上海市华东师范大学第一重点中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力试题 ）

2020-2021学年上海华一附中高二上英语期末考试
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A Multiple Choices
Directions: For each blank there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the sentence.
21. The scientists involved ________ the research on space exploration have been making new attempts ________ manned space flights.
A. in; at B. with; at C. in; with D. with; in
22. An individual consumes more calories than he uses, so the excess is stored as fat, but this basic connection masks lots of questions, such as ________ some people get fat and others don’t.
A. that B. whether C. why D. which
23. Using too many filler words can distract your listener often to the point ________ he doesn’t hear anything you say, and your message is completely lost.
A. which B. where C. when D. that
24. ________ the lack of scientific evidence for link between color and suit physics, lots of research showed that color could affect performance from a purely psychological standpoint.
A. As a consequence of B. Because of
C. In addition to D. In spite of
25. Originally ________ with temperature, by the 16th century, the term “cool” ________ to describe an internal state of calm.
A. associating; evolved B. associated; had evolved
C. .associated; evolved D. associating; had evolved
26. The mission of the space programme named after after the story of beautiful girl ________ to the moon is to establish a lunar station.
A. flooding B. floating C. flowing D. featuring
27. In order to ________ her anxiety about the exam, the teacher advised her to be exposed to some entertainment readings.
A. expose B. remove C. monitor D. distinguish
28. Nature can set a sky aflame at sunset or magically ________ a familiar landscape into a snow-white wonderland.
A. transfer B. transplant C. transform D. transport
29. When the supermarket was opened for business, it was ________ customers, who were deeply impressed by its cleanliness, excellent service and good quality.
A. mixed with B. concerned with
C. packed with D. scrambled with
30. Whereas people used to use “a promising future” to suggest that good things would arrive, “a bright future” soon ________ and is now used 2.4 times as frequently.
A. took over B. turned out C. gave out D. handed over
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Yang Nan, who was a KTV operation manager, has recently gained a new identity. He has become a temporary workers at a local Hema Fresh, Alibaba’s Retail grocery chain in __31__ has become a new trend: workers sharing among companies to offset（抵消）labor shortages caused by coronavirus outbreak.
China’s e-commerce platforms are seeing booming sales __32__ more people choose to stay at home and shop online under the impact of the epidemic. Worker’s __33__ (delay) return from virus-affected regions and growing orders were leading to labor shortages.
__34__ (address) this mismatch in the labor force, Hema has taken the initiative to offer part-time jobs to laid-off employees from other companies. As of February 14, around 2,700 employees from over 40 companies in different industries had joined Hema’s temporary job-sharing plan __35__ some quick training.
While job-sharing has helped fill the labor gap for online retailers, jobs requiring experience still lack people. In a statement on February 12, Hema said surging orders made the demand for couriers（快递员）especially urgent __36__ __36__ 80 percent of its delivery force had returned to work after the holiday.
The participation of employees from car rental companies has partially addressed the problem. Car rental and car-hailing companies such as Shanghai-based Dazhong Chuxing __37__ (send) experienced drivers to assist Hema’s delivery services in several cities. This has improved the delivery efficiency since cars can carry more than the motorcycles commonly used by deliverymen.
The labor gap during this special period has made flexible employment a rising star. Among the over 5,000 domestic enterprises investigated, nearly 70 percent were planning to adopt the model. Couriers and salespeople are __38__ (common) position in flexible employment.
Flexible employment will bring a major change in China’s human resources supply. Through digital economic platforms, domestic enterprises __39__ develop partnerships more efficiently and promote mutually beneficial flows of the labor force, one of the directors in Hema Fresh said, suggesting that third-party service platforms __40__ (provide) enterprise and employee information be developed to simplify recruitment.
Section C
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. range B. novel C. interest D. unlikely E. benefit F. experiencing G. available H. necessarily I. initiative J. generated K. partnership
Google gives $1M grant to Press Association to develop robot journalists
New consumers of the future could be reading stories pieced together by advanced data-analyzing robots rather than human journalists, if Google has its way.
