人教版（2019）必修第二册：Unit 3 The Internet Reading and Thinking.单元小练（含答案）
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Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking期末复习通关练
一、单句语法填空
1.There are ____________(count) stars in the sky for us to observe.
2.The most ____________(update) information can be downloaded from the Internet.
3.The old couple raised a pet dog ____________(keep) them company.
4.By taking part in after-school activities,you can develop your ability ____________(make) new friends.
5.The Internet bridges the digital divide and makes it ____________(access) to people.
6.I got the ____________(inspire) of writing this book from a novel.
二、选词填空
no longer out of work in the distance now that keep sb company have access to
go through be of benefit to
1.It ________________________our health to take proper exercise regularly.
2.When you’re ________________________difficulties,it often helps to talk to someone.
3.____________ you’ve known about it,I needn’t tell you again.
4.They ____________live here;they’ve moved to their new house.
5.It’s said that some pets will ____________as long as you want them.
6.The people living in these apartments can ____________that swimming pool for free.
7.She was ________________________when the factory closed.
8.I saw a car ________________________moving towards us.
三、完形填空
My son is sitting in front of the computer.For an hour,he has been 1 quickly and clicking madly.But Henry’s not playing 2 ,but trying to complete his science assignment.
“Watch this!” Henry 3 to me loudly.At that moment,I’m using to follow a 4 for tonight’s dinner and my daughter is chatting on her cell phone.Then I step away from the laptop.Henry types his 5 on screen and the computer quickly 6 “Henry” into its Braille(盲文) equivalent.Then I hear a sound informing me of an instant message popping up on my 7 :It’s my mum in South Carolina.
8 has certainly changed family life from the way we communicate to the way we tend our personal business and entertain ourselves.It’s a 9 new world.The family computer is almost as 10 as the microwave oven.Millions of cell phones keep 11 connected.Kids have portable video game systems and the Internet is becoming the tool of choice for checking the news, 12 flowers,and paying the electric bill.
This wonderland of information and entertainment 13 families amazing ways to connect,learn,and grow.But as parents,we know a storm of 14 has come along with this trend.We struggle to limit children’s screen time and 15 them from virus,cheats and privacy theft.
1.A.typing B.writing C.speaking D.thinking
2.A.jokes B.games C.sports D.roles
3.A.promises B.writes C.comes D.calls
4.A.advice B.plan C.recipe D.road
5.A.sister B.homework C.comment D.name
6.A.helps B.changes C.forces D.persuades
7.A.phone B.notebook C.mind D.watch
8.A.Technology B.Environment C.Communication D.Education
9.A.suddenly B.hardly C.completely D.firmly
10.A.simple B.interesting C.common D.useful
11.A.families B.teachers C.friends D.neighbours
12.A.planting B.ordering C.drawing D.producing
13.A.provides B.commands C.influences D.offers
14.A.winds B.disasters C.challenges D.attacks
15.A.remove B.save C.choose D.protect
四、阅读理解
Never play games with a bot(robot)—it will find a way to cheat if it can. A team from OpenAI, an artificial intelligence lab in San Francisco, has developed artificially intelligent bots that taught themselves to cooperate by playing hide-and-seek. The bots also learned how to use basic tools to help them win.
Bowen Baker at Open AI and his colleagues wanted to see if the team-based dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day be useful to humans.
The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated (模拟的) environment filled with fixed walls, movable boxes and ladders, and left them to play team games of hide-and-seek. The bots each had their own view of the world and couldn’t communicate with each other directly.
At first, the hiders simply ran away. But they soon worked out that the quickest way to stop the seekers was to find objects in the environment to hide themselves from view. The seekers learned that they could move boxes around and use them to climb over walls. The bots then discovered that being a team-player -passing objects to each other or cooperating on a hideout -was the quickest way to win.
But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults. Seekers found that if they pushed a ladder towards a wall, they could launch themselves into the air and spot hiders from above. Hiders found that they could get rid of the ladders by pushing them aside.
