人教版（2019）必修第二册：Unit 1 Cultural heritage词汇知识点梳理（含答案）
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人教版（2019）必修第二册：Unit 1 Cultural heritage词汇知识点梳理Listening and Speaking
1、*heritage / her t d /[U]【常用单数】遗产;传统
a World Heritage Site 世界遗址
creatively /kr e t vl / adv有创造力地;创造性地
2、creative /kri e t v/
■adj有创造力的;创造性的
creative work创造性的工作
when my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were.
当我妈妈看到我的作品时，她说我的设计非常有创意。
■n[U]创意;[C)搞创作的人
creativity / kri e t v t /n[U] 创造性;创造力
3、temple / templ/n [C] 庙宇;寺院;神殿
*relic / rel k/n[C]遗物;遗迹:
cultural relics文化遗产
4、mount /ma nt/
①vt&vi[正式用语](上);骑(上):
I mounted the steps and looked around me slowly. 我爬上台阶，慢慢环顾四周。
②vt组织;安排(arrange):
mount a protest /an exhibition 发起抗议/举办展览
③逐步增加
n(缩写为Mt)[用于山名前，其前不用冠词]山;峰:
Mount Everest/Mount Tai 珠穆朗玛峰/泰山
5、former / f m / adj
[只用于名词前]以前的;从前的;前任的:
He is my former colleague.他是我以前的同事。
(两者中)前面的:
in the former case 在前一种情况下
Fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.
鱼喜欢浅水甚于深水，因为前者更暖和。
the former ... the latter 前者……后者:
John and James are brothers. The former is a teacher; the latter is an engineer.
约翰和詹姆斯是兄弟，前者是老师，后者是工程师。
formerly / f m l /adv以前;从前(previously)
6、clue /klu:/[C]线索;提示
search for clues 搜寻线索
clueless / klu l s/adj[非正式用语]一无所知的;一窍不通的:
I was clueless about a maths problem for a whole week.
整整一个星期我对一道数学题都毫无头绪。
7、preserve /pr 'z3:v/ad vt 保护:保存(save)
preserve one's eyesight 保护视力
These eighteenth-century oil paintings are preserved so well that the visitors are greatly amazed.这些18世纪的油画保存得这么好，使参观者大为惊叹。
preservation / prez ve n/n[U]保护:保存:
In wilderness is the preservation of the world.世界存留于荒野之中。
8.promote /pr m t/R'vt(P3)pro-(forward)+ mot(to move)+-e
促进:推动
promote traditional cultures/festivals张杨传统文化/传承传统节日
All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
我们所有的项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。
Good listening can show respect, promote understanding and improve international relationship.认真聆听可以表示尊重，增进理解，并改善人际关系。
[常用于被动语态】晋升:→
He has been promoted to general manager他已被提升为总经理。
促销;推广
What is the advertisement promoting 这则广告在推销什么
promotion /pr m n/ n |CJ&(U) 晋升;促销;(U促进:promote+-ion(名词后缀)
get a promotion 获得晋升
9、app / p/ n |C] [ application的缩写]应用程序
10、application / pl ke n] n |C] & [U]
①申请;申请书;申请表:
a job application 求职申请
make /submit/put in an application 提交申请
fill in /out an application form)填写申请(表)
accept /reject sb’s application 接受/拒绝某人的申请
②应用;运用;[缩略为app]应用程序:
This is a new invention that will have a wide range of applications in industry.
这是一项可在工业上广泛应用的新发明。
11、take part (in)参加:参与
If Jim took part in the Talent Show,he'd win it for sure.如果古姆参加才艺大赛，他肯定会赢。
辨join, join in, take part in,attend四者都常译为“参加”
join 指加人一个团体、组织、群体，成为其中的一员。 join a club 加入一个俱乐部
join in 和 take part in 均指参与某活动,take part in 比 join 稍微正式.Can I join in (the game) 我加入(这个游戏)行吗
take part in a discussion /game/celebration 参加讨论/比赛/庆祝
attend 多指参加、出席会议等。
Only 12 people attended the meeting.只有12个人参加了这次会议。
Reading and Thinking
12、give way(to)让步(于);屈服(于):
give way to pressure在压力下让步
Cinemas have gradually given way to the rise of the Internet and cellphones.
电影院逐渐被新兴的网络和手机所取代。
13、balance / keep balance
balance/ b l ns/
n.
①|C]天平;秤:
Weigh it on the balance.在秤/天平上称它的重量
②[u][常用单数]平衡;均衡:
keep /lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡
Athletes need a good sense of balance.运动员要有良好的平衡感。
③|C][常用单数]余额;余款:
They were due to pay the balance on delivery.他们须将余款在到货时付清。
keep balance 保持平衡:
I think it's important to keep a balance between study and a social life, so I'm going to join a few clubs.我认为保持学习和杜交的平衡很重要，所以打算加入几个俱乐部。
on balance 总的说来 (after considering all the information):
On balance, I think we made the right decision. 总的来说，我认为我们做的决定是正确的。
■vt&vi(使)保持平衡;(使)均衡:
Hobbies help people balance between work and play. 业余爱好有助于人们平衡工作和娱乐。
balanced/ b l nst/ adj[常用于名词前】均衡的:
a balanced diet 均衡的饮食
14、lead to 导致；造成(result in)：
A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.缺乏自信会导致很多痛苦。
Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the apposite.
好习惯总是会带来高效率，而坏习惯则相反。
15、*dam /daem/lln |C] 坝;堤;水闸:
build/construct a dam 建水项
16、proposal / make a proposal
proposal /pr p zl/ n [C]&/U] 建议:提议:动议 (a formal suggestion or plan):
submit/draw up a proposal 提交建议/起草提案
approve/accept/reject a proposal同意/接受/否决提议
make / put forward a proposal 提出建议:
He made a proposal that the meeting (should) be postponed 他提议会议延期。
The committee put forward a proposal to reduce the time limit.
该委员会提出了一个缩短时限的建议。
propose /pr p z/ v
v[正式用语]提出;提议;建议 (to formally suggest sth as a possible plan or action):
propose a better solution 提出更好的解决方案
① propose doing sth:
The report proposes extending motorways.该报告建议拓宽机动车道。
② propose + that ... (should) do sth:
A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund (should) be established to raise money.
学院的一位教授提议设立基金会来募集资金。
vt[正式用语]打算;计划 (to intend to do sth):
propose doing / to do sth:
He proposed buying /to buy a new car 他打算买一辆新车。
vi & vt 求婚:
I've proposed to her. 我已经向她求婚了。
17、protest
■/ pr test / n |C]&|U]抗议;反对:
The film director resigned in protest at the decision.电影导演辞职以抗议此决定。
■/pr test/vi&vt抗议:反对:
protest a decision 反对一项决定
Animal rights activists protested against keeping wild animals in unnatural conditions.
动物保护主又者反对在非自然条件下饲养野生动物。
18、likely/ la kli/
■adj[常与 more,most 连用]可能的probablc 反 unlikely:
① be likely to do sth:
If you can find suitable learning methods, your learning efficiency is likely to improve.
如果你能找到合适的学习方法，学习效率就可能会提高。
The more exposed young people are to financial issues, the more likely they are to become responsible.年轻人接触的财务问题越多，越有可能变得有责任心。
■adv[常与most,more,very连用]可能probably;
When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow.
