21世纪教育网 –全国领先的中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第十五讲 八年级下 Units 5-6
1.自然环境；野生状态 _____________
2.竹子 _____________
3.成年人，成年动物 _____________
4.族群；人口_____________
5.活动方式 _____________
6.肩膀 _____________
7.在中心的，中央的 _____________
8.菜单 _____________
9.残忍的，残酷的 _____________
10.机构，组织_____________
11.危险，风险_____________
12.面对 _____________
13.亚洲的 _____________
14.有……重，重_____________
15.濒危的 _____________
16.档案 _____________
17.义务；责任 _____________
18.重量 _____________
19.千克；公斤_____________
20.出生，诞生 _____________
21.色斑；斑点 _____________
22.(动物的)毛皮_____________
23.造成，引起 _____________
24.巧克力 _____________
25.原因；理由 _____________
26.可爱的 _____________
27.责任 _____________
28.喂养；喂食 _____________
29.根据(……所说) _____________
30.吵闹的_____________
31.几乎;差不多_____________
32.陌生人 _____________
33.通常的；普遍的 _____________
34.选择；抉择_____________
35.躺 _____________
36.注意力；留心 _____________
37.相信 _____________
38.心脏病发作_____________
39.直到……为止 _____________
40.(口头或书面)回答_____________
41.投诉；抱怨(n.) _____________
42.海豚 _____________
43.使发出咔哒声 _____________
44.忠诚地 _____________
45.长沙发 _____________
46.使害怕；使恐惧 _____________
1. 在野生环境中 ________________
2. 多于；超过 ________________
3. 花费时间做某事 _________________
4. 出生时 ________________
5. 独自 ________________
6. 保持健康 ________________
7. 足够……做某事 _________________
8. 砍伐森林 ________________
9. 失去家园 ________________
10. 几乎；接近 ________________
11. 据(……所说) ________________
12. 照顾；照料 ________________
13. 更有甚者；更为重要的是 ________________
14. 除了……别无选择 ______________
15. (动物)四处自由走动；自由自在 ________________
16. 无所事事地混日子；懒散度日 ________________
17. 阻止(或防止、阻碍)某人做某事 ____________________
18. 对……忠诚的 ________________
19. 死于 ________________
20. 继续 ________________
考点1. weight n. 重量
例句：The weight of this elephant is one ton. 这头大象的重量是一吨。
练习：莉莉的体重是多少？
————————————
知识点链接 例句
①lose weight 减肥 李太太每天跑步是为了减肥。Mrs. Li runs every day in order to _________ _________.
②put on weight 增肥；长胖 我的弟弟开始发胖并长高了。My brother is starting to _______ _______ ________ and grow taller.
③weigh v.重；称……的重量 这个称可以用来称大件包裹的重量。This scale can be used __________ __________ large packages.
考点2. responsibility n. 责任
例句：We can learn responsibility from keeping dogs.
我们可以从养狗中学到责任。(8B U6)
练习：Protecting the environment is everyone’s
(responsible).
知识点链接 例句
①take responsibility for… 对……负责 我们需要对自己的健康负责。We need to _______ _______ _______ our own health.
②responsible adj. 负责的be responsible for… 对……负责 迈克负责这座桥的建造。Mike _______ ________ _________the building of the bridge.
考点3. choice n. 选择；抉择
例句：They have no choice but to keep their small dogs in small spaces.
他们别无选择，只能把小狗养在狭小的空间里。 (8B U6)
练习：地铁停了，我们别无选择，只能去坐公交车。
The subway stopped. We but to take the bus.
知识点链接 例句
①make a choice 做出选择 我帮你做个选择吧。Let me help you _______ _______ ________.
②have no choice but to do除了……别无选择 除了接受这份工作，迈克别无选择。Mike has no choice but __________ _________ the job.
③choose v.选择 我建议你选择第二幅画。I advise you _______ _______ the second picture.
形容词的有关句型
1. 句型：It is+adj.+for sb.（n. /pron. ）to do sth.
It is+形容词+for+名词/代词+to do sth.=To do sth +is+形容词+for+名词/代词，意为“做某事对于某人……的”。该句型中的形容词用来描述事物，常见的此类形容词有：difficult，convenient，important，impossible，possible，necessary，easy，hard等。
It’s important for us to learn English well. =To learn English well is important for us.
对于我们来说学好英语很重要。
It’s good for you to get up early. = To get up early is good for you.
早起对你来说是一件好事。
2. 句型：It is+adj.+of sb.(n. /pron. )to do sth.
It is+形容词+of+名词/代词+to do sth. =名词/代词+be+形容词+to do sth.,意为“某人做某事是……的”。该句型中的形容词用来描述不定式行为者的品质、特点等，常见的此类形容词有：nice，kind，polite，rude，clever，good，foolish，wise，wrong，cruel等。
It’s awful of him to smoke in the public. = He is awful to smoke in the public.
他真得很讨厌在公共场所吸烟。
【拓展】for 与of 的辨别方法：
(1)当句中的形容词用来说明人的性格或品质时，我们选用介词of。
It’s rude of you to speak while you eat. = you are rude to speak while you eat.
你边吃饭边说话，很没礼貌。
(2)当句中的形容词用来说明不定式时，我们选用介词for。
It’s very hard for him to study two subjects. = To study two subjects is very hard for him.
对他来说学两门科目是很难的。
3. 句型：adj.+enough+to do sth.
adj.+enough+to do sth. 意为 “足以……去做某事”。enough是副词，修饰前面的形容词，表示程度，enough后面的动词不定式表示结果。
They need several men strong enough to do the work.
他们需要几个足够强壮的人来干这个活儿。
You are old enough to do the work by yourself. 你已经到了独立做事的年龄了。
【拓展】not ... enough to=too ... to 太…以至于不能…
The boy is not old enough to go to school. = The boy is too young to go to school. 这男孩不够年龄，不能去上学。
【典例1】（2021深圳龙岗区八年级下期末）
It is quite important______ you to do a test.