It shows that AIs are able to find solutions that humans miss, says Baker. “Maybe they’ll even be able to solve problems that humans don’t yet know how to.” However, it is a large leap (跳跃) from virtual hide and seek to real problem-solving. “The main limitation is that it is in simulation,” says Chelsea Finn at Stanford University.
1. Why did Bowen and his colleagues conduct the research
A. To teach bots to play games.
B. To train bots to use basic tools.
C. To find if bots may cheat like humans.
D. To see the potential of robots cooperation.
2. What’s the third paragraph mainly about
A. The tools of the research. B. The design of the research.
C. The competitors of the game. D. The environment of the game.
3. What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Passing objects. B. Moving boxes around.
C. Making use of faults. D. Hiding themselves from view.
4. What does Chelsea think of the finding of the research
A. It can bridge a gap in the AI research.
B. It will not be influenced by the real world.
C. It will definitely help the real problem-solving.
D. It may not be realized out of the virtual world.
五、七选五
So often we find ourselves on autopilot—waking up in the same home, putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same-old job. ①_______ And while it’s perfectly natural for humans to stick to routine, there’s much to be discovered beyond the limits of our comfort zones.
There is no exception to a man aged 53. ②_______ He knew it was going to be hard to find another job. He also knew it was now or never to pursue his lifelong dream of owning his own restaurant. But he was too old to compete with the young and too weak to do any labor work.
③_______ He didn’t want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself. Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.
④_______ Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期). ⑤_______ But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day. He had to borrow money from friends and relatives. After that, he changed the name to Black Dog Coffee, and made it alive again. Eighteen years later, they’re still there and doing better than ever. Brian says he’s extremely grateful for the decision to make a change.
A. Then came the opportunity.
B. The thought filled him with anxiety.
C. That was exactly what Brian needed.
D. Even our New Year’s decisions to change hardly make it.
E. With the support of his family, he took a job in the local cafe.
F. Several weeks after consideration, he decided to have a change.
G. Brian Mockenhaupt got fired from a senior management position.
六、语篇填空
The Internet has become a part of young people’s life.A report 1.____________(show) that 38% of students often use the Internet.Most of them get useful 2.____________(inform) on the Internet or use the Internet to help with their studies.But some students don’t use it in 3. ___________ good way.Some play computer games too much;some visit websites that 4. ___________ (their) shouldn’t visit.Bad things may happen if students spend too much time on the Internet.5.____________ is important for students to use the Internet 6. ___________ (proper).Now we have a textbook,7.____________ uses many examples 8.____________(teach) students some good ways to use the Internet.It gives useful 9. ___________ (advise).Some students also make friends on the Internet.But if you want to have a face-to-face 10.____________(meet) with your online friends,let your parents know and meet in a proper place.
