质。
[边学边练]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)It is essential ____________ your diet is varied and balanced.
(2)____________ essence, all computers are the same.
(3)对于这种项目来说，速度至关重要。
Speed was ________________ in a project of this type.
In essence
of the essence
that
13．worthy adj. 值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的
教材原句：It is also worthy of note that Post Impressionist painters were not the only ones to be influenced by Impressionism—the movement has had a lasting influence on modern art, encouraging artists to look at the world from an entirely new point of view.(P31)同样值得注意的是，后印象派画家并不是唯一受到印象派影响的画家——这一运动对现代艺术产生了持久的影响，鼓励艺术家以全新的视角看待世界。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。It在句中作形式主语，that 从句是真正的主语，破折号后的内容是解释说明，encouraging artists to look at the world from an entirely new point of view是结果状语，且是自然而然的结果。
【常见搭配】
be worthy of＋n. 值得，配得上(＝be worth＋n.)
be worthy to be done＝be worthy of being done 值得被做
【衍生词】
worth adj. 有……价值；值得 n. 价值
be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
worthwhile adj. 值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，令人愉快的
It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事
It never was worthwhile 一点也不值得
sth. is worthwhile 某事值得做
worthless adj. 没用的，无价值的
[边学边练]单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)I don't think it ____________ (worth) to devote so much time to discussing the matter.
(2)I answered him in a comment, but I think it's worth ____________ (mention) to all of our readers.
mentioning
worthwhile
[边学边练]单句语法填空/一句多译
(3)这处名胜值得参观。
The place of interest is worth a visit.
＝The place of interest is worth ____________.
＝The place of interest is worthy ____________.
＝The place of interest is worthy ____________.
＝The place of interest is worthy ________________.
＝It is worthwhile __________________________________.
to be visited
of a visit
visiting
of being visited
to visit/visiting the place of interest (共54张PPT)
Unit 3 The art of painting
高中同步导练
英语选择性必修第一册
Section Two: Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
1. pixel n. ____________
2. ____________ n. 阴影部分；色度；阴凉处
3. ____________ vt. 开始，发动 n. (通常指按周领的)工资，工钱
4. ____________ n. (宣传)活动，运动；战役 vt & vi. 发起运动，参加活动
5. ____________ n. 建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学
像素
shade
campaign
I.重点词汇
wage
architecture
6. ____________ n. 吐司，烤面包片；干杯，祝酒 vt. 为……干杯；烤；取暖
7. ____________ n. 蒜，大蒜
8. ____________ n. 蘑菇
9. ____________ adj. 未经加工的，自然状态的；生的，未烹制的
toast
garlic
raw
I.重点词汇
mushroom
1. ____________ vt. 以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗→____________ n. 洗澡 v. 给……洗澡
2. ____________ vi. & vt. 整理，布置；安排，筹备→____________ n. 整理，布置；安排，筹备；约定
bathe
arrange
II.词汇拓展
arrangement
bath
IV.重点句式
1. As I wandered in the National Gallery, I _________________all the paintings.(P34)当我漫步在国家美术馆时，我惊奇地看着所有的画。
2. I wondered at the skill of the artists, their use of colour and ______ _____________________________.(P34)我对艺术家们的绘画技巧，他们对色彩的运用，以及他们如何运用光影感到惊奇。
3. I enjoyed the whole experience—___________________________ this palace of human creativity.(P34)我很享受整个经历——让我的感官沐浴在这个人类创造力的殿堂里。
was amazed to see
how
to be able to bathe my senses in
they played with light and shade
IV.重点句式
4. Moving slowly through the National Gallery, I ________________
___________________________ and appreciate each individual painting with the best camera in the world: my own eyes.(P34)在国家美术馆里慢慢观赏时，我决定把智能手机放在包里，用世界上最好的相机——我自己的眼睛，去欣赏每一幅画。
was determined to
keep my smartphone in my bag
IV.重点句式
5. Amsterdam's Rijksmuseum, for example, ____________________
__________, where visitors are encouraged to keep their smartphones in their pockets or bags and pick up paper and pencils instead.(P35)例如，阿姆斯特丹国立博物馆就发起了“大绘画”活动，鼓励游客将智能手机放在口袋或包里，取而代之的是拿起纸和铅笔。
6. ________________________ the toast to create the portrait.(P37)把蔬菜放在烤面包片上做成肖像。
has waged the Big Draw
Arrange the vegetables on
campaign
1．be＋形容词＋to do sth.
教材原句1：As I wandered in the National Gallery, I was amazed to see all the paintings.(P34)当我漫步在国家美术馆时，我惊奇地看着所有的画。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。As引导时间状语从句。
教材原句2：It was surprising then to see so many people viewing important and precious artworks through their smartphones.(P34)当时看到这么多人通过智能手机观看重要而珍贵的艺术品，真是令人惊讶。
【名师点津】
动词不定式可以修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词，即“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋动词不定式”或“主语＋动词＋宾语＋形容词＋动词不定式”。如果形容词表示难易、利弊等含义，如：difficult, easy, comfortable, convenient, hard, cheap, expensive 等，动词不定式用主动表被动。
【经典例句】
However, in other regions of the world, water now mostly safe to drink.然而，在世界的其他地区，现在大部分水饮是安全的。
[边学边练]完成句子
(1)塑料袋很难分解。
Plastic bags ________________________ break down.