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。根据句意得知“测试一下”是很重要的，it is+形容词+for sb.to do sth.固定句型，某人做某事是...，所以要用for来填空。故填for.
【考点突破】
1. It is very _______ for passengers to use e-tickets when they are taking high-speed trains.
A. peaceful B. basic C. convenient D. natural
2. It’s very kind you to lend me your reusable shopping bags. (2017 广东)
A. of B. for C. to D. with
3. _______ dangerous _______ children to clime high.
A. It is; of B. That is; of C. It is; for D. That is; for
4. The schoolbag is ____ small _____ carry 15 books.
A. too, to B. enough, to C. so, that D. too, for
5. The water in this village is not _______.
A. enough clean to drink B. enough clean drinking
C. clean enough to drink D. clean enough drinking
副词
一、副词的构成：
1. 大多数副词都是在形容词后面加-ly构成，如：quick→quickly，careful→carefully等。
2. 一些不规则副词的构成：
easy→easily heavy→heavily happy→happily full→fully
simple→simply terrible→terribly gentle→gently
3. 少数副词和形容词的形式相同，常见的有：late, hard， fast， far， near， well， high， low， much， only， enough， early等。
He came in the late afternoon. 他在下午晚些时候来的。(late用作形容词)
The birthday card arrived three days late. 生日贺卡晚到了三天。(late用作副词)
二、副词的用法：
1. 副词修饰动词。
Please listen to me carefully.请仔细听我说。
2. 副词修饰形容词。
He is very smart.他很聪明。
3. 副词修饰其他副词或全句，用作状语。
Luckily, he was not badly hurt.幸运的是,他伤得不是太重。
He does very well in English. 他很擅长英语。
三、副词的比较级和最高级：
1. 副词比较级和最高级形式的构成：
(1)单音节副词和个别双音节副词通过加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高级。
如：fast→faster→(the) fastest，small→smaller→(the) smallest等。
(2)绝大多数双音节和多音节副词借助“more+副词”构成比较级，“most+副词”构成最高级。
如：slowly→more slowly→(the) most slowly等。(注意：副词最高级前可以加the,也可以省略。)
(3)少数副词的比较级、最高级为不规则变化。如：
原级 比较级 最高级
well better best
much more most
little less least
badly worse worst
farfarther/further farthest/fur thest
2. 副词的比较级和最高级的用法：
副词的比较级和最高级的用法与形容词的比较级和最高级的用法基本相同，且副词的比较级前也可以用表示程度的副词(如a bit, a little, a lot, much，far, even等)来修饰。
The students study even harder than before. 学生们学习比以前更努力了。
It rains a little more heavily now. 现在雨下得更大了一些。
【典例1】（2021广州白云区二模）
________later, while going through her things, my dad found a box full of letters from me.
A. Sometimes B. Sometime C. Some time D. Some times
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查副词。副词辨析．A.Sometimes有时；B.Sometime某个时间；C.Some time一段时间；D.Some times有时；根据句意，过了一段时间，爸爸在翻她的东西时，发现了一个装满我来信的盒子。故选：C。
【典例2】(2020 深圳中考)
Hearing this，the boy __________ (happy) counted the number of the birds in the cage．
【答案】happily
【解析】考查副词．根据空格后面的词语是动词"counted "所以要用happy的副词形式修饰动词counted，译为 "快乐地数着"，故填happily．
【考点突破】
1. (2021深圳市南山区九年级上期末) The job is ________(especial) challenging because the whales are so large.
2. (2021深圳市宝安区中考英语二模试卷) Researchers from Harvard and MIT are working ________on a mask that can test the coronavirus.
A. hardly B. hard C. easily D. difficultly
3. (2021深圳龙华区一模) That is the meaning of being a volunteer. It is _______an easy job. However, we meet different people and are often moved by their spirit.
A. never B. usually C. always D. sometimes
4. (2021深圳福田区二模) “The spirit of ox” remains _________ (high) valued by Chinese people.
5. (2021深圳南山区二模)_________ (probable) there was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty.
一、按要求完成下列各题
i. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It is kind of the lady _______ (lead) me to the post office.
2. It is necessary for people _________ (know) the importance of protecting animals.
3. The house is big enough for the six people _______ (live) in.
4. The girl is not tall enough _______ (get) on the elephant.
5. He is too young _______ (learn) a foreign language.
ii. 根据汉语意思补全句子，每空一词。
6. 吃早餐对我们来说很重要。
It is important __________ us ______ _____ breakfast.
7. 你能来看我，真是太友好了。
It is very kind _______ you ______ ______ to see me.
8. 他足够聪明，可以完成这项任务。
He is _____ _______ ______ ________the task.
9. 那个节目不够有意思，不能吸引我。
The programme is _____ __________ _______ ______ _______ me.
10. 她钢琴弹得足够好，可以成为一位钢琴家。
She plays the piano _______ _______ _____ _______ a pianist.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Imaginary things can sometimes create excitement _____________ (easily)than real ones.
2. Cornelius and Rosa grew their flowers ____________ (quickly)and they won the competition.
3. The book was extremely successful and sold________ (fast)than any of Dumas’s other works.
4. I can write ________________ (beautifully)than the others in our class.
5. Trees live________________ (long)of all living things on Earth.
6. I felt even ___________ (ill)than yesterday.
7. My mother cooks ____________ (well)than me.
8. He plays the violin ______________ (badly)of all our students.
9. Lucy reads _____________ (much)in her class.
10. Which do you like ___________ (good), basketball or football
三、语法填空
A
Animals are our friends. It’s important for human 1. ___________ (being ) to protect wild animals on Earth. 2. ___________, some people still don’t realize that. Wild animals 3. ___________ (kill) for their fur or meat. It’s cruel 4. ________ some people to do that. So it’s 5. _________ (use) for all the people to take action to protect animals.