参考答案
一、单句语法填空
1.countless 2.updated 3.to keep 4.o make
5.accessible 6.inspiration
二、选词填空
1.is of benefit to 2.going through 3.Now that
4.no longer 5.keep you company 6.have access to
7.out of work 8.n the distance
三、完形填空
1.A根据下文可知,作者的儿子在电脑上完成作业,他快速地打字和点击。故选A项。
2.B他在做作业而不是玩游戏。故选B项。
3.D根据前面的“Watch this!”以及空格后面的“loudly”可知,亨利大声喊我,让我过去看什么东西。故选D项。
4.C根据后面的for tonight’s dinner可推测作者作为一个母亲,肩负着做饭的重任,此时正在网上学习食谱。故选C项。
5.D根据后面的“...the computer quickly 6 ‘Henry’ into its Braille equivalent.”可知,作者儿子在电脑屏幕上打出的是他自己的名字。故选D项。
6.B电脑很快把“Henry”这个名字转变成了盲文。(这是亨利喊作者来看的稀罕事),change...into...为固定搭配,意为“把……转变成……”。
7.B一条即时信息突然出现在我的笔记本桌面上。此处指上文提到的作者查阅食谱用的laptop。故选B项。
8.A根据文章内容,此处指科技改变了我们的家庭生活,而不是环境、通讯或教育。故选A项。
9.C句意:这是一个完全新的世界。suddenly“突然地”;hardly“几乎不”;completely“完全地”;firmly“坚定地”。故选C项。
10.C根据上下文可知,此处主要指电脑家家都有,就像微波炉一样普及。故选C项。
11.A根据上文中的My son,my daughter和my mum,可知手机把家人们联系在一起。故选A项。
12.B空前后说人们利用网络查信息、交电费,所以此处也应该指利用网络做某种事情。根据逻辑关系,应该是指用网络订购鲜花。故选B项。
13.D网络给家庭成员的联系、学习和成长提供了神奇的方法。provide sb with sth/provide sth to sb/offer sb sth/offer sth to sb为固定搭配,意为“给某人提供某物”;command“命令”;influence“影响”。根据文中的 13 families amazing ways to connect可知,应用offer。故选D项。
14.C根据下文列举的网络上出现的问题,可知网络的流行是个趋势,但伴随这个趋势而来的是一系列的挑战。故C项符合语境。
15.D父母要保护孩子不受病毒、骗子和隐私盗窃的侵害。故选D项。
四、阅读理解
1.细节理解题。根据第二段Bowen Baker at Open AI and his colleagues wanted to see if the team-based dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day be useful to humans.可知OpenAI的Bowen Baker和他的同事们想看看OpenAI 5的团队合作能力能否被用来产生将来对人类有用的技能。由此可知，Bowen和他的同事进行这项研究，是为了看机器人合作的潜力。故选D。
2.主旨大意题。根据第三段The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated (模拟的) environment filled with fixed walls, movable boxes and ladders, and left them to play team games of hide-and-seek. The bots each had their own view of the world and couldn’t communicate with each other directly.可知研究人员将他们的机器人置于一个充满固定墙壁、可移动的盒子和梯子的模拟环境中，让它们玩团队捉迷藏游戏。每个机器人都有自己的世界观，不能直接与对方交流。由此可知，第三段主要讲了研究设计。故选B。
3.词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults. Seekers found that if they pushed a ladder towards a wall, they could launch themselves into the air and spot hiders from above. Hiders found that they could get rid of the ladders by pushing them aside.可知但真正令人惊讶的是，当机器人开始利用问题或缺陷。搜索者发现，如果他们把梯子推到墙上，他们就能跳到空中，从上面找到躲藏者。躲藏者发现他们可以把梯子推到一边来摆脱它们。由此可知，机器人利用问题或故障的行为，表明人工智能能够找到人类所忽略的解决方案。即it指的是“利用缺陷”。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The main limitation is that it is in simulation,” says Chelsea Finn at Stanford University.可知斯坦福大学的Chelsea Finn表示：“主要的限制在于它处于模拟状态。”由此可推知，Chelsea认为这项研究的发现在虚拟世界之外可能无法实现。故选D
五、七选五
1.D. Even our New Year's decisions to change hardly make it. 解析:根据上文 So often we find ourselves on autopilot-waking up in the same home, putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same-old job. 可知所以,我们经常发现自己处于自动驾驶状态—在同一个家里醒来,穿上同样的衣服,乘坐同样的交通工具去做同样的工作。由此可知,本句承接上文说明,人们总是在重复相同的事情,所以做出改变的决定往往变得很难实现。故D选项“即使我们在新年做出改变的决定也很难实现”符合语境,故选D。
2.G. Brian Mockenhaupt got laid off from a senior management position. 解析:根据后文 He knew it was going to be hard to find another job. 可知他知道再找一份工作会很困难。由此可知,本句应当是在说明某一个人下岗失去了工作的事情,结合下一段中 Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.(Mockenhaupt 太太也积极鼓励他向前看,认为这是他们俩人开创自己事业的绝佳机会,有足够的时间,没有孩子的打扰)可知这个人就是 Brian Mockenhaupt。故G选项“Brian Mockenhaupt 从一个高级管理职位上下岗了”符合语境,故选G。
