2022届高考英语二轮复习：非谓语动词（2） 学案（含答案）

第8讲 非谓语动词（2）
Part 1. 不定式to do (主动，目的，将来时）
考点1：有些动词只能跟不定式作宾语
agree (同意) , ask (请) , attempt (试图) , decide (决定) , desire (希望) , determine (决心) , expect (期望) , fail (未能) , hope (希望) , intend (打算) , learn (学习) , manage (设法) , offer (愿意) , plan (计划) , pretend (假装) , refuse (拒绝) , wish (希望) , promise (答应)，want（想要）would like（想要）等等。
1. We asked them___ (play) in the countryside.
2. There were many talented actors out there just waiting (discover).
3. I expected __________(meet) your friend, but my car broke down on the way.
4. She told me that she had decided __________ (not late) again.
5. Almost everyone fails __________ (pass )his driver’s test on the first try.
考点2. 名词前有序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，常用不定式. 也包括被the next, the last, the only, the very等限定词时词。
1. He is the oldest actor ever_______(win)an Oscar.
2.He loves parties. He is always the first _____ (come) and the last __________ (leave).
考点3. it 作形式主语（for sb. to do sth. 与of sb. to do sth.）
(1)It + be+形容词 ( http: / / baike. / view / 84346.htm" \t "_blank )+for /of somebody to do something
区分介词：for / of
1. It is difficult for us to finish the work on time.
2. It’s very kind of you to help me.
常用for 的形容词：
表示客观情况的形容词：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary等
常用of的形容词：
表示赞扬或批评的词：careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise, polite, impolite等
(2) It took us two hours to finish the job.
练习
①选用of 或for 填空：
1. It is stupid ____ you to tell him everything..
2. It's necessary ____ you to lock the car when you do not use it.
3. It was kind ____ you to offer me so much help.
4. It seemed selfish ____ him not to give them anything.
②语法填空
1. It will take a long time ________(understand) the science mystery.
2. It was polite _________ the child to give up his seat to the elderly woman.
3. Is it necessary for him _________ (return) the book immediately
考点4. only to do（……., 结果却 ….）作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。
1. He hurried to the post office only______(find) it was closed.
2. We hurried to the classroom only______(find) none there.
考点5. somebody is said to do
Somebody is（was）/ said/ reported/believed/thought/ known/considered to
意为"据称/据说/据报道/大家认为/ 众所周之/ 人们认为……"
动词不定式有三种形式，to do, to being doing和to have done。
练习：
1. 转换句子（somebody is said to do）
1.It is reported that he lives alone in an abandoned house.
_______________________________________________
2.It is reported that the woman has been missing since the flood broke out.
_______________________________________________
3.It is believed that he has made a fortune there.
_______________________________________________
4.It was thought that he had got lost in the forest.
_______________________________________________
5.It is said that Mike is studying in China.
_______________________________________________
2. 单选：
1.Charles Babbage is generally considered ________ the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
2.The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Sun yang, who was reported_______ the world record.
A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. to break
3.The bank is reported in the local newspaper ________ in broad daylight yesterday.
A. being robbed B. having been robbed C. to have been robbed D. robbed
4.Wang Ming is said ________ abroad, but I am not sure which country it was.
A. to study B. to have studied C. to be studying D.to have been studying
考点6. 独立结构。
To tell you the truth, I don’t agree with you.
To make matters worse, it began to rain.
To be honest, I don’t like you.
考点7. 省to 的动词不定式 (动词原形)
1、 Would rather, had better.
2、 由 and, or 和 than 连接的两个不定式，第二个 to 可以省去。
如：He wants to move to France and marry the girl.
3、 Why…/Why not… Why not take a holiday
4、 But 和 except 表示“除了....” 前是动词 do 时，后面出现的动词用不带 to 的动词不定式。
区分：He wants to do nothing but go out.
He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.
Part 2. 动名词、现在分词doing（主动，进行时）
考点1. It作形式主语
There’s/It’s no use/useless/of no use/no good / no pleasure doing something
做某事没有用/好处/乐趣.......。
There’s no point/ sense doing something.