(2)但其他解释很难找到。
But alternative explanations ________________________.
are difficult to
are hard to find
2．shade n. 阴影部分；色度；阴凉处
教材原句：I wondered at the skill of the artists, their use of colour and how they played with light and shade.(P34)我对艺术家们的绘画技巧，他们对色彩的运用，以及他们如何运用光影感到惊奇。
【句型分析】这是一个并列复合句。how引导宾语从句。
【常见搭配】
in the shade (of...) 在(……的)阴凉处 in shade 置于阴凉处
shade sb./sth. from/against 给某人/某物遮住……
put sb./sth. in the shade 使某人或事物黯然失色，使相形见绌
【经典例句】
She shaded her eyes against/from the sun with her hand.她用手遮住眼睛避免阳光。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)Tom put his hands over his eyes ____________ (shade) them from the bright sun.
(2)We felt refreshed after a break ____________ shade.
to shade
in
3．bathe vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用清水洗
教材原句：I enjoyed the whole experience—to be able to bathe my senses in this palace of human creativity.(P34)我很享受整个经历——让我的感官沐浴在这个人类创造力的殿堂里。
【常见搭配】
bathe sth. in sth. 使……沐浴在……里
【衍生词】
bath n. 洗澡 v. 给……洗澡
take a bath 洗个澡
bath towel 浴巾
【经典例句】
The moon bathed the countryside in a silver light.月光下的乡村沐浴在一片银辉之中。
[边学边练]用bath的适当形式填空
(1)____________ in the fog, we couldn't see the mountain clearly.
(2)It is unwise ____________ immediately after a meal.
Bathed
to bathe
4．wage vt. 开始，发动 n. (通常指按周领的)工资，工钱
教材原句：Amsterdam's Rijksmuseum, for example, has waged the Big Draw campaign, where visitors are encouraged to keep their smartphones in their pockets or bags and pick up paper and pencils instead.(P35)例如，阿姆斯特丹国立博物馆就发起了“大绘画”活动，鼓励游客将智能手机放在口袋或包里，取而代之的是拿起纸和铅笔。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。where引导定语从句。
【易混辨析】wage, salary与fee
都可表示“工资，收入”之意。
wage多用复数形式，指按小时、日或星期的报酬，通常指体力劳动者的工资。
The minimum wage was set at ￡3.20 an hour. 最低工资定为每小时3.20英镑。
salary指按年、月或星期平均给予的报酬，指脑力劳动者的薪水。
And we'll prepare to offer you a starting salary of $55，000.我们准备给你55000美元起薪。
fee指提供某种服务收取的固定费用。
The fee is $25 to change a room.换房费用为25美元。
[边学边练]用“辨析”词语填空
(1)It comes to 750 yuan including the service ________.
(2)He would not accept this important position for such a small ________.
(3)________ have been frozen and workers laid off.
fee
salary
Wages
5．campaign n. (宣传)活动，运动；战役 vt. & vi. 发起运动，参加活动
【常见搭配】
campaign for 为……宣传呼吁
campaign against 开展反对……活动
【经典例句】
We have campaigned against whaling for the last 15 years.我们最近15年一直参加反对捕鲸的运动。
[边学边练]完成句子
(1)她辞去工作，加入到丈夫的宣传活动中。
She gave up her job to join ________________________.
(2)他们决心发起一场劝阻青少年吸烟的运动。
They are determined ________________________ to discourage smoking among teenagers.
her husband's campaign
to start a campaign
6．arrange vt. & vi. 整理，布置；安排，筹备
教材原句：Arrange the vegetables on the toast to create the portrait.(P37)把蔬菜放在烤面包片上做成肖像。
【常见搭配】
arrange for sth. 安排某事
arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事
arrange sth. with sb.＝arrange with sb. about sth. 与某人商定/安排某事
arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事
arrange to do sth. 安排做某事
arrange to do sth. 与某人约定做某事
arrange that… 商定/安排……(从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略)
【衍生词】
arrangement n. 安排；筹备
make arrangements for 为……做好安排
【名师点津】
arrange作及物动词表示“安排……做某事”时， 其后通常接事情，而不接具体的人和东西；若接具体的人和东西则需在后面接介词for。
【经典例句】
We arranged for her to be examined by the best doctor.我们安排最好的医生为她检查。
[边学边练]完成句子
(1)她父母在为她的婚礼做准备。
Her parents are busy __________________________________.
(2)我和他约好在饭馆见面。
________________________ to meet at the restaurant.
(3)我安排了玛丽去机场接你。
________________________________ at the airport.
(4)当地报纸安排对市长进行采访。
The local newspaper ________________________ an interview with the mayor.