3.F. Several weeks after consideration, he decided to have a change. 解析:根据后文 He didn't want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself. Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children. 可知他不想让自己的下半生无所事事地可怜自己。Mockenhaupt 太太也积极鼓励他维续生活,认为这是他们俩人开创自己事业的绝佳机会,有足够的时间,没有孩子的打扰。由此可知,Brian Mockenhaupt 决定做出一些改变,因为他不想让自己的下半生无所事事地可怜自己。故F选项“经过几个星期的考虑,他决定改变一下”符合语境,故选F。
4.A. Then came the opportunity. 解析:根据后文 Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home-an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期). 可知 Brian 在离他家8个街区的地方找到了他想要的东西——一家现有的咖啡馆,该咖啡馆的业绩不佳,其老板想要解除租约。由此可知,上一段提到 Brian 想要改变一下,后文提到有一家咖啡馆想要解除租约,说明 Brian 改变的机会来了。故A选项“机会来了“符合语境,故选A。
5.C. That was exactly what Brian needed. 解析:根据上文 Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home-an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期).(Brian 在离他家8个街区的地方找到了他想要的东西一家现有的咖啡馆,该咖啡馆的业绩不佳,其老板想要解除租约)以及后文 But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day. He had to borrow money from friends and relatives.(但问题是,他从来没有为这一天做过财务计划。他不得不向亲戚朋友借钱)由此可知,离家不远就有咖啡馆可以接手,这正是渴望改变的 Brian 所需要的的。后文他向亲戚朋友借钱也说明他想要租下咖啡馆。故C选项“这正是 Brian 所需要的“符合语境,故选C。
六、语篇填空
1.shows 2.information 3.a 4.they 5.It 6.properly 7.which 8.to teach 9.advice 10.meeting
一、单句语法填空
1.There are ____________(count) stars in the sky for us to observe.
2.The most ____________(update) information can be downloaded from the Internet.
3.The old couple raised a pet dog ____________(keep) them company.
4.By taking part in after-school activities,you can develop your ability ____________(make) new friends.
5.The Internet bridges the digital divide and makes it ____________(access) to people.
6.I got the ____________(inspire) of writing this book from a novel.
二、选词填空
no longer out of work in the distance now that keep sb company have access to
go through be of benefit to
1.It ________________________our health to take proper exercise regularly.
2.When you’re ________________________difficulties,it often helps to talk to someone.
3.____________ you’ve known about it,I needn’t tell you again.
4.They ____________live here;they’ve moved to their new house.
5.It’s said that some pets will ____________as long as you want them.
6.The people living in these apartments can ____________that swimming pool for free.
7.She was ________________________when the factory closed.
8.I saw a car ________________________moving towards us.
三、完形填空
My son is sitting in front of the computer.For an hour,he has been 1 quickly and clicking madly.But Henry’s not playing 2 ,but trying to complete his science assignment.
“Watch this!” Henry 3 to me loudly.At that moment,I’m using to follow a 4 for tonight’s dinner and my daughter is chatting on her cell phone.Then I step away from the laptop.Henry types his 5 on screen and the computer quickly 6 “Henry” into its Braille(盲文) equivalent.Then I hear a sound informing me of an instant message popping up on my 7 :It’s my mum in South Carolina.
8 has certainly changed family life from the way we communicate to the way we tend our personal business and entertain ourselves.It’s a 9 new world.The family computer is almost as 10 as the microwave oven.Millions of cell phones keep 11 connected.Kids have portable video game systems and the Internet is becoming the tool of choice for checking the news, 12 flowers,and paying the electric bill.