First, all the people should realize the 6. ___________ (important) of wild animals. They are part of the Earth and it’s right for people to make friends with them. Second, it is helpful for the government to make laws to stop people from 7. ___________ (kill) wild animals. In this way, the world is safe enough for animals 8. _______ (live) in.
Animals are 9. _______ (we) friends and they should live in harmony with human beings. 10. ________ we don’t protect them, we will also disappear in this world. Therefore, we should pay much more attention to them.
B
How much do you know about a guide dog How does 1. _________ guide dog help blind people Since 1May, 2015, Beijing has started to allow blind people 2. _________ (take) guide dogs onto the subway. Sometimes, they play with you like common pet dogs.
3. ________ as soon as they wear their special coat, it’s time to start the work. They are guide dogs and they help blind people 4. ___________ a lot of things. Those dogs are smart and have a good temper.
To help blind people, dogs need to learn many 5. ___________ (skill) and pass tests. At the age of one year old, dogs 6. ___________ (train) at schools. There, they learn skills such as finding and following a clear road quickly, moving around obstacles (障碍物) 7. _________ (easy). They also need to learn an important lesson known as “intelligent disobedience (智能抗命)”. For example, blind people ask the dog to go forward when 8. ___________ (cross) a road. But 9. ___________ the dog knows that a car is coming, it will not move until it is safe.
Guide dogs retire at about ten years old. Some of them stay at their 10. ___________ (owner) homes and become their pets, others may go back to training schools and live there.
四、单项选择
1. It's nice of you _________ me with my English.
A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped
2. Jim is strong enough ___________ the box.
A. to carry B. carry C. carrying D. carried
3. He spent much time _________ different sports to keep fit.
A. to do B. do C. doing D. to doing
4. An adult panda _________ 100-150 kilograms. That is to say, its _________ is 100-150 kilograms.
A. weight; weight B. weighs; weighs C. weight; weigh D. weighs; weight
5. ______ is the population of China
A. How much B. How many C. What D. Which
6. Tom kept talking in class yesterday_________I stopped him.
A. until B. since C. because D. if
7. --- Guo Yue did quite _________at the World Table Tennis Championship.
--- But Zhang Yining did even _________.
A. good; best B. well: best C. well; better D. good; better
8. All the students are talking and laughing in the classroom and it's _________.
A. noisy B. lonely C. quiet D. strict
9. _________some water every morning _________ a good habit.
A. Drinking; are B. Drink; is C. Drinking; is D. To drink; are
10. In order to make few mistakes, you need a lot of _________ in the exam.
A. attentions B. behaviours C. behavior D. attention
五、根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。
1. Pandas like to eat b________.
2. These films are for a_______, not for children.
3. You can choose any food listed on the m_______________.
4. The Red Cross is an international o___________.
5. I am clearly aware of the difficulties we f____.
6. Firstly, praise your child for good b__________.
7. The dog is b______ loudly. What’s up
8. Not all animals are friendly. Some will a________ people.
9. My dad has a twin brother, but they have nothing in c________.
10. They are sitting on the s___________, watching TV.
六、根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。
1. 迈克已经能够自己上学了。
Mike is old enough to go to school___________ ___________ ___________.
2. 那个婴儿出生时体重为3.5 公斤。
The baby weighed 3.5 kilos___________ ________.
3. 实际利率接近于0。
The real interest rate is ____________ ___________zero.
4. 在非洲,有很多人死于饥饿。
Many people hunger ___________ ___________in Africa.
5. 昨天那场球赛直到下午四点才开始。
The football match ____________start ___________4 p.m.yesterday.
6. 虽然他们很累,但是他们仍然继续工作。
Though they were tired, they still _________ ___________ working.
7. 我需要你照顾一下我的宠物。
I need you to ________ ____________my pet.
8. 你应该记住它,更重要的是,应该明白它的意思。
You should remember it, and, you _________ ________ should understand its meaning.
9. 我没别的办法,只好听我父母的。
I have ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________listen to my parents.
10. 你最好不要让你的孩子夜间外出。
You’d better _________your child _________going out at night.
11. 他们忠诚于自己的国家。
They were _________ ___________their country.
12. 即使在上班时,他也是懒散度日。
Even at work, he ________ ________as well.
重点单词
重点短语
语言考点梳理
语法精讲精练
目标导练
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中考一轮复习
牛津版（深圳广州）
第十五讲 八年级下Units 5--6
1.自然环境；野生状态 _____________
2.竹子 _____________
3.成年人，成年动物 _____________
4.族群；人口 _____________
5.活动方式 _____________
6.肩膀 _____________
bamboo
adult
population
behaviour
shoulder
wild
重点单词
7.在中心的，中央的 _____________
8.菜单 _____________
9.残忍的，残酷的 _____________
10.机构，组织 _____________
11.危险，风险 _____________
12.面对 _____________
13.亚洲的 _____________
central
menu
cruel
organization
danger
face
Asian
14.有……重，重 _____________
15.濒危的 _____________
16.档案 _____________
17.义务；责任 _____________
18.重量 _____________
19.千克；公斤 _____________
20.出生，诞生 _____________
weigh
endangered
file
obligation
weight
kilogram
birth
21.色斑；斑点 _____________
22.(动物的)毛皮 _____________
23.造成，引起 _____________
24.巧克力 _____________
25.原因；理由 _____________
26.可爱的 _____________
27.责任 _____________
patch
fur
chocolate
reason
cute
responsibility
cause
28.喂养；喂食 _____________
29.根据(……所说) _____________
30.吵闹的 _____________
31.几乎;差不多 _____________
32.陌生人 _____________
33.通常的；普遍的 _____________
34.选择；抉择 _____________
feed
according
noisy
nearly
stranger
common
choice
35.躺 _____________
36.注意力；留心 _____________
37.相信 _____________
38.心脏病发作 _____________
39.直到……为止 _____________
40.(口头或书面)回答 _____________
41.投诉；抱怨(n.) _____________
lie
attention
believe
heart attack
until
respond
complaint
42.海豚 _____________
43.使发出咔哒声 _____________
44.忠诚地 _____________
45.长沙发 _____________
46.使害怕；使恐惧 _____________
dolphin
click
faithfully
sofa
scare
1. 在野生环境中 ________________
2. 多于；超过 ________________
3. 花费时间做某事 ____________________
4. 出生时 ________________
5. 独自 ________________
6. 保持健康 ________________
in the wild
more than
spend time doing sth.
