人教版（新课程标准）选修6高考英语一轮复习Unit1-5学案（5份打包）

Unit 1　Art
重点单词
分类识记单词　——
核心单词 记全记牢 用准用活
1.typical adj.　典型的；有代表性的2．effectively adv. 有效地3．evident adj. 明显的；明白的4．adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养5．attempt n．& vt. 努力；尝试；企图6．figure n. 画像；身材；数字7．district n. 区；区域；行政区8．appeal vi. 有感染力；呼吁；求助vt. 将……上诉n. 呼吁；恳求9．reputation n. 名声；名誉10．exhibition n. 展览；陈列；展览会 ◎ 品句填词1．I wonder how Mary has kept her figure(身材)after all these years.2．(2019·江苏卷书面表达)Their Chinese peers in the typical(典型的)Chinese dress would be highly impressive.3．I do cherish the educational opportunity and I always adopt(采纳)the motto to serve as a reminder.4．What's more，there will be less air pollution in our district(区域)by cycling to work.5．I know that your shop enjoys a high reputation(名誉)of good service，so I bought the TV set in your shop.
拓展单词 1.faith n．信任；信心；信念→faithful adj.忠实的；守信的→faithfully adv.忠实地2．possess vt.拥有；具有；支配→possession n．(尤作复数)所有；财产3．coincidence n．巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合→coincident adj.同时发生的4．predict vt.预言；预告；预测→prediction n．预言；预测→predictor n．预言者5．aim n．目标；目的vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力→aimless adj.没有目标的；漫无目的的→aimlessly adv.漫无目的地6．preference n．喜爱；偏爱→prefer v．喜爱；偏爱7．signature n．署名；签字→sign v．签署；签名 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空1．I was walking aimlessly in the street when I came across John，who led an aimless sort of life without any aim．(aim)2．With his business going on well，at first he possessed big houses，cars，and later he took possession of stocks of different companies.Then，he found that everything he had dreamed of was in his possession．(possess)3．The headmaster has a preference that he prefers overseas Chinese students highly and encourages them to return home to start their own careers.(prefer)4．I have faith in him because he has served us faithfully for many years，and I think he is a faithful and honest friend.(faith)
阅读单词 1.abstract adj.　抽象的；深奥的 n. 摘要 2．sculpture n. 雕塑3．gallery n. 美术陈列室；画廊4．conventional adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的5．technique n. 技术；方法；技能6．shadow n. 阴影；影子 7.ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的8．controversial adj. 争论的；争议的9．specific adj. 确切的；特定的10．carve vt. 雕刻；刻记11．allergic adj. 过敏性的；过敏的12．flesh n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 13.bunch n.　束；串14．avenue n. 林荫道；道路；大街15．visual adj. 视觉的；看得见的16．permanent adj. 永久的；持久的17．scholar n. 学者18．masterpiece n. 杰作；名著
单元主题语块背诵　——
1．art museum　　艺术博物馆
2．a collection of 一批……收藏品
3．be shaped like 形状像
4．in the shape of 呈……形状
5．a sense of beauty 美感
6．on display 展出
7．have a strong interest in 有强烈的兴趣
8．the art of Chinese folk paper cutting 中国的民间剪纸艺术
9．pass down our traditional art 传承我们的传统艺术
10．5，000 years of civilization 5 000年的文明史
11．traditional Chinese painting 中国传统绘画
12．have no eye for art 对艺术没有鉴赏力
aim n．目标；目的 vi.& vt.瞄准；旨在；(向某方向)努力
——单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷)Earth Day，marked on 22 April，is an annual event aiming(aim)to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
②(2019·北京卷)All our projects aim to_promote(promote)the development of poor and remote communities.
——句式升级
③A short film will be on show，and it aims to help us to know more about the development of our school.
→A short film will be on show，aiming_to_help_us_to_know_more_about_the_
development_of_our_school．(分词作状语)
(1)achieve one's aim　　实现目标
take aim at 向……瞄准
with the aim of 以……为目标；意在……
(2)aim to do sth. 意欲/旨在做某事
be aimed at 目的是，旨在
(3)aimless adj. 无目的的；无目标的
aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地；无目标
　With the aim of raising some money for the local charity，we invited several famous musicians and singers.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
为了给当地的慈善机构筹款，我们邀请了几位著名的音乐家和歌手。
possess vt.(不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配
——单句语法填空
①Whenever your emotion is out of control，just keep it in mind that only by possessing(possess)a good state of mind can you attain success.
②As the old saying goes，“A true friend is the best possession(possess).
——一句多译
据我所知，他拥有许多这个艺术家的作品。
③As far as I know，he is in_possession_of a large number of the artist's works.
④As far as I know，a large number of the artist's works are in_the_possession_of him.
⑤As far as I know，he possesses a large number of the artist's works.
(1)be possessed of　 具有(某品质、能力等)
(2)possession n. (常作复数)所有物；财产
in possession of 占有；拥有；持有
in the possession of sb. 为某人所有；在某人的控制下
take/gain/come into possession of 拥有；占
　As far as I know，he doesn't possess a great deal of money，but he is always possessed of good health.
据我所知，他没有很多钱，但是他拥有健康的身体。
　
(1)in possession of表示主动，意为“拥有……；占有……”，主语通常为表示人的词语；
(2)in the possession of表示被动，意为“被……占有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。
attempt n．努力；尝试；企图 vt.尝试；企图
——单句语法填空/补全句子
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40，000 people attempt to_climb(climb)Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.
② (2020·浙江卷7月)Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to_control(control)the world they lived in，through agriculture.
③If_you_fail_at_the_first_attempt(如果你第一次尝试失败了)，there is no need to care about that.
——微写作
④由于每个国际学生都试着自己泡茶，整个茶馆很快活跃起来了。(2018·北京卷满分作文)
Soon the tea room became lively with every international student attempting_to_make_their_
own_tea.
(1)attempt to do sth.　　企图做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事
at the first/second...attempt 第一/二……次尝
　Personally speaking，parents are making an attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they require.
就个人而言，父母试图通过给予他们的孩子任何他们需要的东西来保护他们。
　“努力做某事；企图做某事”的其他表达形式：
(1)try to do sth.
(2)seek to do sth.
(3)intend to do sth.
figure n．画像；人物；身材；体形；数字 v．估计；计算；认为
——写出下列句中figure的含义
①As for my favorite figure in Chinese history，it must be Wei Yuan，a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.人物
②(2020·天津卷)She realized she looked like a child，with her tiny figure.身材；体形
③It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country haven't got a job.数字
④(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list，fur probably didn't cross your mind.弄明白
⑤Experts figure that the recently discovered painting may be Picasso's.认为
(1)figure out　　理解；计算出
(2)keep one's figure 保持体形
have a good figure 身材好
a political figure 一位政治人
　To help international students better figure out our tea drinking culture，we took them to the tea room in our school.(2018·北京卷满分作文)
为了帮助国际生更好地了解我们的饮茶文化，我们把他们带到学校的茶室。
　“理解，明白”一家人
understand；make sense of；figure out；have a better understanding of
appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt.将……上诉
——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.
②Sport has become an important form of entertainment，appealing(appeal)to both men and women.
③We should appeal to people to_save(save)things that nature offers to us.
——微写作
④我确信这一定会吸引你，因为你热衷于体育。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
I'm sure it will_appeal_to_you，for you have been enthusiastic about sports.
(1)appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力；使某人感兴趣
appeal to sb. for sth./to do sth.向某人呼吁/恳求……
(2)make an appeal to sb. for sth.为某事向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb. to do sth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事
　The short film will help us students know the school's history better and appeal to/make an appeal to us to make contributions to our school's development.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
短片将帮助我们学生更好地了解学校的历史，并呼吁我们为学校的发展做出贡献。
单词三维练　——
用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换
1．(2019·天津卷)Right after Erin took possession(possess)of my wallet on the bus，she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum(论坛)，trying to see if anyone knew me.
2．(2019·天津卷)Personally，I'd want to learn about western painting.Several reasons may account for my preference(prefer).
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I'm glad to learn that your gallery will hold a Chinese painting exhibition(exhibit).
4．(2019·江苏卷)Scientists have obtained more evidence(evident)that plastic is finding its way into the human body.
5．It is true that the dog is the most useful and faithful(faith)animal in the world.
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)I am writing to invite you to join the table tennis team aimed(aim)at developing our interests and improving our skills.
2．Having_been_predicted(predict)one day ahead，the volcanic eruption didn't kill anyone except several injured.
3．Having_figured(figure)out the final total number，they were satisfied with the result.
4．I think it's time that we adopted_/should_adopt(adopt)a different method to teach the children.
在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．As far as I am concerned，the short message is typical of information technology，but it needs to be used with care.
2．The Red Cross is appealing to the people for donations of food and clothing for the victims suffering from the severe earthquake.
3．In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Cultures”，aiming(aim)to introduce American customs and the life of high school students.
4．(2017·北京卷)If you don't understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out．
5．(2020·天津卷)When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later，his parents attempted to_find(find)a way to deal with the catastrophe that had happened to their lives.
短语和句式
语境记忆短语　——
记全记牢 用准用活
1.concentrate...on 　集中……于2．a_great_deal 大量3．on_the_other_hand 另一方面4．in_the_flesh 活着的；本人5．be_allergic_to 对……过敏6．lead_to 导致7．lie_in 在于8．appeal_to 对……有吸引力9．by_coincidence 巧合地10．break_away_from 挣脱；脱离11．as_a_consequence 结果12．figure_out 想出 ◎ 选用左栏短语填空1．Peter found a good job soon after graduation and earns a_great_deal_of money.2．Unfortunately，one of the roads leading_to our school was destroyed by the flood last week.3．On the one hand，this camping is interesting；on_the_other_hand，it's challenging.4．The museum was moved to St.Louis in 1987 in the hope of appealing_to more visitors.5．I often see some people concentrate_on playing their smartphones while they are crossing the street，which is very dangerous.
