2022届高考英语二轮复习之改错句法类错误专训课件(21张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习之改错句法类错误专训课件(21张ppt) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-01-05 13:25:38 | ||
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(共21张PPT)
高考二轮 改错句法类错误专训
[典例1] [2021·全国乙卷]And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：并希望这能激发更多关于这个话题的思考！
(2)瞻前顾后析时态：根据从句中can inspire可知主句为一般现在时。
(3)辨清主谓：此句为省略句， 省略了主语we, 故谓语动词应该使用复数。
自主解答：________________
hopes→hope
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]My dad don't like the soup and I don't enjoy apples.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我爸爸不喜欢汤，我不喜欢吃苹果。
(2)瞻前顾后析时态：根据连词and后的“don't enjoy”可知时态为一般现在时。
(3)辨清主谓：主语“my dad”是第三人称，故谓语应该用第三人称单数。
自主解答：________________
第一个don't→doesn't
【过关检测】
1．[2021·江西省重点中学协作体第二次联考] As a matter of fact, Beijing Opera with a history of nearly 200 years are a form of traditional Chinese theatre play.________________
2．[2021·江西上饶市三模]There were no electricity or water and even no textbooks either！________________
3．[2021·兰州一中高三月考]Each student learn a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education.__________
are→is
were→was
learn→learns
4．[2021·陕西省西安中学第九次模拟]Recently, one of my friends have sent me a short message, saying that true friends are one soul in two bodies, which moves me very much and makes me think what true friendship is.________________
5．[2021·长春外国语学校第二次质量检测]You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.________________
have→has
know→knows
【技法点金】
1．判断主谓语是关键
①可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。
②动词ing形式、不定式或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
③就近原则常见的有：either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., there be等。
④就远原则常见的有：together with，as well as，but，except等。
⑤在倒装句中要找出句子的主语从而判断谓语动词的单复数。
⑥定语从句中的谓语动词要与定语从句所修饰的先行词保持一致。
2．附加成分是难点
对于分隔现象，可利用“减一减”原则：先从整体上把握主干，再去掉句子中的插入语、附加成分等分隔干扰部分，使结构简化。
[典例1] [2021·全国乙卷]I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我还给院子里的花浇水，必要时整理我自己的卧室。
(2)结构分析：根据语境可知， 本句是whenever引导的时间状语从句， 省略了it is。
自主解答：________________
whatever→whenever
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：明白了妈妈的好意，我心怀感激地把她给我的饭都吃完了。
(2)结构分析：本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是food，从句中缺少主语，当先行词被all, every, any, much, little (少), few, no等修饰时，关系代词用that。what可以引导名词性从句，但不可以引导定语从句。
自主解答：________________
what→that
【过关检测】
1．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.________________
2．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.________________
3．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]In the cafe，customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.________________
4．[2021·江西省重点中学盟校第二次联考]From them , we students can always seek support and advice , from that we can benefit a lot. ________________
what→which
such→so
what→that/which
that→which
5．[2021·九江市二模]The elders and distinguished guests are often seated in the special seats, what shows great respect for them.___________
6．[2021·黑龙江省佳木斯市第三次模拟]After that, you can go to your host family that you can experience the Chinese way of life.____________
7．[2021·安徽 “五校联盟”第二次联考]I consider myself a competent cook so I usually don't consult a recipe book. I just remember which I did last time.______________
what→which
第二个that→where
which→what
【技法点金】
1．关注定语从句中只用which不用that的情况
①引导非限制性定语从句时。
The building, which attracts many visitors, is designed by my father.
②位于介词后时。
Great changes have taken place in the city in which they live.
2．明辨关系代词和关系副词误用
引导词用关系代词还是关系副词关键还是看先行词在从句中作的成分。若引导词作状语，则使用关系副词(when代指时间，where代指地点，why代指原因)；若引导词作主语、宾语、定语等成分，则使用关系代词。
3．理清that/which和whose的误用
that/which在定语从句中作主语、宾语等成分，而whose在从句中作定语，表示“……的”。
4．牢记that与what引导名词性从句的区别
that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。
Test 1
[2021·贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性测试]
My name is Jane. I want be a journalist. Journalists have to be very independently, and they need many different municating on well with people is especially required, what I believe I'm good at. Also I liked travelling and doing challenging things. I think work for a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are really exciting. My parents think being a journalist is the dangerous job, but I'm not scared. I like taking risks. They know I won't make a lot of money and bringing news to people around the world will be enough.