当一只狼嚎叫起来，其他的狼很可能也跟着叫。
Not likely![表示强烈的否定】绝不可能!才不呢!
unlikely/ n la kli/ adj不太可能的反likely;[只用于名词前]非想象中的:un-(not)+likely
I met him at the most unlikely place. 我在最意想不到的地方遇到了他。
①(be) unlikely to do sth:
Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to make a good researcher.
缺乏耐力和毂力的人不大可能成为优秀的研究人员。
19、turn to 转向;求助于:
Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in he city.
他们的话题转到了城市发生的变化。
Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.遇到困难时请向警察求助。
20、committee [k m ti] n [C][集体名词]委员会 (a group of people chosen to do s particular job make decisions etc):commit(承诺)+-ee(...人)
The committee has /have decided to dismiss him. 委员会已决定辞退他。
21、establish/ st bl / vt
建立;创立;设立(set up):
establish contact /a relationship with与……建立联系/关系
The company was established in 1980.这家公司成立于1980年。
确立;立足;得到认可:
By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California.
至20世纪 20年代，电影业在加利福尼亚州的好莱坞已站稳脚跟。
established / st bl t/adj已确立的;确定的:
an established fact 既定事实
establishment / st bl m nt/ n establish + -ment(名词后级)
(U]建立;设立;确立;创办:
The speaker announced the establishment of a new college. 发言人宣布了新学院的成立。
[C]【正式用语]机构;企业:
an educational establishment 教育机构
22、limit / l m t/
■n[C]
界限;边界:
in the city limits 在市区内
限度;限制:
a time/speed limit 时间/速度限制
Even below the drinking limit, driving will be affected.
即使是低于饮酒限度，开车也会受到影响。
极限:
He tried my patience to its limits.他把我的耐心逼到了极限。
■vt限制:限定:
limit ... to 将……限制在(某范围内):
I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.我认为教学不应该局限于教室之内。
limitation / l m te n/n[U&|C|限制;局限
limiting / l m t /adj限制性的
limitless / l m tl s/adj无限(制)的
23、prevent / prevent ... from ...
prevent /pr vent/.all vt 阻止;预防;防止:
They look for ways to prevent diseases by developing vaccines.
他们通过研发疫苗来寻找预防疾病的方法。
prevent sb /sth (from) doing sth:
There were many ways to prevent this from happening.有多种方法可以防止此事发生。
prevention /pr ven n/ n[U]防止;预防:
Prevention is better than cure预防胜于治疗。
24、loss /l s/ n [C] & [U]
①遗失;失去;丧失:事物的“失去”
a sense of loss 失落感
hair/hearing/weight loss脱发/听力丧失/体重减轻
loss of memory/memory loss 失忆
Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot in Canada.
珍妮因丢失了她在加拿太拍的照片而非常伤心。
② 死亡;去世:
I was trying to recover from the loss of my father. 我正努力从父亲的过世中恢复过来。
③亏损;损失 反profit:
The company made a loss of $100.000 last year. 公司去年亏损了10万美元。
If she leaves, it will be a big loss to the school. 如果她离开，这将是学校的一大损失。
(be)at a loss 感到迷惑;不知所措:
We are at a loss as to what kind of business to start.我们不知道该做什么生意。
25、contribution / k ntr bju n/ n |C( P4)contribute+-ion(名词后级)
贡献:
I admire Edison a lot because he made a great contribution to the world.
我很敬佩爱迪生，因为他为世界作出了巨大贡献。
捐款;捐献物:
I made a contribution ofs100 to /toward the church. 我给教堂捐了100 美元。
稿件;作品:→
This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers.
这是一本由著名旅行作家撰稿的杂志。
contribute/k n tr bju t/ vcon-(together)+tribute(贡品)
贡献;捐助:捐献:
It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money: 她很大方，捐了这么一大笔钱。 contribute (sth) to sth:
immigrants have contributed to American culture in many ways.
移民在许多方面都对美国文化有所贡献。
vi 造成/ 促使(某事发生)to help to make sth happen:
Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.
孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑都甚至犯罪。
Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses. 压力是诸多疾病的致病因素。
vt&vi投(稿);撰(稿):
She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.她给这家杂志撰写了许多文章。
contributor /k n tr bj t / n [C] 捐款人;撰稿人;起作用的因素
26、department /d pɑ tm nt /[C](医院、大学、公司、政府等)科;系;部:
the Department of Education/ Foreign Affairs 教育/外交部
the Sales Department 销售部
a department store 百货商场
the English department 英语系
27、fund /f nd/ ■n
(C)基金;专款:(复数]资金:
a disaster fund 球灾数
government funds 政府责金
[单数]基金会:
the United Nations Children’s Fund 联合国儿童基金会
vt为提供资金;资助:
a government-funded program政府责助的项目
28、within /w n/ prep 在…范围/时间以内:不超过:(P4)with+in
I completed the task within 40 minutes. 我在 40 分钟内完成了任务。
Put the tools within your reach.把工具放在你能够得着的地方。
29、investigate / n vest ɡe t/ vt & vi 调查;侦查;调查研究:
You"I have to stay here until we investigate this affair.
在我们调查清楚这件事之前，你必须待在这儿。
investigation / n vest ɡe n/ n [U] & |C] 调查;调查研究
30、issue / u /
n|C]
议题;争论的问题(尤指社会或政治方面)an important topic that's discussed or argued about:→The environmental issue is a worldwide problem. 环境问题是世界性的问题。
Food safety is an important issue involving the public health.
食品安全是关系到公众健康的重要问题。
(令人担忧的)问题a problem or worry that sb has with sth:
Money is not an issue. 钱不是问题。
■vt
公布;发布:
The minister issued a statement to the press. 部长向新闻界发表了声明。
(正式)发给;供给:
issue warm clothing to the survivors /issue the survivors with warm clothing
给幸存者分发御寒衣物
issue a passport/visa 签发护照/签证
发行:issue a magazine /a set of stamps 发行一本杂志/一套邮票
conduct ■/k n d kt /
v
vt[正式用语]引导;带领 to lead or guide sb through or around a place:
The guide conducted us around the West Lake. 导游带领我们游览了西湖。
vt&指挥(军队、乐队等):→
My friend went home, leaving me to conduct the band. 我朋友回家了，留下我指挥乐队。
vt[正式用语]实施;管理;进行 to organize or do a particular activity:“引导”组织或活动 conduct an experiment /an interview /a survey/a test进行实验/面试/调查/试验
So far we have conducted a variety of activities on English learning.
目前我们已经开展了各种各样的英语学习活动。
■/ k nd kt/ n [U][正式用语 ]
行为;举止(behavior):
Confucius suggested a principle for the conduct of life: "Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you."孔子提出一项生活行为准则:“已所不欲，勿施于人。"
经营方式;管理方式;组织方式:
His conduct of the business was very successful. 他经商非常成功。
32、document/ d kjument/(P4)
■n[C]文件;公文;(计算机)文档 ■vt记录/记载(详情)
documentary / d kju mentri/
■n[C]纪实节目;纪录片
■adj[只用于名词前]纪录的;纪实的;文件的
33、donate / donate ...to
donate /d ne t/ vt & vi
捐赠:赠送:→“捐赠”金钱、物品等
donate...to...
The reined man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake.