On Thursday, the Press Association, the U.K,’s national news agency, announced that it received ?706,000 from the tech giant for its Reporters and Data an Robots (RADAR) __41__.
A collaboration between the Press Association and data-driven news start-up Urbs Media, RADAR aims to set up an artificial intelligene-fueled, news service that will generate tens of thousands of news stories a month using publicly __42__ data.
Everyone from big-name news organizations to hyper-local outlets and bloggers could __43__ from the program. Press Association editor-in-chief Peter Clifton claimed, “this is a hugely exciting development, and we believe our __44__ with Urbs Media can be a genuine game-changer for media outlets across the U. K. and Ireland.”
According to the Press Association, RADAR won’t __45__ mark the end of the flesh-and-blood journalists, but will rather enable the AI to produce a volume of stories that would be impossible to match manually.
The envisioned work-flow would begin with human journalists identifying open data sets and “creating detailed story templates across a(n) __46__ of topics including crime, health and employment.” The robotic reporter would then take over and scan the data, use language generation software to craft together story text and automatically locate relevant photos and video. Press Association clients would then be able to use a special distribution platform to identify news stories of __47__ to their audience.
Content automation isn’t a totally __48__ concept in the news industry however. AP estimated that it can free up 20 per cent of journalists’ time, allowing them to focus on more complex, qualitative tasks.
Shockingly, not all journalists are sold on the AI infiltration. A study found that journalists from leading news organizations had several reservations when shown an automatically __49__ sports story. “I would never, ever, ever have written a story like that,” one BBC journalist said, while a CNN reporter thought the story was repetitive and lacked variation.
Nevertheless, it looks like AI in journalism is here to stay. At a time when many media outlets are __50__ commercial pressure, RADAR will provide the news ecosystem with a cost-effective way to provide insightful local stories.
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The first daigou, meaning someone who makes purchases on another’s behalf, were Chinese students studying abroad, who carried __51__ products home on behalf of family and friends. Adding a commission（佣金）helped them pay their tuition fees. The __52__ of social-networking apps such as WeChat, China’s most popular, brought the business online. Daigou could then offer their services to friends of friends, and __53__ items they thought might appeal to their network. But while daigou in America and Europe purchase mainly luxury goods for their customers, in Australia they buy mainly vitamins, food and beauty products. And while luxury brands see daigou as a threat, undercutting sale in China, Australian firms have come to __54__ them.
There are perhaps 50,000 daigou, __55__ the aisles（过道）of Australian shops and periodically stripping them bare. Ordinary daiguo can post 60,000 parcels to China every day. The biggest have grown into __56__ export businesses which deliver goods through China’s free0trade zones. Express delivery services to China have __57__ and some 1,500 stores in Australia mainly take are of the needs of daigou. One such chain, AuMake, recently listed on the Australian Securities Exchange. Its __58__ sales staff can arrange for a purchase to be posted to China as soon as it has been rung up（收款记账）.
The __59__ for the customers is simple: the products daigou post are guaranteed to be genuine. Ever since Chinese firms were found to have been selling contaminated（污染过的）milk power in 2008, many anxious Chinese parents have turned to foreign brands. But websites selling foreign goods are riddled with __60__, while Chinese shops charge a fortune for the real thing.
The odd sales channel works for companies, too. Daigou allow young Australian firms to build their brands in China much more cheaply and easily than if they tried to __61__ their products directly, argues Keong Chan, the chairman of AuMake. A firm called the a2 Milk Company doubled its profit in the year to June thanks to soaring Chinese __62__. Daigou __63__ more of those sales than Chinese retailers or e-commerce sites, according to Peter Nathan, who heads its Asia-Pacific unit. __64__ , many business fall over themselves to win the favour of the most influential daigou. “It’s like having 50,000 __65__,” says Andrew Cohen, chief executive of Bellamy’s, a listed manufacturer of infant formula.