答案与解析：
My name is Jane. I want be a journalist. Journalists have to be very , and they need many municating well with people is especially required, I believe I'm good at. Also I travelling and doing challenging things. I think for a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are really exciting. My parents think being a journalist is dangerous job, but I'm not scared. I like taking risks. know I won't make a lot of money bringing news to people around the world will be enough.
①want后面加to 不定式标志词漏用。此处考查want to do sth.。所以需要在want后面加to。
②independently改为independent 形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处作表语，需要用形容词，不能用副词。所以需要将independently改为independent。
③skill改为skills 名词单复数误用。此处skill作可数名词，根据前面的限定词many可知，此处需要用复数。所以需要将skill改为skills。
④删除communicate后面的on 介词多用。此处考查固定表达communicate with sb.，意为“与某人交流”。所以需要删除communicate后面的on。
⑤what改为which 连接代词和关系词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Communicating well with people，关系词指代先行词在从句中作宾语，故关系词需要用which。所以需要将what改为which。
⑥liked改为like 时态误用。全文的基本时态为一般现在时。结合语境可知，本句也应用一般现在时。所以需要将liked改为like。
⑦work改为working 动词形式误用。分析句子结构可知，此处为并列的动名词短语作主语。所以需要将work改为working。
⑧the改为a 冠词误用。此处表示“我父母认为做记者是一份危险的工作”，表泛指，又dangerous的发音以辅音音素开头。所以需要将the改为a。
⑨They改为I 人称代词误用。根据语境可知，此处表示“我知道我不会挣很多钱”，应用第一人称单数。所以需要将They改为I。
⑩and改为but 连词误用。“我知道我不会挣很多钱”和“给全世界的人带来新闻就足够了”之间为逻辑上的转折关系。所以需要将and改为but。
Test 2
[2021·甘肃省第二次高考诊断]
Dear Chris，
I am glad to hear you are interested on Double 11. Now let me to tell you something about them. Double 11 has become a special day in recently years. With four “1s”， it is also called Singles' Day. On that day, single young people held parties to show love or simply have funs. In 2009, Double Eleven Shopping Day was held to promoting online shopping, that has become the biggest online shopping day in China now.
In my view, this day is chance of promoting business. People should make purchases wise. What do you think of this day I am looking forward to your opinion.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案与解析：
Dear Chris，
I am glad to hear you are interested Double 11. Now let me tell you something about. Double 11 has become a special day in years. With four “1s”， it is also called Singles' Day. On that day, single young people parties to show love or simply have . In 2009, Double Eleven Shopping Day was held to online shopping, has become the biggest online shopping day in China now.
In my view, this day is chance of promoting business. People should make purchases . What do you think of this day I am looking forward to your opinion.