做某事没有意义。
It’s a waste of time/money doing something
做某事是在浪费时间/钱
①It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。（谚语）
②It is no good talking to him, because he never listens. 跟他讲没用，因为他从来不听。
③It’s a waste of time talking to her when she’s in this mood. 在她目前的心情下，找她谈是白费时间。
④There is no point/sense starting so early. 这么早就动身，没有意义。
练习：
(1) Mary will be never willing to change any of her opinions. It's no use _______ (argue) with her.
(2) It is no good _______(regret) after making mistakes.
考点2.只能跟动名词作宾语的动词
下列动词习惯上可接动名词作宾语：
admit (承认) appreciate (感激) avoid (避免) deny (否认) enjoy (喜爱) escape (逃脱)fancy (设想) imagine (想象) keep (保持) mind (介意) prevent (阻止) 等等。
1.She enjoys __________ (listen to) light music.
2.Ali said that she wouldn’t mind _________ (leave) alone at home.
3.If you keep __________ (practise) English, you can learn English well.
4.We can understand why he avoids __________ (speak) to us.
5.She admitted__________ (take) the key.
考点3.只能跟动名词作宾语的动词短语
can’t help 禁不住，can’t stand无法忍受，be busy(with)忙于··· ，fee like想要···
have difficulty(in) 在某方面有困难, be worth值得做, spend ….(in)花时间、金钱做,
练习：
1. She can’t help________(cry)when she was frightened.
2. Mary has difficulty_________(communicate) with others in English.
考点4. 含介词to 的短语
stick to坚持
look forward to 盼望 lead to 导致
be accustomed to doing 习惯于做某事 be / get used to 习惯于
devote oneself to /be devoted to 献身于做某事 make contributions to对…作贡献
pay attention to 注意 refer to 谈到、参考
be addicted to 沉溺于；对…上瘾 be equal to 能胜任做某事
object to 反对做某事 be opposed to反对做某事
get down to 开始做某事 in addition to 除做某事之外
key to 做某事的关键 when it comes to… 谈到……时
练习：
1.他沉溺于赌博。
He____________________ gambling.
2. 她一生都致力于关心照顾贫病交迫的人。
Her life____________________ caring for the sick and needy.
3. 查理的时间都用于读书。
Charlie_________ his time _________reading.
4. 他反对自己被像孩子一样对待。
He ____________________ like a child.
5. 我反对马上告诉他这个消息。
I_____________________ him the news at once.
6. 我们应该更注意团结那些与自己意见不同的同志工作。
We should_______________ uniting and working with the comrades who differ with us.
7. 约翰已习惯很晚睡觉了。
John has_______________ staying up.
8. 我不习惯被这样对待。
I am not accustomed to _______________ like this.
9. 午餐之后,我们开始认真讨论报酬的问题。
After lunch we got down to____________ the issue of pay.
10. 盼早日收到你的来信。
I look forward to_______________ you.
考点5. 独立结构
generally speaking 一般说来 talking of (speaking of) 说到
strictly speaking 严格地说 judging from 从···判断
all things considered 从整体来看 taking all things into consideration 全面看来。
1. 从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。
_______________ his face, he must be ill.
2. 总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。
_______________ , dogs can run faster than pigs.
Part 3. done(被动、过去时）
考点1. 固定搭配（非谓语做状语时，去掉be; 非谓语做名词时be变being）
be dressed in be absorbed in be lost in be seated in
be faced with be exposed to be based on be equipped with
1.______ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A.dressed B.to dress C.dressing D.having dressed
2. ____ in her skirt, the little girl tried to make herself _____at the party.
A.Dressed;notice B.Dressing;noticed C.Dressed;noticed D.Dressing;noticing
3. _______ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
A. Exposed B. having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed
4. -What's made Ruth so upset -_____ three tickets to the folk music concert.
A. Lost 　　　 B. Losing C. Because of losing D. Since she lost
5. When I went in, they were ____ in a heated discussion.
A.absorb B.absorbed C. absorbing D. being absorbed
6.We have 24 offices, each ____computers.
A.is equipped with B.equipped by C.is equipped by D.equipped with
7. ______with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Face B. Facing C. Faced D. To face
8. ______ on a true story, the film is well worth ______ .