这位退休老人把大部分积营都捐给了那所在地震中受到破坏的学校。
献(血):捐献(器官)→
辩donate,contribute
二者均可表示“捐献”。后面均可接to。表示捐钱或衣物时，二者可互换使用。
It is more meaningful to donate / contribute books and sports goods to children in need.
把书和体育用品相给需要的孩子们更有意义。
Many people have donated that type of blood 很多人都献了那个血型的血。
donate 还可以表示献血。
contribute 侧重指“贡献”，通常指贡献财力、物力、智力等。此外，contribute 还可表示“促成”“起作用”“投稿”的意思。
I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.
我相信我们每一个人都能够对世界的未来有所贡献
Honesty and hand work contribute to success and happiness.
诚实加苦干有助于成功和幸福。
The scientist often contributes to an academic journal.这位科学家常常给一家学术期刊撰稿。
donation /d ne n/ n |C] & [U] 捐赠;赠送;捐赠物;捐款:donate.+-ion(名词后级)
a generous/large/small donation慷慨的/大量的/少量的捐助
34、disappear / d s p / vi 反appear:(P4)dis-(不)+appear
消失;不见;失踪:
He walked away and disappeared into a crowd of people.他走了，消失在人群中。
My pen was here a moment ago and now it has disappeared.
我的笔刚刚还在这儿，现在却不见了。
不复存在;灭绝:
That species disappeared in the lce Age.那个物种早在冰河时代就绝迹了。
disappearance /disapiarens/n|C|&[U]消失;灭绝
attempt/ tempt/
■n |C] & [U) 试图;尝试;努力 (try):
All attempts by the experts to cure him failed. 专家们治疗他的所有努力都失败了。
The town is banning plastic bags in an attempt to help the environment.
为改善环境，这个城镇禁用塑料袋。
The team made an attempt to climb /at climbing the mountain.这支队伍尝试着爬上那座山。 He made no attempt to hide his feelings.他毫不掩饰自己的情感。
■vt试图;尝试;企图 to try to do sth, especially sth difficult:
He did not attempt the last question in the examination.
在考试中他放弃了最后一道题
attempt to do sth:
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.
每年大约有四万人尝试去登非洲的最高峰--乞力马扎罗山。”
attempted / tempt d/l adj[只用于名词前]企图的;未遂的:
attempt+-ed attempted murder/robbery谋杀/抢劫未遂
make sure 弄清;查明;确保:
He arrived at the restaurant early to make sure of a seat.为确保有座位，他早早地到了餐馆。 They are trying to make sure that 5G signals will have been installed by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.他们正努力确保在2022.年北京冬奥会之前安装好 5G终端。
a worthwhile job 值得做的工作
worthwhile / w θ wa l / adj值得花时间/精力的:(ps)worth+while(n一段时间)
The smile on her face made it all worthwhile. 她脸上的笑容使得这一切都很值得。
We decided to give the money to a worthwhile cause (=one that helps people).
我们决定把这笔钱投入到高商的事业中。
it is worthwhile doing /to do sth:
It is worthwhile comparing / to compare prices.有必要比较一下价格。
Discovering Useful Structures
download / da n l d /
■vt&vi下载(文件):
We can download software, documents, and images whenever we need them.
我们可以在任何需要的时候下载软件、文移和图像。
■n[C]下载;已下载的数据资料
republic /r p bl k/ n|C]共和国:
the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国
professional /pr fe nl/ profession(职正)+al(形名词后做)
■adj职业的;专业的:
a professional tennis player 职业网球运动员
He dealt with the problem in a highly professional way.他处理这个问题非常专业。
■n[C]专业人士;职业选手:
There will be a rise in the demand for health care professionals.
对医疗保健专业人员的需求将会上升。
professionalism/pr fe n l z m/ n[U] 专业水准;专业素质;职业化
*arch(a)eologist / ɑ k l d st/ n |C] 考古学家
entrance / entr ns / n
[C]【常用单数]进入;入场:→
Everyone rose at the judges entrance.法官入场时，所有人都起立。
She made her entrance after all the other guests had arrived. 其他客人都到了之后她才到场。 [C]入口;门口反exit:“进入”的口
the station entrance 车站入口处
I'll meet you at the main entrance to / of the school. 我在学校的正门跟你见面。
[U]入场(或入会、入学等)权/费:一
an entrance fee 入场费
a school entrance examination 入学考试
Entrance to the museum is free.该博物馆免费入场.
*pyramid/ p r m d/ n(C)金字塔;(数学上的)角锥(体)
process / pr ses /
■n |C]
过程;进程:
It's the process not the end product that matters. 重要的是过程，而不是最终结果。
Getting fit again is a long slow process. 恢复健康是个漫长的过程。
We're still in the process of moving house. 我们还正在搬家呢。
工序;步骤:
This was the first stage of the printing process.这是印制过程的第一道工序。
in the process 同时:
I split the coffee, burning myself in the process.我把咖啡洒了出来，还烫到了自己。
■vt
加工:
Fat and salt are required to process the food that we eat. 加工我们所吃的食物需要有油和盐。
审核;处理(文件、请求等):
It will take a week for your application to be processed.审核你的申请需要一周的时间。
processor/ pr ses (r)/n|C]加工者;处理器
overseas / v si z/ over + sea + s
■adv在国外;向海外:
He is going to work overseas.他将去国外工作。
■adj海外的;国外的:
I received an overseas phone call from my friend in Paris.
我接到了一个在巴黎的朋友打来的越洋电话。
exit / eks t/
■n[C]
出口;通道;安全门 反entrance
entrance an emergency exit 紧急出口
[常用单数]退场;退出:
make an exit 退场
■vi& vt离开;退场;退出(电脑程序)
Listening and Talking
sheet/ i t/ n[C]
被单;床单:
change bed sheets 换床单
一张(纸):(一)片:(一)块:
a sheet of paper 一张纸
answer/fact sheets答题纸/事实清单:资料页
In winter, the mountains are covered in sheets of white frost.冬天，山上覆盖着一层白霜。
*parade /p re d/(P7)
■n/[C](庆祝)游行;阅兵式
■vi.游行庆祝:游行示威
mirror / m r (r)
■n |C]
镜子:
look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子
a wing mirror 后视镜
【用单数】(真实的)写照(reflection):
Dickens 'novels are a mirror of his times.狄更斯的小说是他那个时代的写照。
■vt映照;反映(reflect):
The trees were mirrored in the still water of the lake.树木倒映在静静的湖水中。
a TV play that mirrors modern society反映现代社会的电视剧
roof /ru f/ n [C] (pl/ roofs) 屋顶
under the same roof 同在一个屋檐下
dragon/ dr ɡ n/ n[C]龙:
The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in the Warring States period of ancient China. 端午节是为了纪念中国古代战国时期的伟大诗人屈原。
forgive /f ɡ v/ (forgave,forgiven)vt 原谅;宽恕:
One of my favorite sayings is "Understand all and forgive all."
我最喜欢的一句话是“理解一切，宽怒一切”。
① forgive sb sth:
They forgave him his rudeness.他们原谅了他的无礼。
② forgive sb for (doing) sth:
Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. 原谅自己所犯的错误
Forgive me for interrupting. but I have something urgent to tell you.
