人教版（新课程标准）必修4 高考英语一轮复习Unit1-5学案（5份打包）

Unit 1　Women of achievement
重点单词
分类识记单词　——
核心单词 记全记牢 用准用活
1.campaign n.　　运动；战役vi. 作战；参加运动2．worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得3．childhood n. 童年；幼年时代4．respect vt.& n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意5．crowd n. 人群；观众vt. 挤满；使拥挤6．audience n. 观众；听众；读者7．generation n. 一代；一辈8．deliver vt. 递送；生(小孩儿)；接生； 发表(演说等)9．emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况10．rate n. 比率；速度 ◎ 品句填词1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I learned Chinese painting for more than ten years in my childhood(童年).2．A number of environmental protection organizations have launched a campaign(运动)to reduce air pollution all over the nation.3．Tom，the top student of our class，thinks studying is a very worthwhile(值得做的)work.4．I appreciate some traditional Chinese values，such as respecting(respect)the elderly and taking care of young children.5．On the National Day，the streets are crowded(crowd)with a large number of people.
拓展单词 1.inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示→inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞2．intend vt.打算；计划→intention n．目的；意图3．behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现→behaviour n．行为；举止；习性4．observe vt.观察；观测；遵守→observation n．观察；观测5．argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论→argument n．争论；争辩；争吵6．entertainment n．款待；娱乐；娱乐表演→entertain vt.款待；使快乐7．refer vi.谈到；查阅；参考→reference n．参考；参照；涉及8．considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider v．考虑；认为→consideration n．考虑；体谅→considering prep.考虑到9．achievement n．成就；功绩→achieve vt.完成；达到10．connection n．连接；关系→connect vt.连接11．organization n．组织；机构→organize vt.组织12．sickness n．疾病；恶心→sick adj.生病的13．support n．& vt.支持，拥护→supporter n．支持者14．kindness n．仁慈；好意→kind adj.仁慈的 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·江苏卷)If you see humor as an optional form of entertainment(entertain)，you're missing some of its biggest benefits.2．Over the years，I have lost touch with the Kings，but I will never forget their kindness(kind).3．The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behaviour in front of others.(behave)4．There was a heated argument about whether he was suitable for the position，and most of the people argued for him.(argue)5．I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your dream of being admitted to a key university，which will give you a wonderful sense of achievement．(achieve)6．The rich man went abroad with the intention of trying his fortune，while the poor man intended to learn some skills of earning money.(intend)7．Listening to his inspiring speech，we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration．(inspire)8．Supported by a great many supporters，he hold the firm belief that he is bound to achieve his dream as long as he doesn't lose heart.(support)
阅读单词 1.welfare n.　　福利；福利事业2．project n. 项目；工程3．institute n. 学会；学院；协会4．specialist n. 专家；专业工作者 5.shade n.　　　　荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线 6．bond n. 联系；关系；纽带7．nest n. 巢；窝8．outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚 9.career n.　　事业；生涯10．modest adj. 谦虚的；谦让的11．determination n. 决心；果断12．chimp n. 黑猩猩
单元主题语块背诵　——
1．serve the people heart and soul　 全心全意为人民服务
2．share sorrows as well as happiness with sb.
与某人同甘共苦
3．lead a happy life 过着幸福的生活
4．be enthusiastic about... 对……热心
5．set a good example to us 给我们树立了好的榜样
6．have a gift/talent for 对……有天赋
7．go abroad for further study 留学深造
8．make great contributions to 对……做出巨大贡献
9．devote oneself to education 献身于教育
10．a man of noble mind 一个思想高尚的人
11．be well educated 受到良好的教育
12．go through great hardships and sufferings
历经千辛万苦
behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现
——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)After a while，she apologized for the way she behaved(behave)at the beginning.
②Believe it or not，parents' behaviour(behave)can have a great influence on children's growth.
——微写作
③就我个人而言，我们大家都应该注意公共场所的举止。(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
As far as I'm concerned，all of us should mind our behaviour in public places．
(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对待某人好/差
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
(2)behavio(u)r n. 举止；行
　As far as I'm concerned，students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.
就我个人而言，应当鼓励学生养成良好的习惯，行为更加规矩。
observe vt.观察；注意到；观测；遵守；庆祝
——写出下列句中observe的含义
①Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守
②It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.庆祝
③(2019·天津卷)We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.观察
④You can observe us students take part in various activities at the stadium.注意到
(1)observe sb.do sth.　　　 观察某人做某事
observe sb.doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事
observe that... 观察……
(2)observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则
observe Christmas 庆祝圣诞
　On the top of Mountain Tai，people excitedly observed the sun rising from the sea.
在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地观看太阳从海上升起。
　observe sb.do sth.的被动语态形式：sb.be observed to do sth.。
respect vt.尊敬；尊重 n．细节；方面；敬意；问候
——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词汇的含义
①Secondly，we should show our respect for our parents and do what we can to help them.
② (2020·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)As to the play，our weakness lies in such respects as roles' facial expressions，logical stress of dialogue and stage set.n.方面
——微写作
③在中国，尊敬我们的老师是一种美德和传统，他们无私地帮助我们获得了很多知识。
In China，it is a virtue and tradition to respect our teachers，who unselfishly help us to gain much knowledge.
(1)respect sb. for sth.　　　　 因某事而尊重某人
(2)have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人
out of respect for... 出于对……的尊敬
(3)respectful adj. 表示敬意的；尊敬的
respectable adj. 可敬的；体面
　Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice，out of respect for farmers' labor.出于对农民劳动的尊重，中国的孩子们从小就被警告不要浪费一粒米。
　respect表示“敬意；问候”时，多用复数形式。
argue vi.& vt.争论；辩论；讨论；证明
——猜测加黑词的含义/单句语法填空
①(2017·浙江卷)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.主张，论证
②(2019·天津卷)I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument(argue).
——一句多译
我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳的。
③We tried many ways to argue him into following our advice，but in vain.(argue)
④We tried many ways to persuade him to follow our advice，but in vain.(persuade)
⑤We tried many ways to talk him into following our advice，but in vain.(talk)
(1)argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论某事
argue for/against sth. 据理力争/反对某事
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
(2)argument n. 论证；论据；争吵
beyond argument 无可争
　It's no use arguing with him about the question for he won't change his mind.
和他争论这个问题没有用，他不会改变主意的。
　“说服某人做某事”的表达形式：
(1)persuade sb.to do sth.
(2)persuade sb.into doing sth.
(3)convince sb.to do sth.
(4)talk sb.into doing sth.
support vt.& n．支持；拥护；赡养；养活
——单句语法填空/补全句子
①Supported(support)by the government，the research eventually turned out to be a great success.
②(2020·新高考山东卷)Therefore，this little boy could support his family(养活家人)because of John's bright idea.
——微写作
③只有少数人支持他的计划，这使他很失望。
Only a few people spoke in support of his plan，which made him very disappointed.
(1)support/feed a family　　　 赡养家庭
support oneself 自力更生
(2)in support of 支持
(3)supporter n. 支持
　A true friend is someone who accepts your past，supports your present and encourages your future.
真正的朋友会接受你的过去，力挺你的现在，鼓舞你的将来。
intend vt.计划；打算
——单句语法填空
①I，as well as my friends，had intended(intend)to have a trip after graduation，but we ended up finding a job first.
②I have recently taken part in Happy Run，a sports event intended(intend)to get more people involved in running.
③(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Using emojis(表情符号)can add humor and feeling，keeping intention(intend)clear.
——微写作
④这所大学以其面向国际学生的语言和文化课程而闻名。(2018·北京卷书面表达)
The university is known for its language and culture courses (which is)intended for international students．
(1)intend doing/to do sth.　　 打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth. 本来打算做某事
(2)be intended to do sth./for sth. 专门为……；专门给……
(3)with an/the intention of 抱有……的目的；打算……
　To improve our English and get more students interested in English，I intend to organize some activities.