at birth
on one’s own
stay healthy
重点短语
7. 足够……做某事 ____________________
8. 砍伐森林 ________________
9. 失去家园 ________________
10. 几乎；接近 ________________
11. 据(……所说) ________________
12. 照顾；照料 ________________
13. 更有甚者；更为重要的是 ________________
… enough to do sth.
cut down forests
lose one’s home
close to
according to
care for
what’s more
14. 除了……别无选择 ________________________
15. (动物)四处自由走动；自由自在 ________________
16. 无所事事地混日子；懒散度日 ________________
17. 阻止(或防止、阻碍)某人做某事 ____________________
18. 对……忠诚的 ________________
19. 死于 ________________
20. 继续 ________________
have no choice but to do
run free
lie around
keep sb. from (doing) sth.
(be) faithful to ..
die of
keep on
考点1. weight n.重量
例句：The weight of this elephant is one ton.
这头大象的重量是一吨。
练习：莉莉的体重是多少？
————————————
What is Lily’s weight
语言考点梳理
知识点链接 例句
①lose weight 减肥 李太太每天跑步是为了减肥。
Mrs. Li runs every day in order to
.
②put on weight 增肥；长胖 我的弟弟开始发胖并长高了。
My brother is starting
to and grow taller.
lose weight
put on weight
知识点链接 例句
③weigh v. 重；称……的重量 这个称可以用来称大件包裹的重量。
This scale can be used .
large packages.
to weight
考点2. responsibility n.责任
例句：We can learn responsibility from keeping dogs.
我们可以从养狗中学到责任。(8B U6)
练习：Protecting the environment is everyone’s
(responsible).
responsibility
知识点链接 例句
①take responsibility for… 对……负责 我们需要对自己的健康负责。
We need to .
our own health.
②responsible adj. 负责的 be responsible for… 对……负责 迈克负责这座桥的建造。
Mike .
the building of the bridge.
take responsibility
for
is responsible for
考点3. choice n.选择；抉择
例句：They have no choice but to keep their small dogs
in small spaces.他们别无选择，只能把小狗养在狭小的空间里。 (8B U6)
练习：地铁停了，我们别无选择，只能去坐公交车。
The subway stopped. We .
but to take the bus.
had no
choice
知识点链接 例句
①make a choice 做出选择 我帮你做个选择吧。
Let me help you .
②have no choice but to do 除了……别无选择 除了接受这份工作，迈克别无选择。
Mike has no choice but ________
the job.
③choose v.选择 我建议你选择第二幅画。
I advise you the second picture.
make a choice
to
to choose
accept/take
形容词的有关句型
1. 句型：It is+adj.+for sb.（n. /pron. ）to do sth.
It is+形容词+for+名词/代词+to do sth.=To do sth?+is+形容词+for+名词/代词，意为“做某事对于某人……的”。
语法精讲精练
该句型中的形容词用来描述事物，常见的此类形容词有：difficult，convenient，important，impossible，possible，necessary，easy，hard等。
It’s important for us to learn English well. =To learn English well is important for us. 对于我们来说学好英语很重要。
It’s good for you to get up early. = To get up early is good for you. 早起对你来说是一件好事。
2. 句型：It is+adj.+of sb.(n. /pron. )to do sth.
It is+形容词+of+名词/代词+to do sth. =名词/代词+be+形容词+to do sth.,意为“某人做某事是……的”。
该句型中的形容词用来描述不定式行为者的品质、特点等，常见的此类形容词有：nice，kind，polite，rude，clever，good，foolish，wise，wrong，cruel等。
It’s awful of him to smoke in the public. = He is awful to smoke in the public. 他真得很讨厌在公共场所吸烟。
【拓展】for 与of 的辨别方法：
(1)当句中的形容词用来说明人的性格或品质时，我们选用介词of。
It’s rude of you to speak while you eat. = you are rude to speak while you eat. 你边吃饭边说话，很没礼貌。
（2)当句中的形容词用来说明不定式时，我们选用介词for。
It’s very hard for him to study two subjects. = To study two subjects is very hard for him.对他来说学两门科目是很难的。
3. 句型：adj.+enough+to do sth.
adj.+enough+to do sth. 意为 “足以……去做某事”。
enough是副词，修饰前面的形容词，表示程度，enough后面的动词不定式表示结果。
They need several men strong enough to do the work.
他们需要几个足够强壮的人来干这个活儿。
You are old enough to do the work by yourself.
你已经到了独立做事的年龄了。
【拓展】not ... enough to=too ... to 太…以至于不能…
The boy is not old enough to go to school. = The boy is too young to go to school. 这男孩不够年龄，不能去上学。
【典例1】（2021深圳龙岗区八年级下期末）
It is quite important______ you to do a test.
for
It’s+adj.+of/for sb. to do sth.
A new study shows that many runners find it to
run in winter than in summer.
A. easy B. easier C. easily D. more easily
【解析】本题考查形容词的比较级。根据后面的than可知此处应用比较级，因此排除A、C选项。并根据find it+adj.+to do sth.可知此处应用形容词。故答案为B。
【考点突破】
B
2. --- You are not _______ to carry the box.
--- But I think I can.
A. weak enough B. enough weak
C. strong enough D. enough strong
【解析】enough修饰形容词或副词时放在所修饰词的后面。由答语“但我认为我可以”可知答案选D。
D
3. _______ dangerous _______ children to clime high.