请原谅我打断一下，但是我有要紧事要告诉你。
forgive and forget 不念旧恶;不记仇:
It is a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society:
不记仇是一种美德，特别是在这样一个竞争激烈、有压力的社会中。
sb could / might be forgiven for doing sth 某人做某事虽然错却是可以理解的
forgiveness /e grvnes/n |U] 原谅;宽恕
Reading for Writing
digital/ d d tl/ adj数字的;数码的:
the digital age / a digital camera 数字时代/数码相机
image /image n[C]&[U]影像:图像;形象;印象:
He saw the image of his face in the mirror. 他在镜子里看到了自己的脸。
Littering makes our school dirty, and does harm to the image of our school.
乱扔垃圾使我们的学校脏乱，并且有损学校的形象。
Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us.
有趣的是，我们的自我形象和别人对我们的印象往往大相径庭。
cave /ke v/.n (C| 山洞;洞穴:
the Mogao Caves 莫高窟;千佛洞
throughout /θru a t/ through + out
■prep 通及:整个……期间:
throughout the country/world 遍及全国/全世界
throughout history /one's life 纵观历史/毕生
■adv到处;始终:
The house is painted green throughout. 这座房子全被刷成了绿色。
The ceremony lasted twp hours and we had to stand throughout.
仪式进行了两个小时，我们自始至终都得站着。
quality/ kw l ti/
■n
[C]&|U|特性;特征:
The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty.
文学的第一个特征是它对真与美的描写。
[C]&[U]质;质量:→产品品质的“特性”
goods of poor quality/poor-quality goods 劣质货物
improve the quality of life 改善生活质量
This model is of good / high quality, but it’s too expensive.这个型号质量好，但太贵。
[C][常用复数]品质;品德:
the quality of honesty诚实的品性
What qualities does a great person have 伟人具有什么样的品德
[U]优质:→
products of quality优质产品
■adj[只用于名词前]优质的;高质量的
all over the world 在世界各地:
Countries all over the world name places in similar ways.
全世界的国家都用相似的方式给地方命名。
tradition /tr d n/ n [C]&[U]传统;风俗:
The tradition of the Dragon Boat Festival started more than 2,000 years ago.
端午节的传统始于两千多年前。
further/ f (r)/ [far的比较级]
■adv(距离、时间、程度上)更远地;进一步地:
I would be delighted to have the opportunity to discuss my application further with you.
我很高兴有机会与您进一步讨论我的申请。
I can lend you 50 dollars, but I can't go any further than that.
我可以借给你50美元，不能再多了。
■adj[只用于名词前](距商、时间、程度上)更远的;进一步的;更多的:
at the further end of the room 在屋子的那一头
He have decided to take no further action.我们决定不采取进一步行动。
My cousin left home to Australia for his further study last year.
我表弟去年离开家去澳大利亚深造。
Visit our website for further details/information.欲知详情，请访问我们的网站。
■vt促进;增进:
Education needn’t only be about furthering your career. 教育并非仅仅是为促进事业发展。
He went to the UK to further his studies.他去了英国深造。
辨further,farther
两者都为far的比较级，但是farther只用于本义“(空间距离上的)更远”
Africa is further /farther from England than France.非洲距离英国比距离法国远。
historic /h st r k/ adj[常用于名词前]历史上著名的;有历史意义的
famous or important in history:
a historic event 历史性事件
opinion / p nj n/ n
[c] 意见;看法;主张 what you think about sb/sth(view):
have /hold an opinion 持有看法
ask for / seek sb’s opinion 征询某人的意见
express/give /offer /voice an opinion 表达主张
in my opinion, learning English is a step-by-step process.
在我看来，学习英语是一个循序渐进的过程。
I was wondering if you could share your opinion about/on this topic.
我想知道您是否能就该话题谈谈您的看法。
I've changed my opinion of her. 我改变了对她的看法。
[u]群体的)观点;舆论 what people in general think about sth:
legal/medical opinion 法律/医学界的观点
Public opinion is in favor of change. 公众奔论支持改革。
[C]专家意见;专业意见:
get a lawyer s opinion on the question 请教律师对这个问题的意见
I'd like a second opinion ( =advice from another person)before I make a decision.
在做决定前我想再听听别人的意见。
have n high / low / good / poor opinion of 对……评价高/低/好/差
quote /kw t/
■.vt & w/ 引用;援引:
Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are given quoted in speeches of all kinds.
《未选择的路》这首诗里的诗们经常被引用在各种演讲中。
■n[C]引语;引文(quotation)
quotation/kw te n/ n[C]引文;引语(quote)
paraphrase / p r fre z/
■vt&vi (用更容易理解的文字)解释
■n[C)解释
comparison /k m p r sn/ n |C]&(U]比较;对比;相比:
make a comparison between sb/sth 比较某人/某物
By/In comparison with last year the price of beef has increased.
与去年相比，牛肉的价格上涨了。
contrast contra (against) + st (to stand)
■/k n trɑ st/vt&vi(使)形成对照;(使)形成对比:
In this book, the writer contrasts good with evil. 在这本书里，作者对善与恶进行了对比。
His actions contrast sharply with his promises.他的行动与诺言形成鲜明对比。
/ k ntrɑ st/n[C] &[U]差异;对比;对照:
the economic and social contrasts between the poor and the rich
穷人和富人之间的经济和社会差异
by / in contrast 相反;大不相同
in contrast with / to 与……对比;与……相反:
In contrast to his wife, Bush has little appetite for foreign travel.
与他的妻子不同，布什对出国旅游没什么兴趣。
make a contrast with 与……形成对比:
The white walls make a contrast with the black carper.
白色的墙壁与黑色的地毯形成了鲜明的对此。
identify /a dent fa / identity(身份)+-ify(to make,become 使、使变成)
确认;认出;识别
to recognize and correctly name sb/sth:根据人或事物的具体特证“识别”
He was too far away to be able to identify faces.他离得太远，认不出那些面孔。
One of the 17 people killed in the school shooting was identified as Jamie.
在学校枪击案中遇害的17人中有一人被认出是杰米。
找出:发现to find or discover sb/ sth:
Scientists have identified a link between diet and cancer
科学家们已发现了饮食与癌症之间的头联。
To be effective, you need to identify your strengths and concentrate on them.
要想有效果，你需要明确自己的优势并专注在这些方面。
表明……的身份 to be a sign that shows who or what sb / sth is:
His accent identified him as a Frenchman.他的口音表明他是法国人。
identify sb / sth with sth 认为某人/某物等同于某物:
You should not identify wealth with happiness.你不应该把财富与幸福等同起来。
identify with sb/sth 认同某人/某物;与某人/某物有同感:
I didn’t enjoy the book because I couldn’t identify with any of the main characters.
我不喜欢这本书，因为我无法与其中任何一个主角产生共鸣。
identification /a dent f ke n/ n identify +-ication(名词后缀)
[U]&[C] 识别:鉴定;确认 when you recognize sth or discover exactly what it is:
Each product in the supermarket has an identification member.
超市里的每件产品都有一个识别码。
Each unit leader needed a flag,or color, to be easily seen for identification during a battle.