为了提高我们的英语水平，让更多的学生对英语感兴趣，我打算组织一些活动。
　“目的是……”短语表达
with the aim /intention/purpose of
单词三维练　——
用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换
1．(2020·浙江卷7月)It is not my intention(intend)to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection.
2．(2020·江苏卷)Local organizations(organize)can adopt them for 1 pound，and install defibrillators to help in emergencies.
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements(achieve).
4．Computers have replaced televisions as the most popular form of entertainment(entertain).
5．She had a heated argument(argue)with the wealthy man who was slightly impolite.
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化
1．(2020·新高考山东卷)With Mrs.Meredith's supporting(support)，John is easy to support his family.
2．(2018·天津卷)The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired(inspire)scientists to explore the outer space.
3．On the National Day，the streets are crowded(crowd)with a large number of people.
4．(2020·新课标山东卷)A few days later，the machine was delivered(deliver)to Mrs.Meredith's doorstep.
在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．He managed to confirm that it was worthwhile to start/starting(start)a campaign to protect our environment.
2．It was at dawn that Bruce was observed to leave(leave)the building and take a taxi away.
3．He is such a great man that all of us show respect for him.
短语和句式
语境记忆短语　——
记全记牢 用准用活
1.fight for 　　　　　　为……而奋斗2．move off 离开；起程；出发3．lead a．..life 过着……的生活4．crowd in (想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海5．look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起6．refer to 查阅；参考；谈到7．by chance 碰巧；凑巧8．come across (偶然)遇见；碰见9．be intended for 专为……而设计；专供……而用10．carry on 继续；坚持 ◎ 选用左栏短语填空1．After the quarrel with one of her colleagues，Alice carried on working as if nothing had happened.2．While I looked at those photos taken in high school，happy memories crowded in on me.3．The car stood at the traffic lights for a few moments，and then moved off．4．They all know success doesn't happen by chance．Only through hard work can we manage to achieve our dream.5．Whenever he comes across something meaningful during travelling，he writes it down in his notebook.
仿写用活句式　——
◎ 单元句式会写1．句式：only＋状语位于句首时的部分倒装教材：Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。2．句式：once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦”教材：Once I stop，it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。3．句式：“It hits/hit sb.＋从句”表示“某人突然想起……”教材：Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。4．句式：It is/was...that/who...强调句教材：Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。 ◎ 单元主题佳句背诵——对社会有突出贡献的人物1．Once she was determined to study science，she carried out in spite of various difficulties.她一旦下定决心要学习科学，就不顾重重困难继续下去。2．It hits me that what moves me most is that she is always helpful when others come across difficulties.我忽然想到最让我感动的是，当别人遇到困难时，她总是乐于助人。3．Florence Nightingale was one of the greatest women in history.She was a pioneer in the field of nursing.弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔是历史上最伟大的女性之一。她是护理行业的开拓者。4．It was thanks to their hard work that many wounded soldiers survived.幸亏他们的努力工作，许多受伤的战士幸存下来。5．Only lately have I seen the professor on campus.只是最近我才在校园里见到这位教授。
look down upon/on蔑视；轻视；瞧不起
——用look的相关短语填空
①In our daily life，we shouldn't look down upon the disabled，on the contrary，we should give them a hand.
②I like to look back on my high school days，which were the happiest in my life.
③The reason why I look up to the artist is that his works are inspiring.
——微写作
④同时，我期待着尽快收到你的回信。(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
Meanwhile，I am looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible．
look up to　　　　　 尊敬；仰视
look forward to 盼望；期待
look into 调查；观察；窥视
look up 抬头看；查阅
look back on 回
　With the development of science and technology，China has become a powerful country.The days are gone when Chinese people were looked down upon.
随着科学技术的发展，中国已经成为一个强大的国家。中国人被人瞧不起的日子已经一去不复返了。
refer to提及；谈到；参考；查阅；把……提交给……；把……称作……
——写出下列句中refer to的含义
①For more information，you can refer to Chong Qing Daily's official website.查阅/参考
②We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及
③People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”．把……称作……
④As the situation was unusual，he referred the matter to the editor.把……提交给……
(1)refer to...as...　　　　　 把……称作……
refer...to... 把……提交给……
(2)reference n. 提及；参考；查阅
reference book 参考书；工具
　The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books while the magazines serve as reading materials.
课本和词典可以用作参考书籍然而杂志当作阅读材料。
　refer的过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为：referred，referred，referring。
carry on继续；坚持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)
——单句语法填空
①You'll have an accident if you carry on driving(drive)like that.
②First of all，the most significant thing is to set a goal，work out a plan and carry out your plan step by step.
——词汇升级
③If you continue working like that，you will break down sooner or later.
→If you carry on working like that，you will break down sooner or later.(升级加黑词汇)
（2）carry out实行；执行；进行；履行（诺言、义务等
　I hate it when she calls me at work－I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.(2016·天津卷)
我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。
句型公式：once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”
(教材P2) Once I stop，it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
——单句语法填空/补全句子
①(2020·天津卷)Once the book you've requested is delivered to the nearest branch，they will inform(inform)you by e mail，so you can pick it up.
②You will be successful in the interview once you have confidence(一旦你有自信心).
——句式升级
③Once it is lost，the good chance may never come again.
→Once lost，the good chance may never come again.(省略)
(1)once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。
(2)若once 引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式，可省略从句中的主语和be动词
　Once you have a good command of English，you will have an advantage over others when you hunt for a job.
一旦你精通了英语，在找工作时你就比其他人有优势。
句型公式：“It hit/hits sb.＋从句”表示“某人突然想起……”
(教材P6) Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。
——补全句子/单句语法填空
①It hit me that(我忽然想到)I'd like to share with you one of the wonderful moments in the English Corner.
②It occurs to me that I can turn to my sister for help because she is good at repairing the computer.
——一句多译
我忽然意识到传统文化，比如茶文化，有着巨大的魅力和价值。
③It hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.
④It struck me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.
⑤ It occurred to me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.
(1)It hit/hits sb.＋从句 　　　　　 某人突然想起……
(2)It occurs/occurred to sb.that... 某人突然想到……
(3)It strikes/struck sb.that... 某人突然想到…
　Suddenly it hit her how difficult it was for her father to raise eight children by himself.
她突然想到她父亲一个人抚养八个孩子是多么困难。
　类似的结构还有：
It happens/happened that...碰巧……
It happens that he told me not to depend on fortune，but on conduct.
碰巧他告诉我不要依赖运气，要靠自己的行动。
短语句式二维练　——
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)As a matter of fact，paper cutting is easy to learn once you master the methods.
2．(2017·天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
3．Suddenly it hit me that I should have walked him to the station in case he lost his way.
4．When you make a speech，you'd better prepare for it well in advance and not refer to your notes too often.
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.She is determined to carry on with her education.
1．事实上，他的粗心以及懒惰导致了他的失败。
①As a matter of fact，his carelessness as well as laziness led to his failure．
②As a matter of fact，it was his carelessness as well as laziness that led to his failure.(强调句)
2．就我看来，只有通过努力学习你才能在学习上取得进步。
①As far as I'm concerned，only by studying hard will you make progress in your study.(倒装句)
②As far as I'm concerned，it is only by studying hard that you will make progress in your study.(强调句)
3．在去博物馆的路上，我碰巧遇到了我的一个老师。
①On my way to the museum，I came across one of my teachers.