arranging for her wedding ceremony
I have arranged with him
I've arranged for Mary to pick you up
made arrangements for
动词 ing形式和动词 ed形式作表语
一、用法归纳
作表语 动词 ing形式 动词 ed形式
1.表示主语所具有的特征，有时可以和主语互换。My job is teaching.＝Teaching is my job.我的工作是教书。
2.常修饰物。The news was astonishing.这个消息令人吃惊。 1.说明主语的状态。The door remained locked when he came.他来时门一直锁着。
2.常修饰人。We were astonished (by the news)．我们(被这个消息)惊呆了。
二、动词 ing形式和动词 ed形式作表语的区别
动词 ing形式作表语 动名词作表语 表示主语的性质和特征，说明主语的内容，可与主语互换位置。
现在分词作表语 表示主语的性质和特征。意为“(事物) 令人感到……的”。
动词 ed形式作表语 过去分词作表语 表示人的某种感觉或体会。意为“(人) 感到……的”。过去分词常与be, appear, become, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem等系动词连用。
[边学边练]用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The speech was so __________ (inspire) that they were all __________ (excite)．
2. I feel a little ____________ (tire)．
3. As we joined the big crowd I got ____________ (separate) from my friends.
4. Her son, to whom she was so ____________ (devote), went abroad ten years ago.
5. It is believed that if a book is ____________， the readers will be ____________ in it.(interest)
inspiring
excited
tired
separated
devoted
interesting
interested
用所给词的适当形式填空
6. From his ___________ expression, we could see he was ____________. (puzzle)
7. The story was ____________. We were all deeply ____________ by the story.(move)
8. It is easy to get ____________ (discourage) when things are going bad.
moving
moved
discouraged
puzzled
puzzled
说明文写作
【命题原则】
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式说明事物、阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实物说明、事理说明和程序说明三大类。实物说明文主要介绍实物是“什么样”和“怎么样”的；事理说明文常用于介绍科学知识；程序说明文主要用于介绍和说明某实物怎样操作，怎样使用。论文、实验报告、产品说明书、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。
说明文的主要特点是：知识的科学性和行文的条理性。写作中可以运用举例、比较、对比、分析、数字、图表、描写和叙述等方法。
【写作要点】
第一步：明确说明对象，抓住要说明事物的主要特征。
第二步：选择合理的说明顺序(时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序)，分层次进行说明，注意条理清晰。
第三步：选择恰当的说明方法，比如定义法、举例法、比较法等，不要遗漏主要内容。
第四步：根据说明顺序及内容确定过渡词和恰当的句型结构。文字应客观、简洁明了，不要追求华丽和加入太多个人观点。
【写作任务】
说明制作一幅不同寻常的画的过程：
1．首先简要介绍不同寻常的画是如何创作的。
2．列举出需要用到的材料、工具等。
3．制作过程和注意事项。
【常用话题表达】
一、词汇
situate v. 使……位于 locate v. 位于
technique n. 科技 population n. 人口
method n. 方法 actually adv. 实际
above prep. 在……上方 beneath prep. 在……下方(接触)
below prep. 在……下方 in front of 在……前面
in the center of在……中间 on the left/right在……左/右边
in the distance 在远处 opposite to 在……对面
【常用话题表达】
next to与……相邻 close to 紧挨着……
for example/instance 例如 in this case 在这种情况下
such as 例如 take...for example 以……为例
in fact 实际上
【常用话题表达】
二、句型
1. It is located/situated in...它坐落在……
2. It lies between...and... 它位于……和……之间。
3. In front of it is...， with...on its left and...on its right.在它前面是……，左边是……，右边是……
4. Turning to the left, you will see...behind which is...向左转，你会看到……，其后面是……
5. Walking past...， the building that appears in front of you is... 走过……，映入眼帘的是……
6. Along the road are lines of trees, from which students can find shade from the hot sun.路边是一排排的树木，在此学生们可以在烈日下乘凉。
7. A walk around...is a feast for the mind as well as the eyes.围绕……漫步将会是心灵和眼睛的盛宴。
8. Opposite to the...stands...在……对面矗立着……
9. The door on your left leads you to... 左手边的门引领你通向……
10. Next to the door against the wall there is a(n)...， in which we sit to watch TV every evening.门边靠着墙有一个……，我们可以每天晚上坐在上面看电视。
11. On your left lies a...， with all kinds of...in it.你的左边有一个……，里面有各种各样的……
12. ...a new kind of...produced by...， which is...……是一种由……制造的新型……，它……
13. Made of...， it is light, small, and easy to carry.它由……制成，轻便、小巧，而且易携带。
14. ...containing much top and new technique is famous for its excellent quality and reasonable price.包含许多顶尖的新科技的……，因其出色的质量和合理的价格出名。
15. China is a large country with a long history and much population.中国是一个历史悠久、人口众多的大国。
16. ...， the capital of...， lies in the middle of...……的首都……位于……的中央。
17. It is rich in natural sources such as coal and gold and has mild weather.这里的煤、金等自然资源丰富，而且气候温和。
18. ...is located at the foot of/by the side of...， to the east of...and to the north of...……坐落于……的脚下/旁边，……的东部，……的北部。
19. ...is provided for the convenience of customers/visitors.为顾客/游客的方便，提供了……
20. Built in the 16th century, the castle has witnessed too much coming and going in history.城堡建于16世纪，它见证了历史上的很多兴衰成败。
21. With the development of...， there is an increasing need for people to know how to...随着……的发展，越来越多的人需要知道如何……
22. As a matter of fact, the main cause of it is...实际上，它的主要原因是……
23. It is high time that we did something to...是我们做……的时候了。
24. There are several steps to follow. /Here are some tips.有以下几个步骤。/建议如下。
25. The first thing to do is to...第一步是……
26. To ensure success, there is one more thing that you must bear in mind, that is...为了确保成功，你心中还需记住一点，那就是……
27. If you can do what has been mentioned above, you can guarantee success.如果你能做到上面提到的，你就一定可以取得成功。
28．There are clearly many ways to promote...such as...显然有许多方法去提高，例如……
29．...should be promoted/encouraged/supported...by...……应该通过……被提高/鼓励/支持。
30．...is surely a good/an effective way to promote...……是一个好的/有效的方法去提高……
31．...is very popular with...……在……之中受欢迎。
32．...is important for...because...对……来说……是重要的，因为……
33．I'm writing to call on...， since some of you may know that...我写信是为了……，因为你们有些人知道……
34．Hopefully you will join in the action and extend warm help to...希望你能加入到行动中来，把温暖的帮助给予……
35．Your kindness/attention/effort/generousness/donation/participation will be highly valued.你的善意/关注/努力/慷慨/捐赠/参与将被高度重视。
三、模板
1．时间顺序型
①At the beginning/Originally, ____________. It was not until __________ that it ____________.②In ____________， it became ____________ for the first time, but ____________. Luckily, it __________.③____________. With its steady development, the number of ____________ has increased from ____________ to ____________ now.