Yours，
Li Hua
①on改为in 介词误用。be interested in为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”。故把on改为in。
②删除me后面的to 不定式符号多用。let sb. do sth.为固定表达，意为“让某人做某事”。故删除me后面的to。
③them改为it 代词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处代指Double 11，表单数概念。故把them改为it。
④recently改为recent 形容词和副词混用。此处应用形容词修饰后面的名词years。故把recently改为recent。
⑤held改为hold 时态误用。根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。故把held改为hold。
⑥funs改为fun 名词误用。分析句子结构可知，fun在此处为名词，又fun为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故把funs改为fun。
⑦promoting改为promote 分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式短语表目的。故把promoting改为promote。
⑧that改为which 关系词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句。故把that改为which。
⑨在chance前加a 冠词漏用。chance在此处意为“机会”，是可数名词，此处意为“一个机会”，表示泛指，又chance的发音以辅音音素开头。故在chance前加a。
⑩wise改为wisely 形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰谓语动词。故把wise改用wisely。
高考二轮 改错句法类错误专训
[典例1] [2021·全国乙卷]And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：并希望这能激发更多关于这个话题的思考！
(2)瞻前顾后析时态：根据从句中can inspire可知主句为一般现在时。
(3)辨清主谓：此句为省略句， 省略了主语we, 故谓语动词应该使用复数。
自主解答：________________
hopes→hope
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]My dad don't like the soup and I don't enjoy apples.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我爸爸不喜欢汤，我不喜欢吃苹果。
(2)瞻前顾后析时态：根据连词and后的“don't enjoy”可知时态为一般现在时。
(3)辨清主谓：主语“my dad”是第三人称，故谓语应该用第三人称单数。
自主解答：________________
第一个don't→doesn't
【过关检测】
1．[2021·江西省重点中学协作体第二次联考] As a matter of fact, Beijing Opera with a history of nearly 200 years are a form of traditional Chinese theatre play.________________
2．[2021·江西上饶市三模]There were no electricity or water and even no textbooks either！________________
3．[2021·兰州一中高三月考]Each student learn a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education.__________
are→is
were→was
learn→learns
4．[2021·陕西省西安中学第九次模拟]Recently, one of my friends have sent me a short message, saying that true friends are one soul in two bodies, which moves me very much and makes me think what true friendship is.________________
5．[2021·长春外国语学校第二次质量检测]You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.________________
have→has
know→knows
【技法点金】
1．判断主谓语是关键
①可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。
②动词ing形式、不定式或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
③就近原则常见的有：either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., there be等。
④就远原则常见的有：together with，as well as，but，except等。
⑤在倒装句中要找出句子的主语从而判断谓语动词的单复数。
⑥定语从句中的谓语动词要与定语从句所修饰的先行词保持一致。
2．附加成分是难点
对于分隔现象，可利用“减一减”原则：先从整体上把握主干，再去掉句子中的插入语、附加成分等分隔干扰部分，使结构简化。
[典例1] [2021·全国乙卷]I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我还给院子里的花浇水，必要时整理我自己的卧室。
(2)结构分析：根据语境可知， 本句是whenever引导的时间状语从句， 省略了it is。
自主解答：________________
whatever→whenever
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：明白了妈妈的好意，我心怀感激地把她给我的饭都吃完了。
(2)结构分析：本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是food，从句中缺少主语，当先行词被all, every, any, much, little (少), few, no等修饰时，关系代词用that。what可以引导名词性从句，但不可以引导定语从句。
自主解答：________________
what→that
【过关检测】
1．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.________________
2．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.________________
3．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]In the cafe，customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.________________
4．[2021·江西省重点中学盟校第二次联考]From them , we students can always seek support and advice , from that we can benefit a lot. ________________
what→which
such→so
what→that/which
that→which
5．[2021·九江市二模]The elders and distinguished guests are often seated in the special seats, what shows great respect for them.___________
6．[2021·黑龙江省佳木斯市第三次模拟]After that, you can go to your host family that you can experience the Chinese way of life.____________
7．[2021·安徽 “五校联盟”第二次联考]I consider myself a competent cook so I usually don't consult a recipe book. I just remember which I did last time.______________
what→which
第二个that→where
which→what
【技法点金】
1．关注定语从句中只用which不用that的情况
①引导非限制性定语从句时。
The building, which attracts many visitors, is designed by my father.
②位于介词后时。
Great changes have taken place in the city in which they live.
2．明辨关系代词和关系副词误用
引导词用关系代词还是关系副词关键还是看先行词在从句中作的成分。若引导词作状语，则使用关系副词(when代指时间，where代指地点，why代指原因)；若引导词作主语、宾语、定语等成分，则使用关系代词。
3．理清that/which和whose的误用
that/which在定语从句中作主语、宾语等成分，而whose在从句中作定语，表示“……的”。
4．牢记that与what引导名词性从句的区别
that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。
Test 1
[2021·贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性测试]
My name is Jane. I want be a journalist. Journalists have to be very independently, and they need many different municating on well with people is especially required, what I believe I'm good at. Also I liked travelling and doing challenging things. I think work for a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are really exciting. My parents think being a journalist is the dangerous job, but I'm not scared. I like taking risks. They know I won't make a lot of money and bringing news to people around the world will be enough.