②On my way to the museum，I met one of my teachers by chance．
4．晚饭结束了，经理们回到会议室继续他们的讨论。
①With the supper over，the managers went back to the meeting room to go on with their discussion．(go)
②With the supper over，the managers went back to the meeting room to carry on with their discussion．(carry)
维度1　生词生义
1．(2020·天津卷)You should remain modest when approaching perfection.adj.谦虚的；谦让的
2．(2019·浙江卷七选五)They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England.They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说).adv.相当地
3．(2019·江苏卷阅读C)Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies，both at the national and the international levels，and for making the right career choices at the individual level.n.事业，生涯
维度2　熟词生义
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.vt.培养一种特殊的关系
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I count twelve shades of green from where I stand.n.浓淡深浅；色度
3．(2017·浙江卷)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.vt.主张
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征稿，题目是“The Most Impressive Woman in My Life”，请你写一篇稿件，投给校英文报。内容包括：
①这位女士的特点；②这位女士给你的影响。
The Most Impressive Woman in My Life
When it comes to the most impressive woman in my life，1.it hits me that(我忽然想起)my English teacher Miss Zhao is the most impressive one.
As a teacher，she has devoted her whole life to teaching.Besides，she has written many articles，2.some of which are intended for students poor in English(其中一些是为英语差的学生准备的).Most importantly，it is 3.the kindness and consideration she shows to all students that make her highly respected(正是她对所有学生的善良和体贴使她倍受尊敬).With her inspiration and help，I have 4.behaved well and achieved much(表现良好，成绩斐然).
It is beyond argument that Miss Zhao is the one who impresses me most and wins my respect.
[友情提示]　每道习题都是一个高考点，每项训练都是对能力的检验，认真对待它们吧！进入“高考提能练(十六)”，去收获希望，体验成功！本栏目内容以活页形式分册装订！
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16Unit 2　Working the land
重点单词
分类识记单词　——
核心单词 记全记牢 用准用活
1.decade n.　　　　十年；十年期2．crop n. 庄稼；农作物；产量3．root n. 根；根源4．regret n. 遗憾；懊悔vt. 遗憾；惋惜5．comment n. 评论；议论vi.& vt. 表达意见；作出评论6．focus n. 焦点；中心点vt. 集中；聚焦7．therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而8．reduce vt. 减少；减缩9．struggle vi.& n. 斗争；拼搏；努力10．expand vt.& vi. 使变大；伸展11．soil n. 土壤12．battle n. 战斗，战役 ◎ 品句填词1．(2020·浙江卷7月) Therefore(因此)，I am writing to you to show my concern for your health.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)On behalf of all our team members，I am writing to invite you to join us in the battle(战斗，战役)!3．Thanks to their support and help，we were not so badly off during the past decade(十年).4．(2020·新高考山东卷)Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing(focus)on your listeners.5．Miss Li went through my composition and made some useful comments(comment)about it.6．Expanding(expand)your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.
拓展单词 1.hunger n．饥饿；欲望 vt.& vi.(使)饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的；渴望得到的2．equip vt.& vi.配备；装备→equipment n．设备(不可数)3．export vt.& vi.输出；出口→import(反义词)vt.& vi.输入；进口4．confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难→confusing adj.令人迷惑的→confused adj.感到迷惑的→confusion n．迷惑5．discovery n．发现；发觉→discover vt.发现；发觉6．nationality n．国籍→nation n．国家；民族→national adj.民族的7．personality n．性格；人格→personal adj.个人的→personally adv.亲自地；就自己而言8．freedom n．自由；自主→free adj.自由的9．disturb v．打扰；妨碍；使不安→disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→disturbed adj.烦恼的；不安的 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·天津卷)After everyone concerned were seated，there was a ceremony of raising the national(nation)flag，which made us excited.2．(2020·新高考山东卷)When he was 16，Molai began to notice something disturbing(disturb)happening around his home.3．Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)4．He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)5．The discoverer of electricity was Franklin；like many discoveries，it benefits us greatly.(discover)6．Women have gained the freedom to decide whether to marry or not，and they are free to choose their jobs at present.(free)7．Owing to the great hunger，a great number of hungry children died.(hungry)
阅读单词 1.statistic n　　　数据；统计；统计数字 2．sunburnt adj. 晒黑的3．super adj. 特级的；超级的4．output n. 产量；输出5．circulate vt.&vi. 循环；流传6．occupation n. 工作；职业；占领 7.organic adj.　有机的；器官的；组织的8．industrial adj. 工业的；产业的9．fertilizer n. 肥料；化肥10．bacteria n. (bacterium的复数形式)细菌 11．summary n. 总结；摘要；概要12．grain n. 谷物；粮食；颗粒 13.mineral n.　矿物；矿石14．skim vt. 浏览；略读15．underline vt. 画底线标出；强调 16．nutrition n. 营养；滋养；食物17．pest n. 害虫；害兽；害鸟18．producer n. 生产者，制片人
单元主题语块背诵　——
1．organic farming　　　　 　 有机农业
2．set a new record 创立一个新的记录
3．avoid damaging the environment or people's health
避免破坏环境或损害人们健康
4．become the first agricultural pioneer in the world
成为世界上第一位农业先驱
5．build up a new farming method
开发新的耕作方法
6．free from bacteria and pests 免受细菌和害虫的伤害
7．go against nature 违背大自然
8．one of China's most famous scientists
中国最著名的科学家之一
9．in harmony with nature 与自然和谐相处
10．agricultural resources 农业资源
11．pollution free vegetables 无公害蔬菜
struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎
——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义
①At present，China has to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
②(2019·天津卷)Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.n.斗争，拼搏
——微写作
③在短片中，你可以了解到我校一直在为更美好的未来而努力。(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
In the short film，you can learn that my school has been struggling for a better future．
struggle for...　　　　　 为……而斗争
struggle with/against... 同……搏斗；与……作斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事，挣扎着做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起
　Some farmers would like to leave their hometown and go to work in cities，struggling to provide better education for their children.
一些农民离开家乡到城市工作，努力为他们的孩子提供更好的教育。
equip vt.& vi.装备；配备
——单句语法填空
①We want our son to have a good education that will equip him for future life.
②It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak(speak).
③(2019·江苏卷)This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment(equip)and internet facilities.
——句式升级
④He is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is well respected by all his students.
→Equipped with much experience in teaching，he is well respected by all his students.(过去分词作状语)
→Equipping himself with much experience in teaching，he is well respected by all his students.(现在分词作状语)
(1)equip...with...　　　　 用……装备……
be equipped with 装备着……
equip...for sth. 为了……而装备
(2)equipment n. 装备；设备(不可数名词)
a piece of equipment 一件设
　As our new stadium is equipped with advanced facilities，we have organized a variety of events in it.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
因为新体育馆装备先进的设施，我们已在体育场举办了各种各样的赛事。
　
(1)短语be equipped with常用过去分词作状语。
(2)equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式。
confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆
——单句语法填空
①There was a confused look on his face when he met with a confusing problem.(confuse)
②I always confuse John with his brother；they are so much alike.
——微写作
③我对中国的餐桌礼仪非常困惑，如果你给我一些在晚宴上如何行为得体的建议我将感激不尽。
I am quite confused by Chinese table manners．I'd appreciate it if you can give me some tips on how to behave properly at a dinner party.
(1)confuse...with/and...　　 混淆；辨别不清
be confused by 被……弄混；糊涂
(2)confused adj. 困惑的；烦恼的
confusing adj. 令人费解的；使人困惑的
(3)confusion n. 困
　For example，there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from.(2018·江苏卷书面表达)
例如，有大量的参考书，我经常会对选择感到困惑。
regret v．可惜；后悔；遗憾；惋惜 n．遗憾；懊悔
——单句语法填空
①It is with great regret that I say goodbye to you，but I never regret spending(spend)such a good time with you.
②We regret to inform(inform)you that your application has not been successful.
——一句多译
很遗憾地告诉你，我不能在约定的时间陪你去北京了。
③I regret to tell you that I can't accompany you to Beijing at the appointed time.(regret vt.)
