2022年中考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题二 代词（55张ppt）

(共55张PPT)
专题二　代词
总结与预测：从近五年江西中考来看，代词是每年的必考点，主要考查人称代词、复合不定代词及指示代词。对代词的直接考查体现在完形填空A、B中，单项填空考查代词较少。但是阅读理解几乎每年都会涉及代词指代关系题。综合来看，代词在中考备考中需被重视。
人称代词
(必考，物主代词和反身代词)
[考点抢测]
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2020·贵州省安顺中考)After school activities help students gain more skills and teach to care about others.
A．me B． you C．them
C
2．(2020·贵州省黔西南州中考)The dictionary on the desk is .Mine is on the chair over there.
A．yours B． your
C．mine D．my
A
3．(2020·黑龙江哈尔滨中考)—It is raining heavily but I don't have an umbrella with me.
—Don't worry！I have got one.You can share .
A．yours B． ours
C．mine
C
4．(2020·四川乐山中考)—Mary，is that girl in a red skirt our new roommate
—Yes. Let's go and say hello to .
A．she B． hers
C．her
C
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．—Are these (you) pencils
—Yes，they are (our)．
2．Jack has a dog and so do I． (he) and (I) had a fight.
3．Lingling is a girl of seven. studies in a primary school. can dress every morning.(she)
4．We enjoyed (our)during the summer vacation.
your
ours
His
mine
She
She
herself
ourselves
[考点剖析]
一、人称代词(2019、T37；2018、T39&T59；2015、T47)
人称代词有主格和宾格之分。主格在句中作主语和表语；宾格作动词或介词的宾语，也可作表语。
人称代词的人称和数的变化如下：
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
物主代词具体分类如下：
人称 数 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
第一人称 单数形式 my mine
复数形式 our ours
第二人称 单数形式 your yours
复数形式 your yours
人称 数 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
第三人称 单数形式 his his
her hers
its its
复数形式 their theirs
三、反身代词
1．反身代词的单复数形式如下：
数
人称　　　　 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself，herself，itself themselves
2.反身代词的用法
I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.我希望你们能在聚会上玩得开心。(作宾语)
The children made model planes themselves.孩子们自己制作飞机模型。(作同位语)
That poor boy was myself.这个可怜的男孩就是我。(作表语)
3．反身代词的常用词组
teach oneself自学　　　　　 learn by oneself自学
help oneself to随便吃(用) come to oneself苏醒
hurt oneself受伤 by oneself独自
enjoy oneself过得愉快；玩得高兴
不定代词
(2016、2015考，单项填空、完形填空A考查)
[考点抢测]
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2020·山东省滨州中考)—Where did you buy that beautiful hat，from a shop or a supermarket
— .I am used to shopping online.
A．Neither B． Either
C．Both D．None
A
2．(2020·贵州省黔东南州中考)There is milk in the fridge，is there
A．few B． a few
C．little D．a little
C
3．(2020·四川乐山中考)—Have you brought with you？We won't have time to come back.
—Don't worry. All the things we need are here，in this big bag.
A．everything B． something
C．anything
A
4．—I prefer speaking to listening in English learning.
—Oh，really! I think you should be good at of them.
A．both B． neither
C．some D．all
A
5．(2019·呼和浩特中考)—May I help you with some jeans，sir
—Yes.I'd like to try on those blue .
A．one B． pair
C．two D．ones
D
6． may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best.
A．Somebody B． Everybody
C．Nobody D．None
B
7．It snowed heavily this morning，but of us was late for school.
A．both B． all
C．none D．either
C
Ⅱ.选择恰当的单词或词组填空
1．There's time left. We'll be late if we don't hurry.
2．We still have apples at home. We needn't buy any now.
3．There're apples at home. You'd better go and buy some.
4．I still have money，so I can buy apples with it.
little
a few
few
a little
5．Those shoes are too small for me.Would you show me pair
6．There are six people in the room.Three are girls，and three are boys.
7．He is always helping .
8．There are many books in the box.Ten of them are mine，_________
are my sister's.
9．Mr.Liu and Miss Sun and four teachers are teaching this class.