This wonderland of information and entertainment 13 families amazing ways to connect,learn,and grow.But as parents,we know a storm of 14 has come along with this trend.We struggle to limit children’s screen time and 15 them from virus,cheats and privacy theft.
1.A.typing B.writing C.speaking D.thinking
2.A.jokes B.games C.sports D.roles
3.A.promises B.writes C.comes D.calls
4.A.advice B.plan C.recipe D.road
5.A.sister B.homework C.comment D.name
6.A.helps B.changes C.forces D.persuades
7.A.phone B.notebook C.mind D.watch
8.A.Technology B.Environment C.Communication D.Education
9.A.suddenly B.hardly C.completely D.firmly
10.A.simple B.interesting C.common D.useful
11.A.families B.teachers C.friends D.neighbours
12.A.planting B.ordering C.drawing D.producing
13.A.provides B.commands C.influences D.offers
14.A.winds B.disasters C.challenges D.attacks
15.A.remove B.save C.choose D.protect
四、阅读理解
Never play games with a bot(robot)—it will find a way to cheat if it can. A team from OpenAI, an artificial intelligence lab in San Francisco, has developed artificially intelligent bots that taught themselves to cooperate by playing hide-and-seek. The bots also learned how to use basic tools to help them win.
Bowen Baker at Open AI and his colleagues wanted to see if the team-based dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day be useful to humans.
The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated (模拟的) environment filled with fixed walls, movable boxes and ladders, and left them to play team games of hide-and-seek. The bots each had their own view of the world and couldn’t communicate with each other directly.
At first, the hiders simply ran away. But they soon worked out that the quickest way to stop the seekers was to find objects in the environment to hide themselves from view. The seekers learned that they could move boxes around and use them to climb over walls. The bots then discovered that being a team-player -passing objects to each other or cooperating on a hideout -was the quickest way to win.
But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults. Seekers found that if they pushed a ladder towards a wall, they could launch themselves into the air and spot hiders from above. Hiders found that they could get rid of the ladders by pushing them aside.
It shows that AIs are able to find solutions that humans miss, says Baker. “Maybe they’ll even be able to solve problems that humans don’t yet know how to.” However, it is a large leap (跳跃) from virtual hide and seek to real problem-solving. “The main limitation is that it is in simulation,” says Chelsea Finn at Stanford University.
1. Why did Bowen and his colleagues conduct the research
A. To teach bots to play games.
B. To train bots to use basic tools.
C. To find if bots may cheat like humans.
D. To see the potential of robots cooperation.
2. What’s the third paragraph mainly about
A. The tools of the research. B. The design of the research.
C. The competitors of the game. D. The environment of the game.
3. What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Passing objects. B. Moving boxes around.
C. Making use of faults. D. Hiding themselves from view.
4. What does Chelsea think of the finding of the research
A. It can bridge a gap in the AI research.
B. It will not be influenced by the real world.
C. It will definitely help the real problem-solving.
D. It may not be realized out of the virtual world.
五、七选五
So often we find ourselves on autopilot—waking up in the same home, putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same-old job. ①_______ And while it’s perfectly natural for humans to stick to routine, there’s much to be discovered beyond the limits of our comfort zones.
There is no exception to a man aged 53. ②_______ He knew it was going to be hard to find another job. He also knew it was now or never to pursue his lifelong dream of owning his own restaurant. But he was too old to compete with the young and too weak to do any labor work.
③_______ He didn’t want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself. Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.
④_______ Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期). ⑤_______ But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day. He had to borrow money from friends and relatives. After that, he changed the name to Black Dog Coffee, and made it alive again. Eighteen years later, they’re still there and doing better than ever. Brian says he’s extremely grateful for the decision to make a change.