仿写用活句式　——
◎ 单元句式会写1．句式：without引起的含蓄虚拟条件句教材：Without the new paints and the new technique，we would_not_be_able_to_see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。2．句式：介词短语位于句首，且主语是名词时句子用完全倒装教材：Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were_the_Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。3．句式：现在分词短语作结果状语教材：Henry Clay Frick，a rich New Yorker，died in 1919，leaving_his_house，furniture_and_art_collection_to_the_American_people．亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪，于1919年去世，把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品全部留给了美国人民。4．句式：This/That/It is because...意为“这/那是因为……”教材：This_is_because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.这是因为印象派画家鼓励艺术家用新的方式来看待环境。 ◎ 单元主题佳句背诵——艺术1．Without modern techniques，we would not be able to see so many oil paintings.没有现代的技术，我们就不能看到这么多古老的油画。2．In addition to some basic tricks about Chinese painting，we'll learn its history and characteristics.除了学习中国国画的技巧，我们还将了解其历史和特点。3．This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements.这件作品由于融合了现代和传统中国元素而吸引了很多人的注意。4．His works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.他的作品表现出对现代建筑的深刻理解和对传统的良好了解。5．I can always sense peace and harmony from those landscape paintings.从那些山水画中我总能找到平静与和谐的感觉。
on the other hand(可是)另一方面
——单句语法填空
①On the other hand，they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun.
②First(ly)，I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents；second(ly)，I can gain some experience from it，which will do good to my future life.
③I'm not going to buy it；for one thing I don't like the color，and for another it's far too expensive.
——微写作
④一方面，我非常自信能在考试中做好；另一方面，我感觉有点紧张，尽管考试并不难。
On the one hand，I have strong belief that I will do well in the exam；on_the_other_hand，I_feel_a_bit_nervous，though it's not difficult.
(1)on(the)one hand...；on the other hand...
一方面……；另一方面……
(2)first(ly)...；second(ly)...第一……；第二……
(3)for one thing...；for another... 一则……；二则…
　On the one hand I want to sell the house，but on the other(hand)，I can't bear the thought of moving.
一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不能忍受搬家。
(1)on the one hand...on the other(hand)...常用于表达相矛盾的两方面；
(2)for one thing...for another...陈述的两方面情况常常一致。
句型公式：without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句
(教材P2) Without the new paints and the new technique，we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
——单句语法填空
①Without excellent education，there would_be(be)no advanced science and technology.
②(2019·天津卷)The workers were not better organized，otherwise they would_have_accomplished(accomplish)the task in half the time.
③(2019·江苏卷)What a pity！You missed the sightseeing，or we would_have_had(have)a good time together.
——微写作
④没有你的帮助，我不会在英语学习上取得这么大的进步。(2019·浙江卷写作)
Without your help，I_would_not_have_made_so_much_progress_in_English_learning．
(1)“without/but for＋名词”可取代if引导的虚拟条件从句，主句用虚拟语气，表示所说内容与事实相反。
(2)除了without，but for 之外，otherwise，but 等也常用来表示虚拟条件
I'd like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to you for your generous help，without which I wouldn't have made such rapid progress.
我想借此机会表达你对我慷慨帮助的感激之情，没有你的帮助，我不会取得如此快的进步。
“介词短语＋系动词＋主语”的倒装句式
(教材P2) Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.在这些脱离传统绘画风格的画家中就有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派艺术家们。
——单句语法填空/补全句子
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I was the queen of the playground.Then came(come)my tweens and teens，and mean girls and cool kids.
③Just in front of our house stands_a_tall_tree_with_a_history_of_1，000_years(有一棵一千年的大树).
——句式升级
④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The Grand Hotel opened in 1990.And it sits on the seaside along the South Coast Highway.
→On the seaside along the South Coast Highway sits_the_Grand_Hotel_which_opened_in_
1990．(定语从句；倒装句)
本句为介词短语位于句首时引导的全部倒装句式。
(1)out，in，into，down，up，away，here，now，then，there等表示方位和时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装。
(2)当用作表语的形容词、分词提到系动词前面时，句子也要全部倒装，构成“形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构
　Such is our lively city，which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.
这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。
短语句式二维练　——多维度·练技能
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)To begin with，a new stadium has been built up，becoming(become)the new landmark in our school.
2．From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy one percent of its surface is covered by water.
3．We have reached an agreement that the last one to_arrive(arrive)should pay the meal.
4．A great deal of progress has_been_made(make)over the last several decades in health，education and peace.
5．It is high time that you considered/should_consider(consider)that if there were no stress in your life，you would achieve a little.
6．But for the art exhibition，I would not have_lived(live)a better understanding of folk art.
1．一些学生花太多时间在微信上，这使得他们的父母很担心。(现在分词短语作状语)
Some students spend too much time on WeChat，making_their_parents_worried．
2．环境状况正在恶化，那是因为我们人类违反了自然规律。
①The environment is getting worse and worse；that_is_because we humans go against nature.
②We humans go against nature；that's_why the environment is getting worse and worse.
③The_reason_why the environment is getting worse and worse is_that we humans go against nature.
3．A foreign couple，who seem to have settled into life in China，live next door to ours.
→Next_door_to_ours_live_a_foreign_couple，who seem to have settled into life in China.(完全倒装)
4．There is a temple on the top of the hill.The temple dates back to Ming Dynasty.
→On the top of the hill stands_a_temple_dating_back_to Ming Dynasty.(升级为分词作定语的倒装句)
维度1　生词生义
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)In order to make sure all of us are in good health，and she makes specific plans for us.adj.确切的；特定的
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)We found that the least well liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates.But so had those who were high in status.adj.有攻击性的
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)I can give a brief introduction of these masterpieces from the perspective of a native speaker of China.n.杰作，名著；n.视角
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ完形)Finally you climb into an arctic like zone with permanent snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.adj.永久的，永恒的
维度2　熟词生义
1．(2020· 山东卷)Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.n.参赛作品
2．From the abstract of the speech，I learn that it is about the development of modern art.n.摘要
3．To be honest，I think he is allergic to work，because he never puts his heart into it.adj.厌烦的，讨厌的
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假设你是李华，想邀请外教Peter一起参观当地民间艺术展览，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
①展览时间、地点和目的；②展览内容。
Dear Peter，
I'm writing to invite you to visit a folk art exhibition，1.aiming_at_promoting_traditional_
Chinese_culture(旨在弘扬中国传统文化).The exhibition will be held in our city gallery next Saturday.
2.The_exhibition_concentrates_on_Chinese_folk_art(展览集中在中国民间艺术)，including traditional Chinese paper cutting as well as calligraphy and painting.Furthermore，3.present_at_the_exhibition_will_be_some_painters(一些画家将出席这次展览)who enjoy a high reputation.For sure，4.not_only_will_it_appeal_to_you(它不仅会吸引你)but it can also help you have a further understanding of traditional Chinese culture.5.Now_that_you_have_a_preference_
for_Chinese_traditional_culture(既然你喜欢中国传统文化)，you had better not miss the chance.
Hope to see you on Saturday evening!
Yours，
Li Hua
[友情提示]　每道习题都是一个高考点，每项训练都是对能力的检验，认真对待它们吧！进入“高考提能练(二十六)”，去收获希望，体验成功！本栏目内容以活页形式分册装订！
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13Unit 2　Poems
重点单词
分类识记单词　——
核心单词 记全记牢 用准用活
1.pattern n.　模式；式样；图案2．eventually adv. 最后；终于3．convey vt. 传达；运送4．bare adj. 赤裸的；光秃的；稀少的5．exchange n. 交换；交流；互换vt.& vi. 调换；交换6．sponsor n. 赞助人；主办者；倡议者vt. 发起；举办；倡议7．scholarship n. 奖学金；学问；学术成就8．load n. 负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)9．branch n. 枝条；支流；部门10．sorrow n. 悲伤；悲痛；懊悔11．forever adv. 永远12．blank n. 空白adj. 空白的；茫然的 ◎ 品句填词1．(2019·天津卷)My son got a full scholarship(奖学金)to his dream university!2．They said it was such a beautiful day that they would remember it forever(永远).3．When it comes to emotions conveyed(convey)by facial expressions and body language，this scientist holds the opinion that the former is more important.4．Thanks to Mrs.Smith，the father and the son eventually(eventual)made up after years' cold relationship between them.5．His family is really a heavy load (负担)on his shoulder.
拓展单词 1.salty adj.含盐的；咸的→salt n．盐；食盐2．endless adj.无穷的；无止境的→end n．&v.终止；结束→ending n．结尾；结局3．translation n．翻译；译文→translate v．翻译→translator n．译员；翻译家4．transform v．转化；转换；改造；变换→transformation n．转化；转换；变换5．poetry n．诗(总称)；诗意→poet n．诗人→poem n．诗6．championship n．冠军称号→champion n．冠军7．darkness n．黑暗；漆黑→dark adj.黑暗的8．warmth n．暖和；温暖→warm adj.暖和的；温暖的9．pianist n．钢琴家；钢琴演奏者→piano n．钢琴 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·新课标山东卷)This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan，made of friendliness and warmth(warm)，but also its darker side of society.2．Lang Lang，one of the pianists (piano)in the world，sets a good example to the young.3．Engle says she has always liked poetry and is determined to be a poet in the future.At age 6，she wrote her first poem about nature.(poetry)4．It was dark in the room and we couldn't see much at first，but after a few minutes our eyes got used to the darkness．(dark)5．That country has transformed from a backward agricultural country into an advanced industrial country.That is to say the country has made a complete transformation．(transform)
阅读单词 1.nursery n.　 托儿所2．concrete adj. 具体的3．diamond n. 钻石；菱形4．flexible adj. 灵活的；可弯曲的； 柔顺的5．cottage n. 村舍；小屋6．tease vi.&vt. 取笑；招惹；戏弄 7.minimum n.　最低限度；最少量；最小数8．librarian n. 图书馆馆长；图书馆管理员9．diploma n. 毕业文凭；学位证书10．compass n. 指南针11．bride n. 新娘12．bridegroom n． 新郎 13.sparrow n. 麻雀14．emotion n. 情感；情绪；感情15．repetition n. 重复；反复16．tick vt. 给……标记号17．section n. 部分；节18．contradictory adj. 引起矛盾的；好反驳的
单元主题语块背诵　——
1．poetry contest　　诗歌竞赛
2．the spirit of the original works 原著作品的精神
3．remind people of the importance of the farmers' hard work 提醒人们农民辛勤劳动的重要性
4．enrich one's life 丰富生活
5．shape one's character 塑造人的性格
6．have strong rhythm 节奏感强
7．convey certain emotions 传达某种感情
8．talk about the poetry of Tang Dynasty 讨论唐诗
9．be set in 以……为背景
10．be reflected in poems 反映在诗歌里
11．learn the poem by heart 背诗
12．admire poems 欣赏诗歌
convey vt.传达，运送；表达；传导，传播
——单句语法填空
①They took a more reasonable approach，conveying(convey)to their children how success at school could improve their lives.