A. It is; of B. That is; of
C. It is; for D. That is; for
【解析】考查固定句型It’s+adj.+of/for sb. to do sth.的用法。dangerous修饰的是事件，不是人，故选C。
C
4. The schoolbag is ____ small _____ carry 15 books.
A. too, to B. enough, to
C. so, that D. too, for
【解析】D 答案的搭配不对，先排除。too..to 太…而不能；enough…to足够…; so…that…如此…以至于，根据句意，答案选A。
A
5. The water in this village is not _______.
A. enough clean to drink B. enough clean drinking
C. clean enough to drink D. clean enough drinking
【解析】 enough修饰形容词或副词时放在所修饰词的后面。adj.+enough+to do sth. 意为 “足以……去做某事”，故答案选C。
C
副词
一、副词的构成：
1. 大多数副词都是在形容词后面加-ly构成，如： quick→quickly，careful→carefully等。
2. 一些不规则副词的构成：
easy→easily heavy→heavily happy→happily full→fully simple→simply terrible→terribly
3. 少数副词和形容词的形式相同，常见的有：late, hard， fast， far， near， well， high， low， much， only， enough， early等。
He came in the late afternoon. 他在下午晚些时候来的。(late用作形容词)
The birthday card arrived three days late. 生日贺卡晚到了三天。(late用作副词)
二、副词的用法：
1. 副词修饰动词。
Please listen to me carefully.请仔细听我说。
2. 副词修饰形容词。
He is very smart.他很聪明。
3. 副词修饰其他副词或全句，用作状语。
Luckily, he was not badly hurt.
幸运的是,他伤得不是太重。
He does very well in English. 他很擅长英语。
三、副词的比较级和最高级：
1. 副词比较级和最高级形式的构成：
(1)单音节副词和个别双音节副词通过加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高级。
如：fast→faster→(the) fastest，small→smaller→(the) smallest等。
(2)绝大多数双音节和多音节副词借助“more+副词”构成比较级，“most+副词”构成最高级。
如：slowly→more slowly→(the) most slowly等。(注意：副词最高级前可以加the,也可以省略。)
(3)少数副词的比较级、最高级为不规则变化。如：
原级 比较级 最高级
well better best
much more most
little less least
badly worse worst
farfarther/further farthest/fur thest
2. 副词的比较级和最高级的用法：
副词的比较级和最高级的用法与形容词的比较级和最高级的用法基本相同，且副词的比较级前也可以用表示程度的副词(如a bit, a little, a lot, much，far, even等)来修饰。
The students study even harder than before.
学生们学习比以前更努力了。
It rains a little more heavily now.
现在雨下得更大了一些。
【典例1】（2021广州白云区二模）
________later, while going through her things, my dad found a box full of letters from me.
A. Sometimes B. Sometime
C. Some time D. Some times
C
A. Sometimes有时；B. Sometime某个时间；
C. Some time一段时间；D. Some times有时
【典例2】(2020 深圳中考)
Hearing this，the boy __________ (happy) counted the number of the birds in the cage．
happy的副词形式修饰动词counted
happily
【考点突破】
1. (2021深圳市南山区九年级上期末)
The job is __________(especial) challenging because the whales are so large.
【解析】考查副词．提供词是形容词；空后是形容词，所以应该用其副词形式填入，加强语气，故答案为especially.
especially
2. (2021深圳市宝安区中考英语二模试卷)
Researchers from Harvard and MIT are working ________on a mask that can test the coronavirus.
A. hardly B. hard
C. easily D. difficultly
【解析】考查副词。A. hardly几乎不 B. hard努力 C. easily容易地 D. difficultly困难地，根据句意：来自哈佛大学和麻省理工学院的科学家正在努力研制一种面具。work hard努力工作。故选B.
B
3. (2021深圳龙华区一模)
That is the meaning of being a volunteer. It is _______ an easy job. However, we meet different people and are often moved by their spirit.
A. never B. usually C. always D. sometimes
【解析】副词辨析。A.never从不；B.usually通常；C.always总是；D.sometimes有时。根据文章作者的经历可知作为一名志愿者从来都不是一件容易的事情，然而，我们遇到不同的人，常常被他们的精神所感动。故选：A。
A
4. (2021深圳福田区二模)
“The spirit of ox” remains _________ (high) valued by Chinese people.
【解析】考查副词。应填副词highly,作为状语，表示"高度地"。句意：牛的精神仍然被中国人民高度重视。故填highly.
highly
5. (2021深圳南山区二模)
_________ (probable) there was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty.
【解析】考查副词。句意：可能早在宋朝就有外卖了。根据句式，设空处应用副词形式修饰全句，且注意句首的单词首字母应大写。故填Probably。
Probably
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第十五讲 八年级下 Units 5-6
1.自然环境；野生状态 wild
2.竹子 bamboo
3.成年人，成年动物 adult
4.族群；人口 population
5.活动方式 behaviour
6.肩膀 shoulder
7.在中心的，中央的 central
8.菜单 menu
9.残忍的，残酷的 cruel
10.机构，组织organization
11.危险，风险 danger
12.面对 face
13.亚洲的 Asian
14.有……重，重 weigh
15.濒危的 endangered
16.档案 file
17.义务；责任 obligation
18.重量 weight
19.千克；公斤 kilogram
20.出生，诞生 birth
21.色斑；斑点patch
22.(动物的)毛皮 fur
23.造成，引起 cause
24.巧克力 chocolate
25.原因；理由 reason
26.可爱的 cute
27.责任 responsibility
28.喂养；喂食 feed
29.根据(……所说)according
30.吵闹的 noisy
31.几乎;差不多 nearly
32.陌生人 stranger
33.通常的；普遍的 common
34.选择；抉择choice
35.躺 lie
36.注意力；留心 attention
37.相信 believe
38.心脏病发作 heart attack
39.直到……为止 until
40.(口头或书面)回答 respond
41.投诉；抱怨(n.) complaint
42.海豚 dolphin
43.使发出咔哒声 click
44.忠诚地 faithfully
45.长沙发 sofa
46.使害怕；使恐惧 scare
1. 在野生环境中 in the wild
2. 多于；超过 more than
3. 花费时间做某事 spend time doing sth.