another
the other
others
the others
other
[考点剖析]
不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫作不定代词，兼有名词和形容词的功能，在句中主要用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。
一、普通不定代词
1．初中阶段常见的普通不定代词如下表：
some，any few，little other，another
many，much either，neither none，one
each，every both，all
2.常考的几组易混不定代词辨析
(1)some与any
词汇 用法 例句
some 用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中 Tom has some storybooks.汤姆有一些故事书。Would you like some milk？你想要一些牛奶吗？
any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中 Are there any apples on the tree？树上有苹果吗？There aren't any buses.没有公共汽车。
(2)both，either与neither
词汇 用法 例句
both 表示“两者都” Tom's parents are both doctors.汤姆的父母都是医生。
either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数 Either of the books is interesting.这两本书中的任何一本都很有趣。
neither 表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数 Neither of his friends has come yet.他的朋友都没来。
(3)all，any与none
相同点 均用于三个或三个以上的人或物
不同点 all 指“三个或三个以上的人或物”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，其反义词为none
any 指“三个或三个以上的人或物中的任意一个”，只能作定语
none 指“三个或三个以上的人或物中没有一个(全部否定)”，相当于not any
注意：①no one用来指人，不能接of短语，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
②none不仅指人也可以指物，其后常跟of短语。none代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。如：
None of the information is correct.信息都不正确。
None of the soldiers are (is) afraid of difficulties.战士们都不怕困难。
(4)few，a few和little，a little
few用于否定句，意为“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词；a few用于肯定句，意为“有一点”，修饰可数名词；little用于否定句，意为
“几乎；没有”，修饰不可数名词；a little用于肯定句，意为“有一点”，修饰不可数名词。
(5)each与every
不定代词 用法及意义 例句
each 指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的每一个，意为“每个；各自的” There are trees and flowers on each side of the street.街道的每一边都有树和花。
every 强调整体，表示“每个都”，指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的每一个 Every student has read a poem.每个学生都读了一首诗。
二、复合不定代词(2016、2015考，单项填空、完形填空A考查)
复合不定代词一直是江西中考的常考点，学生对此要熟练掌握。常见的复合不定代词如下：
somebody
(某人) anybody
(任何人) nobody
(没有人) everybody
(每人)
someone
(某人) anyone
(任何人) no one
(没有人) everyone
(每人)
something
(某事) anything
(任何事) nothing
(没有东西) everything
(每一件事)
1.由some构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，也可用于建议或请求的疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答。
2．由any构成的复合不定代词通常用于否定句和疑问句中。
3．复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
4．当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。
指示代词和疑问代词
(2019、2017、2016考，完形填空A/B考查)
[考点抢测]
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2020·黑龙江龙东地区中考)—Lots of people like to give out Hongbao to each other on WeChat.
—That's true.I've just received from my friend.
A．It B． that C．one
C
2．(2020·四川成都中考)Molly，my dictionary is not here.Do you have ？
A．it B． that
C．one
C
3．—I'm tired out after three day work day and night.
— relax yourself Go out and enjoy the natural beauty.
A．Why not B． Why don't
C．What about D．Shall we
A
4．(2019·连云港中考)After the new high speed railway line began operations，the time on the trip from Lianyungang to Qingdao now is much less than in the past.
A．one B． this
C．that D．it
C
5．All of us find necessary to take exercise every day.
A．this B． that
C．them D．it
D
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．— do you like China
—Very much.
2．— do you like about China
—The food and people.
How
What
3．— is Mr. Green
—He is an English teacher.
4．— is Mr. Green
—He is Jim's father.
5．— father is Mr. Green
—Jim's.
What
Who
Whose
6．— man is Mr. Green
—The man on the black bike.
7．— is Mr. Green from
—He's from America.
8．— does Mr. Green look like
—He is tall and thin.
Which
Where
What
9．I don't like this skirt. Show me that .
10．We saw a cow on the farm. is really big.
11．The new skirts are mine. The old are yours.
one
It
ones
12． of them is here. All of them have gone to Shanghai.
13． of his parents is a doctor. They are teachers.
14． Lucy or Lily will go shopping with me. One of them should take care of their little brother.
15．He speaks English nor Japanese. He speaks Chinese.
None
Neither
Either
neither
[考点剖析]
一、指示代词(2019、2017、2016考)
1．指示代词it，one，that，this的用法
代词 用法 例句
it(2017、T44；2016、T47) 特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物 The book is mine.It's very interesting.这本书是我的。它非常有趣。
one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同一 —Who has a novel named The Old Man and the Sea？谁有《老人与海》这本书？
—I have one.我有一本。
代词 用法 例句
that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shenzhen.北京的天气比深圳的天气寒冷。
This
(2019、T53) 常用来指代离自己较近的人或物 This is my friend.这是我的朋友。
2.it的常见用法
it可替代动词不定式作形式主语或宾语，也可用于某些固定句型中。
(1)用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：
①It's＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.如：
It's important for us to work hard.对我们来说努力工作很重要。
②It's time to do/for/that...如：
It's time to get up.到起床的时间了。
It's time for lunch/that we should go home.到吃午饭的时候了。/到回家的时间了。
③It seems that...如：
It seems that he is quite happy.他看起来似乎很高兴。
④It's one's turn to do sth.如：
It's your turn to sing.现在轮到你唱了。
⑤It's＋adj.＋that从句，如：
It is necessary that we students do some reading every day.我们学生每天读书是必要的。
(2)作形式宾语，如：
Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line？你认为学会排队是必要的吗？
I found it important to learn English well.我发现学好英语很重要。
二、疑问代词
疑问代词 主要用法 例句
who 作主语、表语、宾语(作宾语时用于口语中，不能放在介词后) Who wants to go with me？谁想和我一起去？
whom who的宾格形式，作宾语 To whom are you talking？你正在和谁说话？
疑问代词 主要用法 例句
whose who的所有格形式，作表语、定语 Whose book is this？这是谁的书？
what/who what询问某人的职业 —What's your father？你爸爸是干什么的？
—He is a worker.他是一名工人。
who询问某人的身份、姓名 —Who is the boy under the tree？树下的那个男孩是谁？
—He is Li Ming.他是李明。
疑问代词 主要用法 例句
what/
which what指不定数目中的“哪一个；哪些；什么”，没有一定范围的限定 What would you like？你想要什么？
which“哪一个，哪一些”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物 Which one do you like best？你最喜欢哪个？
相对于疑问代词而言，初中阶段还有两个疑问副词经常在考试中出现，学生也应该重点掌握，第一个是how，通常表示方式。另一个是where，表示地点。