①事物初始状态
②事物发展历程
③事物现状
起初，____________。直到____________它才____________。在____________，它第一次成为____________，但是____________。幸运的是，它____________。随着它的稳步发展，____________的数量现在已经由____________增长至____________。
2．空间顺序型
①Our school is like a beautiful garden.②When you come into our school, you can see there is an avenue leading straight to ____________. On both sides of the avenue there are ____________. You can see ____________ on your left, too. To the west of the ____________， that is our ____________. And in the southeast of the school you can find ____________. Behind the ___________ is ___________， to the west of which there is ___________.
①总体概括
②按空间顺序描述
我们的学校就像一座漂亮的花园。走进校园，你能看到有一条通往____________道路。道路两侧都有____________。你也可以在你的左边看到____________。在____________的西面，是我们的___________。在学校的东南方，你能找到____________。在____________的后面是____________，其西面有____________。
3．逻辑顺序型
①Nowadays. more and more ______________________________.②Why
__________？The reasons for it are as follows.
③First of all, ____________. Besides, ____________. What's more, ____________.
As a matter of fact, the main cause of it is due to ____________. ④In my opinion, it is high time that we did something to ____________. ⑤____________. Only in this way can we ____________.
①阐述现象
②提出问题并引出原因
③阐述原因
④提出建议
⑤理想目标
如今，越来越多的____________。为什么____________？原因如下：
首先，____________。另外，____________。而且，________________。
实际上，这一现象的主要原因是____________。我认为，是我们该做点什么去____________的时候了。只有通过这种方式我们才能____________。
假定你是李华，你的美籍教师Mr. Green将长期在长沙工作，他打算买一套合适的住房，你碰巧在报纸上看到下面这则售房广告，请你用英语为其写一篇文字介绍的电子邮件，发给这位美籍教师。
阳光广场Sunny Square
*位于芙蓉区，紧靠长城饭店，距火车站仅一公里
*高低层建筑俱全，不同居室设计供不同选择；有电梯
*充足的绿地；停车场、学校、医院、餐馆和现代购物中心一应俱全
*厨房浴室设备齐全，24小时热水供应
*咨询电话：0731-81234567
注意：词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：设施完备 be well furnished
Dear Mr. Green，
I'm glad to hear that you are coming soon._________________________
______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
一、考题分析
本文为书信，但要求写作的部分主要是介绍 “阳光广场” 住宅区的情况，属于说明文性质。
二、布局谋篇
1．要求写作的部分可分为四段：
第一段 介绍Sunny Square住宅区的地理位置
第二段 介绍住宅区内楼盘及附属设施的情况
第三段 介绍厨房和卧室的情况，说明24小时热水供应
第四段 告知小区的咨询电话
2.时态：介绍小区的情况用一般现在时。
【核心要点的不同表达】
1. 位于________________________
2. 靠近，接近________________________
3. 离某处有……远________________________
4. 24小时热水供应。_________________________________
lie in/be located in
be close to
away from
Hot water is provided for 24 hours.
【优秀范文】
Dear Mr. Green，
I'm glad to hear that you are coming soon. I've just read about an ad for house sale, which you might be interested in. I'm writing to introduce it to you.
Sunny Square lies in Furong District of Changsha. It is close to Changcheng Hotel, just one kilometer away from the railway station. It has both high and low buildings with lifts and with various designs for different choices. There are plenty of green fields and parking areas. There are also schools, restaurants, a hospital and modern shopping centers as well.
The kitchen and the bathroom are well furnished. Hot water is provided for 24 hours.
If you need further information, you may call 0731 81234567.