4. 出生时 at birth
5. 独自 on one’s own
6. 保持健康 stay healthy
7. 足够……做某事 enough to do sth.
8. 砍伐森林 cut down forests
9. 失去家园 lose one’s home
10. 几乎；接近 close to
11. 据(……所说) according to
12. 照顾；照料 care for
13. 更有甚者；更为重要的是 what’s more
14. 除了……别无选择 have no choice but to do
15. (动物)四处自由走动；自由自在 run free
16. 无所事事地混日子；懒散度日 lie around
17. 阻止(或防止、阻碍)某人做某事 keep sb. from doing sth.
18. 对……忠诚的 be faithful to…
19. 死于 die of
20. 继续 keep on
考点1. weight n. 重量
例句：The weight of this elephant is one ton. 这头大象的重量是一吨。
练习：莉莉的体重是多少？
What is Lily’s weight
知识点链接 例句
①lose weight 减肥 李太太每天跑步是为了减肥。Mrs. Li runs every day in order to lose weight.
②put on weight 增肥；长胖 我的弟弟开始发胖并长高了。My brother is starting to put on weight and grow taller.
③weigh v.重；称……的重量 这个称可以用来称大件包裹的重量。This scale can be used to weight large packages.
考点2. responsibility n.责任
例句：We can learn responsibility from keeping dogs.
我们可以从养狗中学到责任。(8B U6)
练习：Protecting the environment is everyone’s responsibility(responsible).
知识点链接 例句
①take responsibility for… 对……负责 我们需要对自己的健康负责。We need to take responsibility for our own health.
②responsible adj. 负责的be responsible for… 对……负责 迈克负责这座桥的建造。Mike is responsible for the building of the bridge.
考点3. choice n.选择；抉择
例句：They have no choice but to keep their small dogs in small spaces.
他们别无选择，只能把小狗养在狭小的空间里。 (8B U6)
练习：地铁停了，我们别无选择，只能去坐公交车。
The subway stopped. We had no choice but to take the bus.
知识点链接 例句
①make a choice 做出选择 我帮你做个选择吧。Let me help you make a choice.
②have no choice but to do除了……别无选择 除了接受这份工作，迈克别无选择。Mike has no choice but to accept/take the job.
③choose v.选择 我建议你选择第二幅画。I advise you to choose the second picture.
形容词的有关句型
1. 句型：It is+adj.+for sb.（n. /pron. ）to do sth.
It is+形容词+for+名词/代词+to do sth.=To do sth +is+形容词+for+名词/代词，意为“做某事对于某人……的”。该句型中的形容词用来描述事物，常见的此类形容词有：difficult，convenient，important，impossible，possible，necessary，easy，hard等。
It’s important for us to learn English well. =To learn English well is important for us.
对于我们来说学好英语很重要。
It’s good for you to get up early. = To get up early is good for you.
早起对你来说是一件好事。
2. 句型：It is+adj.+of sb.(n. /pron. )to do sth.
It is+形容词+of+名词/代词+to do sth. =名词/代词+be+形容词+to do sth.,意为“某人做某事是……的”。该句型中的形容词用来描述不定式行为者的品质、特点等，常见的此类形容词有：nice，kind，polite，rude，clever，good，foolish，wise，wrong，cruel等。
It’s awful of him to smoke in the public. = He is awful to smoke in the public.
他真得很讨厌在公共场所吸烟。
【拓展】for 与of 的辨别方法：
(1)当句中的形容词用来说明人的性格或品质时，我们选用介词of。
It’s rude of you to speak while you eat. = you are rude to speak while you eat.
你边吃饭边说话，很没礼貌。
(2)当句中的形容词用来说明不定式时，我们选用介词for。
It’s very hard for him to study two subjects. = To study two subjects is very hard for him.
对他来说学两门科目是很难的。
3. 句型：adj.+enough+to do sth.
adj.+enough+to do sth. 意为 “足以……去做某事”。enough是副词，修饰前面的形容词，表示程度，enough后面的动词不定式表示结果。
They need several men strong enough to do the work.
他们需要几个足够强壮的人来干这个活儿。
You are old enough to do the work by yourself. 你已经到了独立做事的年龄了。
【拓展】not ... enough to=too ... to 太…以至于不能…
The boy is not old enough to go to school. = The boy is too young to go to school. 这男孩不够年龄，不能去上学。
【典例1】（2021深圳龙岗区八年级下期末）
It is quite important______ you to do a test.
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。根据句意得知“测试一下”是很重要的，it is+形容词+for sb.to do sth.固定句型，某人做某事是...，所以要用for来填空。故填for.
【考点突破】
1. It is very _______ for passengers to use e-tickets when they are taking high-speed trains.
A. peaceful B. basic C. convenient D. natural
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。peaceful 和平的;basic基本的;convenient便利的;natural 自然的。此处表示乘客使用电子票乘高铁非常方便。故答案为C。
2. It’s very kind you to lend me your reusable shopping bags. (2017 广东)
A. of B. for C. to D. with
【答案】A
【解析】句意：你能借给我你的环保购物袋真是太好了。考查固定句型It’s+adj.+of/for sb. to do sth.的用法。C和D项搭配错误。根据kind可知选A。
3. _______ dangerous _______ children to clime high.