战斗中，每个队长都需要一面旗子成一种颜色，容易看到，易于识别。
[U][缩写为ID]身份证明(文件):
We are all asked to show some identification - an identity card or a passport - before boarding
the plane.登机前我们都需要出示身份证明，如身份证或护照。
forever 永远;老是(for ever):
Nobody lives forever.没有人会永生。
She is forever talking.她总是喋喋不休。
1、*heritage / her t d /[U]【常用单数】遗产;传统
a World Heritage Site 世界遗址
creatively /kr e t vl / adv有创造力地;创造性地
2、creative /kri e t v/
■adj有创造力的;创造性的
creative work创造性的工作
when my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were.
当我妈妈看到我的作品时，她说我的设计非常有创意。
■n[U]创意;[C)搞创作的人
creativity / kri e t v t /n[U] 创造性;创造力
3、temple / templ/n [C] 庙宇;寺院;神殿
*relic / rel k/n[C]遗物;遗迹:
cultural relics文化遗产
4、mount /ma nt/
①vt&vi[正式用语](上);骑(上):
I mounted the steps and looked around me slowly. 我爬上台阶，慢慢环顾四周。
②vt组织;安排(arrange):
mount a protest /an exhibition 发起抗议/举办展览
③逐步增加
n(缩写为Mt)[用于山名前，其前不用冠词]山;峰:
Mount Everest/Mount Tai 珠穆朗玛峰/泰山
5、former / f m / adj
[只用于名词前]以前的;从前的;前任的:
He is my former colleague.他是我以前的同事。
(两者中)前面的:
in the former case 在前一种情况下
Fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.
鱼喜欢浅水甚于深水，因为前者更暖和。
the former ... the latter 前者……后者:
John and James are brothers. The former is a teacher; the latter is an engineer.
约翰和詹姆斯是兄弟，前者是老师，后者是工程师。
formerly / f m l /adv以前;从前(previously)
6、clue /klu:/[C]线索;提示
search for clues 搜寻线索
clueless / klu l s/adj[非正式用语]一无所知的;一窍不通的:
I was clueless about a maths problem for a whole week.
整整一个星期我对一道数学题都毫无头绪。
7、preserve /pr 'z3:v/ad vt 保护:保存(save)
preserve one's eyesight 保护视力
These eighteenth-century oil paintings are preserved so well that the visitors are greatly amazed.这些18世纪的油画保存得这么好，使参观者大为惊叹。
preservation / prez ve n/n[U]保护:保存:
In wilderness is the preservation of the world.世界存留于荒野之中。
8.promote /pr m t/R'vt(P3)pro-(forward)+ mot(to move)+-e
促进:推动
promote traditional cultures/festivals张杨传统文化/传承传统节日
All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
我们所有的项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。
Good listening can show respect, promote understanding and improve international relationship.认真聆听可以表示尊重，增进理解，并改善人际关系。
[常用于被动语态】晋升:→
He has been promoted to general manager他已被提升为总经理。
促销;推广
What is the advertisement promoting 这则广告在推销什么
promotion /pr m n/ n |CJ&(U) 晋升;促销;(U促进:promote+-ion(名词后缀)
get a promotion 获得晋升
9、app / p/ n |C] [ application的缩写]应用程序
10、application / pl ke n] n |C] & [U]
①申请;申请书;申请表:
a job application 求职申请
make /submit/put in an application 提交申请
fill in /out an application form)填写申请(表)
accept /reject sb’s application 接受/拒绝某人的申请
②应用;运用;[缩略为app]应用程序:
This is a new invention that will have a wide range of applications in industry.
这是一项可在工业上广泛应用的新发明。
11、take part (in)参加:参与
If Jim took part in the Talent Show,he'd win it for sure.如果古姆参加才艺大赛，他肯定会赢。
辨join, join in, take part in,attend四者都常译为“参加”
join 指加人一个团体、组织、群体，成为其中的一员。 join a club 加入一个俱乐部
join in 和 take part in 均指参与某活动,take part in 比 join 稍微正式.Can I join in (the game) 我加入(这个游戏)行吗
take part in a discussion /game/celebration 参加讨论/比赛/庆祝
attend 多指参加、出席会议等。
Only 12 people attended the meeting.只有12个人参加了这次会议。
Reading and Thinking
12、give way(to)让步(于);屈服(于):
give way to pressure在压力下让步
Cinemas have gradually given way to the rise of the Internet and cellphones.
电影院逐渐被新兴的网络和手机所取代。
13、balance / keep balance
balance/ b l ns/
n.
①|C]天平;秤:
Weigh it on the balance.在秤/天平上称它的重量
②[u][常用单数]平衡;均衡:
keep /lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡
Athletes need a good sense of balance.运动员要有良好的平衡感。
③|C][常用单数]余额;余款:
They were due to pay the balance on delivery.他们须将余款在到货时付清。
keep balance 保持平衡:
I think it's important to keep a balance between study and a social life, so I'm going to join a few clubs.我认为保持学习和杜交的平衡很重要，所以打算加入几个俱乐部。
on balance 总的说来 (after considering all the information):
On balance, I think we made the right decision. 总的来说，我认为我们做的决定是正确的。
■vt&vi(使)保持平衡;(使)均衡:
Hobbies help people balance between work and play. 业余爱好有助于人们平衡工作和娱乐。
balanced/ b l nst/ adj[常用于名词前】均衡的:
a balanced diet 均衡的饮食
14、lead to 导致；造成(result in)：
A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.缺乏自信会导致很多痛苦。
Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the apposite.
好习惯总是会带来高效率，而坏习惯则相反。
15、*dam /daem/lln |C] 坝;堤;水闸:
build/construct a dam 建水项
16、proposal / make a proposal
proposal /pr p zl/ n [C]&/U] 建议:提议:动议 (a formal suggestion or plan):
submit/draw up a proposal 提交建议/起草提案
approve/accept/reject a proposal同意/接受/否决提议
make / put forward a proposal 提出建议:
He made a proposal that the meeting (should) be postponed 他提议会议延期。
The committee put forward a proposal to reduce the time limit.
该委员会提出了一个缩短时限的建议。
propose /pr p z/ v
v[正式用语]提出;提议;建议 (to formally suggest sth as a possible plan or action):
propose a better solution 提出更好的解决方案
① propose doing sth:
The report proposes extending motorways.该报告建议拓宽机动车道。
② propose + that ... (should) do sth:
A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund (should) be established to raise money.
学院的一位教授提议设立基金会来募集资金。
vt[正式用语]打算;计划 (to intend to do sth):
propose doing / to do sth:
He proposed buying /to buy a new car 他打算买一辆新车。
vi & vt 求婚:
I've proposed to her. 我已经向她求婚了。
17、protest
■/ pr test / n |C]&|U]抗议;反对:
The film director resigned in protest at the decision.电影导演辞职以抗议此决定。
■/pr test/vi&vt抗议:反对:
protest a decision 反对一项决定
Animal rights activists protested against keeping wild animals in unnatural conditions.
动物保护主又者反对在非自然条件下饲养野生动物。
18、likely/ la kli/
■adj[常与 more,most 连用]可能的probablc 反 unlikely:
① be likely to do sth:
If you can find suitable learning methods, your learning efficiency is likely to improve.
如果你能找到合适的学习方法，学习效率就可能会提高。
The more exposed young people are to financial issues, the more likely they are to become responsible.年轻人接触的财务问题越多，越有可能变得有责任心。
■adv[常与most,more,very连用]可能probably;
When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow.