Yours，
Li Hua(共68张PPT)
Unit 3 The art of painting
高中同步导练
英语选择性必修第一册
Section Three: Extended reading & Project
1. scroll n. ________________ 2. ink n. ________________
3. perspective n. _____________________________________________
4. scale n. ________________________________________
5. ____________ n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟
6. ____________ n. 庄稼，作物；收成，产量
7. __________ vi. & vt. (过去式__________，过去分词___________)蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕
长卷纸，卷轴
透视法；态度，观点；客观判断力；景观，远景
crop
wind
wound
I.重点词汇
insight
规模，范围；等级，级别；标度；比例
wound
墨水，墨汁
8. ____________ vi. & vt. (乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠 n. 帆；乘船航行
9. ____________ n. 平民，老百姓，庶民
10. ____________ n. 肉贩，屠夫
11. ____________ adj. 细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的
12. ______________ adj. 全面的，详尽的；综合性的
13. ____________ n. 庙宇，寺院
14. ____________ n. 建筑物；结构，构造；精心组织
sail
butcher
precise
comprehensive
I.重点词汇
civilian
temple
structure
15. ____________ adj. 全面的，综合的 adv. 全部，总计；一般来说，大体上
16. ____________ n. 批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人
17. ____________ n. 军人，士兵
18. ____________ n. (pl. ____________)危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期
19. ____________ n. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi. & vt. 减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝
overall
crises
soldier
crisis
I.重点词汇
critic
decline
20. ____________ vt. (过去式____________，过去分词____________)推翻，打倒 n. 推翻，打倒
21. ____________ n. 皇帝
22. ____________ adj. 优秀的，杰出的；突出的，明显的
23. ____________ n. 展览，展出
24. ____________ adj. 历史上著名的；有史时期的
25. ____________ n. 经历，事业；生涯，职业
overthrow
overthrew
outstanding
exhibition
historic
I.重点词汇
emperor
career
overthrown
1. ____________ adj. 显而易见，明白易懂，显然→____________ adv. 看来，显然
2. ____________ adj. 宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→____________ n. 野心，雄心，志向
3. ____________ adj. 巨大的，庞大的→____________ adv. 非常，极其
4. ____________ n. 衣服，服装→________ n. 布料；布→_________ n. [pl.]衣服，服装
apparent
ambitious
II.词汇拓展
ambition
apparently
clothes
clothing
enormous
enormously
cloth
5. ____________ n. 检查，查看，审视；视察→____________ v. 检查，查看，审视；视察
6. ____________ vt. 揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触→____________ n. 揭露；暴露
7. ____________ adj. 政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的→____________ n. 政治家→____________ n. 政治；政治学
8. ____________ adj. 稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的→____________ adv. 罕有，很少，不常
II.词汇拓展
inspection
inspect
politician
expose
rare
exposure
politics
political
rarely
1. ____________________各行各业，社会各界
2. go about sth. __________________________
3. ____________ 由……引起(或造成)
4. in one's own right _______________________
5. speak volumes about _______________________
all walks of life
III.重点短语
忙于做某事，继续做某事
be down to
凭自身的资格(或努力)
充分说明，清楚表明
1. Painted on a five metre long silk scroll, it _______________________ __________in China in the 12th century.(P39)它绘于一幅五米长的绢布卷轴上，让我们得以深入了解十二世纪中国的生活风貌。
2. The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, featuring crop fields, __________________________________， and farmers hard at work.(P39)第一部分展现了汴京城外平静的乡村生活场景，重点描绘了农田、蜿蜒的河流和辛勤劳作的农民。
IV.重点句式
offers an important insight
a river winding through the landscape
into life
3. The second section shows the riverbanks and the central bridge alive with activity ________________________ Bianjing.(P39)第二部分展现了船只进出汴京时热闹的河岸和中桥。
4. Here, hundreds of people ____________________， including butchers, hairdressers and government officials, can be seen going about their daily business.(P39)在这里，我们可以看见数百个来自各行各业的人正在忙着自己的营生，有肉贩，有理发师，还有官差。
IV.重点句式
as boats sail in and out of
from all walks of life
5. Its value _______________________________， artistic quality and attention to detail, but also to its representation of daily life.(P40)它的价值不仅在于画幅宏大，艺术性高，注重细节，而且还在于对日常生活的展现。
6. ____________________several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.(P40)这幅画价值如此之高，以至于后世有几位皇帝甚至命令当朝最有才华的画家来临摹这幅长卷。
IV.重点句式
is down not only to its great scale
Such is its worth that
7. Some of these copies are now regarded as precious works of art ________
____________.(P40)现在其中一些摹本本身就被视为艺术珍品。
8. The public's continued enthusiasm about the Qingming Scroll, even after all these centuries, ______________________________ of this historic piece of art.(P40)甚至在几个世纪之后，公众仍对《清明上河图》的热情不减，这足以证明这幅历史性画作的影响力。
in their
IV.重点句式
own right
speaks volumes about the power
1． sail vi. & vt. (乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠 n. 帆；乘船航行
教材原句：The second section shows the riverbanks and the central bridge alive with activity as boats sail in and out of Bianjing.(P39)第二部分展现了船只进出汴京时热闹的河岸和中桥。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。句中as引导时间状语从句。
【常见搭配】
set sail (for...) 起航(前往……)
in/under full sail(船)满帆，全速航行
【衍生词】
sailor n. 水手，海员；驾船人
【经典例句】
Eric set sail once again, this time with 25 ships, of which only 14 made it to Greenland.埃里克又再次起航，这次他率领25艘船，最终只有14艘抵达了格陵兰岛。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)I can hardly imagine Peter ________ (sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
(2)The ship set sail from China ________ Japan.
(3)To warm himself, the ________ (sail) sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the other.
sailor
sailing
for
2．go about sth. 忙于做某事，继续做某事
教材原句：Here, hundreds of people from all walks of life, including butchers, hairdressers and government officials, can be seen going about their daily business.(P39)在这里，我们可以看见数百个来自各行各业的人正在忙着自己的营生，有肉贩，有理发师，还有官差。
【常见搭配】
go after 追求，追逐 go over 复习；仔细检查
go up 上涨；上升；攀登 go through 通过；穿过；经历
go against 反对；违背；对……不利
【经典例句】
We enjoy staring at insects, birds and animals when they go about their business.我们喜欢目不转睛地观看昆虫、鸟类和动物忙碌不停地干它们的事情。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)He would go ________ his work again and again until he felt he had it right.