A. It is; of B. That is; of C. It is; for D. That is; for
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定句型It’s+adj.+of/for sb. to do sth.的用法。dangerous修饰的是事件，不是人，故选C。
4. The schoolbag is ____ small _____ carry 15 books.
A. too, to B. enough, to C. so, that D. too, for
【答案】A
【解析】答案的搭配不对，先排除。too..to 太…而不能；enough…to足够…; so…that…如此…以至于，根据句意，答案选A。
5. The water in this village is not _______.
A. enough clean to drink B. enough clean drinking
C. clean enough to drink D. clean enough drinking
【答案】C
【解析】enough修饰形容词或副词时放在所修饰词的后面。adj.+enough+to do sth. 意为 “足以……去做某事”，故答案选C。
副词
一、副词的构成：
1. 大多数副词都是在形容词后面加-ly构成，如：quick→quickly，careful→carefully等。
2. 一些不规则副词的构成：
easy→easily heavy→heavily happy→happily full→fully
simple→simply terrible→terribly gentle→gently
3. 少数副词和形容词的形式相同，常见的有：late, hard， fast， far， near， well， high， low， much， only， enough， early等。
He came in the late afternoon. 他在下午晚些时候来的。(late用作形容词)
The birthday card arrived three days late. 生日贺卡晚到了三天。(late用作副词)
二、副词的用法：
1. 副词修饰动词。
Please listen to me carefully.请仔细听我说。
2. 副词修饰形容词。
He is very smart.他很聪明。
3. 副词修饰其他副词或全句，用作状语。
Luckily, he was not badly hurt.幸运的是,他伤得不是太重。
He does very well in English. 他很擅长英语。
三、副词的比较级和最高级：
1. 副词比较级和最高级形式的构成：
(1)单音节副词和个别双音节副词通过加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高级。
如：fast→faster→(the) fastest，small→smaller→(the) smallest等。
(2)绝大多数双音节和多音节副词借助“more+副词”构成比较级，“most+副词”构成最高级。
如：slowly→more slowly→(the) most slowly等。(注意：副词最高级前可以加the,也可以省略。)
(3)少数副词的比较级、最高级为不规则变化。如：
原级 比较级 最高级
well better best
much more most
little less least
badly worse worst
farfarther/further farthest/fur thest
2. 副词的比较级和最高级的用法：
副词的比较级和最高级的用法与形容词的比较级和最高级的用法基本相同，且副词的比较级前也可以用表示程度的副词(如a bit, a little, a lot, much，far, even等)来修饰。
The students study even harder than before. 学生们学习比以前更努力了。
It rains a little more heavily now. 现在雨下得更大了一些。
【典例1】（2021广州白云区二模）
________later, while going through her things, my dad found a box full of letters from me.
A. Sometimes B. Sometime C. Some time D. Some times
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查副词。副词辨析．A.Sometimes有时；B.Sometime某个时间；C.Some time一段时间；D.Some times有时；根据句意，过了一段时间，爸爸在翻她的东西时，发现了一个装满我来信的盒子。故选：C。
【典例2】(2020 深圳中考)
Hearing this，the boy __________ (happy) counted the number of the birds in the cage．
【答案】happily
【解析】考查副词．根据空格后面的词语是动词"counted "所以要用happy的副词形式修饰动词counted，译为 "快乐地数着"，故填happily．
【考点突破】
1. (2021深圳市南山区九年级上期末) The job is ________(especial) challenging because the whales are so large.
【答案】especially
【解析】考查副词．提供词是形容词；空后是形容词，所以应该用其副词形式填入，加强语气，故答案为especially.
2. (2021深圳市宝安区中考英语二模试卷) Researchers from Harvard and MIT are working ________on a mask that can test the coronavirus.
A. hardly B. hard C. easily D. difficultly
【答案】B
【解析】考查副词。A. hardly几乎不 B. hard努力 C. easily容易地 D. difficultly困难地，根据句意：来自哈佛大学和麻省理工学院的科学家正在努力研制一种面具。work hard努力工作。故选B.
3. (2021深圳龙华区一模) That is the meaning of being a volunteer. It is _______an easy job. However, we meet different people and are often moved by their spirit.
A. never B. usually C. always D. sometimes
【答案】A
【解析】副词辨析。A.never从不；B.usually通常；C.always总是；D.sometimes有时。根据文章作者的经历可知作为一名志愿者从来都不是一件容易的事情，然而，我们遇到不同的人，常常被他们的精神所感动。故选：A。
4. (2021深圳福田区二模) “The spirit of ox” remains _________ (high) valued by Chinese people.
【答案】highly
【解析】考查副词。应填副词highly,作为状语，表示"高度地"。句意：牛的精神仍然被中国人民高度重视。故填highly.
5. (2021深圳南山区二模)_________ (probable) there was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty.
【答案】Probably
【解析】考查副词。句意：可能早在宋朝就有外卖了。根据句式，设空处应用副词形式修饰全句，且注意句首的单词首字母应大写。故填Probably。
一、按要求完成下列各题
i. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It is kind of the lady _______ (lead) me to the post office.
2. It is necessary for people _________ (know) the importance of protecting animals.
3. The house is big enough for the six people _______ (live) in.
4. The girl is not tall enough _______ (get) on the elephant.
5. He is too young _______ (learn) a foreign language.
ii. 根据汉语意思补全句子，每空一词。
6. 吃早餐对我们来说很重要。
It is important __________ us ______ _____ breakfast.
7. 你能来看我，真是太友好了。
It is very kind _______ you ______ ______ to see me.
8. 他足够聪明，可以完成这项任务。
He is _____ _______ ______ ________the task.
9. 那个节目不够有意思，不能吸引我。
The programme is _____ __________ _______ ______ _______ me.
10. 她钢琴弹得足够好，可以成为一位钢琴家。
She plays the piano _______ _______ _____ _______ a pianist.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Imaginary things can sometimes create excitement _____________ (easily)than real ones.