②The boss insisted that all the injured (should)be_conveyed(convey)from the spot to the hospital at once.
——词汇升级
③I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you for your help.
→I would like to convey_my_sincere_appreciation_to you for your assistance.
convey sth. to sb. 　向某人表达/传递某物
convey to sb. for... 因……向某人表达……
convey...from A to B 把……从A处运到B
　The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”
这里传达的信息很清楚：“事实胜于雄辩”。
I find it hard to convey my feelings in words at the moment.
我发现此刻难以用言语表达我的情感。
transform vi.& vt.转化；转换；改造；变换
——补全句子/单句语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷7月)New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally_transformed_a_way_of_life(彻底改变了一种生活方式)that started in the Stone Age.
②(2020·江苏卷)The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation(transform).
——词汇升级
③Your generous help and tender care turned my first American trip into an unforgettable memory.
→Your generous help and tender care transformed my first American trip into an unforgettable memory.
(1)transform...into...　把……变成……
transform sb. /sth. from... 把某人/物从……中转变
(2)transformation n. 改变；变
　I'm fully aware that it's the experience from my life abroad that has totally transformed me.
我充分意识到，是在国外的生活经历完全改变了我。
　常见“trans ”词根的单词有：
(1)transplant v.　 移植
(2)translate v. 翻译
(3)transmit v. 传送；传播
(4)transfer v. 转移；转让
(5)transparent adj. 透明的
appropriate adj.适当的；正当的
——单句语法填空
①It is not appropriate that a student (should)_litter(litter)and scribble about.
②It's necessary for you to make your child know that you expect him to act appropriately(appropriate)toward other people.
——词汇升级
③As for me，I don't think it is suitable for parents to quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children.
→As for me，I don't think it is appropriate for parents to quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children.
(1)be appropriate to/for　适用于；合乎
be appropriate to do sth. 做某事是合适的
be appropriate that sb.(should)do 某人做……是合适的
(2)appropriately adv. 适当
　If you are involved in an accident，you are required to offer appropriate aid；call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you go.
如果你卷入意外事故，你必须提供适当的协助；打电话给公共安全部并待在现场，直到警察放你走。
exchange n．交换；交流；互换 vt.& vi.调换；交换
——补全句子
① (2019·江苏卷满分作文)A group of exchange_students_from_the_UK(来自英国的交换学生)are visiting our school next month.
②I've offered to paint the kitchen in_exchange_for_a_week's_accommodation(交换一个星期的住宿).
——补全句子/句式升级
③Meantime，they exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with_each_other(彼此交流思想和情感).They probably acquire more knowledge through it.
→Meanwhile，they exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with_each_other，through_which they probably acquire more knowledge.(定语从句)
(1)exchange...for...　用……来交换……
exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物
(2)in exchange for 交换
(3)exchange student 交换生
make an exchange 交
　We students should often exchange ideas with our parents，who are rich in experience，and above all，love us most in the world.
我们学生应该经常和父母交换意见，他们有丰富的经验，最重要的是，他们是世界上最爱我们的人。
load n．负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的) v．装载；加重；把弹药装入(枪炮)
——单句语法填空
①It takes a load off my mind to leave the child in your charge.
②Some students complain that they are_loaded(load)with too much homework.
③Even though I have loads(load)of schoolwork to do，I'll spend some free time having sports so that I can keep fit and energetic.
——微写作
④看到我们的劳动果实被包装好装上卡车，我们都很满意。(2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
Seeing our fruits of labor were_packed_and_loaded_onto_the_truck，we all felt satisfied.
(1)loads of＝a load of　　许多；大量
(2)take a load off one's mind 打消某人的顾虑
(3)load...with... 用……装载…
　The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load of parents has received little attention，especially from their own children.
多年来学生的负担是一个热门话题，但父母的负担，尤其是来自子女的负担，却没有多少人重视。
　a load of/loads of后可跟可数或不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后名词的数一致。
单词三维练　——
用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The beautiful long branches(branch)covered with pink colored buds(蓓蕾)make fantastic decorations.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)These patterns(pattern)are unique to each person.
3．We had many difficulties at first，but eventually(eventual)we succeeded.
4．We should use our schedule flexibly(flexible)to balance our academic and spare time.
5．(2019·北京卷)You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are endless(end).
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化
1．The exhibition sponsored(sponsor)by several famous companies turned out to be a great success.
2．Exchanging(exchange)gifts and sending Christmas cards are common ways of celebrating Christmas in the world.
3．Loaded(load)with the manager's possessions，the truck set off for his new house.
4．Once I started the car，my mind went(go)blank.
在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．In his opinion，exchanging gifts is an appropriate way to make friends.
2．With a rich man sponsoring(sponsor)the exhibition，the leader didn't worry about the cost.
3．The movie transformed her almost from an unknown girl into a famous star.
短语和句式
语境记忆短语　——
记全记牢 用准用活
1.run_out_of 　　　　用完2．make_sense 有意义；讲得通3．take_it_easy 轻松；不紧张4．make_up_of 构成5．in_particular 尤其；特别6．by_chance 偶然地7．hold_on 别挂断；继续；坚持；保持8．try_out 试验；考验9．stay_up 熬夜10．let_out 泄露；发出；放走 ◎ 选用左栏短语填空1．Take_it_easy；you will do well now that you have made full preparations for the contest.2．The couple have run_out_of their money，and they have trouble sending their son into school due to the lack of tuition.3．The school board is_made_up_of parents who have been elected to make decisions about school affairs.4．Believe in yourself，hold_on to your dream and never give up，and you will succeed sooner or later.5．If you want to try_out some new learning methods，you'd better select those who are suitable for your own style.
仿写用活句式　——
◎ 单元句式会写1．句式：why引导的定语从句教材：There are various reasons why_people_write_poetry．人们写诗有各种各样的原因。2．句式：虚拟语气中省略if的倒装句式教材：Should_the_traveller_return，this stone would utter speech.行人归来石应语。3．句式：“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构教材：With_so_many_different_forms_of_poetry_to_choose_from，students may eventually want to write poems of their own.有了这么多不同的可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最后也许想写自己的诗了。4．句式：while表示对比转折教材：Some rhyme(like B)while_others_do_not(like C).有些清单诗押韵(如B)，但有一些没有(如C)。 ◎ 单元主题佳句背诵——诗歌1．There are various reasons why Chinese readers admire poems of the poets.中国读者欣赏这位诗人的诗歌有多种原因。2．When you have read some Chinese poems，you will have seen and heard some of the features that all good poetry shares.读过一些中国诗歌后，你就会看到和听到一些所有好诗都具有的共同特点。3．Poetry also calls up all the colors，feelings，experiences and curious images of a dream world.诗歌还能唤起梦幻世界的一切色彩、感情、经历和各种奇特的幻想。4．No matter how well a poem is translated，something of the spirit of the original work is lost.一首诗不管翻译得多好，都会丢掉原作的一些神韵。
take it easy(＝take things easy)轻松；不紧张；从容
——对比填空(take it easy/take one's time)
①I know you're not feeling well，so try to take_it_easy today.
②Take_your_time，please.Try to follow the natural steps and have your own clock.
——微写作
③虽然高考临近了，但你最好放松些。
You'd_better_take_it_easy although the college entrance examination is approaching.
take one's time　　别着急，慢慢来
take sth. seriously 重视某事，对某事严肃对待
认为……理所当然
take...as... 把……当作…
　You should not take it for granted that you can do the work perfectly.Take it seriously and make enough preparations.不要想当然的认为你能把这项工作做得十分完美；认真对待，并做好充分准备。
run out of用尽；用完
——对比填空(run out；run out of)
①(2019·北京卷)If they run_out_of certain daily necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed.
②Saving is very important because natural resources in our world may run_out one day.
——一句多译
如果我们继续像这样用水，我们很快就会把它用完。
③If we keep using the water like this，we will_soon_run_out_of_it．(run)
④If we keep using the water like this，it'll soon_run_out．(run)
⑤If we keep using the water like this，we will_soon_use_it_up．(use)
⑥If we keep using the water like this，it'll soon_be_used_up．(use)
run out of　　用完；耗尽
run out 用完；用尽
give out 用尽，用完，精疲力竭
use up 用尽，用
　Running out of energy and patience，Jane gave up her walking along the stream and fell to sleep.
耗尽了精力和耐心，简放弃了在小溪边散步，然后就睡着了。
　
(1)run out of＝use up表主动意义；主语一般是人
(2)run out＝be used up表被动意义，主语通常是物
句型公式： why引导的定语从句
(教材P10) There are various reasons why people write poetry.人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
——单句语法填空
①There are various reasons why they want to do part time jobs.
②The reason that/which/不填 he explained to us was that he hadn't read the book before.
——一句多译
她越来越胖的原因是吃太多的垃圾食品。
③She is becoming fatter and fatter.This is because she eats too much junk food.
④She eats too much junk food.That's why she is becoming fatter and fatter.
⑤The_reason_why_he_is_becoming_fatter_and_fatter_is_that she eats too much junk food.
The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……
This is why... 这就是……的原因。(强调结果)
This is because... 这是因为……(强调原因
　I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.
我认为你总是生气的原因可能是学习压力太大。
　
(1)当reason引导的定语从句缺少宾语时，先行词用that或which，或者省略关系代词。
(2)当reason引导的定语从句缺少状语时，先行词用why。
句型公式：“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构
(教材P11) With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，students may eventually want to write poems of their own.有如此多不同类型的诗歌可供选择，学生们最后也许都想写他们自己的诗歌了。
——单句语法填空
①(2018·浙江6月卷)With the night approaching(approach)，I became worried and could not keep calm.
②With an important class meeting to_attend(attend)，I can't accompany you to the book store.
③With more and more forests damaged(damage)，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
——句式升级
④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)As a new stadium has been built in our school，more sports events can be held.
→With_a_new_stadium_built in our school，more sports events can be held.(with复合结构),with的复合结构在句中作状语和定语，其构成为：
(1)with＋宾语＋to do表示将来的动作
(2)with＋宾语＋doing表示主动或进行
(3)with＋宾语＋done表示被动或完成
(4)with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv
　
With birds singing in the tree and everything so green，I feel very delighted and relaxed.
鸟儿在树上歌唱，满眼绿色，我感到既快乐又放松。
短语句式二维练　——
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Moreover，with the stadium set(set)up，a wide range of sports events are able to be held.
2．New Zealand is mainly made up of two islands，the larger of which is the South Island.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Table tennis is popular with the students in our school，and I'm on the school team.