(2)Only a few students went ________ the oral English test.
(3)If you want a fulfilling and passionate life, you have to go ________ it.
through
over
after
3． apparent adj. 显而易见，明白易懂，显然
教材原句：Zhang's amazing artistic technique is apparent all across the scroll. (P39)张择端惊人的艺术技巧在画卷上随处可见。
【常见搭配】
It is apparent (to sb.) that...(对某人来说)很显然……
【衍生词】
apparently adv. 看来，显然
【名师点津】
apparent和obvious同义，但apparent在句中通常作表语。
【经典例句】
He paused, apparently lost in thought. 他停了下来，显然陷入了沉思。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)____________ (apparent), blindly following others' advice will affect our own judgement.(2018·江苏)
(2)________ has been apparent that in other areas standards have held up well.
Apparently
It
4．ambitious adj. 宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的
教材原句：This well developed ability, as well as the scroll's ambitious size, allows Zhang to show an enormous amount of detail—you could study the painting for hours and still discover something new.(P39)张择端娴熟的绘画技艺以及气势恢宏的画幅，让他能展现海量的细节——你细看这幅画卷数小时之后还能有新的发现。
【常见搭配】
be ambitious to do sth. 渴望做某事(＝be anxious/eager to do sth.)
【衍生词】
ambition n. 野心，雄心，志向
achieve/realize one's ambition 实现某人的夙愿
【经典例句】
His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. 然而，他的最新著作《社会动物》比他以前的书更雄心勃勃和严肃。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)He achieved his __________ (ambitious) of becoming a famous writer.
(2)He was an __________ (ambition) boy and finally realized his dreams.
(3)She is ambitious ____________ (succeed) in life as a journalist.
ambition
ambitious
to succeed
5．enormous adj. 巨大的，庞大的
【衍生词】
enormously adv. 非常，极其
【易混辨析】enormous, huge, giant与vast
enormous指尺寸、数量或程度远远超过一般标准。
huge含义广，强调体积、数量、程度方面极大的，不用于重量。
giant只作定语，指比其他同类事物大。
vast多指空间、面积、范围的巨大，不用于重量。
【经典例句】
The Channel Tunnel has enormous symbolic significance for a united Europe. 英吉利海峡隧道对于建立一个统一的欧洲具有重大的象征意义。
[边学边练]完成句子
(1)他中了彩票头奖，得到了一大笔钱。
He got ______________________________ by winning first prize in lottery.
(2)他的一言一行都带着强烈的使命感。
There is ____________________ of mission in his speech and gesture.
(3)火鸡能重达50磅。
Turkeys can reach ____________________ of up to 50 pounds.
an enormous amount of money
enormous weights
an enormous sense
6．inspection n. 检查，查看，审视；视察
教材原句：However, some critics suggest that on closer inspection, the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems.(P40)然而一些评论家提出，如果进行更为仔细的观察，就会发现这幅画实际上揭露了严重的政治和社会问题。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。that引导宾语从句。
【衍生词】
inspect v. 检查，查看，审视；视察
inspect sth./sb. for 检查……
inspector n. 检查员
【经典例句】
Engineers carried out a thorough inspection of the track.工程师对轨道进行了彻底检查。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)The plants are regularly inspected ________ disease.
(2)Would you mind pointing out your luggage for __________ (inspect)
(3)We do some cleaning to welcome leaders __________ (inspect) our school.
for
inspection
to inspect
7．expose vt. 揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触
【常见搭配】
expose sb./sth.to...把某人/某事暴露在……之下
expose oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人面临/遭受其事
【衍生词】
exposed adj. 无遮蔽的
be exposed to... 暴露于……；置身于……
exposure n.暴露；揭露
【经典例句】
We must expose this shameful activity to the newspapers. 我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。
[边学边练]用expose的适当形式填空
(1)Her new movie has had a lot of ________ in the media.
(2)Yang Ming's neighbours say they were being driven mad being ________ to such noise.
(3)___________ to the rain and wind last night, he was ill.
exposure
Exposed
exposed
8．decline n. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi. & vt. 减少，下降，衰退，衰落；
谢绝
教材原句：In fact, the Northern Song Dynasty was in decline by this stage.(P40)事实上，到这个阶段，北宋已经走向衰落了。
【常见搭配】
decline to下降/减少到 decline by下降/减少了
decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事
a decline in/of sth.在某方面下降/减少
in decline下降 on the decline 走下坡路，在衰退中
fall/go into (a) decline 开始衰落，陷入衰退
【经典例句】
His health fell into a decline after he was injured in the accident.他在事故中受伤后，身体开始衰退。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)We must take measures to get the prices to decline ________ 10 percent at any rate.
(2)Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was beyond our range, so we ________ (decline)．
(3)Nowadays it's feared the traditional family Sunday is ________ decline.
by
in
declined
9．such…that 如此……以致……
教材原句：Such is its worth that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.(P40)这幅画价值如此之高，以至于后世有几位皇帝甚至命令当朝最有才华的画家来临摹这幅长卷。
【名师点津】
such...that...引导结果状语从句。so...that...和such...that...都有“如此……以致……”的意思。
(1)such＋a/an(＋adj.) ＋ 可数名词单数＋that…＝so＋adj.＋a/an ＋ 可数名词单数＋that...