51. A. desirable B. enjoyable C. reasonable D. imaginable
52. A. impact B. contact C. spread D. exchange
53. A. discover B. promote C. remind D. contribute
54. A. reject B. embrace C. cooperate D. employ
55. A. wandering B. glancing C. pasting D. purchasing
56. A. amazed B. modified C. skilled D. organized
57. A. disappeared B. emerged C. boomed D. provided
58. A. restless B. gracious C. persistent D. efficient
59. A. appeal B. caution C. stress D. manual
60. A. errors B. fakes C. virtues D. values
61. A. market B. deliver C. subscribe D. develop
62. A. price B. demand C. supply D. trade
63. A. cut down B. make out C. take on D. account for
64. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Nevertheless D. Likewise
65. A. competitors B. customers C. representatives D. sponsors
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
A recent study, while showing a generally positive attitude toward science, also suggests a widespread worry that it may be “running out of control.”
Science can be a force for evil as well as for good. Its applications can be channeled either way, depending on our decisions. The decisions we make, personalty or collectively, will determine the outcomes of science. But here is a real danger. Science is advancing so fast and is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference. And, rather than fighting for the best possible policies, we may step back and do nothing.
Some people go even further. They say that despite the moral and legal objections, whatever is scientifically possible will be done - somewhere, sometime. They believe that science will get out of control in the end. This belief is dangerous too, because it fuels a sense of hopelessness and discourages them from making efforts to build a safer world.
In our interconnected world, the lack of agreement in and of the world of science can lead to the failure to control the use of science. Without a common understanding, the challenges of “controlling” science in this century will be really tough. Take human cloning for example. Despite the general agreement among scientists on its possible huge impact on traditional moral values, some countries still go ahead with the research and development of its related techniques. The outcomes are hard to predict.
Therefore, discussions on how science is applied should be extended far beyond scientific societies. Only through the united efforts of people with hope, can we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future.
66. What can we conclude from the recent study
A. People think highly of science.
B. People hold mixed opinions about science.
C. Science is getting dangerously out of control.
D. Science is used for both good and bad purposes.
67. According to the passage, what will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control
A. The development of science will hopelessly slow down.
B. Business will have even greater influence on science.
C. The public will lose faith in bringing about a bright future.
D. People will work more actively to put science under control.
68. The discussion on how science is applied should reach beyond scientific societies because ________.
A. scientists have failed to predict the outcomes
B. the ties between different areas need strengthening
C. united efforts are necessary for the development of science
D. people need to work together to prevent the bad use of science
69. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Science and its application bring us many dangers.
B. The development of science mostly lies is people’s attitudes
C. Mankind can largely take control of science with their efforts.
D. The future of science will be influenced by the dangerous ideas.
(B)
CAREERS & MANAGEMENT
Many large companies now use applicant - tracking systems (ATSs). As the name suggests, such systems help recruiters track and manage applicants. They also select the best candidates and filter out the rest. How can you make sure that your application gets past the robots and reaches a human recruiter Here’s what the expert, DEBORAH CAPRAS, says.
Use the right format（格式）
Most applications are removed because they are not formatted in way these systems can read and interpret: Amanda Augustine, career expert at Presumption, explains to CNBC Make It. Check which format is specified in the job and before you upload your application. It’s usually Microsoft Word format.
Keep it simple
Avoid columns and tables, as many systems have problems recognizing where these start and end. According to Alludes, a specialist recruitment company, you should keep the structure and format simple. “Don’t get fancy.” advises Alludes on its blog. Use standard fonts (Arial or Caliban). Excessive formatting or decorative elements might present an unreadable mes to the ATSs.
Stick to traditions
Use traditional categories, such as “Achievements”, “Education”, “Professional qualifications”, “Skills” and “Work experience”. These systems are programmed to sort the information into such categories. “There is no standard you have to follow,” says Nick Francis of Silencer, “but you should stick to the most popular or most frequently used ones to be safe.”