④Much to my regret/To my great regret，I can't accompany you to Beijing at the appointed time.(regret n．)
(1)regret　　 后悔做了某事
regret to say/tell/inform...that... 遗憾地说/告知……
(2)with great regret 非常遗憾
to one's regret 令某人抱歉/遗憾的
　After he considered the problem more carefully，he regretted having made such a hasty decision.
仔细地考虑了这个问题之后，他后悔做出了这样一个仓促的决定。
focus vt.集中；聚集 n．焦点；中心点
——单句语法填空
①To lead a happy life in the future，you should focus more on/upon your career while you are young.
②With his attention focused(focus)on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him.
③With so many people focusing(focus)their eyes on him，he felt very nervous.
——微写作
④一些家长更注重孩子的学习成绩，而忽视了生存技能的教育。
Some parents focus more on children's academic performances，ignoring the education of survival skills.
(1)focus on...　　　　 集中于……
focus one's attention/eyes/energy on... 集中注意力/目光/精力于……
(2)the focus of attention/concern 注意力/关注的焦
　It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their parents.这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。
　表示“集中注意力……”的短语：
concentrate one's attention on；pay attention to；focus on
reduce vt.减少；减缩
——单句语法填空
①The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to reduce(reduce)air pollution.
②With great effort，she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 7 days.
③It was foggy so the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.
——微写作
④减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。
One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.
reduce...by... 把……减少了……
reduce...to... 把……减少到……；把……变为某种状态
be reduced to 陷入某种境地(to为介词
　It turns out that looking at green can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
结果表明看绿色可以减少压力，降低血压，使人们的心情好。
　reduce→decrease(同义词)；
reduce→increase，rise(反义词)
单词三维练　——
用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)That freedom(free)to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.
2．Jane kept moving，but the farther she walked，the more confused(confuse)she became.
3．All applicants will be considered regardless of age，sex，religion or nationality(nation).
4．Fishermen with sunburnt(sunburn)faces sat on the beach，observing the rising sun.
5．(2020·天津卷)He has recently made a significant discovery(discover)—loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化
1．(2019·北京卷)Success means getting personal desires satisfied(satisfy).
2．I try to have a positive mindset and keep my mind focused(focus)on what I have to do.
3．In the last decade，the project has expanded(expand)its welfare to support 12，000 poor students.
4．Equipped(equip)with new scientific farming methods，farmers have been able to use less farmland to produce more.
在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．Having struggled to find(find)a job for months，Mary finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
2．(2019·江苏卷)After hearing Steve's playing，Naomi regretted offering(offer)help to her friend.
3．The teacher often makes comments on/about how different the two boys are.
4．Believe it or not，the rich man should be reduced to begging(beg)for a living.
短语和句式
语境记忆短语　——
记全记牢 用准用活
1.thanks to 　　　　　幸亏；由于；因为2．rid...of 摆脱；除去3．be satisfied with 对……感到满意4．would rather 宁愿；宁可5．build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发6．lead to 导致；造成(后果)7．focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于8．be rich in 盛产；富于9．keep...free from/of 使……不含(有害物)10．with the hope of 抱有……希望 ◎ 选用左栏短语填空1．Thanks to all the classmates' efforts and teachers' help，we lived the life to the fullest，without regrets left.2．Once you form a bad learning habit，it will be not easy for you to rid yourself of it.3．Taking exercise helps us build up our body and keep a clear mind.4．People from all walks of life should build a society where they keep their children free from violence.5．He learned later that it was his carelessness that led to his failure in the exam.
仿写用活句式　——
◎ 单元句式会写1．句式：if so状语从句的省略形式教材：If so，what did you do to grow them 如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？2．句式：the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth.教材：In 1973，he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。3．句式：what is called...“所谓的……”，what引导宾语从句教材：Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平种植所谓的超级水稻。4．句式：would rather(not)do sth.宁愿(不)做某事教材：He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。 ◎ 单元主题佳句背诵——自然科学研究成果1．The Longji Rice Terraces were created by the local Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups，making it possible for farmers to increase crop output.龙脊梯田是由当地的壮族和瑶族创建的，使农民有可能增加作物产量。2．The farmers in the area were the first to make terraces where they could grow rice.这个地区的农民是第一批建造梯田种植水稻的。3．China is one of the oldest agricultural countries in the world to practice intensive farming.中国是世界上进行精耕细作的最古老的农业国家之一。4．Rice is mainly grown in southern China while wheat and corn are mainly grown in northern China.中国南方以种植水稻为主而北方以种植小麦和玉米为主。
build up逐渐增强；建立；开发；增强……的体质；积累；创办
——写出下列句中build up的含义
①To learn a language well you must build up a useful vocabulary.积累
②Their achievements have built up my confidence gradually in my career.逐渐增强
③You ought to take more sports after school so as to build up your strength.增强……的体质
④Therefore，let's take the responsibility to build up a low carbon city by riding bicycles.建立；创办
pick up　　 捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；搭载
take up 拿起；开始；从事；占据
make up 虚构；弥补；组成
break up 关系破裂；分手；放
　Taking an active part in sports and outdoor activities are really helpful to build up our body and enrich our school life.
积极参加体育和户外活动确实有助于强身健体和丰富我们的学校生活。
lead to导致；造成(后果)；通向……
——单句语法填空
①The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's being caught(catch).
②In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practice(practice)speaking English in an interesting way.
——一句多译
众所周知，成功在于努力，然而懒惰导致失败。
③As we all know，success lies in hard work while laziness leads to failure．(lead)
④It is well known that success lies in hard work while laziness results in failure．(result)
⑤What is well known to us is that success lies in hard work while failure results from laziness．(result)
lead sb.to do...　　 使某人做……
lead sb.to... 带某人去……
lead the way 带路
lead sb.by the nose 牵着某人的鼻子走
lead/live a．..life 过着……的生
　As the old saying goes，“All roads lead to Rome.” 俗话说：“条条大路通罗马。”
　
(1)lead to中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或v. ing形式。
(2)表示“导致”的短语还有：result in，contribute to，bring about，account for等。
句型公式：if条件状语从句的省略形式
(教材P9) If so，what did you do to grow them？如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？
——用if的相关短语填空
①(2020·天津卷)Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library If so，you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better.
②If we can do that，we can keep up with the times.If not，we would always fall behind.
③If possible，I sincerely hope that you can come here in China to have a real experience about it.
——句式升级
④If it is convenient，let me know what time suits you best.
→If convenient，let me know what time suits you best.(省略句)
if so为条件状语从句的省略形式，意为“如果这样的话”。
if ever　　　 如果有过/发生过的话
if any 如果有的话
if possible 如果有可能的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if not 如果
　Would you like to join our school table tennis team？If so，please email me as soon as possible.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
你愿意加入我们校乒乓球队吗？如果愿意，请尽快给我发邮件。
句型公式：would rather do sth.“宁愿做……”
(教材P10) He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他更愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。
——单句语法填空
①I would rather stay(stay)at home at the weekend，reading some English novels.
②She would rather you came(come)tomorrow than today.
③I stayed at home last night，but I'd rather I had gone(go)to the theatre with my friends.
——句型转换
④Some people prefer to take the bus rather than drive a car to work so that they can live a low carbon life.
→To live a low carbon life，some people would rather take the bus than drive a car to work.(would rather)
→In order to live a low carbon life，some people would take the bus rather than drive a car to work.(rather than)
　Tony left without saying a word.I would rather I had not told him the truth.
托尼一句话也没说就走了。我宁愿我没有告诉他真相。
短语句式二维练　——
　
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Most importantly，the elderly are the first to taste(taste)the delicious food because they are well respected in China.
2．In the last decades，advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
3．We should study hard while we are young.If not，we will regret sooner or later.