4．We'd better try out our ideas before we put them into practice to ensure success.
5．The reason why people choose to live in the city is that the life is more convenient and colorful.
1．为了实现梦想，必须要努力使自己具有丰富的知识，并且设定一个容易达到的目标。
To achieve one's dream，one must make great efforts to equip oneself with rich knowledge and set a goal which is_easy_to_reach．
2．我总是把宿舍弄得乱七八糟，而我的室友凯特却喜欢把东西摆放的井然有序。
I was always making my dormitory messy while_my_roommate_Kate_was_fond_of_putting_
everything_in_place．
3．So many people communicate in English every day.It will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
→With_so_many_people_communicating_in_English_every_day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.(with复合结构)
维度1　生词生义
1．(2019·天津卷完形)No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face.n.托儿所
2．(2019·江苏卷单选)Unlike traditional gyms，app backed gyms offer people flexible options to exercise.adj.灵活的
3．(2018·江苏卷)Two days ago，Mom asked me to find relevant information on the Internet.But the information I got was rich and varied，or even contradictory.adj.自相矛盾的
维度2　熟词生义
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)People with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.n.个人经历；履历
2．He likes to bare his heart to his close friends.v.向某人袒露心声
3．According to the report，this is the second time this year that the company has sponsored the project.vt.发起；举办
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Leslie正在向你学习汉语。请你发微信告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：
①时间和地点；②内容(学习唐诗)；③课前准备(简要了解唐朝的历史)。
Dear Leslie，
With the next class approaching，I'd like to inform you of the specific class schedule，1.which_is_about_poetry_of_the_Tang_Dynasty(它是关于唐诗).We are to meet on Friday in the park，where the air is good to breathe and the scenery is beautiful in particular.To learn it better，you need to do the following things before the next class.
To begin with，it is appropriate that 2.you_read_a_load_of_materials_about_poetry_of_the_
Tang_Dynasty(你读一大堆关于唐代诗歌的材料)，which plays an extremely important role in Chinese literature.You can find some poems of famous poets，such as Li Bai and Du Fu，whose poems 3.conveyed_their_rich_emotions_and_feelings(表达了他们丰富的情感和感受).In addition，knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty will be of great benefit to you to understand the poems.
After class，you can 4.exchange_your_thoughts_and_ideas_with_me(和我交换你的想法和观点).
Yours，
Li Hua
[友情提示]　每道习题都是一个高考点，每项训练都是对能力的检验，认真对待它们吧！进入“高考提能练(二十七)”，去收获希望，体验成功！本栏目内容以活页形式分册装订！
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13Unit 3　A healthy life
重点单词
分类识记单词　——
核心单词 记全记牢 用准用活
1.ban vt.　　禁止；取缔n. 禁令；谴责2．due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的3．effect n. 结果；效力4．unfit adj. 不健康的；不合适的；不合格的5．quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开6．abuse n．& vt. 滥用；虐待7．tough adj. 困难的；强硬的8．cigarette n. 香烟；纸烟9．lung n. 肺10．chemist n. 药剂师；化学家 ◎ 品句填词1．(2020·新课标山东卷)Watering young plants in the dry season was tough(困难的)for a lone boy.2．The paper is due(到期的)next month，and I am working seven days a week，often long into the night.3．This company is trying to get its staff to quit(停止)smoking by offering extra days off to employees who don't smoke.4．Scientists say that fires and heavy smoke could have a great effect(影响)on global warming.5．Products that are high in calories or caffeine are restricted or banned(ban)in some countries.
拓展单词 1.adolescent n．青少年 adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期2．addicted adj.入迷的；上瘾的→addiction n．沉溺；嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的3．automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→automatically adv.无意识地；自动地4．mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上→physical(反义词)身体的；肉体的5．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望；沮丧6．ashamed adj.感到惭愧的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；厚颜的7．relaxation n．放松；松弛→relax vt.& vi.(使)放松→relaxed adj.轻松的→relaxing adj.使人放松的8．breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的→breathe v．呼吸→breath n．呼吸9．weaken vi.(对某事的决心)动摇；减弱 vt.(使)变弱→weak adj.虚弱的→weakness n．弱点10．illegal adj.不合法的；违法的→legal adj.(反义词)合法的11．judgement n．意见；判断力；审判→judge n．裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决12．embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的→embarrass v．尴尬；使局促不安；使困窘→embarrassment n．窘迫，难堪13．survival n．幸存→survive v．幸存→survivor n．幸存者14．robbery n．抢劫；盗窃→rob v．抢劫；抢夺→robber n．抢劫犯 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·新课标山东卷)The race was of great benefit to the participants，physically and mentally(mental).2．The door opened automatically(automatic)as we approached，which made us frightened.3．To my parents' disappointment，my disappointing math grade greatly disappointed my parents，and their disappointed look urged me to study harder then.(disappoint)4．You should be ashamed of your shameful behaviors or you will be a shameless man.(shame)5．After hearing some relaxing music，she felt quite relaxed，and there was a relaxed expression on her face.(relax)6．If you have a weak body，you have to do more exercise and never weaken before your weakness is exposed to others.(weak)7．The addictive cigarette can addict people，so once you are addicted to smoking cigarettes，it's extremely difficult to fight your addiction．(addict)8．Yesterday，I climbed the mountain top to breathe the fresh air.Although I became breathless when I was on the top，the breath of fresh air was worth it.(breath)
阅读单词 1.prejudice n.　偏见；成见2．pregnant adj. 怀孕的3．abnormal adj. 畸形的；异常的4．packet n. 小包；小盒5．pill n. 药丸；药片6．nicotine n. 尼古丁 7.immune adj.有免疫力的8．needle n. 针；(注射器的)针头9．slippery adj. 滑的10．cigar n. 雪茄烟11．spill vi. 溢出；洒落 vt. 使溢出；使洒落 12.obesity n.　　 　(过度)肥胖；肥胖症13．comprehension n. 理解(力)14．alcohol n. 酒；酒精15．awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的
单元主题语块背诵　——
1．suffer from mental illness　　患精神疾病
2．free medical service 公费医疗
3．be under medical treatment 在治疗中
4．reduce stress 减轻压力
5．fitness center 健身中心
6．go on a low fat diet 低脂饮食
7．early to bed and early to rise 早睡早起
8．suffer from obesity 患有肥胖症
9．the peaceful and relaxing life 平静而悠闲的生活
10．choose an active lifestyle 选择一种积极的生活方式
11．wash hands before meals 饭前洗手
12．work out in the gym 在健身房锻炼
stress n．压力；重音；重点 vt.使紧张；重读；强调；加压力于
——单句语法填空
①Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting stressed(stress)in their studies.
②Due to the fast rhythm of modern life，more and more people are living under great stress.
——微写作
③上周末，我们以“劳动最美”的主题发起了一场活动，并强调了亲手劳动的重要性。(2019·北京卷满分作文)
Last weekend，we started a campaign with the theme “Working is the most beautiful” and stressed_the_importance_of_working_with_our_own_hands．
(1)under stress　　在压力之下
put stress on sth. 强调某事物
(2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性
(3)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的，感到有压力的
stressful adj. 产生压力的；压力重
　As has been stressed many times，learning English well is of great importance to your career development in the future.
正如我多次强调的那样，学好英语对你未来的职业发展非常重要。
due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的
——写出下列句中due to 或due的含义
①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Many parents still limit electronic reading，mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.由于
②She is due to deliver a speech on the economy next week.预定的
③The old man said the accident was due to careless driving，so a lot of money was due to be paid by the driver.由于；应支付
④The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books.到期的
(1)be due to do sth.　　预定做某事
(2)(be)due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人
(be)due to sth. 由于/因为某
　I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，一定要归功于我的健康生活。
　表示“由于；因为”的其他短语：
on account of；because of；as a result of；as a consequence of
addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词块的含义
①Her son addicted himself to smoking，which had a bad effect on his health.
②His mother is trying to rid him of his addiction(addict)to long stories.
③Now I work in a centre for drug addicts，helping others to stop taking drugs.吸毒者中心
——句式升级
④Young people are addicted to playing their cellphones.They completely ignore their friends around.
→Addicted_to_playing_their_cellphones，young people completely ignore their friends around.(分词作状语)
→Young people are addicted to playing their cellphones，completely_ignoring_their_friends_
around．(分词作状语)
(1)be/become addicted to　　沉溺于……；对……上瘾
(2)addict vt. 使沉溺；使上瘾
n. 有瘾的人
addict oneself to sth. 某人沉溺于某事
(3)addiction n. 癖
　Learning that you are addicted to table tennis，I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
得知你热衷于乒乓球，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们学校的乒乓球队。
　“addict；addicted”在表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”时，都和介词to连用。
accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的
——单句语法填空
①Knowing that you are not accustomed to the life here，I feel very upset.
②For those accustomed(accustom)to a comfortable life，the change to remote areas must have been very hard.
——句式升级
③The old man is accustomed to living in the countryside，and he finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.
→Having_accustomed_himself to living in the countryside，the old man finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.(现在分词作状语)
→Accustomed to living in the countryside，the old man finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.(过去分词作状语)
(1)be accustomed to(doing)sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)
get/become accustomed to(doing)sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)
(2)accustom vt. 使习惯于
accustom oneself to(doing)sth. 使自己习惯于(做)某
　He quickly accustomed himself to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college.
他很快适应了大学里的浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。
　to 为介词的短语：
be addicted to；get used to；get accustomed to
effect n．结果；效力；影响
——补全句子/单句语法填空
①The new law has_come_into_effect(生效)for a month，and it will surely have_a_great_effect_on_us(对我们有很大影响).
②(2020·新高考山东卷)However，the majority of people are effective(effect)speakers because they train to be.
——词汇替换(替换加黑词汇)
③Global warming is greatly affecting hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.
→Global warming is having_a_great_effect/influence/impact_on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.
(1)take effect　生效；见效
have an effect/influence on/upon 对……产生影响
put...into effect 实施；使……生效/起作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的
(3)affect vt. 影
　I introduced the history of tea making，which has a great effect/influence/impact on them to help better understand our tea drinking culture.(2018·北京卷满分作文)
我介绍了制茶的历史，这对帮助他们更好地理解我们的饮茶文化有很大的影响。
ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
——补全句子/单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)We are often ashamed_of_our_shortcomings(为自己的缺点感到羞愧)，our mistakes and our failures.
②I felt ashamed(shame)of taking advantage of his sympathy，and I finally apologized to him.
③It is shameful(shame)to break school rules，to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve progress.