(2)such(＋adj.)＋可数名词复数/不可数名词 ＋ that...
注意：(1)such是形容词，修饰名词；so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。
(2)在状语从句中，such和so置于句首时，主句的主语、谓语要倒装。
【经典例句】
Such a nice man did he seem that we all believe him.他看上去是个好人，我们都相信他。
[边学边练]单句语法填空
(1)So clearly ________ he speak English that he can always make himself understood.
(2)Such progress ________ he make that he won much respect.
does
did
10．outstanding adj. 优秀的，杰出的；突出的，明显的
教材原句：With the Qingming Scroll, Zhang made an outstanding contribution to Chinese art and greatly influenced generations of future artists.(P40)张择端以《清明上河图》为中国艺术做出了杰出贡献，对后世画家产生了深远的影响。
【名师点津】
前缀：out 表示“出去，过时，外面；超过，过度”。
类似的词还有：outdoor (室外的， 户外的， 野外的); outsize (过大的); outgoing (外向的，友善的)等等。
【经典例句】
Michael Jordan is such an outstanding basketball player that he has fans all over the world. 迈克尔·乔丹是如此了不起的球员，以至于他的球迷遍布全世界。
[边学边练]完成句子
(1)作为一个性格外向的女孩，我与同学相处得很融洽。
___________________， I get along well with my classmates.
(2)学习攀岩和团队合作，享受极好的的户外环境。
Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy ________________
______________.
(3)这些成果进一步证明了他的杰出能力。
These results are a further proof of ________________________.
As an outgoing girl
the great outdoor
his outstanding ability
environment
11． rare adj. 稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的
教材原句：The last time it was on exhibition, crowds waited in line for hours for the rare chance to see the famous painting with their own eyes.(P40)上一次展出时，人们排了好几个小时的队，等待亲眼看到这幅名画的难得机会。
【句型分析】这是一个主从复合句。句中The last time引导时间状语从句。
【衍生词】
rarely adv. 罕有，很少，不常
【名师点津】
rarely为否定副词，置于句首时其后的句子用部分倒装。其他常见否定副词还有：hardly, scarcely, seldom, never等。
Rarely have I seen such beautiful scenery.我很少见过如此美丽的风景。
【经典例句】
In this nature preserve, all the rare plants are well preserved.在这个自然保护区中，所有的稀有植物都保存良好。
[边学边练]用rare的适当形式填空/完成句子
(1)He has been living a memorable life and there has ________ been a dull moment.
(2)Taxis on a rainy New York night are ________ than sunshine.
(3)难得有一场辩论吸引这么多的媒体关注。
Rarely ________________________ so much media attention.
rarely
rarer
has a debate attracted
温馨提示：双击文件直达
Section Four: Assessment & Further study
温馨提示：双击文件直达
温馨提示：双击文件直达
微技能三 高潮营造
故事中的高潮(climax)是指故事达到最紧张或扣人心弦的那一部分。高潮有时候是剧情中的“危机”点。有时候，它只是达到了关键时刻或者转折点，发生了一些事情，或者主角必须做出决定，从而导致一个结果或其他。我们在分析叙述类故事或者小说故事的时候常常用下面的图标来表示故事情节。
Story mountain
Background: This includes the introduction of characters and setting.
Rising action: This includes the events leading up to the main problem or conflict.
Climax: This is when the problem reaches a high point!
Falling action: This is when characters work to solve a problem or conflict.
Resolution: This is how things end up in the story.
语言输入——素材累计，为续写奠基
1．增加外部冲突
增加外部冲突是一种明显有效的可以达到故事高潮的方式。冲突带来紧迫感，将故事推向必要的解决状态。
(1)角色之间的冲突
【示例】(2017·浙江11月)On the fourth or fifth night, we had trouble finding a hotel with a vacancy. After driving in vain for some time, Mom suddenly got a great idea: Why didn't we find a house with a likely looking backyard and ask if we could set up tent there David and I became nervous.
【分析】开车找旅馆——徒劳无功——母亲建议在他人后院搭帐篷——David和“我”倍感紧张，心有不悦(母子的观点不一)
(2)角色与环境之间的冲突
【示例】(2017·浙江6月)Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him…he saw instantly that it wasn't a dog at all, but a wolf: quickly catching up with him. Mac's heart jumped…， he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal, and to Mac's relief, it fell back. shaking its head. But a minute later，…Then it…， tearing open his tent bag.He fired at the wolf a second time, and again, it fell back…
【分析】Mac骑车独行，路遇饿狼，与之搏斗，险象环生。
(3)依赖时间的发展：决策变得刻不容缓
【示例】(2017·浙江6月)The car abruptly stopped in front of him. “Get into the car.”Paul shouted at Mac. Mac jumped off the bike and slid into the car without delay as the wolf was just two steps away and was about to tear Mac into pieces. What a narrow escape!
【分析】汽车突停面前——车主急喊上车——Max上车避险——饿狼近在咫尺(此情此景，刻不容缓)
(4)增加的障碍：人物角色必须克服挑战，以达到他们的目标
【示例】(2018·浙江6月)Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse…But before we jumped off the frightened horses, we found that we had been off the beaten track and got lost. We had no idea where we were and it got dark. Exhausted and hungry, I wondered if we could find our way back.
