Teaching Plan – Expository Essays
Duration：one period (40 minutes)
Student Analysis:
The expository essays are the ones students fear most and make most mistakes. With all the unfamiliar words and new names in science or technology, it is understandable for students to have difficulty in getting the hang of this genre. However, helping students get ready to read expository essays has a significant importance not only in terms of getting a good score in college entrance examination, but also concerning their future academic article-reading ability. Therefore, dedicating certain amount of time in improving students’ ability to understand expository essays is quite necessary.
Teaching Goals:
Students are required to understand the structure and language features of a procedure text.
Students are required to understand the structure feature of an expository essay.
2. Students can use the knowledge learned in class to guide their understanding of the articles with the same genre.
Teaching Materials:
Student handout 1 & 2; blackboard; PPT.
Teaching Procedure:
流程 时间 教学活动
Lead-in 3 minutes Getting students’ attention and introducing the topic by asking questions and showing an example of recipe.
Procedure text explanation 4 minutes Introducing the definition, structure and language features of procedure texts.
Theory to practice 15 minutes Scanning the solar still article for two minutes and matching paragraphs with its main ideas Checking answers with students Discussing within the group, answering questions, and drawing an illustration Drawing the mechanism of a solar still on the blackboard. Checking illustrations Finishing exercises attached to the article.
Practice to theory 4 minutes Introducing the basic structure of an expository article.
Theory to Practice 12 minutes Scanning another expository essay in 2 minutes and figuring out the basic structure of the article. Finishing exercises
Homework 2 minutes Explaining homework assignmentPart I. READING ORGANIZER-PROCEDURE
Purpose: -Tells what will be made or done.
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Steps: -In order of what needs to be done
-Include pictures
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Part II. Answer the following questions:
What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph
It’s delicate. B. It’s expensive.
C. It’s complex. D. It’s portable.
What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to
The tube. B. The still. C. The hole. D. The cup.
What is the last step of constructing a working solar still
Dig a hole of a certain size. B. Put the cup in place.
C. Weight the sheet’s center down. D. Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.
When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup from .
the plastic tube B. outside the hole
the open air D. beneath the shee
Part III. Reading and Comprehension
A
Have you ever heard someone say “You totally look like you’re a Jessica” or something similar People seem to think that they know what kind of person a “Jessica” or a “Michael” looks like. Why is this
According to a study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, humans tend to associate people's names with their appearances, and can even guess someone’s name based on how they look.
Researchers collected thousands of photos of people faces. They labeled(贴标签于) each photo with four names.
Then, they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct.
The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38% of the time. It seems that certain characteristics of faces give them clues about someone’s name, Reader's Digest reported.
However, this only worked when the volunteers looked at names from their own culture. In addition. the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who used nicknames more often than their real names. This may show that a person's appearance is affected ed by their name only if they use it often.
“This kind of face-name matching happens because of a process of a self-fulfilling prophecy(预言)as we become
what other people expect us to become,” Ruth Mayo from Tile University told science news website EurekAlert!
Earlier studies have shown that gender and race stereotypes((刻板印象) can affect a person’s appearance. The researchers believe there are also similar stereotypes about names. For example, people tend to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round. People may think that women named Rose are beautiful. They expect them to be “delicate" and "female", just like the flower they are named for.
How is this passage developed
By giving examples. B. By asking questions.
C. By introducing an experiment. D. By comparing different cases.
Why do some people look like their names according to Ruth Mayo
They want to please everyone around them.
They don’t want to be different from others.
They tend to become what others expect them to become.
They loke to copy famous people who share the same name.
What may be the best title for this passage
What determines our names B. Why we look like our names
How we get rid of our stereotypes D. How stereotypes affect people’s looks
Homework Assignment A
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our
eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie
viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I'll have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I
What is the recent study mainly about
Food safety. B. Movie viewership. C. Consumer demand. D. Eating behavior.
What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in Paragraph 1 refer to
Big eaters. B. Overweight persons. C. Picky eaters. D. Tall thin persons.
Why did the researchers hire the actor
To see how she would affect the participants.
To test if the participants could recognize her.
To find out what she would do in the two tests.
To study why she could keep her weight down.
On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph
How hungry we are.
How slim we want to be.
How we perceive others.
How we feel about the food.
B
Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.
One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine(跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot(赤脚).
Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.
They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels. The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.
The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The
researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.
They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.
Runners who wear shoes usually come down their heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.
Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heel. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.
But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.
The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.
1.What’s the main idea of the passage
Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot
Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.
Running in shoes is partly good to runners.
Two new studies prove running without shoes is less risky to runners in most cases. 2.Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes
A. Toes. B. Hips. C. Feet. D. Legs. 3.What can we learn from the passage
The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.
We should start running barefoot in no time.
Running in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than running in high heels.
We won’t be injured if we run barefoot.
4.What is the writer’s attitude toward the use of the modern running shoes
A. Persuasive. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Supportive.A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸馏器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5′× 5′ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup—to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.
To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher ’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up—and out—the side of the hole.
Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with
45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.
The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates(蒸
发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material, and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.
Vocabulary list:
solar [ s l (r)] adj. 太阳能的
obtain [ b te n] v. 获得
readily [ red li]adv. 便利地 available [ ve l bl] adj. 可得到的 department [d pɑ tm nt] n. 部门 excellent [ eks l nt]adj. 杰出的 all but 几乎
substitute [ s bst tju t]n.代替品 component [k m p n nt] n. 部件；成分 container [k n te n (r)] n. 容器
fold [f ld] v. 折叠
sheet [ i t] n.薄片
neat [ni t] adj. 整洁的
fasten [ fɑ sn]v. 系牢
construct [k n str kt ]v.建造 productivity [ pr d k t v ti]n.生产效率 sheet [ i t]n.薄片
secure [s kj (r)]v. 拴紧、固定 greenhouse [ ɡri nha s]n.温室 break down 拆除
delicate [ del k t]adj. 精致的 complex [ k mpleks] adj.复杂的 portable [ p t bl]adj.便携的Have you ever heard someone say “You totally look like you’re a Jessica” or something similar People seem to think that they know what kind of person a “Jessica” or a “Michael” looks like. Why is this
According to a study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, humans tend to associate people's names with their appearances, and can even guess someone’s name based on how they look.
Researchers collected thousands of photos of people faces. They labeled(贴标签于) each photo
with four names. Then, they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct.
The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38% of the time. It seems that certain characteristics of faces give them clues about someone’s name, Reader's Digest reported.
However, this only worked when the volunteers looked at names from their own culture. In addition. the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who used nicknames more often than their real names. This may show that a person's appearance is affected by their name only if they use it often.
“This kind of face-name matching happens because of a process of a self-fulfilling prophecy(预
言)as we become what other people expect us to become,” Ruth Mayo from Tile University told science news website EurekAlert!
Earlier studies have shown that gender and race stereotypes((刻板印象) can affect a person’s
appearance. The researchers believe there are also similar stereotypes about names. For example, people tend to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round. People may think that women named Rose are beautiful. They expect them to be “delicate" and "female", just like the flower they are named for.
tend to do sth 倾向于……
associate …with… 把……和……联系在一起
characteristics n. 特征
clue n.线索
Reader’s Digest 读者文摘
nickname n.绰号
self-fulfilling adj.自我应验的
eg. If you expect to fail, you will fail. It’s a self-fulfilling prophecy.
如果你预期失败，就会失败，这是一种自我应验的预测。
gender n.性别 race n. 种族
delicate adj. 精美的