——微写作
④真遗憾你住那么远，否则我们就可以经常见面了。
It's_a_shame/pity_that you live at such a distance；otherwise we could see each other often.
(1)be ashamed to do...　　耻于做……；因难为情而不愿做……
feel/be ashamed of(doing)sth. 为(做)某事感到羞愧
(2)It's a shame that.../What a shame that... ……真让人遗憾
(3)shameful adj. 可耻的；不道德的
shameless adj. 无耻的；不知羞耻
　In my opinion，you should be ashamed of your foolish behaviour.
依我看来，你应该对自己愚蠢行为感到羞耻。
单词三维练　——
用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe(breath)more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The city was crowded with disappointed(disappoint)people with no interest in settling down.
3．(2019·江苏卷)Large human brains consume more food，and weaken(weak)muscles.
4．(2018·江苏卷)Wild camping is illegal(legal)in England.To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning.
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化
1．(2018·天津卷)What I want to_stress(stress)is that our group is looking for new members right now.
2．(2018·浙江卷)They hope paper bags will_be_banned(ban)someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
3．Being_addicted(addict)to computer games can be harmful to you in many ways.
4．With a serious illness to treat，the girl had_quit(quit)school by the end of last term.
5．Long illness has_weakened(weak)her health over the past two months.
在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．It's reported that passengers are banned from eating and drinking on subway trains.
2．Professor Smith is due to_give(give)us a lecture at eight tomorrow morning.
3．Having moved to the northeast of China，I had to accustom myself(I)to the dry weather.
4．I was once ashamed to_admit(admit)my weakness，but now I have no such feeling.
5．There are various reasons why she has to quit attending(attend)the meeting.
短语和句式
语境记忆短语　——
记全记牢 用准用活
1.due_to 　由于……2．be_accustomed_to 习惯于……3．feel_like(doing) 想要(做)……4．take_risks/a_risk 冒险5．at_risk 处境危险；遭受危险6．be_addicted_to 对……有瘾7．decide_on 对……做出决定8．in_spite_of 不顾；不管9．get_into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)10．reach_out_for 接触；够着11．manage_to_do_sth. 设法完成……12．out_of_breath 上气不接下气 ◎ 选用左栏短语填空1．(2019·天津卷) In_spite_of all the problems，several of the players produced excellent performances.2．The team played a big part in helping Jennie to decide_on a career and find a position.3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I have got_into the habit of playing basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.4．Susan felt_like going to the park for a walk with Sara，while she was not in the mood.5．Many kids are_addicted_to surfing the Net，so they have lost interest in study.
仿写用活句式　——
◎ 单元句式会写1．句式：as引导非限制性定语从句教材：As_you_know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。2．句式：“as＋ adj.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as...”结构教材：I do hope so because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as_I_have．我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。3．句式：It is/was time to do sth.该到做某事的时候了教材：When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit，I knew it_was_time_to_quit_smoking．当我因为身体不健康而被学校足球队除名时，我意识到是时候戒烟了。4．句式：every time 引导时间状语从句，意为“每一次，每当”教材：Every_time_you_feel_like_smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a non smoker.每当你想要吸烟时，提醒自己你是个不吸烟的人。 ◎ 单元主题佳句背诵——健康生活1．It is taking exercise that can keep us healthier and more energetic.锻炼可以使我们更健康，更有活力。2．Not only does exercise improve our health but also makes us cheerful and raises our learning efficiency.锻炼不仅能改善我们的健康状况，而且使我们的精神愉悦并提高学习效率。3．One of the effective means of reducing our pressure is taking exercise including having PE classes.一个减少压力的有效手段是锻炼，包括上体育课。4．Exercise and fresh air are essential to our health.锻炼和新鲜的空气对我们的健康必不可少。5．As is known to us，early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy，wealthy and wise.众所周知，早睡早起使人健康，富有且聪明。
take risks/a risk冒险
——补全句子/单句语法填空
①We have the courage to meet challenges and take_risks(冒险)in our life，which helps to realize our dreams.
②He got well prepared for the job interview，for he couldn't risk losing(lose)the good opportunity.
——微写作
③交通问题不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且还使人们的生命处于危险之中。
Not only does the traffic issue affect our daily life，but it also puts_people's_lives_at_risk．
(1)at risk　　有风险；处境危险
at the risk of... 冒着……的危险
run the risk(of doing sth.) 冒险(做某事)
put...at risk 让……处于危险之中
(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某
　However，the speaker thinks that most people who take risks believe that nothing terrible will happen to them.
但是，发言人认为大多数冒险者都认为糟糕的事情不会发生在自己的身上。
get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)
——用get短语填空
①If you get_into trouble，we are willing to help you out.
②A smile can help us get_through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
③After Christmas I'm going to get_down_to some serious job hunting.
——微写作
④我已经养成了打篮球的习惯，因为它一直给我力量来面对生活中的挑战。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
I have_got_into_the_habit_of_playing_basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.
get into the habit of 养成……的习惯
get across (使)通过；(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚
get through 熬过(困难时期)；通过；接通电话
get on/along with 进展；相处
get down to 开始做某
　Looking back on my past few years，friends gave me so much help that I could get over difficulties which I had to face with.
回顾过去的几年，朋友给了我那么多的帮助，我才能克服我不得不面对的困难。
句型公式：(1)“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句
(2)“as＋ adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as...”结构
(教材P18) I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。
——单句语法填空
①(2020·新课标山东卷满分作文)We do hope there will be more meaningful activities in the coming future.
②To our joy，he did manage to finish the task ahead of schedule.
③We wanted him to have as full a life as possible，not different from what we want for our other two sons.
④As a matter of fact，I can't afford as expensive a car as this one.
——微写作
⑤我们校园里，打乒乓球和踢足球一样受欢迎。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
Playing ping pong is as_popular_an_activity_as playing football in our campus.
(1)“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：
·句子是肯定句；
·句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
(2)“as＋ adj.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as...”像……一样…
　I do cherish the educational opportunity and I always adopt the proverb to serve as a reminder.
我很珍惜这个受教育的机会，我总是用这句话来提醒自己。
The young man hopes to live as simple a life as his grandpa.
这个年轻人希望过和他爷爷一样简朴的生活。
短语句式二维练　——
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．It was only when I reread his poem recently that I began to appreciate their beauty.
2．As a matter of fact，getting rid of a bad habit is as much an effort as forming a good one.
3．He doesn't want to take a risk of losing his job，especially since he became the main source of family's income.
4．I'm so exhausted after the exchange program that I feel like going(go)to bed now.
1．我赚了一大笔钱，所以我决定是时候回家陪伴父母了。
I made a large sum of money，so I decided that it_was_time_for_me_to_set_off_for_home to accompany my parents.
2．汤姆就是一个像你刚才提到的人一样友好的男孩。
Tom is as_friendly_a_boy_as_the_one you just mentioned.
3．我们确实希望在未来会有更多有意义的活动。(2019·北京卷书面表达)
We_do_hope there will be more meaningful activities in the coming future.
4．人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。(状语从句的省略)
People can enjoy the full moon while_eating_mooncakes，which are the special food for this festival.
维度1　生词生义
1．(2020·江苏卷任务型阅读)Quality counts less than attitude and effort—even a stupid joke can free others of risk and embarrassment.n.难堪
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running，research shows，while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.n.健康
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over.adj.尴尬的
维度2　熟词生义
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ七选五)A number of films have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.vt.引起
2．The manager is desperate for a relaxing holiday after a year's work.adj.渴望
3．His parents' disapproval didn't weaken his determination to go abroad.vt.动摇
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
由于各种原因，你校的许多同学养成了熬夜的习惯，熬夜会对健康造成很大的危害。请你以“The Harmful Effects of Staying Up Late”为题，写一篇英语短文，给你校英文报投稿，以使熬夜的同学认识到熬夜的危害并改掉这一不良习惯。
There are various reasons why many students have 1.got_into_the_habit_of_staying_up_late
(养成了熬夜的习惯).Actually，staying up late is a bad habit，2.which_will_have_bad_effects_
on_our_health(对我们的健康产生不良影响).
To begin with，it will not only lead to a lack of energy but also cause us to suffer from headaches and be unable to concentrate on our lessons.Additionally，long time staying up late will 3.weaken_our_memory(削弱我们的记忆力)，and do harm to eyesight as well as liver.What's worse，4.those_who_are_accustomed_to_staying_up_late(习惯熬夜的人)are more likely to suffer from other diseases.
Therefore，5.it_is_high_time_that_we_should_adopt/adopted_a_healthy_lifestyle(该是我们采取健康生活方式的时候了)and quitted/gave up staying up late.
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12Unit 4　Global warming
重点单词
分类识记单词　——
核心单词 记全记牢 用准用活
1.quantity n.　量；数量2．glance vi. 看一下；扫视n. 一瞥3．advocate vt. 拥护；提倡；主张4．mild adj. 温和的；温柔的；淡的5．range n. 种类；范围6．average adj. 平均的7．circumstance n. 环境；情况8．refresh vt. 使恢复；使振动9．casual adj. 随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的10．electrical adj. 电的；与电有关的 ◎ 品句填词1．The team will hold a wide range(种类；范围)of activities，including various training and matches.2．The Chinese government advocates(提倡)that we should live a low carbon life.3．Outdoor activity lovers hold the opinion that taking exercise is a wonderful way to refresh(使恢复)themselves.4．This organization offers help and support to singer mothers，whatever their circumstances(circumstance)are.5．Quantities(quantity)of money have been spent in bringing up the children since they were married.