Understand the algorithms（算法）
“ATS algorithms aren’t that different from the human algorithms.” Jon Shields, marketing manager at Jacobson, tells The Muse, “We’re all kind of skimming for the same things.” The system first skims your application for specific key words, and then ranks candidates who match the job description well. This doesn’t mean you should copy and paste directly from the job description into your application. You should reuse expressions that are recognized industry terms. This is important when listing job titles, qualifications or achievements. If you’re not sure which ones to include, use an online tool to find the right words. Basically, even if you are highly qualified, unless you include the right search terms in your application, a human recruiter will never meet you.
70. Applicant-tracking systems (ATSs) are used for ________________.
A. formatting the uploaded applications
B. collecting applicant’s data from their applications
C. helping companies find qualified candidates
D. promoting applicant’s career development
71. Which of the following is NOT DEBORAH CAPRAS’ advice
A. Check the format used in your application before uploading it.
B. Keep the structure and format of your application simple.
C. Stick to the most popular or frequently used categories.
D. Avoid using expressions that are recognized industry terms.
72. This brochure mainly talks about ________________
A. where applicants should send their applications
B. how applicants could get their applications past ATSs
C. what applicants must do in preparing for an interview
D. why ATS algorithms work in the same way as human’s
(C)
Self-driving cars raise fears over "weaponisation"
Autonomous vehicles are in danger of being turned into "weapons", leading governments around the world to block cars operated by foreign companies, the head of Baidu's self-driving car programme has warned.
Qi Lu, chief operating officer at the Chinese internet group, said security concerns could become a problem for global car-makers and technology companies, including the US and China.
"It has nothing to do with any particular government -- has to do with the very nature of autonomy," he said on the sidelines of the Consumer Electronics Show last week. "You have an object that is capable of moving by itself. By definition, it is a weapon."
Increasingly, self-driving technology is seen as advancing faster than regulators can keep up with. Regional and national governments are struggling with the issue of when to allow autonomous cars on to their roads and under what conditions.
Multinational companies will have a "high bar" to meet local policy requirements for autonomous driving," Mr. Lu said. "The days of building a vehicle in one place and it runs everywhere are over. Because a vehicle that can more by itself by definition it is a weapon."
Baidu is investing heavily in Apollo, its open-source autonomous car software, as it looks to shift away from its core business of internet advertising into artificial intelligence. At CES, it unveiled Apollo 2.0, which offers improved security, alongside a new $200m fund to invest in south-east Asian efforts to improve autonomous driving.
Mr. Lu, who joined Baidu from Microsoft a year ago, said autonomous vehicles should reduce fatalities on the road, whether caused accidentally or intentionally as an act of terrorism. Pointing to incidents in London and Charlottesville where cars were used intentionally to run down pedestrians, he said: "In the future, these cars won't move if they see a human in front of them -- it doesn't matter who controls the car."
Despite the "overwhelming benefits" of autonomous driving. Mr. Lu said it would not happen without a "log of dialogue" between companies, regulators and politicians. "How we ensure safety, in my view, is going to be journey," he said.
Mr. Lu also said the open nature of Apollo, to which any company can contribute new software coding, would help Baidu navigate regulatory challenges.
"Apollo is created by Baidu but not owned by Baidu," he said. "We fundamentally believe that an open system that cultivates an environment where the best of breed can participate is better than one single company that does it alone."