【分析】小兔突现——马儿受惊——草原迷路(障碍1)——天色渐黑(障碍2)——又累又饿(障碍3)——心理恐慌(障碍4)
2．放大内心冲突
放大内心冲突(文中角色的内心斗争)也有助于建立一个高度紧张和不确定的时刻。现在我们再来看高考读后续写中的内心冲突是如何体现的。
【示例】(2016·浙江10月)Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest. Jane, exhausted and scared, lay down near a stone, missing her family at a distance. All the fantastic memory crowded in and she couldn't help crying. “Hadn't I quarrelled with Tom，walked away and climbed to the high place, I wouldn't be trapped in this awful place, confronted with the danger of dying. ”She regretted with endless anxiety, and then became asleep with shining tears in her eyes.
【分析】夫妇争吵——独自行走——荒野走散——夜——独处森林——阴森恐怖——后悔莫及(内心冲突的刻画)内心独白(往昔对比＋虚拟语气使用＋旁白描写是常见技巧之一)
3．使用环境描写增加不确定性
充分利用环境描写可以起到烘托故事高潮的作用。当故事角色在碰到困难的时候，我们往往要加大笔墨来描写故事环境的黑暗、恐怖和不祥。强化环境描写增强了高潮元素，使我们感受到的紧张的情绪倍增。
【示例】Immediately，an absolute darkness ruled the forest (黑暗). Even worse, the temperature suddenly dropped dramatically (寒冷)．
语言输出——层级训练，让续写添彩
Ⅰ.基础练习——补全句子
1. A little girl has been searching for her lost dog. _____________________
_____________________________________(突然她听到从角落传来狗叫的声音), and she looks around to see…
2. Kevin has worked very hard to try out for the soccer team at school. _____________________________________________________________
(教练在办公室门口贴上了今年的球队成员的名单). Kevin walks forward to look at the list…
All of a sudden, she
hears a bark coming from around the corner
The coach has posted a list of this year's team members on his office door
3. Mary's parents have been discussing whether or not to move to another state. _______________________________________________________
___________(他们把Mary和姐姐叫来讨论关于他们的决定)…
4. Lois has performed in the state gymnastics finals. _________________
____________________________ (她焦急地等待能听到获胜者的名字). The announcer says，“________________________ (第一名是John)”…
They call Mary and her sister down to talk with them about their
decision
She waits anxiously
to hear the names of the winners
The first place goes to John
Ⅱ.综合演练——完成读后续写，注意高潮描写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was an Art lesson. Rachel sat at the desk watching her classmates busy preparing the water jars and paints.She understood why Mrs. Weston asked her to sit down and got Lisa to fetch everything for her. It was always a disaster when Rachel tried to do Art!
Rachel sighed and reached out to dip her brush in some black paint and—oh, no! She knocked over the jar. The water spread across the desk and drowned the paper.Lisa called Mrs. Weston to see what Rachel had done.
Rachel went red in the face. She jumped to her feet to get a cloth. Her chair fell over backwards. She turned round and her paintbrush caught Lisa across the face, giving her a black moustache. Lisa was so surprised that she fell back against a wire bookstand. It came crashing down and the books went all over the floor.
How clumsy! Rachel thought as she went home on the bus. The bus stopped outside her house. She jumped up and her elbow (肘部) knocked a woman's hat right over her eyes. Oh, no! Rachel said sorry, got off and ran indoors. Mum wasn't in the kitchen but lay in bed as she caught an awful cold. Rachel offered to make a cup of tea but Mum would rather wait for Dad. Rachel sighed. She understood Mum was afraid she would spill (溅出) it.
“But would you go to Mrs. Willow for some cold cure？”asked Mum. Rachel turned to the door at once. “But Rachel, Mrs. Willow's house is full of beautiful things, so if she asks you to come in, you'd better say no.” Rachel sighed and ran out.
Mrs. Willow was an old lady with white hair and sharp blue eyes living in an old house. She opened the door and invited her in. Rachel said why she came and that she preferred to wait outside remembering her mother's warning. Mrs.Willow insisted Rachel come inside. Rachel took a deep breath and stepped in. She looked round Mrs.willow's sitting room and saw at once why Mum had been worried.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
There were beautiful things everywhere：pretty china figures and delicate vases. ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
The girls waited, unable to move. The kitchen clocked ticked, stretching out each slow second.__________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
One possible version：
There were beautiful things everywhere: pretty china figures and delicate vases. Rachel stood very still, afraid of knocking something over. Mrs.Willow handed Rachel a small brown bottle. Rachel couldn't wait to get away, feeling any minute there would be a disaster. She thanked her and turned to the door when something brushed against her leg. Rachel was so surprised that she jumped backwards. It was a cat! But her elbow hit a vase and it fell to the floor, broken. How awkward!
With a smile Mrs. Willow comforted her saying it had been broken before. Rachel sighed and stared at her. “I did，when I was young. You couldn't have been as clumsy as I was，” Mrs. Willow said, her sharp blue eyes shining. “Keep telling yourself you are a swan and it will work.” Rachel doubtfully said that several times. After they cleared up the vase, they drank tea from china cups and ate cakes off delicate plates and Rachel didn't break another thing. It was a kind of magic. Rachel smiled.