A. Then came the opportunity.
B. The thought filled him with anxiety.
C. That was exactly what Brian needed.
D. Even our New Year’s decisions to change hardly make it.
E. With the support of his family, he took a job in the local cafe.
F. Several weeks after consideration, he decided to have a change.
G. Brian Mockenhaupt got fired from a senior management position.
六、语篇填空
The Internet has become a part of young people’s life.A report 1.____________(show) that 38% of students often use the Internet.Most of them get useful 2.____________(inform) on the Internet or use the Internet to help with their studies.But some students don’t use it in 3. ___________ good way.Some play computer games too much;some visit websites that 4. ___________ (their) shouldn’t visit.Bad things may happen if students spend too much time on the Internet.5.____________ is important for students to use the Internet 6. ___________ (proper).Now we have a textbook,7.____________ uses many examples 8.____________(teach) students some good ways to use the Internet.It gives useful 9. ___________ (advise).Some students also make friends on the Internet.But if you want to have a face-to-face 10.____________(meet) with your online friends,let your parents know and meet in a proper place.
参考答案
一、单句语法填空
1.countless 2.updated 3.to keep 4.o make
5.accessible 6.inspiration
二、选词填空
1.is of benefit to 2.going through 3.Now that
4.no longer 5.keep you company 6.have access to
7.out of work 8.n the distance
三、完形填空
1.A根据下文可知,作者的儿子在电脑上完成作业,他快速地打字和点击。故选A项。
2.B他在做作业而不是玩游戏。故选B项。
3.D根据前面的“Watch this!”以及空格后面的“loudly”可知,亨利大声喊我,让我过去看什么东西。故选D项。
4.C根据后面的for tonight’s dinner可推测作者作为一个母亲,肩负着做饭的重任,此时正在网上学习食谱。故选C项。
5.D根据后面的“...the computer quickly 6 ‘Henry’ into its Braille equivalent.”可知,作者儿子在电脑屏幕上打出的是他自己的名字。故选D项。
6.B电脑很快把“Henry”这个名字转变成了盲文。(这是亨利喊作者来看的稀罕事),change...into...为固定搭配,意为“把……转变成……”。
7.B一条即时信息突然出现在我的笔记本桌面上。此处指上文提到的作者查阅食谱用的laptop。故选B项。
8.A根据文章内容,此处指科技改变了我们的家庭生活,而不是环境、通讯或教育。故选A项。
9.C句意:这是一个完全新的世界。suddenly“突然地”;hardly“几乎不”;completely“完全地”;firmly“坚定地”。故选C项。
10.C根据上下文可知,此处主要指电脑家家都有,就像微波炉一样普及。故选C项。
11.A根据上文中的My son,my daughter和my mum,可知手机把家人们联系在一起。故选A项。
12.B空前后说人们利用网络查信息、交电费,所以此处也应该指利用网络做某种事情。根据逻辑关系,应该是指用网络订购鲜花。故选B项。
13.D网络给家庭成员的联系、学习和成长提供了神奇的方法。provide sb with sth/provide sth to sb/offer sb sth/offer sth to sb为固定搭配,意为“给某人提供某物”;command“命令”;influence“影响”。根据文中的 13 families amazing ways to connect可知,应用offer。故选D项。
14.C根据下文列举的网络上出现的问题,可知网络的流行是个趋势,但伴随这个趋势而来的是一系列的挑战。故C项符合语境。
15.D父母要保护孩子不受病毒、骗子和隐私盗窃的侵害。故选D项。
四、阅读理解
1.细节理解题。根据第二段Bowen Baker at Open AI and his colleagues wanted to see if the team-based dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day be useful to humans.可知OpenAI的Bowen Baker和他的同事们想看看OpenAI 5的团队合作能力能否被用来产生将来对人类有用的技能。由此可知，Bowen和他的同事进行这项研究，是为了看机器人合作的潜力。故选D。