A. Based; seeing B. Basing; seeing C. To base; to see D. Based; to be seen
考点2.独立结构
given(that…) 考虑到，鉴于 provided (that…) 如果
例句:
Given his age, he’s a remarkably fast learner.
考虑到他的年龄，他是一个非常好的学习者。
I will go, provided that you go too.
你也去的话我就去。
练习：翻译句子
1. 考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们的工作还是做得不错的。
_______________________________，they've done a good job．
2. 如果天晴，我们就去。
We shall go_____________________________________.
Part 4. 混合考点
考点1. 听观感，使让帮
感官动词 do动词原形→做某事
S．+ + 宾语 + doing现在分词→正在做某事
使役动词 done过去分词→做过或被做
(1) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel 等后作宾补，省略to.
注意：在被动语态中 to 不能省略掉。
如：I saw him dance. ---He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole night.---They were made to work the whole night.
练习：1.单选
①Do you often hear John _______ in his room
Yes, listen, now we can hear him ____ in his room.
A. singing, singing B. sing, singing C. singing, sing D. sing, sing
②They knew her very well. They had seen her ____ up from childhood.
A. grow B. grew C. growing D. to grow
2.语法填空
1. I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart __________(beat).
2. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ___ (call) him.
3. The airplane was noticed __________ (arrive) at six.
4. The missing boys were last seen ______( play) near the river.
5. Seeing the sun ___( rise) above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
6. I often smell something _______(burn) in the kitchen, but I find nothing.
7. Did you notice your wallet__________ (steal)
（2） 使、让、帮 make,have,let,help
have使......
1). have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
I’ll have Mary finish the task.
2).have sth. done 使某事被做
I have my hair cut.
3). have sb. /sth. doing sth. 使某人/某物一直做某事
Don’t have the water running.
have有......
1). have sth. to do 有事要做 （自己做）
I have a meeting to attend.
2). have sth. to be done 有事要做（让别人做）
I have a letter to be sent out.
单项选择
1). Before driving into the city, you are required to have your car .
A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash
2). I’m sorry to have you _____ for a long time.
A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. to be waiting
3). ---I can’t see the words on the blackboard. ---Perhaps you have the doctor _____ your eyes.
A. examined B. to examine C. to have examined D. examine
单句改错
1) Paul doesn’t have to be made learn. He always works hard.
2) The director had her assistant to pick up some hot dogs for the meeting.
3) Why do you have the water run all the time
4) If we let illegal immigrants coming in, many local workers will lose their jobs.
5) You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it explain often enough.
6) Mr. Smith was much surprised to find the watch he had had it repaired was nowhere to be seen.
7) The teacher has an article write for the wall newspaper.
考点2. 接to do和接doing意义不同的动词：
remember to do记得去做 forget to do忘记去做
remember doing记得做过 forget doing忘记做过
regret to do遗憾去做 try to do设法去做
regret doing 后悔做过 try doing试着做
mean to do打算做 consider to do认为
mean doing意味着做 consider doing 考虑
stop to do停下来去做 cant help (to) do 不能帮助做
stop doing停止做 can’t help doing 忍不住做
考点3. 有无宾语,接to do和接doing意义不同的动词：
forbid, require, advise, recommend, allow, permit等
1 The instructor advised checking the "Advanced Settings" option.
The instructor advised me to check the "Advanced Settings" option.
2 They don't allow smoking in this restaurant.
They don't allow people to smoke in this restaurant.
3 They don't permit smoking in this restaurant.
They don't permit people to smoke in this restaurant.
4 The authorities forbade entering the park because of a bush fire.
The authorities forbade us to enter the park because of a bush fire.
5 The worker recommended buying a new water heater.
The worker recommended me to buy a new water heater.
6 The project requires spending $70,000 in the initial phase.
The project required us to work in groups.
1. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowed into the sports club.
A. going B. to go C. go D. gone
2. Sorry, we don’t allow __________ in the lecture room.
A. to smoke B. smoke C. smoking D. to smoking
3. The police forbid __________ here.
A. park B. parking C. to park D. to be parked
4. The heavy rain forbade me __________ to school.
A. from my coming B. to come C. come D. my coming
5. Passengers are permitted _____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried
6. They don’t permit __________ noise here.
A. to make B. make C. making D. made
考点4. V-ing: “令人如何如何” V-ed：人感到如何如何
astonishing astonished exciting excited
moving moved convincing convinced
surprising surprised interesting interested
tiring tired shocking shocked
单项选择
1. As is known to us all, traveling is____, but we often feel_____ when we are back from travels.
A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring.