4．We should take measures to improve what is called the quality of life.
5．What a pity! I'd rather I had followed(follow)my teacher's advice yesterday.
6．The increasing use of foreign words may lead to people forgetting(forget)the good qualities of traditional Chinese.
7．The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.
8．Nowadays everyone is responsible for building up a harmonious society in China.
1．我们更喜欢自己动手包美味的饺子而不是给老人们买一些。
We would rather make delicious dumplings with our own hands than buy some for the elderly.
2．众所周知，杨利伟是第一位进入太空的中国宇航员。
It's well known that Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut to go into space．
3．I'm Li Hua.I'm wondering if you are available at the weekend.If you are available，let's attend the music festival of our school.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
→I'm Li Hua.I'm wondering if you are available at the weekend.If so，let's attend the music festival of our school.(省略句)
4．很多人去了纽约，使之成为美国最大的城市。
①Many people moved to New York，which made it the largest city in the U．S.A.(定语从句)
②Many people moved to New York，making it the largest city in the U．S.A.(分词作状语)
维度1　生词生义
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)What is the author's statement about multigenerational family based on published statistics.n.统计数字；统计资料
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability，be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.n.评论
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)For the past two years，Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they think they're close to a solution.n.细菌
维度2　熟词生义
1．(2020·天津卷阅读C)For those who hunger for some peace and quiet，sound can now create silence.vi.渴望
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ完形)Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.vi.争夺
3．(2020·7月浙江卷完形)I've been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years.vt.饲养
4．(2019·江苏卷阅读D)Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code：lines，beats，intervals，moving from the root to end a song in a new key.n.开始
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
根据下列提示，写一篇介绍我国著名的水稻专家袁隆平的文章。
①袁隆平生于1930年，1953年大学毕业；②成功研发杂交水稻，在2017年研究海洋水稻；③你的感想。
Yuan Longping，known as China's “father of hybrid rice”，1.devotes his life to ridding the world of hunger(一生致力于消除世界上的饥饿).
He was born in 1930 and graduated from college in 1953，when hunger was a disturbing problem for many people in the countryside.Since then，he 2.has struggled to develop rice that has a high output(一直努力研发高产水稻)，which has helped farmers produce harvests twice as large as before.In 2017，his super rice set a new record and his research on sea rice proved to be a great success.Though Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life，he would 3.rather focus on his hobbies than care about being famous or money(宁愿专注于自己的爱好而不关心名利).
From him，I realize that struggling for our aims 4.can lead to success(可以通向成功).
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15Unit 3　A taste of English humour
重点单词
分类识记单词　——
核心单词 记全记牢 用准用活
1.content adj.&n.&vt.　满足的；满意的；满足； 使满足2．ordinary adj. 平常的；普通的3．throughout prep. 遍及；贯穿adv. 到处；始终；全部4．overcome vt.& vi. 战胜；克服5．outstanding adj. 突出的；杰出的；显著的6．worn adj. 用旧的；用坏的；破烂的7．occasion n. 时刻；场合8．homeless adj. 无家的；无家可归的9．whisper n．&vt.& vi. 耳语；低语；小声说10．mess n. 脏或乱的状态11．slide vt.& vi. (使)滑动；(使)滑行n. 滑；滑动；幻灯片12．particular adj. 特殊的；特别的 ◎ 品句填词1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The far side of the moon is of particular(特别的)interest to scientists.2．(2020·江苏卷)Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary(普通的)people.3．As far as I'm concerned，the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for such an occasion(场合).4．To make the company run well，we must overcome(克服)two difficulties—funds and technology.5．Anna was whispering(低语)to one of her classmates when the head teacher came in by the back door.6．As is known to us all，Chen Wei is an outstanding(杰出的)Chinese women scientist in the field of medicine.7．We can't go abroad this year，so we'll have to content(使满足)ourselves with a holiday in Shanghai.8．Elizabeth Fry helped to improve prison conditions and gave the homeless(home)work and education.
拓展单词 1.humour n．幽默；滑稽→humorous adj.幽默的2．performer n．表演者；演出者→perform v．执行；表演→performance n．执行；演出3．entertain vt.& vi.使欢乐；款待→entertainment n．娱乐→entertaining adj.愉快的；有趣的4．convince vt.使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.坚信不疑的5．direct vt.& vi.导演；指示；指挥 adj.直的；直接的；直率的→director n．导演→direction n．指导→directly adv.直接地；径直地6．amuse vt.使发笑；使愉快→amusing adj.好笑的；有趣的→amused adj.愉快的→amusement n．消遣；娱乐(活动)7．astonish vt.使惊诧→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶8．react vi.做出反应→reaction n．反应；回应9．fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地10．bored adj.厌烦的→boring adj.令人厌烦的11．brighten vt.使更愉快；使更有希望→bright adj.明亮的；聪明的 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·江苏卷)One humorous(humour)complaint makes a funny person.But too many complaints will bore your audience.2．(2020·天津卷)The President's eyes brightened(bright)at her show of spirit.3．Fortunately，when he went abroad to try his fortune，he gained great wealth.(fortune)4．The children in the mountain village have no entertainment，so their teachers often tell entertaining stories to entertain them after class.(entertain)5．The famous performer is said to have performed a humorous performance at yesterday's evening party，which has a deep impression on the audience.(perform)6．Although he failed many times，he didn't admit he was a failure．He would face the challenge bravely and tried to achieve his goal.(fail)7．She tried to convince me that I was mistaken.What she said was so convincing that I was completely convinced．(convince)8．To my astonishment，he didn't feel astonished at the astonishing news that his brother died at all.(astonish)
阅读单词 1.comedy n.　　　 喜剧2．moustache n. 小胡子3．leather n. 皮革4．chew vt.& vi. 嚼碎；咀嚼(食物)5．gesture n. 姿态；手势 vi. 做手势 6．mountainous adj. 多山的；山一般的 7.actress n.　　女演员8．pancake n. 烙饼；薄饼9．detective n. 侦探10．vast adj. 巨大的；辽阔的11．budget n. 预算；开支 12.porridge n.　　粥；麦片粥13．drunk adj. 醉的14．enjoyment n. 享受；欢乐；乐趣15．snowstorm n. 暴风雪16．costume n. 服装；戏装
单元主题语块背诵　——
1．has a gift for painting　　　 有绘画天赋
2．have a positive attitude towards/to life 对生活有积极的态度
3．inspire people with great confidence 激励人们有自信心
4．promote better communication and understanding
促进更好的沟通和理解
5．create a pleasant and friendly atmosphere
创造一种愉快而友好的气氛
6．call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事
7．become known throughout the world 全世界闻名
8．talk show 脱口秀节目
9．gain increasing popularity 越来越受欢迎
10．be popular with 受……的欢迎
11．roar with laughter 大笑，狂笑
12．have a great fancy for 对……感兴趣
content adj.满足的，满意的 n．满足，满意；所含之物，内容，含量 vt.使满足
——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义
①My parents are content to live(live)in the country，where the air is fresh and clean.
②I hold the firm belief that visitors will be pleased with thoughtful and excellent service.
③(2019·天津卷完形)How much time and money would it cost to replace the contents of that little wallet n.所容纳之物
——句式升级
④Those will surely make no difference in life.They content themselves with their present situations.
→Those who are content with their present situations will surely make no difference in life.(合并升级为定语从句；content adj.)
　He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed，so they could feel more content with their lives.
在人们感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对自己的生活感到比较满足。
　“对……满意”的常用短语小结：
(1)be content with　　　(2)be pleased with
(3)be satisfied with (4)be happy with
astonish vt.使惊诧
——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Lindsey's husband was totally astonished(astonish)by the unexpected visit.
②Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing(astonish)ways.
——句型转换
③To my astonishment，she didn't care about my feelings.