拓展单词 1.consume vt.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完→consumer n．顾客2．tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理→tendency n．倾向；趋势3．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj.反对的；对立的4．consequence n．结果；后果；影响→consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此；所以5．state vt.陈述；说明→statement n．说明；说法；表白6．steady adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的→steadily adv.平稳地；持续地7．economical adj.节约的；经济的→economic adj.经济的→economy n．经济；节约8．existence n．生存；存在→exist vi.存在→existing adj.目前的；现在的9．pollution n．污染；弄脏→pollute vt.污染→polluted adj.被污染的10．growth n．增长；生长→grow v．种植；生长；发展11．disagreement n．分歧；不一致→disagree v．不同意→agree v．同意；赞成→agreement n．同意；赞成；一致12．educator n．教育工作者；教育家→educate v．教育；培养→education n．教育；培养13．contribution n．贡献；捐助→contribute v．贡献；撰稿；捐助；捐赠14．environmental adj.环境的→environment n．环境 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·天津卷满分作文)What's more，videos about the three years' life，which witnessed the whole process of our growth(grow)，were played.2．(2019·北京卷语法填空)Earth Day，marked on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental(环境的)protection.3．There were a lot of disagreements among us on this issue at first，but finally we reached an agreement．(agree)4．Thanks to the river chief system，the local rivers' pollution has been stopped，and you cannot see any polluted water in this city.(pollute)5．They have contributed a lot of food and clothing to the refugees so far and their contributions will certainly help the refugees live through the winter.(contribute)6．The storm tends to hit our city，and we will observe the tendency of it closely.(tend)7．The air conditioners of this type consume too much electricity.Many consumers complain about this.(consume)8．With the decline of the global economy，her family is faced with many economic problems，one of which is whether to buy an economical stove to survive the whole winter.(economy)
阅读单词 1.graph n.　图表；坐标图；曲线图2．renewable adj. 能再生的；可更新的3．phenomenon(复数 ena)n.现象4．fuel n. 燃料5．catastrophe n. 大灾难；浩劫6．drought n. 旱灾；干旱7．random adj. 胡乱的；任意的 8.can n.　 容器；罐头9．microwave n. 微波炉；微波10．presentation n. 显示；演出11．nuclear adj. 核的；核能的；原子核的12．commitment n. 承诺；交托；信奉13．economical adj. 节约的；经济的14．individual n. 个人；个体 adj. 单独的；个别的 15.greenhouse n．温室；花房16．data n. 资料；数据17．trend n. 趋势；倾向；走向18．subscribe vi. 同意；捐赠；订阅 vt. 签署(文件)；捐助 19．widespread adj. 分布广的；普遍的20．motor n. 发动机21．outer adj. 外部的；外面的
单元主题语块背诵　——
1．make proper use of water resources 合理利用水资源
2．the theme of environmental protection 环境保护主题
3．make animals lose their homes to live in 使动物们失去了它们赖以生存的家园
4．solar energy/power 太阳能
5．raise the awareness of people's environmental protection 唤醒人们的环保意识
6．global warming 全球变暖
7．recycled materials 可回收材料
8．greenhouse gases 温室气体
9．natural phenomenon 自然现象
10．develop renewable resources 开发可再生资源
11．live a low carbon life 低碳生活
12．ecological balance 生态平衡
quantity n．量；数量；数目
——单句语法填空
①A large quantity of books have_been_contributed(contribute)to the children in the countryside since then.
②As a result of destroying the forests，a large quantity of desert has_covered(cover)the land in the last few years.
——微写作
③我知道你曾经参加过机器人大赛，并且获了奖，因此你肯定积累了大量的经验。(2019·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
I know you once participated in the Robotics competition and won the reward，so you must_have_accumulated_a_large_quantity_of/large_quantities_of_experience．
a large/small quantity of　　大/少量的
(large)quantities of 大量的
in quantity/in large quantities 大量
　
So what is the right amount of praise Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.(2019·浙江卷)
那么，适当的赞美是多少呢？专家说，表扬的质量比数量更重要。
　
(1)“a quantity of ＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；
(2)“quantities of ＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量
——单句语法填空
①However，many students and parents oppose separating(separate)students into science and art.
②Some students are_opposed(oppose)to the decision and think that it will limit their freedom.
——词汇升级
③The senior students are strongly against being treated unfairly by others.
→The senior students strongly object_to being treated unfairly by others.
→The senior students are strongly opposed_to being treated unfairly by others.
(1)oppose sth./doing sth.　反对(做)某事
(2)opposed adj. 反对的；对立的
be opposed to doing sth. 反对做某
　Today，more and more English words find their way into the Chinese language.Some people are in favour of it while others oppose.
现在，越来越多的英文单词进入到汉语中，有些人支持，然而有些人反对。
　表示“反对；不赞成”的表达有：disagree with；be against；object to；hold negative attitudes towards等。
consequence n．结果；后果；影响
——补全句子/单句语法填空
①As_a_consequence_/result_of_his_laziness(由于懒惰)，he was fired by the boss of the company.
②(2017·江苏卷书面表达) Consequently(consequent)，some viewers began to turn away from cinemas，leading to a slower growth.
——词汇升级
③(2020·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Regardless of the risk of getting infected，Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.As a result，he deserves our respect.
→Regardless of the risk of getting infected，Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.As_a_consequence，he deserves our respect.
(1)as a consequence　　因此；结果
as a consequence of 由于……的缘故
(2)consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的
consequently adv. 因此；结
　It is known to us that the rise in global temperature will result in serious consequences.
众所周知，全球气温上升将会导致严重的后果。
As a result，children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.
结果，孩子变得如此依赖他们的父母，他们没有独立的想法或创造性的想法。
range n．种类；范围；幅度；界限 v．(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列
——单句语法填空
①(2017·北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range)from butterflies to elephants.
②When driving on highways，the driver must control his or her speed within/in the range of 60 km/h to 120 km/h.
——句式升级
③My family has many advantages.They range from accommodation to the convenience of travelling.
→My family has many advantages，ranging_from_accommodation_to_the_convenience_of_
travelling．(分词作状语)
(1)a wide range of　　一系列……
beyond/out of range 在射程外；在范围外
within range 在射程以内；在范围内
(2)range from...to... 在……范围内变动
range between...and... 在……和……范围内变
　The farm，located in the suburb of our city，has a wide range of crops such as vegetables and fruits.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
这个农场位于我们城市的郊区，种植着各种各样的农作物，如蔬菜和水果。
average adj.平均的；普通的；平常的 n．平均数；一般水准 v．计算出……的平均数
——猜测加黑词的含义
①The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.
adj.平均的
②(2020·江苏卷)They burned more fat on average.n.平均数
③There was nothing special about the film—it was only average.adj.普通的
④(2019·江苏卷)Modern man has a brain averaging 1200 1400 cm3.v.平均为
(1)an average of　　平均有(后跟数词)
(2)on(the)average 平均起来
above/below average 平均水平以上/以下
up to average 达到一般水准
(3)average out 算出平均
　All students have two PE classes a week and run for an average of 20 minutes every day.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
所有学生每周有两节体育课，每天平均跑20分钟。
circumstance n．环境；情况
——补全句子
①It might not be a perfect solution，but it's the best I can do under/in_the_circumstances(在此情况下).
②If_circumstances_allow/permit(如果情况允许)，I will spare no effort to help you.
——微写作
③另外，惩罚绝不是一种帮助他们在精神和身体方面健康成长的明智的选择。
Furthermore，under_no_circumstances_is_punishment a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.(倒装)
in/under no circumstances　　决不(位于句首倒装)
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下
in/under any circumstances 在任何情况下
if circumstances allow/permit 如果情况允
　Under no circumstances did I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.
当我决定接受这份工作时，我完全没有料到会遇到这么多问题。
单词三维练　——
用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换
1．(2020·浙江卷7月)Of course，our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons—including other environmental(environment)influences or genetic factors.
2．(2020·新高考山东卷)There was no extra money set aside for a college education(educate).
3．(2018·江苏卷)No doubt the theater has contributed to the area's development and economic growth(grow).
4．There are some disagreements(disagree)among us，so we need to decide on a date to discuss the matter.
5．In spite of many difficulties，his English has improved steadily(steady)in recent months.
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化
1．She entered the room，glancing(glance)around to see who was in the room.
2．He advocated(advocate)building more schools instead of shops in this area at the meeting held yesterday.
3．The Qinghai Tibet Plateau is the world's highest plateau，averaging(average)over 4，000 metres above sea level.
4．I am writing to apply for the volunteer position stated(state)in your notice.
5．Pleasant music is often played between classes to make students refreshed(refresh)and relaxed for a while.
在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．Quantities(quantity)of food and tents were sent to earthquake stricken areas from Shandong Province.
2．Under these circumstances(circumstance)，what matters most is not only our persistence but also our attitudes.
3．Many citizens are opposed to pulling(pull)down the old building，because it dates back to the 16th century，which should be protected.
4．Animal activists advocate that the government (should)set(set)up a special organization to protect these migrating birds.
5．People under stress tend to_develop(develop)their full range of potential.
短语和句式
语境记忆短语　——
记全记牢 用准用活
1.come_about 　　发生；造成2．subscribe_to 同意；赞成；订阅3．go_up 上升；增长；升起4．be_opposed_to 反对……5．keep_on 继续6．on_the_whole 大体上；基本上7．on_average 平均来看below/above_average 低/高于平均水平8．put_up_with 忍受；容忍9．and_so_on 等等10．quantities_of 大量的11．result_in 导致12．even_if 即使，尽管13．on_behalf_of 代表……一方；作为……的代言人14．so_long_as 只要 ◎ 选用左栏短语填空1．On_behalf_of the Student Union，I'm writing to invite you to give us a talk from 3：00 pm to 5：00 pm next Wednesday.2．William spent too much time and money on his cellphone，thus resulting_in doing poorly in the exam.3．My mother was_opposed_to my idea of going on a trip around Europe alone，because she thought it was dangerous.4．Most of the representatives think that on_the_whole the meeting is a great success.5．I would like to subscribe_to New Scientist to keep up with advances in science.6．People who ever worked with Bob all said that they couldn't put_up_with his rudeness.7．Some scientists say sea levels are going_up and will continue to rise in the future.8．How did the accident come_about since the driver drove at such a low speed？
仿写用活句式　——
◎ 单元句式会写1．句式：There is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句。教材：There_is_no_doubt_that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming.毫无疑问，地球正在变暖，是人类活动导致了全球变暖。2．句式：even if/though “即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。教材：Even_if_we_start_reducing_the_amount_of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。3．句式：so/as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。教材：It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as_you_are_using_it —if not，turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！ ◎ 单元主题佳句背诵——社会发展与环境的关系1．Better living conditions can really be reached as long as the environment is well protected.只有保护好环境，才能真正拥有更好的生活条件。2．If we don't take action to protect the environment on which we are relying，we will have to face an increasingly awful situation.如果我们再不采取措施保护我们赖以生存的环境，我们将不得不面对越来越糟糕的情况。3．Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we get along well with it.Only by saving the environment can we save ourselves.只有通过改变我们与环境相处的方式，才能与环境和谐共处，只有通过挽救环境才能拯救我们自己。4．In many parts of the world，as people become more aware and apply new technology to solving the pollution problem，there is hope for the future.在世界上很多地方，随着人们对环境污染问题的认识越来越清楚，并使用新的技术解决污染问题，未来还是大有希望的。
——对比填空(result in/result from)
①For most of the time，the leftover children can't get emotional support from their parents，resulting_in so many problems.