C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired
2. Hearing the___ news, we all felt____
A. encouraging; encouraging B. encouraged; encouraged
C. encouraged; encouraging D. encouraging; encouraged
单句改错
1. They were all amusing at what he said.
2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.
3. The situation was a bit discouraged.
4. Two pages in this dictionary are missed.
5. Your mother is quite worrying about your stare of health.
Part 5独立主格结构
主语1+谓语，独立主格（主语2+非谓语）
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow
The test finished, we began our holiday.　　
With a lot of things to do, he is quite busy.
练习：
1. With many things she needed ___ for her 50-birthday-party, she went to the supermarket with a big basket.
A. to be bought B. bought C. to buy D. buying
2. With electricity ___ , we couldn’t drive the machine.
A. was cut off B. being cut off
C. cut off D. having cut off
3. Everything ___ into consideration, they believed themselves more and returned to their positions.
A. to take B. taken C. to be taken D. taking
4. ___ more and more forest damaged, some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
A. As B. For C. with D. for
5. Many students _____ around, I explained the story into details.
A. stood B. standing C. to stand D. were standing
6. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them.
A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows
7. Tom looked at Jenny, tears ______ his eyes, and shouted the words _____ in his heart for years.
A. filling; having hidden B. filled; hidden
C. filling; hidden D. filled; hidden
8. With the boy ____ the way, we had no trouble ___ the way ____ to Zhongshan Park.
A. leading; finding; leading B. to lead; found; to lead
C. led; finding; led D. leading; found; led
9. ______, he had to stay at home looking after her.
A. Being ill B. His wife was ill
C. His wife being ill D. Because he was ill.
10. ________ Sunday, we stayed at home.
A. It being B. Being C. It was D. Because being
11. Conditions ___, I will teach myself a second foreign language.
A. permitted B. permitting
C. permits D. being permitted
12. ____ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.
A. Being no rain B. There was no rain
C. To be no rain D. There being no rain
13. All flights ___ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A. were canceled B. having been canceled
C. had been canceled D. have been canceled
Part 6连词加非谓语=省略句
考点1.状语从句的省略，同时具备的两个条件
① 主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；
② 从句主要动词是be的某种形式。
此时从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。
例如：
When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .
He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.
考点2.状语从句的"省略"现象常存在于五种状语从句中
①由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;
If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.
如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。
You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.
除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。
②由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句
I won’t go to the party even if (I am) invited.
即使被邀请我也不会参加这个派对。
③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句;
While (I was) waiting for him, I found my wallet was missing.
当我正在等他的时候，我发现我的钱包丢了。
④由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;
The meeting took place as (it was) planned.会议按照计划进行。
⑤由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。
The movie was more interesting than (it was) expected.
这部电影比预想的更有趣。
1.The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day.
A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water
2.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _______ regularly, can improve our health.
A. being carried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out
3.We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse.
A. not if dealt carefully with
B. if not carefully dealt with
C. if dealt not carefully with
D. not if carefully dealt with
4.Film has a much shorter history, especially when__________such art forms as music and painting.
A. having compared to B. comparing to
C. compare to D. compared to
5.Generally speaking, when _______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. taking B. taken C. to take D. to be taken
综合测试
一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. _____________ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
2. Tom is never willing to change any of his opinions. It’s no use __________(argue) with him.
3. Please remain _________(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
4. — Can I smoke here
— Sorry. We don’t allow people___________(smoke) here.
5.The director had her assistant ______(pick) up some hot dogs for the meeting.
6. I can’t stand _________(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ________(stop) talking while she works.
7. If you think that treating a woman well means always ________ (get) her permission for things, think again.
8. He hurried to the booking office only ___________(tell) that all the tickets had been sold out.
9. —They are quiet, aren’t they
—Yes. They are accustomed to _______ (not talk) at meals.
10. —It’s a long time since I saw my sister.
—Why not ________(visit) her this weekend
11. _____ (give) the general state of health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.