73. Which of the following is banned by governments all over the world
A. Self-driving cars used as offensive weapons.
B. Vehicles that are capable of moving by itself.
C. Undocumented self-driving car programme.
D. Autonomous cars owned by foreign companies.
74. Baidu's chief operating officer Qi Lu believes ________.
A. self-driving cars can be seen as weapons because they are autonomous
B. some government have strong hostility towards self-driving technology.
C. autonomous technology is advancing faster than regulators can understand.
D. customers can only buy and drive self-driving cars from domestic brands.
75. What is Apollo according to the article
A. Baidu's artificial intelligence project
B. Baidu's electric self-driving car.
C. Baidu's autonomous car software.
D. Baidu's core business of the future.
76. According to Mr. Lu, which feature enables autonomous cars to reduce fatalities on the road
A. They can change direction in accordance with the operator
B. They can avoid any obstacle ahead of them.
C. They can give priority to cars rather than pedestrians.
D. They can stop automatically when detecting a living creature.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. In the upper part of the atmosphere, it will burn up. B. There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see. C. Blowing up older satellites with a missile may create thousands of smaller pieces! D. One reason that it's urgent is that countries are sending more and more objects into space. E. When two objects in space collide, the two objects break into many smaller pieces. F. Years of space exploration have left tons of "space junk" in orbit around the planet.
Many people know that trash is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that trash has become a problem in outer space too. ________77________.
Statistically, there are more than 22,000 pieces of junk in space around the earth. And these are just the items that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes or radars. ________78________
Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to people, particularly astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spacecraft, it could damage the vehicle. That's because the faster an object moves, the greater the impact if the object collides with something else.
To help minimize additional space junk, countries around the world have agreed to limit the time their space tools stay in orbit to 25 years. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere, or the mass of gases that surround the earth, after that. ________79________
Many scientists are also proposing different ways to clean up space junk. The Germans have been planning a space mission with robots that would collect pieces of space trash and bring them back in Earth so that they can be safely destroyed.
"In our opinion the problem is very challenging, and it's quite urgent as well," said Marco Castronuovo, an Italian Space Agency researcher who is working to solve the problem. ________80________ Many of these objects are tools that help people use their cell phones or computers.
"The time to act is now; as we go farther in time we will need to remove more and more fragments," he says.
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
People choose to become entrepreneurs（创业者）for a wide variety of reasons. One important reason is, of course, financial reward. If you own your own business and it becomes successful, you can reap huge financial rewards. And as an entrepreneur, dependent on how much your boss decides to give you; it's limited only by the success of your business. And speaking of bosses, not having a supervisor is another major advantage of becoming an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers who want to be in charge of projects, rather than having others tell them what to do. They often have big dreams that they want to pursue rather than making someone else's dream come true. For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving a problem or helping people receive something they need. It's a way to change the world for the better.
Being an entrepreneur isn't easy, however, nor is it always fun. Entrepreneurs often have to work long hours, especially early on when they're trying to get their businesses off the ground. That's the reason entrepreneurs need to have a strong work ethic（伦理）. Employees can work 40 hours a week and then stop, but for an entrepreneur, there's no end in sight.
That's why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion; they have to be excited about what they're doing to be willing to work hard for it. Entrepreneurs also need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others. That's important for finding investors, getting people to buy products and attracting employees.
Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to problems they encounter. This is important from the very beginning, when the entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business. But even after that initial step, creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to solve problems that come up.
VI. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
82. 就质量而言，这个产品不尽如人意。(concern)
83. 多亏政府采取的措施，几乎所有市民都在疫情(epidemic)中活了下来。(survive)
84. 中国的汽车企业正致力于与成立许久的西方汽车业巨头争夺市场。(commit)
85. 在过去的20年里，中国发生了巨大的变化，但在科技领域还有许多地方亟待改善。(remain)
ⅥI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学的李华，学校校报正在开展关于线上直播课(live-streamed lessons)的讨论。有人举得线上直播课让学习更加灵活，拓展了学习的空间和时间。然而，也有人觉得线上直播课存在缺乏互动、学习效率不高等问题。请投稿给学校校报，就此话题结合个人实际谈谈你的看法。
你的投稿须包含：
1. 你对此话题的看法；
2. 你的个人实际。
参考答案
语法选择
21-25ACBDD 26-30BBCCA
语法填空
31. what 32. because 33. delayed 34. To address 35. after 36. even if
37. have sent 38. the most common 39. can 40. providing
选词填空
41-50 IGEKH ACBJF
完型填空
51-52ACBDA. 56-60DCDAA. 61-65ABDCC
阅读理解
66-69BCDB
70-72CDB
73-76AACD
77-80FBAD