②The fact that many species are dying out results_from more and more noise pollution.
——一句多译
由于缺乏社交而产生的误解，如果处理不当，可能会导致严重的问题。(分词作定语)
③Misunderstandings resulting_from_lack_of_social_communication，if not handled properly，may result_in_serious_problems．
④Misunderstandings arising_from_lack_of_social_communication，if not handled properly，may lead_to_serious_problems．
(1)result from　　由……造成；因……而产生
(2)as a result 结果
as a result of 由于……的结果
without result 没有结果；白
　As a result，in order to enrich my social experience，I decided to apply for the job.
结果，为了丰富我的社会经验，我决定申请这份工作。
　
(1)result in的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果”；
(2)result from的主语是“结果”，宾语是“起因”。
(3)表示“导致”的词语还有：cause，lead to，contribute to等。
put up with容忍；忍受
——用put短语填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)First I cut the tomatoes into pieces and put them aside．
②A week before Earth Day，posters were put_up around our school，calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.
③In that case，we will have to learn to put_up_with some of his shortcomings and try to discover his advantages.
——词汇升级
④He'll have to find some other work for he can't stand/bear this loud noise any more.
→He'll have to find some other work for he can't put_up_with/tolerate this loud noise any more.
put aside　　节省；储蓄；储存
put away 收起来
put forward 提出建议；把……向前拨
put off 延期；推迟
put out 熄灭；扑灭
put up 提出；推荐；留某人住
　Seeing that，my classmates and I had a short discussion and we put forward a good idea of recycling.
看到这，我和同学们进行了简短的讨论，我们提出了一个很好的回收利用的想法。
　表示“容忍；忍受”的词语还有：tolerate，stand，bear等。
句型公式：so/as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句
(教材P30) It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如果不用，就把它关掉！
——补全句子
①(2020·天津卷)Jim says we can stay in his house as_long_as_we_leave_it_clean_and_tidy
(只要我们保持房子干净整洁).
②You can write anything relevant as/so_long_as_it's_interesting(只要有趣)and informative.
③We can know more about the life of great people as_well_as_history_and_cultures(也能了解历史和文化)of other countries.
——微写作
④只要我们每个人都尊重劳动者，我们就可以创造更多的社会财富。(2019·北京卷满分作文)
As_long_as_each_of_us_respects_the_labour，we can create more social wealth.
(1)引导条件状语从句的连词短语：
in case　　如果；万一
on condition that 只要；如果
provided that 如果；条件是
(2)as...as的其他短语：
as well as 也；又；和……一样好
as soon as 一……就……
as far as 就……而言；至
　As long as we have a strong will，we will be able to overcome any difficulty.
只要我们有坚强的意志，我们能够克服任何困难。
短语句式二维练　——
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．According to the data，the price for this product has gone up a lot in the last few months.
2．As far as I'm concerned，her failure in the competition resulted from his casual attitude.
3．In order to keep rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from being_polluted(pollute)，we must do something to protect them.
4．For Senior Three students，there is no doubt that time is very limited；even a minute is of great value.
1．我的老师总是提醒我，一旦设定了学习目标，在任何情况下都不应该放弃。
My teacher always reminds me that under_no_circumstances_should_I_abandon_my_
learning_goals once I set them.
2．尽管我们都尽最大的努力去说服汤姆，但是他依然拒绝参加这场比赛。
Tom still refused to join in the game，even_if_we_all_did_our_best_to_persuade_him．
3．On condition that you keep studying hard，you can improve your maths.
→As_long_as_you_keep_studying_hard，you can improve your maths.
4．时光飞驰！两周过去了，我们的交流活动结束了。代表我的学校，我想表达一下我的感受。
①How time flies！Two weeks went by，and our exchange activities ended.On_behalf_of_
my_school，I would like to express my feelings.
②How time flies！Two weeks went by，and our exchange activities ended.Representing_
my_school，I would like to express my feelings.
维度1　生词生义
1．(2020·江苏卷阅读C)Those who ate breakfast before exercise consumed a bit more calories.vt.消耗
2．(2020·江苏卷完形)When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later，his parents attempted to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had happened to their lives.n.大灾难；浩劫
3．(2020·天津卷阅读B)Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter，especially for a seventeen year old girl.adj.随便的，随意的
维度2　熟词生义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ阅读B)Earlier this year，the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art，with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.v.刺激，加强
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation(植被)，which reduced plant diversity in the park.v.烧毁，毁灭
3．All the books dealing with how to learn English well are ranged on the shelf.vt.放置
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假设你校将举办城市环保宣传活动，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
①垃圾现状；②提出倡议。
1．It_is_a_great_honour_for_me_to_deliver_a_speech_here_on_behalf_of_my_class(我很荣幸能代表我的班级在这里演讲).
Almost every day quantities of rubbish，such as plastic bags，and fruit peels can be seen floating on the river behind our school.There is no doubt that it is the rubbish 2.that_results_in_the_pollution_of_the_river(导致了河流的污染).Even if we stress the importance of protecting the environment，many people just keep on littering.On the whole，we can hardly put up with and 3.are_strongly_opposed_to_such_behavior(强烈反对这种行为).
In my view，4.as_long_as_we_can_make_contributions_to_protecting_the_environment(只要我们能为保护环境做出贡献)，the world will become a much better place to live in.
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13Unit 5　The power of nature
重点单词
分类识记单词　——
核心单词 记全记牢 用准用活
1.wave n.　波浪；波涛vi. 波动；起伏；挥手2．suit n. 一套外衣；套装vt. 适合；使适宜3．potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj. 可能的；潜在的4．precious adj. 贵重的；珍贵的5．tremble vi. 摇晃；摇动；颤抖6．sweat n. 汗vi. 出汗7．diverse adj. 多种多样的；不同的8．guarantee vt. 保证；担保9．bathe vi. 洗澡；游泳10．shoot vt. 射中；射伤 ◎ 品句填词1．I would appreciate it very much if you could give us some precious(宝贵的)advice on how to improve our online English school.2．He gave me a guarantee(保证)that he would manage to find a flexible approach.3．Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to develop their greatest potential(潜能).4．He was so worried that sweat(汗)began to pour down his face.5．She had been waving(挥手)goodbye to him on the platform until she lost sight of him.6．The sun began to rise in the sky，bathing(bathe)the mountain in golden light.
拓展单词 1.equipment n．设备；装备→equip vt.装备2．appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n．约会；任命3．absolute adj.绝对的；完全的→absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地4．uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的→comfortable adj.合适的；舒适的→comfort vt.使安慰5．anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望6．appreciation n．欣赏；感激；感谢→appreciate vt.欣赏；感激7．fog n．雾→foggy adj.有雾的8．erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发9．evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计→evaluation n．评估10．unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的→conscious adj.(反义词)有知觉的，有意识的11．panic vi.& vt.惊慌 n．惊慌；恐慌→panicked(过去式)→panicked(过去分词)12．novel n．小说 adj.新奇的→novelist n．小说家 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ) She was displeased with absolutely(absolute)everything，nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a “regular”．2．Chinese American novelist Gish Jen covers great many a topic in her novels，such as culture，race，and immigrants etc.(novel)3．He was appointed as manager of the company.But to everyone's surprise，he didn't accept the appointment．(appoint)4．He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety．(anxious)5．People with an appreciation of art and literature can appreciate works of art.(appreciate)6．Do you want to evaluate your intelligence？Just complete the evaluation from below，please.(evaluate)7．Tom panicked at the sound of explosion and his wife also got into a panic．(panic)8．Tom was badly hurt and still unconscious after the accident，but his wife was conscious and was smiling to us consciously.(conscious)
阅读单词 1.diagram n.　图解；图表；示意图2．volcano n. 火山3．hurricane n. 飓风；风暴4．questionnaire n. 问卷；调查表5．database n. 数据库；资料库6．sample n. 样品；样本 7.helmet n.　头盔8．boot n. 靴子9．typhoon n. 台风10．thunderstorm n. 雷暴11．persuasion n. 信服；说服12．fountain vi.& vt. 泉水般地喷出或涌出 n. 喷泉；源泉 13.rainbow n.　彩虹14．balcony n. 阳台15．candidate n. 候选人；候补者16．arouse vt. 激发；唤醒17．ash n. 灰；灰末18．spaceman n. 宇航员；航天专家
单元主题语块背诵　——
1．acid rain　　酸雨
2．economic losses 经济损失
3．natural disaster 自然灾害
4．rebuild one's home 重建家园
5．stricken area 受灾地区
6．warning level 警戒水位
7．be trapped in the water 被困在水中
8．a big threat to people's lives 对人们的生活是一个巨大的威胁
9．leave everything in ruins 使一切都成为废墟
10．at the mercy of wind and rain 任凭风雨的摆布
11．extreme weather 极端天气
12．tornado warnings 龙卷风警告
appoint vt.任命；委派；约定；指定(时间、地点等)
——单句语法填空
①You can put the books in the appointed(appoint)place，and other participants can have free access to them.
②(2018·北京卷)Good morning.I'd like to make an appointment(appoint)for next Wednesday afternoon.
——句式升级
③He was appointed as headmaster of the school.He spared no effort to improve its teaching quality.
→Appointed_as_headmaster_of_the_school，he spared no effort to improve its teaching quality.(分词作状语)
(1)appoint sb.as/to be...　任命某人为……
appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2)appointment n. 任命；约会
make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会
keep an appointment 守约
break an appointment 违
　I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.
我被任命负责安排那天的所有活动。
suit n．一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜
——单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)If you look at all sides of the situation，you'll find probably a solution that suits(suit)everyone.
②A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his pupils.
——一句多译
因为我精通英语，我的确认为我适合这项志愿者工作。(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
③I do believe I am_suitable_for/am_fit_for this voluntary work，because I have a good knowledge of English.
④I do believe this voluntary work suits_me，because I have a good knowledge of English.
(1)suit...to...　使……适合……
suit one's needs 适合某人的需要
(2)suitable adj. 适当的；相配的
be suitable for sb./sth. 适合于某人/某物
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某
　If not，let me know what time suits you best.
如果不方便，请告诉我什么时间最适合你。
　(1)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等；
(2)fit多指大小、形状的合适；
(3)match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的
——单句语法填空
①Anxiously(anxious)，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only to find it didn't fit.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)There's tension and anxiety(anxious)from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust.
——微写作
③我很担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上很难入睡。
I'm so_anxious_about_the_coming_exam_that I can hardly fall asleep at night.