2.主旨大意题。根据第三段The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated (模拟的) environment filled with fixed walls, movable boxes and ladders, and left them to play team games of hide-and-seek. The bots each had their own view of the world and couldn’t communicate with each other directly.可知研究人员将他们的机器人置于一个充满固定墙壁、可移动的盒子和梯子的模拟环境中，让它们玩团队捉迷藏游戏。每个机器人都有自己的世界观，不能直接与对方交流。由此可知，第三段主要讲了研究设计。故选B。
3.词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults. Seekers found that if they pushed a ladder towards a wall, they could launch themselves into the air and spot hiders from above. Hiders found that they could get rid of the ladders by pushing them aside.可知但真正令人惊讶的是，当机器人开始利用问题或缺陷。搜索者发现，如果他们把梯子推到墙上，他们就能跳到空中，从上面找到躲藏者。躲藏者发现他们可以把梯子推到一边来摆脱它们。由此可知，机器人利用问题或故障的行为，表明人工智能能够找到人类所忽略的解决方案。即it指的是“利用缺陷”。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The main limitation is that it is in simulation,” says Chelsea Finn at Stanford University.可知斯坦福大学的Chelsea Finn表示：“主要的限制在于它处于模拟状态。”由此可推知，Chelsea认为这项研究的发现在虚拟世界之外可能无法实现。故选D
五、七选五
1.D. Even our New Year's decisions to change hardly make it. 解析:根据上文 So often we find ourselves on autopilot-waking up in the same home, putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same-old job. 可知所以,我们经常发现自己处于自动驾驶状态—在同一个家里醒来,穿上同样的衣服,乘坐同样的交通工具去做同样的工作。由此可知,本句承接上文说明,人们总是在重复相同的事情,所以做出改变的决定往往变得很难实现。故D选项“即使我们在新年做出改变的决定也很难实现”符合语境,故选D。
2.G. Brian Mockenhaupt got laid off from a senior management position. 解析:根据后文 He knew it was going to be hard to find another job. 可知他知道再找一份工作会很困难。由此可知,本句应当是在说明某一个人下岗失去了工作的事情,结合下一段中 Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.(Mockenhaupt 太太也积极鼓励他向前看,认为这是他们俩人开创自己事业的绝佳机会,有足够的时间,没有孩子的打扰)可知这个人就是 Brian Mockenhaupt。故G选项“Brian Mockenhaupt 从一个高级管理职位上下岗了”符合语境,故选G。
3.F. Several weeks after consideration, he decided to have a change. 解析:根据后文 He didn't want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself. Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children. 可知他不想让自己的下半生无所事事地可怜自己。Mockenhaupt 太太也积极鼓励他维续生活,认为这是他们俩人开创自己事业的绝佳机会,有足够的时间,没有孩子的打扰。由此可知,Brian Mockenhaupt 决定做出一些改变,因为他不想让自己的下半生无所事事地可怜自己。故F选项“经过几个星期的考虑,他决定改变一下”符合语境,故选F。
4.A. Then came the opportunity. 解析:根据后文 Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home-an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期). 可知 Brian 在离他家8个街区的地方找到了他想要的东西——一家现有的咖啡馆,该咖啡馆的业绩不佳,其老板想要解除租约。由此可知,上一段提到 Brian 想要改变一下,后文提到有一家咖啡馆想要解除租约,说明 Brian 改变的机会来了。故A选项“机会来了“符合语境,故选A。
5.C. That was exactly what Brian needed. 解析:根据上文 Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home-an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期).(Brian 在离他家8个街区的地方找到了他想要的东西一家现有的咖啡馆,该咖啡馆的业绩不佳,其老板想要解除租约)以及后文 But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day. He had to borrow money from friends and relatives.(但问题是,他从来没有为这一天做过财务计划。他不得不向亲戚朋友借钱)由此可知,离家不远就有咖啡馆可以接手,这正是渴望改变的 Brian 所需要的的。后文他向亲戚朋友借钱也说明他想要租下咖啡馆。故C选项“这正是 Brian 所需要的“符合语境,故选C。
六、语篇填空
1.shows 2.information 3.a 4.they 5.It 6.properly 7.which 8.to teach 9.advice 10.meeting