当一只狼嚎叫起来，其他的狼很可能也跟着叫。
Not likely![表示强烈的否定】绝不可能!才不呢!
unlikely/ n la kli/ adj不太可能的反likely;[只用于名词前]非想象中的:un-(not)+likely
I met him at the most unlikely place. 我在最意想不到的地方遇到了他。
①(be) unlikely to do sth:
Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to make a good researcher.
缺乏耐力和毂力的人不大可能成为优秀的研究人员。
19、turn to 转向;求助于:
Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in he city.
他们的话题转到了城市发生的变化。
Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.遇到困难时请向警察求助。
20、committee [k m ti] n [C][集体名词]委员会 (a group of people chosen to do s particular job make decisions etc):commit(承诺)+-ee(...人)
The committee has /have decided to dismiss him. 委员会已决定辞退他。
21、establish/ st bl / vt
建立;创立;设立(set up):
establish contact /a relationship with与……建立联系/关系
The company was established in 1980.这家公司成立于1980年。
确立;立足;得到认可:
By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California.
至20世纪 20年代，电影业在加利福尼亚州的好莱坞已站稳脚跟。
established / st bl t/adj已确立的;确定的:
an established fact 既定事实
establishment / st bl m nt/ n establish + -ment(名词后级)
(U]建立;设立;确立;创办:
The speaker announced the establishment of a new college. 发言人宣布了新学院的成立。
[C]【正式用语]机构;企业:
an educational establishment 教育机构
22、limit / l m t/
■n[C]
界限;边界:
in the city limits 在市区内
限度;限制:
a time/speed limit 时间/速度限制
Even below the drinking limit, driving will be affected.
即使是低于饮酒限度，开车也会受到影响。
极限:
He tried my patience to its limits.他把我的耐心逼到了极限。
■vt限制:限定:
limit ... to 将……限制在(某范围内):
I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.我认为教学不应该局限于教室之内。
limitation / l m te n/n[U&|C|限制;局限
limiting / l m t /adj限制性的
limitless / l m tl s/adj无限(制)的
23、prevent / prevent ... from ...
prevent /pr vent/.all vt 阻止;预防;防止:
They look for ways to prevent diseases by developing vaccines.
他们通过研发疫苗来寻找预防疾病的方法。
prevent sb /sth (from) doing sth:
There were many ways to prevent this from happening.有多种方法可以防止此事发生。
prevention /pr ven n/ n[U]防止;预防:
Prevention is better than cure预防胜于治疗。
24、loss /l s/ n [C] & [U]
①遗失;失去;丧失:事物的“失去”
a sense of loss 失落感
hair/hearing/weight loss脱发/听力丧失/体重减轻
loss of memory/memory loss 失忆
Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot in Canada.
珍妮因丢失了她在加拿太拍的照片而非常伤心。
② 死亡;去世:
I was trying to recover from the loss of my father. 我正努力从父亲的过世中恢复过来。
③亏损;损失 反profit:
The company made a loss of $100.000 last year. 公司去年亏损了10万美元。
If she leaves, it will be a big loss to the school. 如果她离开，这将是学校的一大损失。
(be)at a loss 感到迷惑;不知所措:
We are at a loss as to what kind of business to start.我们不知道该做什么生意。
25、contribution / k ntr bju n/ n |C( P4)contribute+-ion(名词后级)
贡献:
I admire Edison a lot because he made a great contribution to the world.
我很敬佩爱迪生，因为他为世界作出了巨大贡献。
捐款;捐献物:
I made a contribution ofs100 to /toward the church. 我给教堂捐了100 美元。
稿件;作品:→
This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers.
这是一本由著名旅行作家撰稿的杂志。
contribute/k n tr bju t/ vcon-(together)+tribute(贡品)
贡献;捐助:捐献:
It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money: 她很大方，捐了这么一大笔钱。 contribute (sth) to sth:
immigrants have contributed to American culture in many ways.
移民在许多方面都对美国文化有所贡献。
vi 造成/ 促使(某事发生)to help to make sth happen:
Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.
孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑都甚至犯罪。
Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses. 压力是诸多疾病的致病因素。
vt&vi投(稿);撰(稿):
She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.她给这家杂志撰写了许多文章。
contributor /k n tr bj t / n [C] 捐款人;撰稿人;起作用的因素
26、department /d pɑ tm nt /[C](医院、大学、公司、政府等)科;系;部:
the Department of Education/ Foreign Affairs 教育/外交部
the Sales Department 销售部
a department store 百货商场
the English department 英语系
27、fund /f nd/ ■n
(C)基金;专款:(复数]资金:
a disaster fund 球灾数
government funds 政府责金
[单数]基金会:
the United Nations Children’s Fund 联合国儿童基金会
vt为提供资金;资助:
a government-funded program政府责助的项目
28、within /w n/ prep 在…范围/时间以内:不超过:(P4)with+in
I completed the task within 40 minutes. 我在 40 分钟内完成了任务。
Put the tools within your reach.把工具放在你能够得着的地方。
29、investigate / n vest ɡe t/ vt & vi 调查;侦查;调查研究:
You"I have to stay here until we investigate this affair.
在我们调查清楚这件事之前，你必须待在这儿。
investigation / n vest ɡe n/ n [U] & |C] 调查;调查研究
30、issue / u /
n|C]
议题;争论的问题(尤指社会或政治方面)an important topic that's discussed or argued about:→The environmental issue is a worldwide problem. 环境问题是世界性的问题。
Food safety is an important issue involving the public health.
食品安全是关系到公众健康的重要问题。
(令人担忧的)问题a problem or worry that sb has with sth:
Money is not an issue. 钱不是问题。
■vt
公布;发布:
The minister issued a statement to the press. 部长向新闻界发表了声明。
(正式)发给;供给:
issue warm clothing to the survivors /issue the survivors with warm clothing
给幸存者分发御寒衣物
issue a passport/visa 签发护照/签证
发行:issue a magazine /a set of stamps 发行一本杂志/一套邮票
conduct ■/k n d kt /
v
vt[正式用语]引导;带领 to lead or guide sb through or around a place:
The guide conducted us around the West Lake. 导游带领我们游览了西湖。
vt&指挥(军队、乐队等):→
My friend went home, leaving me to conduct the band. 我朋友回家了，留下我指挥乐队。
vt[正式用语]实施;管理;进行 to organize or do a particular activity:“引导”组织或活动 conduct an experiment /an interview /a survey/a test进行实验/面试/调查/试验
So far we have conducted a variety of activities on English learning.
目前我们已经开展了各种各样的英语学习活动。
■/ k nd kt/ n [U][正式用语 ]
行为;举止(behavior):
Confucius suggested a principle for the conduct of life: "Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you."孔子提出一项生活行为准则:“已所不欲，勿施于人。"
经营方式;管理方式;组织方式:
His conduct of the business was very successful. 他经商非常成功。
32、document/ d kjument/(P4)
■n[C]文件;公文;(计算机)文档 ■vt记录/记载(详情)
documentary / d kju mentri/
■n[C]纪实节目;纪录片
■adj[只用于名词前]纪录的;纪实的;文件的
33、donate / donate ...to
donate /d ne t/ vt & vi
捐赠:赠送:→“捐赠”金钱、物品等
donate...to...
The reined man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake.