12. _________ (search) the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting.
13. The last one ___________(arrive) pays the meal.
14. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ________ (set) up some schools for poor children.
15.Sandy could do nothing but ________ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong.
二．单句改错
1.The day she looked forward to coming at last.
2. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time pass the exam.
3. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week watch TV.
4. I smell something burn in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute
5. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them interesting in his lectures.
6. My parents have always made me feeling good about myself, even when I was twelve.
7. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improve in a short period.
8.As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not moved and asked myself what I was going to do.
9. When ask why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.
10. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good breathe.
三．翻译句子
1. 这两个工人假装很努力工作，其实什么都没做。
The two workers _____ _______ _______ very hard, though they did nothing. (pretend)
2. 当他下车的时候，碰巧天下起了雨。
When he got off the train, it_____ ______ ________.(happen)
3. 像你这样和老人家讲话很不礼貌。
It was impolite ____ you______ ______ to the old man like that.
4. 让我们相信你说话是不可能的。
It was impossible ____ us______ ______ whatever you say.
5. 抱怨而不采取行动是无用的。
It’s no use ________ without taking action.(complain)
6. 他不仅给我提了些忠告,而且还给了我一些钱。
______ _____ ____ giving me some advice, he gave me some money. (In addition)
7. 交通是把这事物送给那些孩子和他们家人的关键。
Transportation is______ _____ ____ getting this food to the children and their families.
8. 每一个人都应当对保护环境做出贡献。
Everyone should _____ _____ _____ _____ ______ the environment.
9. 当谈及改善孩子教育时，是不缺乏主意的。
There is no shortage of ideas_____ _____ _____ _____ ______the education of children.
10. 说实话，我们为什么不换看电影呢？
______ _____ _______, Why not ______ a movie for a change
PART 1:
考点1：Keys：to play / to be discovered /to meet/ not to be late/to pass
考点2.Keys：to win/to come; to leave
考点3.Keys: of/ for/ of/ of/
Keys: to understand/of/to return
考点4.Keys:to find/to find
考点5.Keys:(1) 1.He is reported to live alone in an abandoned house.
2. The woman is reported to have been missing since the flood broke out.
3. He is believed to have made a fortune there.
4. He was thought to have got lost in the forest.
5. Mike is said to be studying in China.
(2) C C C
PART2:
考点1.keys: arguing/ regretting
考点2.keys: listening to/being left /practicing/speaking/taking
考点3.keys: crying/communicating
考点4.Keys: 1. is addicted to 2. was devoted to 3. devotes to
4. objected to being treated 5. am opposed to telling 6. pay more attention to
7. been/ got used to 8. being treated 9. discussing 10. hearing from
考点5.Keys： 1. Judging from 2. Generally speaking
PART3:
考点1. Keys：A C C B D D C A
考点2. Keys: Given their inexperience／that they are inexperienced
provided that the weather is fine
PART 4:
考点1. Keys：在①中，选B，用often侧重事实；
在②中，选A, 强调看着长大的事实。
Keys:beating /calling/to arrive/ to play /rising /burn/stolen
Keys:A C D
Keys: learn前加to /去to/run-running /coming-come /explain-explained/去it/write前加to
考点3. Keys: B C B B A C
考点4.Keys: A A
Keys: amusing-amused / exciting- excited/discouraged-discouraging/missed-missing/worrying-worried
Part 5 ：Keys：C C B C B B C A C A B D B
Part 6 ：Keys：B C B D B
综合测试
一．Keys:1. Walking 2. Arguing 3. Seated 4. to smoke 5. Pick 6. Working; to stop 7. Getting 8. To be told
9. Not talking 10. Visit 11. Given 12. Search 13. To arrive 14. Setting 15. Admit
二．Keys：1.coming-came 2. Pass-passing 3. Watch-watching 4. Burn-burning 5. Interesting-interested
6. Feeling-feel 7. Improve-improved 8. Moved-moving 9. Ask-asked 10. breathe前加to
三．Keys:
1. pretended to work
2. happened to rain
3. of; to talk
4. for; to believe
5.complaining
6. In addition to
7. the key to
8. make a contribution to protecting
9. when it comes to improving
10. To be honest, see