→She didn't care about my feelings，which astonished me．(定语从句)
→It was astonishing that she didn't care about my feelings.(it作形式主语)
→What astonished me was that she didn't care about my feelings.(what 引导的主语从句)
(1)It astonishes sb. that...　　　 令某人惊讶的是……
(2)astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的
It is astonishing that... ……令人感到惊讶
(3)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at 对……感到惊讶
(4)astonishment n. 惊讶
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的
　He was astonished to see how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years.
他惊讶地看到他的家乡在过去的十年里发生了多么大的变化。
　“使某人非常惊讶的是”表达荟萃：
much to one's surprise/amazement/astonishment
convince vt.使信服；使相信
——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)He says it's not easy to convince(convince)people that nutria(海狸鼠)fur is green，but he has no doubt about it.
②I'm afraid that I can't accept your argument，for you haven't offered enough convincing(convince)evidence.
——微写作
③所以我可以作为志愿者带领参观者参观画廊，我确信我能胜任这项工作。(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
So I can serve as a volunteer to guide the visitors round the gallery and I am convinced that I am qualified for the job．
(1)convince sb.of sth.　　　 使某人信服……
convince sb.to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convince sb.that... 使某人确信……
(2)convinced adj. 确信的，深信的
be convinced of/that... 确信……
(3)convincing adj. 有说服力的；令人信服
　The picture convinces me that it is even more important to be a good daughter than a good student.
这幅图画让我深信做一个好女儿甚至比做一个好学生更重要。
occasion n．时刻，场合，时机
——单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷) On the other occasion，they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
②It's helpful to put children in an occasion where they can see themselves differently.
——微写作
③依我看来，在这样的场合，校服比传统中式服装是更好的选择。(2019·江苏卷满分作文)
In my view，the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for such an occasion．
(1)on occasion(s)　　　　 偶尔，有时
a formal occasion 正式场合
(2)occasional adj. 偶尔的
occasionally adv. 偶
　Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
我很少有时间和孩子们待在一起。
　occasion引导定语从句时，如果表示时间，意为“时刻；机会”，关系副词用when；如果表示地点，意为“场合”，关系副词用where。
particular adj.特殊的；特别的；挑剔的 n．细节；细目
——单句语法填空
①He is a very open minded man，and won't be particular about these small things.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)In India，particularly(particular)outside cities，young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married.
——微写作
③据我所知，这种食物营养丰富，特别是含有大量的矿物质。
As far as I know，this kind of food is rich in nutrition，and it contains a lot of minerals in particular．
(1)be particular about/over sth.　　 对……讲究/挑剔
be particular to do sth. 特地做某事
(2)in particular＝particularly 尤其；特
　I am particularly good at spoken English and have a deep understanding of cultures of our city，which will greatly help me do the job.
我尤其擅长英语口语，并对我们城市的文化有深刻的了解，这对我的工作有很大的帮助。
　表示“尤其；特别”的副词还有：specially；especially等。
单词三维练　——
　
用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换
1．(2017·江苏卷)The quality of life has improved and watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainment(entertain).
2．(2018·浙江卷)Since his regular job was boring(bore)，I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline(副业)full time.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)This is quite important，because it is directly(direct)related to your commitment.
4．Having friends means that you will have someone to talk to so that you won't feel lonely and depressed(depress).
5．According to my own understanding，a good teacher is also a good performer(perform)in class.
6．(2017·江苏卷)A quick review of successes and failures(fail)at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering(whisper)support.
2．He went to bed drunk(drink)，and when he woke up he found he still had his shoes on.
3．It is for these reasons that I am firmly convinced(convince)that this rule will promote the learning atmosphere and our teamwork spirit.
4．Tom struggled to his feet and slid(slide)out of the room without anyone noticing him.
5．Thanks to his help and hard work all the financial problems have been overcome(overcome)up to now.
在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．It is confusing that the wealthy man thought of himself as a failure in terms of educating his son.
2．Your books and magazines are almost in a mess，so go and put them in order.
3．We were astonished to hear(hear)the news that she had been reduced to begging in the street.
4．The baby is sleeping.Therefore，I would rather you talked in a whisper.
短语和句式
语境记忆短语　——
记全记牢 用准用活
1.up to now 　　　　　　　直到现在2．feel/be content with 对……满足3．badly off 穷的；缺少的4．pick out 挑出；辨别出5．cut off 切断；断绝6．as if/as though 好像7．star in 担任主角；主演8．be particular about 对……挑剔9．break into 破门而入10．burst into/out 突然……(起来)11．be astonished at 对……吃惊12．in search of 寻找 ◎ 选用左栏短语填空1．In the past few years，the actress has starred in three films.2．Although our family was badly off at that time，my parents insisted that I should be educated.3．Anna was picked out to give a speech representing the whole class in the graduation ceremony.4．Having stayed in hospital for a week，he felt as if he was cut off from the outside world.5．When Mr Yang came in the morning，he found his office broken into by someone last night.6．Up to now，the dog has become a member of our family and everyone enjoys its company.
仿写用活句式　——
◎ 单元句式会写1．句式：as引导定语从句，代替后面句子的内容。教材：As Victor Hugo once said，“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”，and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.维克多·雨果曾经说过：“笑容如阳光，能驱走人们脸上的冬天。”关于这一点，直到今天也没有人能比查理·卓别林做得更好。2．句式：现在分词短语作结果状语教材：Unfortunately his father died，leaving the family even worse off．不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难。3．句式：as if引导方式状语从句教材：Then he picks out the lace of the shoe and eats it as if it were spaghetti.然后他挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。4．句式：by表示“到……为止”，句子常用完成时态教材：By his teens，Charlie had，through his humour，become one of the most popular child actors in England.查理在十多岁的时候，凭借着自己的幽默，已经在英国成为最受欢迎的童星之一。 ◎ 单元主题佳句背诵——人物传记1．As is known to us，he who laughs last didn't get the joke.众所周知，最后笑的人没有听懂笑话。2．The TV program is well received，making many viewers interested in it.这个电视节目很受欢迎，使许多观众对它感兴趣。3．The program really provides the audience with a platform where they can learn a fairly familiar poem in a unique way.这个节目给观众们提供了一个可以用独特的方式学习熟悉诗歌的平台。4．The actors make us laugh by making fun of somebody's way of dressing or telling an amusing story.演员们通过取笑某人的穿衣方式或讲一个可笑的故事使我们大笑。5．By her teens，Guan Xiaotong，a well known actress，had majored in a great many famous films.关晓彤，一位非常出名的演员，在她十几岁的时候已经主演了许多电影。
pick out挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解
——写出下列句中pick out的含义
①She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.挑出
②Although he had not seen his sister for twenty years，he picked her out as soon as she got off the plane.辨别出
③Having read the passage many times，I finally picked out its main idea.领会 ,pick up　　　　　　拾起；捡起；收拾；整理；(偶然)学会；用车接某人；收听到；身体好转
pick one's pocket 扒窃；掏
　I am wondering whether you can pick him up at the airport at your convenience.
我想知道你是否可以在方便的时候去机场接他。
cut off切断；断绝
——用cut短语填空
①(2020·天津卷)It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
②When you give a speech，you'd better cut out unimportant details.
③She was really cut up when all her friends refused to help her.
——微写作
④由于大雪，这个城镇与外界隔绝了。
The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
lead sb.to do...　　　　　　 使某人做……
cut in 插嘴；打断(谈话)
cut down 削减；删节；砍倒
cut out 删掉；剪除
cut up 切碎；伤心；难
　When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt cut off from the world.
当他们的孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老人就感觉与世隔绝了。
句型公式：as引导定语从句
(教材P18) As Victor Hugo once said，“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”，and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.维克多·雨果曾经说过：“笑容如阳光，能驱走人们脸上的冬天。”关于这一点，直到今天也没有人能比查理·卓别林做得更好。
——单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷)As is described in Paragraph 4，taking a small kid to a half hour Story Time allows the parent to enjoy quiet reading.