这位退休老人把大部分积营都捐给了那所在地震中受到破坏的学校。
献(血):捐献(器官)→
辩donate,contribute
二者均可表示“捐献”。后面均可接to。表示捐钱或衣物时，二者可互换使用。
It is more meaningful to donate / contribute books and sports goods to children in need.
把书和体育用品相给需要的孩子们更有意义。
Many people have donated that type of blood 很多人都献了那个血型的血。
donate 还可以表示献血。
contribute 侧重指“贡献”，通常指贡献财力、物力、智力等。此外，contribute 还可表示“促成”“起作用”“投稿”的意思。
I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.
我相信我们每一个人都能够对世界的未来有所贡献
Honesty and hand work contribute to success and happiness.
诚实加苦干有助于成功和幸福。
The scientist often contributes to an academic journal.这位科学家常常给一家学术期刊撰稿。
donation /d ne n/ n |C] & [U] 捐赠;赠送;捐赠物;捐款:donate.+-ion(名词后级)
a generous/large/small donation慷慨的/大量的/少量的捐助
34、disappear / d s p / vi 反appear:(P4)dis-(不)+appear
消失;不见;失踪:
He walked away and disappeared into a crowd of people.他走了，消失在人群中。
My pen was here a moment ago and now it has disappeared.
我的笔刚刚还在这儿，现在却不见了。
不复存在;灭绝:
That species disappeared in the lce Age.那个物种早在冰河时代就绝迹了。
disappearance /disapiarens/n|C|&[U]消失;灭绝
attempt/ tempt/
■n |C] & [U) 试图;尝试;努力 (try):
All attempts by the experts to cure him failed. 专家们治疗他的所有努力都失败了。
The town is banning plastic bags in an attempt to help the environment.
为改善环境，这个城镇禁用塑料袋。
The team made an attempt to climb /at climbing the mountain.这支队伍尝试着爬上那座山。 He made no attempt to hide his feelings.他毫不掩饰自己的情感。
■vt试图;尝试;企图 to try to do sth, especially sth difficult:
He did not attempt the last question in the examination.
在考试中他放弃了最后一道题
attempt to do sth:
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.
每年大约有四万人尝试去登非洲的最高峰--乞力马扎罗山。”
attempted / tempt d/l adj[只用于名词前]企图的;未遂的:
attempt+-ed attempted murder/robbery谋杀/抢劫未遂
make sure 弄清;查明;确保:
He arrived at the restaurant early to make sure of a seat.为确保有座位，他早早地到了餐馆。 They are trying to make sure that 5G signals will have been installed by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.他们正努力确保在2022.年北京冬奥会之前安装好 5G终端。
a worthwhile job 值得做的工作
worthwhile / w θ wa l / adj值得花时间/精力的:(ps)worth+while(n一段时间)
The smile on her face made it all worthwhile. 她脸上的笑容使得这一切都很值得。
We decided to give the money to a worthwhile cause (=one that helps people).
我们决定把这笔钱投入到高商的事业中。
it is worthwhile doing /to do sth:
It is worthwhile comparing / to compare prices.有必要比较一下价格。
Discovering Useful Structures
download / da n l d /
■vt&vi下载(文件):
We can download software, documents, and images whenever we need them.
我们可以在任何需要的时候下载软件、文移和图像。
■n[C]下载;已下载的数据资料
republic /r p bl k/ n|C]共和国:
the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国
professional /pr fe nl/ profession(职正)+al(形名词后做)
■adj职业的;专业的:
a professional tennis player 职业网球运动员
He dealt with the problem in a highly professional way.他处理这个问题非常专业。
■n[C]专业人士;职业选手:
There will be a rise in the demand for health care professionals.
对医疗保健专业人员的需求将会上升。
professionalism/pr fe n l z m/ n[U] 专业水准;专业素质;职业化
*arch(a)eologist / ɑ k l d st/ n |C] 考古学家
entrance / entr ns / n
[C]【常用单数]进入;入场:→
Everyone rose at the judges entrance.法官入场时，所有人都起立。
She made her entrance after all the other guests had arrived. 其他客人都到了之后她才到场。 [C]入口;门口反exit:“进入”的口
the station entrance 车站入口处
I'll meet you at the main entrance to / of the school. 我在学校的正门跟你见面。
[U]入场(或入会、入学等)权/费:一
an entrance fee 入场费
a school entrance examination 入学考试
Entrance to the museum is free.该博物馆免费入场.
*pyramid/ p r m d/ n(C)金字塔;(数学上的)角锥(体)
process / pr ses /
■n |C]
过程;进程:
It's the process not the end product that matters. 重要的是过程，而不是最终结果。
Getting fit again is a long slow process. 恢复健康是个漫长的过程。
We're still in the process of moving house. 我们还正在搬家呢。
工序;步骤:
This was the first stage of the printing process.这是印制过程的第一道工序。
in the process 同时:
I split the coffee, burning myself in the process.我把咖啡洒了出来，还烫到了自己。
■vt
加工:
Fat and salt are required to process the food that we eat. 加工我们所吃的食物需要有油和盐。
审核;处理(文件、请求等):
It will take a week for your application to be processed.审核你的申请需要一周的时间。
processor/ pr ses (r)/n|C]加工者;处理器
overseas / v si z/ over + sea + s
■adv在国外;向海外:
He is going to work overseas.他将去国外工作。
■adj海外的;国外的:
I received an overseas phone call from my friend in Paris.
我接到了一个在巴黎的朋友打来的越洋电话。
exit / eks t/
■n[C]
出口;通道;安全门 反entrance
entrance an emergency exit 紧急出口
[常用单数]退场;退出:
make an exit 退场
■vi& vt离开;退场;退出(电脑程序)
Listening and Talking
sheet/ i t/ n[C]
被单;床单:
change bed sheets 换床单
一张(纸):(一)片:(一)块:
a sheet of paper 一张纸
answer/fact sheets答题纸/事实清单:资料页
In winter, the mountains are covered in sheets of white frost.冬天，山上覆盖着一层白霜。
*parade /p re d/(P7)
■n/[C](庆祝)游行;阅兵式
■vi.游行庆祝:游行示威
mirror / m r (r)
■n |C]
镜子:
look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子
a wing mirror 后视镜
【用单数】(真实的)写照(reflection):
Dickens 'novels are a mirror of his times.狄更斯的小说是他那个时代的写照。
■vt映照;反映(reflect):
The trees were mirrored in the still water of the lake.树木倒映在静静的湖水中。
a TV play that mirrors modern society反映现代社会的电视剧
roof /ru f/ n [C] (pl/ roofs) 屋顶
under the same roof 同在一个屋檐下
dragon/ dr ɡ n/ n[C]龙:
The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in the Warring States period of ancient China. 端午节是为了纪念中国古代战国时期的伟大诗人屈原。
forgive /f ɡ v/ (forgave,forgiven)vt 原谅;宽恕:
One of my favorite sayings is "Understand all and forgive all."
我最喜欢的一句话是“理解一切，宽怒一切”。
① forgive sb sth:
They forgave him his rudeness.他们原谅了他的无礼。
② forgive sb for (doing) sth:
Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. 原谅自己所犯的错误
Forgive me for interrupting. but I have something urgent to tell you.