2. Cornelius and Rosa grew their flowers ____________ (quickly)and they won the competition.
3. The book was extremely successful and sold________ (fast)than any of Dumas’s other works.
4. I can write ________________ (beautifully)than the others in our class.
5. Trees live________________ (long)of all living things on Earth.
6. I felt even ___________ (ill)than yesterday.
7. My mother cooks ____________ (well)than me.
8. He plays the violin ______________ (badly)of all our students.
9. Lucy reads _____________ (much)in her class.
10. Which do you like ___________ (good), basketball or football
三、语法填空
A
Animals are our friends. It’s important for human 1. ___________ (being ) to protect wild animals on Earth. 2. ___________, some people still don’t realize that. Wild animals 3. ___________ (kill) for their fur or meat. It’s cruel 4. ________ some people to do that. So it’s 5. _________ (use) for all the people to take action to protect animals.
First, all the people should realize the 6. ___________ (important) of wild animals. They are part of the Earth and it’s right for people to make friends with them. Second, it is helpful for the government to make laws to stop people from 7. ___________ (kill) wild animals. In this way, the world is safe enough for animals 8. _______ (live) in.
Animals are 9. _______ (we) friends and they should live in harmony with human beings. 10. ________ we don’t protect them, we will also disappear in this world. Therefore, we should pay much more attention to them.
B
How much do you know about a guide dog How does 1. _________ guide dog help blind people Since 1May, 2015, Beijing has started to allow blind people 2. _________ (take) guide dogs onto the subway. Sometimes, they play with you like common pet dogs.
3. ________ as soon as they wear their special coat, it’s time to start the work. They are guide dogs and they help blind people 4. ___________ a lot of things. Those dogs are smart and have a good temper.
To help blind people, dogs need to learn many 5. ___________ (skill) and pass tests. At the age of one year old, dogs 6. ___________ (train) at schools. There, they learn skills such as finding and following a clear road quickly, moving around obstacles (障碍物) 7. _________ (easy). They also need to learn an important lesson known as “intelligent disobedience (智能抗命)”. For example, blind people ask the dog to go forward when 8. ___________ (cross) a road. But 9. ___________ the dog knows that a car is coming, it will not move until it is safe.
Guide dogs retire at about ten years old. Some of them stay at their 10. ___________ (owner) homes and become their pets, others may go back to training schools and live there.
四、单项选择
1. It's nice of you _________ me with my English.
A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped
2. Jim is strong enough ___________ the box.
A. to carry B. carry C. carrying D. carried
3. He spent much time _________ different sports to keep fit.
A. to do B. do C. doing D. to doing
4. An adult panda _________ 100-150 kilograms. That is to say, its _________ is 100-150 kilograms.
A. weight; weight B. weighs; weighs C. weight; weigh D. weighs; weight
5. ______ is the population of China
A. How much B. How many C. What D. Which
6. Tom kept talking in class yesterday _________ I stopped him.
A. until B. since C. because D. if
7. --- Guo Yue did quite _________at the World Table Tennis Championship.
--- But Zhang Yining did even _________.
A. good; best B. well: best C. well; better D. good; better
8. All the students are talking and laughing in the classroom and it's _________.
A. noisy B. lonely C. quiet D. strict
9. _________some water every morning _________ a good habit.
A. Drinking; are B. Drink; is C. Drinking; is D. To drink; are
10. In order to make few mistakes, you need a lot of _________ in the exam.
A. attentions B. behaviours C. behavior D. attention
五、根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。
1. Pandas like to eat b________.
2. These films are for a_______, not for children.
3. You can choose any food listed on the m_______________.
4. The Red Cross is an international o___________.
5. I am clearly aware of the difficulties we f____.
6. Firstly, praise your child for good b__________.
7. The dog is b______ loudly. What’s up
8. Not all animals are friendly. Some will a________ people.
9. My dad has a twin brother, but they have nothing in c________.
10. They are sitting on the s___________, watching TV.
六、根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。
1. 迈克已经能够自己上学了。
Mike is old enough to go to school___________ ___________ ___________.
2. 那个婴儿出生时体重为3.5 公斤。
The baby weighed 3.5 kilos___________ ________.
3. 实际利率接近于0。
The real interest rate is ____________ ___________zero.
4. 在非洲,有很多人死于饥饿。
Many people hunger ___________ ___________in Africa.
5. 昨天那场球赛直到下午四点才开始。
The football match ____________start ___________4 p.m.yesterday.
6. 虽然他们很累,但是他们仍然继续工作。
Though they were tired, they still _________ ___________ working.
7. 我需要你照顾一下我的宠物。
I need you to ________ ____________my pet.
8. 你应该记住它,更重要的是,应该明白它的意思。
You should remember it, and, you _________ ________ should understand its meaning.
9. 我没别的办法,只好听我父母的。
I have ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________listen to my parents.
10. 你最好不要让你的孩子夜间外出。
You’d better _________your child _________going out at night.
11. 他们忠诚于自己的国家。
They were _________ ___________their country.
12. 即使在上班时,他也是懒散度日。
Even at work, he ________ ________as well.
【答案】
一、
1. to lead
2. to know
3. to live
4. to get
5. to learn
6. for, to have
7. of, to come
8. clever enough to finish
9. not interesting enough to attract
10. well enough to become
二、
1. more easily
2. (the) most quickly
3. faster
4. more beautifully
5. (the) longest
6. worse
7. better
8. (the) worst
9. (the) most
10. better
三、
A
1. beings
2. However
3. are killed
4. of
5. useful
6. importance
7. killing
8. to live
9. our
10. If
B
1. a
2. to take
3. But
4. with/do
5. skills
6. are trained
7. easily
8. crossing
9. if
10. owners’
四、1-5 CACDC 6-10 ACACD
五、
1. bamboo
2. adults
3. menu
4. organization
5. face
6. behavior
7. barking
8. attack
9. common
10. sofa
六、
1. on his own
2. at birth
3. close to
4. die of
5. didn’t until
6. went/kept on
7. care for/ look after
8. what’s more
9. no choice but to
10. keep from
11. faithful to
12. lies/lay around
重点单词
重点短语
语言考点梳理
语法精讲精练
目标导练
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