答案与解析：
My name is Jane. I want be a journalist. Journalists have to be very , and they need many municating well with people is especially required, I believe I'm good at. Also I travelling and doing challenging things. I think for a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are really exciting. My parents think being a journalist is dangerous job, but I'm not scared. I like taking risks. know I won't make a lot of money bringing news to people around the world will be enough.
①want后面加to 不定式标志词漏用。此处考查want to do sth.。所以需要在want后面加to。
②independently改为independent 形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处作表语，需要用形容词，不能用副词。所以需要将independently改为independent。
③skill改为skills 名词单复数误用。此处skill作可数名词，根据前面的限定词many可知，此处需要用复数。所以需要将skill改为skills。
④删除communicate后面的on 介词多用。此处考查固定表达communicate with sb.，意为“与某人交流”。所以需要删除communicate后面的on。
⑤what改为which 连接代词和关系词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Communicating well with people，关系词指代先行词在从句中作宾语，故关系词需要用which。所以需要将what改为which。
⑥liked改为like 时态误用。全文的基本时态为一般现在时。结合语境可知，本句也应用一般现在时。所以需要将liked改为like。
⑦work改为working 动词形式误用。分析句子结构可知，此处为并列的动名词短语作主语。所以需要将work改为working。
⑧the改为a 冠词误用。此处表示“我父母认为做记者是一份危险的工作”，表泛指，又dangerous的发音以辅音音素开头。所以需要将the改为a。
⑨They改为I 人称代词误用。根据语境可知，此处表示“我知道我不会挣很多钱”，应用第一人称单数。所以需要将They改为I。
⑩and改为but 连词误用。“我知道我不会挣很多钱”和“给全世界的人带来新闻就足够了”之间为逻辑上的转折关系。所以需要将and改为but。
Test 2
[2021·甘肃省第二次高考诊断]
Dear Chris，
I am glad to hear you are interested on Double 11. Now let me to tell you something about them. Double 11 has become a special day in recently years. With four “1s”， it is also called Singles' Day. On that day, single young people held parties to show love or simply have funs. In 2009, Double Eleven Shopping Day was held to promoting online shopping, that has become the biggest online shopping day in China now.
In my view, this day is chance of promoting business. People should make purchases wise. What do you think of this day I am looking forward to your opinion.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案与解析：
Dear Chris，
I am glad to hear you are interested Double 11. Now let me tell you something about. Double 11 has become a special day in years. With four “1s”， it is also called Singles' Day. On that day, single young people parties to show love or simply have . In 2009, Double Eleven Shopping Day was held to online shopping, has become the biggest online shopping day in China now.
In my view, this day is chance of promoting business. People should make purchases . What do you think of this day I am looking forward to your opinion.
Yours，
Li Hua
①on改为in 介词误用。be interested in为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”。故把on改为in。
②删除me后面的to 不定式符号多用。let sb. do sth.为固定表达，意为“让某人做某事”。故删除me后面的to。
③them改为it 代词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处代指Double 11，表单数概念。故把them改为it。
④recently改为recent 形容词和副词混用。此处应用形容词修饰后面的名词years。故把recently改为recent。
⑤held改为hold 时态误用。根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。故把held改为hold。
⑥funs改为fun 名词误用。分析句子结构可知，fun在此处为名词，又fun为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故把funs改为fun。
⑦promoting改为promote 分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式短语表目的。故把promoting改为promote。
⑧that改为which 关系词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句。故把that改为which。
⑨在chance前加a 冠词漏用。chance在此处意为“机会”，是可数名词，此处意为“一个机会”，表示泛指，又chance的发音以辅音音素开头。故在chance前加a。
⑩wise改为wisely 形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰谓语动词。故把wise改用wisely。