请原谅我打断一下，但是我有要紧事要告诉你。
forgive and forget 不念旧恶;不记仇:
It is a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society:
不记仇是一种美德，特别是在这样一个竞争激烈、有压力的社会中。
sb could / might be forgiven for doing sth 某人做某事虽然错却是可以理解的
forgiveness /e grvnes/n |U] 原谅;宽恕
Reading for Writing
digital/ d d tl/ adj数字的;数码的:
the digital age / a digital camera 数字时代/数码相机
image /image n[C]&[U]影像:图像;形象;印象:
He saw the image of his face in the mirror. 他在镜子里看到了自己的脸。
Littering makes our school dirty, and does harm to the image of our school.
乱扔垃圾使我们的学校脏乱，并且有损学校的形象。
Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us.
有趣的是，我们的自我形象和别人对我们的印象往往大相径庭。
cave /ke v/.n (C| 山洞;洞穴:
the Mogao Caves 莫高窟;千佛洞
throughout /θru a t/ through + out
■prep 通及:整个……期间:
throughout the country/world 遍及全国/全世界
throughout history /one's life 纵观历史/毕生
■adv到处;始终:
The house is painted green throughout. 这座房子全被刷成了绿色。
The ceremony lasted twp hours and we had to stand throughout.
仪式进行了两个小时，我们自始至终都得站着。
quality/ kw l ti/
■n
[C]&|U|特性;特征:
The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty.
文学的第一个特征是它对真与美的描写。
[C]&[U]质;质量:→产品品质的“特性”
goods of poor quality/poor-quality goods 劣质货物
improve the quality of life 改善生活质量
This model is of good / high quality, but it’s too expensive.这个型号质量好，但太贵。
[C][常用复数]品质;品德:
the quality of honesty诚实的品性
What qualities does a great person have 伟人具有什么样的品德
[U]优质:→
products of quality优质产品
■adj[只用于名词前]优质的;高质量的
all over the world 在世界各地:
Countries all over the world name places in similar ways.
全世界的国家都用相似的方式给地方命名。
tradition /tr d n/ n [C]&[U]传统;风俗:
The tradition of the Dragon Boat Festival started more than 2,000 years ago.
端午节的传统始于两千多年前。
further/ f (r)/ [far的比较级]
■adv(距离、时间、程度上)更远地;进一步地:
I would be delighted to have the opportunity to discuss my application further with you.
我很高兴有机会与您进一步讨论我的申请。
I can lend you 50 dollars, but I can't go any further than that.
我可以借给你50美元，不能再多了。
■adj[只用于名词前](距商、时间、程度上)更远的;进一步的;更多的:
at the further end of the room 在屋子的那一头
He have decided to take no further action.我们决定不采取进一步行动。
My cousin left home to Australia for his further study last year.
我表弟去年离开家去澳大利亚深造。
Visit our website for further details/information.欲知详情，请访问我们的网站。
■vt促进;增进:
Education needn’t only be about furthering your career. 教育并非仅仅是为促进事业发展。
He went to the UK to further his studies.他去了英国深造。
辨further,farther
两者都为far的比较级，但是farther只用于本义“(空间距离上的)更远”
Africa is further /farther from England than France.非洲距离英国比距离法国远。
historic /h st r k/ adj[常用于名词前]历史上著名的;有历史意义的
famous or important in history:
a historic event 历史性事件
opinion / p nj n/ n
[c] 意见;看法;主张 what you think about sb/sth(view):
have /hold an opinion 持有看法
ask for / seek sb’s opinion 征询某人的意见
express/give /offer /voice an opinion 表达主张
in my opinion, learning English is a step-by-step process.
在我看来，学习英语是一个循序渐进的过程。
I was wondering if you could share your opinion about/on this topic.
我想知道您是否能就该话题谈谈您的看法。
I've changed my opinion of her. 我改变了对她的看法。
[u]群体的)观点;舆论 what people in general think about sth:
legal/medical opinion 法律/医学界的观点
Public opinion is in favor of change. 公众奔论支持改革。
[C]专家意见;专业意见:
get a lawyer s opinion on the question 请教律师对这个问题的意见
I'd like a second opinion ( =advice from another person)before I make a decision.
在做决定前我想再听听别人的意见。
have n high / low / good / poor opinion of 对……评价高/低/好/差
quote /kw t/
■.vt & w/ 引用;援引:
Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are given quoted in speeches of all kinds.
《未选择的路》这首诗里的诗们经常被引用在各种演讲中。
■n[C]引语;引文(quotation)
quotation/kw te n/ n[C]引文;引语(quote)
paraphrase / p r fre z/
■vt&vi (用更容易理解的文字)解释
■n[C)解释
comparison /k m p r sn/ n |C]&(U]比较;对比;相比:
make a comparison between sb/sth 比较某人/某物
By/In comparison with last year the price of beef has increased.
与去年相比，牛肉的价格上涨了。
contrast contra (against) + st (to stand)
■/k n trɑ st/vt&vi(使)形成对照;(使)形成对比:
In this book, the writer contrasts good with evil. 在这本书里，作者对善与恶进行了对比。
His actions contrast sharply with his promises.他的行动与诺言形成鲜明对比。
/ k ntrɑ st/n[C] &[U]差异;对比;对照:
the economic and social contrasts between the poor and the rich
穷人和富人之间的经济和社会差异
by / in contrast 相反;大不相同
in contrast with / to 与……对比;与……相反:
In contrast to his wife, Bush has little appetite for foreign travel.
与他的妻子不同，布什对出国旅游没什么兴趣。
make a contrast with 与……形成对比:
The white walls make a contrast with the black carper.
白色的墙壁与黑色的地毯形成了鲜明的对此。
identify /a dent fa / identity(身份)+-ify(to make,become 使、使变成)
确认;认出;识别
to recognize and correctly name sb/sth:根据人或事物的具体特证“识别”
He was too far away to be able to identify faces.他离得太远，认不出那些面孔。
One of the 17 people killed in the school shooting was identified as Jamie.
在学校枪击案中遇害的17人中有一人被认出是杰米。
找出:发现to find or discover sb/ sth:
Scientists have identified a link between diet and cancer
科学家们已发现了饮食与癌症之间的头联。
To be effective, you need to identify your strengths and concentrate on them.
要想有效果，你需要明确自己的优势并专注在这些方面。
表明……的身份 to be a sign that shows who or what sb / sth is:
His accent identified him as a Frenchman.他的口音表明他是法国人。
identify sb / sth with sth 认为某人/某物等同于某物:
You should not identify wealth with happiness.你不应该把财富与幸福等同起来。
identify with sb/sth 认同某人/某物;与某人/某物有同感:
I didn’t enjoy the book because I couldn’t identify with any of the main characters.
我不喜欢这本书，因为我无法与其中任何一个主角产生共鸣。
identification /a dent f ke n/ n identify +-ication(名词后缀)
[U]&[C] 识别:鉴定;确认 when you recognize sth or discover exactly what it is:
Each product in the supermarket has an identification member.
超市里的每件产品都有一个识别码。
Each unit leader needed a flag,or color, to be easily seen for identification during a battle.
战斗中，每个队长都需要一面旗子成一种颜色，容易看到，易于识别。
[U][缩写为ID]身份证明(文件):
We are all asked to show some identification - an identity card or a passport - before boarding
the plane.登机前我们都需要出示身份证明，如身份证或护照。
forever 永远;老是(for ever):
Nobody lives forever.没有人会永生。
She is forever talking.她总是喋喋不休。