②As is always the case with language learning，Mandarin learning also calls for lots of practice.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors，which can help them know more about Chinese culture.
——微写作
④常言道：“良好的开端是成功的一半。”
As the saying goes，“A good beginning is half the battle.”,关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如”之意，常放于主语之前。
(2)as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常被the same，such，as，so等修饰。
(3)which引导非限制性定语从句，意为“这一点”，不可位于句首
　The air quality in the city，as is shown in the report，has improved over the past two months.
正如报道的一样，城市的空气质量在过去的两个月提高了。
句型公式：分词短语作结果状语
(教材P18) Unfortunately his father died，leaving the family even worse off.不幸的是他的父亲去世了，家庭状况更糟了。
——单句语法填空
①For the sake of convenience，people use plastic in their daily life，leaving(leave)large amount of waste.
②They reached the company out of breath，only to be told(tell)they were fired.
——句式升级
③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)First of all，I speak English fluently.It allows me to communicate with visitors without delay.
→First of all，I speak English fluently，allowing me to communicate with visitors without delay．(分词作状语),leaving the family even worse off为现在分词短语作结果状语。　
(1)现在分词作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果。
(2)不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果
　I believe the experience will also be beneficial to you，making your life as an exchange student more colourful and rewarding.我相信这段经历也会对你有益，使你的交换生生活更加丰富多彩。
短语句式二维练　——
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening，making(make)it one of the most popular events in gardening.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)There are so many famous artists present at this year's music festival that I'm writing to invite you to attend.
3．Although his family was badly off at that time，his parents managed to send him to the best high school.
4．By this time of next year，all of you will have become(become)college students.
5．Some people，on losing a job or a special relationship，may feel as if it were(be)the end of the world.
1．当我有压力和厌烦的时候，是音乐帮我度过了这些困难的日子。
When I am stressful and bored，it is music that helps me get through the tough days．
2．正像上面提到的，敬老院里的老人也需要温暖和关爱。
As is mentioned above，what elderly people in the nursing home also need is warmth and care.
3．他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们从来都没存在过似的。
They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed．
4．当今，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很普遍，这对我们的生活和环境造成严重的危害。
①These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing serious harm to our life and the environment．(分词作状语)
②These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，which causes serious harm to our life and the environment．(定语从句)
维度1　生词生义
1．(2020·天津卷阅读B)I've heard that you are a talented young woman，and I have found you charming and intelligent as well.adj.迷人的；有魅力的
2．(2020·江苏卷阅读D)In looking into the stories of biological discovery，I also began to find something else，a collection of scientists，usually brilliant，occasionally half mad，who made the discoveries.adv.偶尔
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ阅读A)Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross country train journey.n.喜剧
维度2　熟词生义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ阅读七选五)Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.Before asking questions about the course design，read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.n.内容
2．(2017·北京卷阅读A)For a sudden heart failure，the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.n.故障
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new，but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置)well after they go out of style.adj.过时的
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假设你是李华，你最喜欢的武侠小说家金庸先生去世，请你写篇短文介绍他，发表在校报上。内容如下：
①他创作的武侠小说无数，都已被改编成电视剧；②英文版《射雕英雄传》去年出版，外国友人迷上中国功夫。
1.It is astonishing that(令人吃惊的是)one of the most influential martial art novelists，Jin Yong，passed away because of illness.As is known，the martial art characters created by him have interested a great many readers.Generally speaking，once you read his novels，you will in particular fall in love with the wonderful martial art world.His novels tell of jianghu stories，which 2.are not only entertaining but also make us moved(不仅有趣，而且让我们感动).Up to now，all of his novels have been adapted into TV series，3.which many famous performers have starred in(许多著名演员曾在剧中担任主演).
The English edition of his novel The Legend of The Condor Heroes came out last year，4.making many foreigners content to learn Chinese Kungfu(使许多外国人满足于学习中国功夫).
[友情提示]　每道习题都是一个高考点，每项训练都是对能力的检验，认真对待它们吧！进入“高考提能练(十八)”，去收获希望，体验成功！本栏目内容以活页形式分册装订！
PAGE
15Unit 4　Body language
重点单词
分类识记单词　——
核心单词 记全记牢 用准用活
1.flight n.　　　　　　飞行；航班2．cheek n. 面颊3．dash vi. 猛冲；突进4．rank n. 等级；军衔5．represent vt. 代表；象征6．dormitory n. 宿舍7．canteen n. 食堂8．approach vt.& vi. 接近；靠近；走近n. 接近；方法；途径9．adult n. 成人；成年人adj. 成人的；成熟的10．likely adj. 可能的11．function n. 作用；功能；职能 vi. 起作用；运转12．ease n. 安逸；舒适vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑)13．hug vi.& vt. 拥抱14．simply adv. 简单地；只15．major adj. 主要的 ◎ 品句填词1．(2020·天津卷满分作文)From now on，I am a young adult(成年人)and I'm confident that the future is bright in front of me.2．As you know，smoking is one of the major(主要的)causes of cancer，so you'd better give it up.3．General speaking，those young people who come from the rich family or high rank(等级)are well educated from an early age.4．Tom is likely(可能的)to come this weekend so we must make some preparations in advance.5．The volleyball fans hugged(拥抱)each other when they heard the exciting news that Chinese team won the championship.6．At the meeting they discussed three different approaches(approach)to the study of mathematics.7．My cellphone has many functions(function)，but I usually use it to call and send messages.8．All flights(flight)have been put off because of the terrible storm.
拓展单词 1.association n．社团；联系；联想→associate vt.把……联系起来2．curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇心3．defend vt.保护；保卫→defence n．防御；保卫4．misunderstand vt.误解；误会→misunderstanding n．误解；误会5．spoken adj.口语的→unspoken adj.未说出口的；非口语的6．truly adv.真实地；真诚地；真正地→true adj.真实的→truth n．真实；真理7．anger n．怒气；怒火→angry adj.生气的8．greet vi.& vt.迎接；问候→greeting n．迎接；问候；招呼9．statement n．陈述；说明→state vt.陈述；说明10．facial adj.面部的→face n．脸 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空1．They have maintained a close association(associate)with a college in the US.2．The two high school students will receive free education for their brave behavior，according to a statement(state)released.3．If you misunderstand somebody，it's likely to lead to a misunderstanding．(misunderstand)4．The curious boy looked at the box curiously and then he opened it out of curiosity．(curious)5．To tell you the truth，I'm truly grateful for your helping me make my dream come true．(true)6．In time of war，lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.(defend)
阅读单词 1.posture n.　　姿势；体态2．crossroads n. 十字路口3．frown vi. 皱眉；蹙额4．misread vt. 读错；误解 5.facial adj.　面部的6．fist n. 拳头7．yawn vi. 打呵欠8．respectful adj. 恭敬的 9.subjective adj.　主观的10．false adj. 错误的；假的11．cassette n. 磁带12．employee n. 雇员
单元主题语块背诵　——
1．a major misunderstanding　　　一个大误会
2．stand at a little distance 站得稍远点
3．kiss sb. on the cheek 亲吻某人的面颊
4．introduce oneself 自我介绍
5．shake hands with sb. 与某人握手
6．stand close to sb. 站得离某人近
7．express feelings and emotions 表达思想和情感
8．facial expressions 面部表情
9．communicative skills 交际技能
10．have a better understanding of body language 对身势语有更好的理解
11．make eye contact 目光交流
12．look at sb. in the eyes 直视某人的眼睛
13．greet each other by bowing 互相鞠躬致意
14．give a hug to sb. 拥抱某人
15．cross culture communication 跨文化沟通
16．sign language 手势语
represent vt.代表；描绘；声称
——单句语法填空
①They represented their concern for the safety of these children to the authorities.