(1)be anxious for/about　为……担心/担忧
be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事
(2)anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望
with anxiety＝anxiously 焦虑地；不安
　I was told the Learning Centre provides help for students and I'm anxious to get help from you.
别人告诉我辅导中心可以给学生提供帮助，我急于想从您那儿得到一些帮助。
guarantee vt.保证；担保 n．保证；保证书
——单句语法填空/翻译加黑词块
①Guarantee to_behave(behave)yourself when invited to your Chinese friend's home.
②Going out with friends is_guaranteed(guarantee)to cheer you up，especially when you are in low spirits.
③(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.没有……的保证
——微写作
④我们应该注意细节，这样才能保证最后的成功。
We should pay attention to small details，which_can_guarantee_to_succeed_in_the_end．
(1)guarantee to do sth./that...　保证/担保做某事；确保……
guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某事
(2)give sb. a guarantee(that)... 向某人保证……
under guarantee 在保修期
　Years of school life have taught me a lot of things，of which what I value most is that whenever we do something，we should pay attention to every small detail，which can guarantee our success in the end.
多年的学校生活教会了我很多东西，其中我最珍惜的是，每当我们做什么，我们应该注意每一个小细节，这可以保证我们最终成功。
panic vi.& vt.(使人或动物)受惊；惊慌 n．惊慌；恐慌
——单句语法填空
①Even the great speaker sometimes will be in panic and slip into a bathroom for practice before making a speech.
②A group of children panicked(panic)when they realized that they got lost in the woods.
——微写作
③每当人们在惊恐慌乱中做出决定时，结果往往都不太美妙。
Whenever_people_make_decisions_when_they_are_in_panic，the consequences are rarely pretty.
(1)in panic　　惊慌失措地
get into a panic 陷入恐慌
(2)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人惊慌地做某
　I got into a panic when I saw smoke coming out of the kitchen.
看到厨房冒烟，我顿时慌了手脚。
　注意panic的过去式和过去分词都是“panicked”。
单词三维练　——
用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换
1．(2020·新高考山东卷) People want to listen to someone who is interesting，relaxed and comfortable(comfort).
2．(2019·天津卷)A man should learn suitable(suit)ways to deal with life.
3．(2018·天津卷) Anxiously(anxious)I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain.
4．He made it absolutely(absolute)clear that the manager was opposed to the idea.
5．As a consequence of the foggy(fog)weather，the activity had to be put off.
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Ehlers thought about the small dog he had seen trembling(tremble)alongside the road.
2．We will not be_panicked(panic)into making a decision before we have considered all the evidence.
3．She was the first woman to_be_appointed(appoint)to the board，for which she felt very excited and happy.
4．The pop star walked out of the stage，waving(wave)her hands elegantly to her crazy fans.
5．Consequently，I was led to a small room bathed(bathe)in soft red light.
在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．If you have the interest to visit there，don't forget to take a camera and you are guaranteed to_enjoy(enjoy)the sights in their natural state.
2．Even if she was not experienced enough，she was anxious to_get(get)the job.
3．On the whole，he has the potential to_become(become)a world class musician.
短语和句式
语境记忆短语　——
记全记牢 用准用活
1.be_suitable_for 　　适合……2．be_appointed_as 被任命为……3．be_anxious_about 因……而焦虑4．vary_from...to... 由……到……不等5．make_one's_way_to 前往……6．burn_to_the_ground 全部焚毁7．be_home_to ……的发源地8．glance_through 匆匆看一遍9．have_a_gift_for 有……天赋10．give_birth_to 产生；生产11．in_the_distance 在远处12．compared_with... 与……相比 ◎ 选用左栏短语填空1．On seeing the heavy smoke in_the_distance，Mr.King realized that the house was on fire.2．Much to his sorrow，his new house beside the lake was_burnt_to_the_ground by a terrible fire.3．Our manager glanced_through my report and found a spelling mistake.4．The Greens have an eight year old girl who has_a_gift_for painting.They expect her to be an artist in the future.5．All languages change over time，and vary_from place to place because of the local accent.6．It is believed by almost everyone that Paris is_home_to fashion.
仿写用活句式　——
◎ 单元句式会写1．句式：现在分词的完成式作状语教材：Having_collected_and_evaluated_the_information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。2．句式：独立主格结构作原因状语教材：This_being_my_first_experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。3．句式：be about to do...when...正要……这时……教材：I was_about_to_go_back_to_sleep_when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。 ◎ 单元主题佳句背诵——大自然的力量1．It is reported that a terrible hurricane struck the village.据报道，一场可怕的飓风袭击了那个村庄。2．Sometimes a smile is so powerful that it gives people suffering from disasters great courage.有时微笑是如此的强大，它给灾民巨大的勇气。3．Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only leads to serious problems such as global warming but also threatens to end human life on our planet.环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。4．Having realized the importance of protecting the environment，people all over the country are taking measures to reduce the pollution.已经意识到保护环境的重要性，全国人民正采取措施减少污染。
make one's way前往；成功
——用way短语填空
①As long as you work hard，you can make_your_way in life.
②It was so foggy that we had to feel_our_way home.
③A stream is winding_its_way through the valley into the river.
——微写作
④他们在森林中迷路了，使情况更糟糕的是夜幕开始降临。
They lost_their_way_in_the_forest and what made matters worse was that night began to fall.
fight one's way　奋力前进
lose one's way 迷路
feel one's way 摸索前进
push one's way 挤出来
wind one's way 蜿蜒前
　With the development of science and technology，cars and computers have made their way into millions of homes.
随着科技的发展，汽车和电脑已经进入了寻常百姓家。
vary from...to...由……到……不等
——单句语法填空
①As in China，the climate in Canada varies with the area.
②In my free time，I'll continue to take regular exercise，such as swimming，running and various(vary)ball games.
——句式升级
③I like reading very much，especially the story books.They vary from Chinese stories to English stories.
→I like reading very much，especially the story books varying_from_Chinese_stories_to_
English_stories．(分词作定语)
(1)vary in...　在……(大小、形状等)上不同
vary with/by 随……变化/改变
(2)various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的
(3)variety n. 种种；多样化
a variety of/varieties of 种种；各种各样
　We join in a variety of/varieties of/various activities in our new gymnasium，which brings us lots of pleasure.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
在新体育馆里，我们参加各种各样的活动，这给我们带来很多快乐。
(教材P35) The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，但我是第一次经历这样的事，所以我留在山顶上观察他们。
——单句语法填空
①The plan successfully carried(carry)out，everything worked out perfectly.
②So much work to_do(do)，we have no time to play.
③The guide leading(lead)the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
——句型转换
④If all things are considered，her suggestion is of greater value than yours.
→All_things_considered，her suggestion is of greater value than yours.(独立主格结构)
独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。独立主格结构的常用形式：
(1)逻辑主语＋现在分词；
(2)逻辑主语＋过去分词；
(3)逻辑主语＋动词不定式；
(4)逻辑主语＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语
　We have three large multi media classrooms in our school，each equipped with the newest computers.
我们学校有三个大的多媒体教室，每一间都配备了最新的电脑。
句型公式：It is said that...“据说……”，相当于People say that...
(教材P39) It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。
——单句语法填空/补全句子
①He is thought to_have_acted(act)foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)It_is_hoped_that(人们希望)these suggestions would be of great help to you.
——一句多译
人们相信音乐节不仅有意义而且有趣。(2019·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
③It_is_believed_that the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.
④People_believe_that the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.
(1)　据说某人/物……
不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。
(2)It is thought that... 人们认为……
It is believed that... 人们相信……
It is hoped that... 人们希望……
It is reported that... 据报道…
　It is reported that many a new house is being built at present in the disaster area.
据报道，灾区如今正在建设许多新房。
短语句式二维练　——多维度·练技能
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．Such an able man to_help(help)you，you will surely succeed sooner or later.
2．He is said to_have_visited(visit)the artist and learned a lot from him.
3．I was about to_hand(hand)in the paper when I found another mistake.
4．Though it rained cats and dogs，we still made our way to the village in the mountain.
5．This being(be)your first speech in public，it is natural that you feel nervous.
1．警察赶到现场，却被告知受损的汽车已经被带走。
The police hurried to the spot，only_to_be_told the damaged car had been taken away.
2．广州气候温暖湿润，珠江从市中心蜿蜒穿过。
With the Pearl River winding_its_way_through_the_city，Guangzhou enjoys a warm and wet climate.
3．The music festival to be held by our school is full of wonderful programs such as some traditional Chinese dances and songs.
→The_music_festival_to_be_held_by_our_school_is_full_of_wonderful_programs，some traditional Chinese dances and songs included.(用独立主格结构改写)
4．Hopefully，you could make it to this wonderful event.
→It_is_hoped_that you could make it to this wonderful event.
维度1　生词生义
1．(2020·江苏卷阅读C)Then they compared the samples.There were considerable differences.n.样品
2．(2020·天津卷阅读A)Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce(商会)and government agencies，and they will offer printing，faxing and database services you need.n.数据库，资料库
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ七选五)More than that，how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal？First，you need to evaluate yourself，your values，your strengths，your weaknesses，your achievements，your desires，etc.vt.评估
维度2　熟词生义
1．(2020·江苏卷阅读D)We all spoke the same language of passes and shots.n.投篮
2．(2019·浙江卷阅读C)McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.vt.纪录，记载
3．(2017·北京卷)Every animal sleeps，but the reason for this has remained foggy.adj.不清楚
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假设你是李华，你的朋友Jenny要到吉林游玩，请你给她推荐景点，请按要求回信。
①推荐长白山；②介绍长白山特色；③表达祝愿。
Dear Jenny，
Delighted to hear you are coming to visit Jilin，I'd like to recommend Changbaishan to you.
It is well known that Changbaishan is 1.not_only_a_famous_tourist_attraction_but_also_
China's_largest_nature_reserve(不仅是著名的旅游景点，也是中国最大的自然保护区).The height of the land 2.varies_from_700_meters_above_sea_level_to_over_2，000_meters(从海拔700米到2000多米不等).In addition，it 3.is_home_to_a_great_diversity_of_rare_plants_and_animals(是各种稀有动植物的家园).Coming here，you can either walk in the mountains or bathe in the hot water pools.Actually，the attraction which is highly appreciated in the reserve is Tianchi.
4.I_guarantee_you_will_have_a_wonderful_time_visiting_Changbaishan(我保证你在长白山一定会玩得很开心).
Yours，
Li Hua
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