②In the afternoon，you together with some of our student representatives(represent)are going to visit the Haihe River and enjoy the beautiful scenery there.
——一句多译
我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关即将到来的排球比赛一些事宜。(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
③Representing_our_school，I'm glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.
④On_behalf_of_our_school，I'm glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.
(1)represent sb./sth.as/to be...　宣称某人为……；把某事叙述为……
represent sth.to sb. 向某人说明(传达)某事
(2)represent sb. /on behalf of sb. 代表某人
(3)representative n. 代表
adj. 典型的；有代表性
　Last but not least，I feel it a great honour to represent my class to take part in the group dancing competition.
最后但同样重要的是，我觉得代表我班参加小组跳舞比赛非常荣幸。
curious adj.好奇的
——单句语法填空
①I was curious to_know(know)more about it，so I went to the library to consult books.
②After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive，I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously(curious).
——微写作
③我们对西方艺术很好奇，所以想请你做一个关于西方艺术历史的演讲。 (2019·天津卷满分作文)
We are_curious_about_Western_art，so we'd like you to deliver a speech about the history of it.
(1)be curious about　　对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事
(2)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心
out of curiosity 出于好奇
with curiosity＝curiously 好奇
　It is good to be curious about the world around you because I think curiosity is the best teacher.
对你周围的世界感到新奇是件好事，因为我认为好奇心是最好的老师。
approach vt.& vi.走近；要求；接近；靠近 n．接近；方法；途径
——单句语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷7月读后续写)So I approached(approach)our uninvited guest slowly and，through the fence，sprayed him in the face.
②The job market has changed and our approaches to finding(find)work must change as well.
③All the approaches(approach)to the airport were blocked by the police yesterday.
——一句多译
此外，随着高考的临近，我们都在忙着为高考做充分的准备。(2020·浙江卷7月满分作文)
④What's more，with_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaching/drawing_near/
around_the_corner，we are busy making full preparations for it.(with复合结构)
⑤Besides，as_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaches/draws_near/is_around_the
_corner，we are busy making full preparations for it.(as引导状语从句)
(1)an approach to...　　(做某事的)方法/途径；接近，靠近
at the approach of 在快到……的时候
(2)approach sth. 靠近/接近……
with...approaching 在……快到的时
　Approaching the city centre，we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.
接近市中心时，我们看到一尊大约10米高的石像。
　“(做)……的方法”的正确搭配：
(1)the approach to(doing) sth.
(2)the way to do/of(doing) sth.
(3)the means of(doing) sth.
(4)the method of(doing) sth
defend vt.保护；保卫
——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义
①(2020·天津卷)“Small does not mean weak，sir，” she defended herself(she).
②It is said that the murderer has employed a famous lawyer to defend him.辩护
——微写作
③这座纪念碑是为了纪念为保卫国家而牺牲的士兵。
The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in_defence_of_their_country．
(1)defend...from/against　　保护……以免受
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
(2)defence n. 防御；保卫
in defence of 为了保卫…
　It is the nature of a mother to do all she can to defend her child from harm and danger.
竭尽全力保护孩子免受伤害是母亲的天性。
major adj.主要的；重要的 n．专业 vi.主修
——单句语法填空/翻译加黑词块
①He inspired me to_major(major)in English in college，to be a bridge between China and the world.
②(2019·浙江卷)Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll.一个重要的转折点
——词汇升级
③Generally speaking，if you look at the audience at a classical concert，most of them are over the age of fifty.
→Generally speaking，if you look at the audience at a classical concert，the_majority_of them are over the age of fifty.
(1)major in　　主修
a major cause 一个主要原因
(2)in the majority 占大多数
the majority of 大多数…
　
As a graduate majoring in the English language，I feel excited to apply for the position.(2018·浙江6月卷满分作文)
作为主修英语的毕业生，我很高兴申请这个职位。
单词三维练　——
用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换
1．(2020·江苏卷)I don't really understand every line he recites，but I believe he truly(true)loves the poems himself.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding(misunderstand)of traditions.They think tradition means old things from the past.
3．They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity(curious)about scientific discoveries.
4．I burst into anger(angry)when he didn't give me a reasonable explanation for his absence.
5．The trees planted at the end of the 1990s have become a powerful defence(defend)against the strong wind.
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化
1．We were having a meeting when Johnson came dashing(dash)in with a piece of paper in his hand.
2．Being_misunderstood(misunderstand)by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience.
3．Those athletes representing(represent)their countries are eager to win the Olympic medals.
4．Shandong Province produced 50 million pounds of apples this year，ranking(rank)second in China.
5．We must adapt our approach to solving(solve)a problem，for each situation is different from the others.
在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．The clerk greeted James and his wife with a smile when they came into the bank.
2．He planned to learn Kungfu in the summer holidays so that he can defend himself against being attacked.
3．Much to his delight，the top student will represent his school to_make(make)a speech at the meeting.
4．The library is functioning as a temporary hospital to cope with people injured in the earthquake.
短语和句式
语境记忆短语　——
记全记牢 用准用活
1.be_curious_about 　　对……感到好奇的2．defend_against 保卫……以免3．on_the_contrary 相反地4．be_likely_to_do_sth. 有可能做某事5．in_general 总的来说；通常6．get_close_to 接近；靠近7．as_if 好像8．at_ease 舒适地9．turn_one's_back_to 背对；背弃10．lose_face 丢脸 ◎ 选用左栏短语填空1．In_general，a wide variety of extra curricular activities will broaden our horizons，and make us relaxed.2．When children are in a familiar environment，they will feel at_ease and perform well.3．Jackson didn't admit his mistake，because he didn't want to lose_face before the whole class.4．When the door was opened suddenly，the boy covered his head with his hands as_if in defence.5．Mum turned_her_back_to me，which meant that she was probably angry with me.
仿写用活句式　——
◎ 单元句式会写1．句式：the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth.教材：The_first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia，closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是来自哥伦比亚的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。2．句式：not all“并非所有的都……”，表示部分否定教材：Not_all cultures greet each other the same way，nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。3．句式：be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”教材：However，people from places like Spain，Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are_more_likely_to_touch_them．不过，来自西班牙、意大利或南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且可能会(用身体)接触对方。4．句式：It作形式主语，真正的主语为that从句教材：We can often be wrong about each other，so it_is_an_amazing_thing_that we understand each other as well as we do!尽管我们常常会彼此误解，但我们仍能做到彼此理解，这真是件令人惊奇的事啊！ ◎ 单元主题佳句背诵——跨文化沟通1．In some countries，it is bad manners to look at someone in the eyes.在一些国家，直视别人是不礼貌的。2．Crossing one's legs in the United States is a sign of being relaxed.在美国，双腿交叉表示很放松。3．When you don't know much about other cultures，the simplest thing can offend others.当你对其他文化缺乏了解时，即使是最简单的举止也会冒犯到别人。4．Eye contact is also very meaningful，but it can also mean different things in different countries.眼神交流很有意义，但是在不同的国家眼神交流意义不同。5．It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging，or we think it's annoying and unnecessary.很有可能的情况是，我们没人开始对话，因为这是尴尬和有挑战性的，或者我们认为这是恼人或没必要的。
in general总的来说；通常
——单句语法填空
①In general，studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today's world of cultural crossroads!
②In short，I will do my best to help make the sports meet a big success.
——一句多译
一般来说，你不应晚于安排好的时间到达。(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
③Generally_speaking，your arrival shouldn't be later than the fixed time.
④In_general，you shouldn't arrive later than the fixed time.
(1)as a general rule　　　　　一般而言；通常
generally speaking 总体而言；一般而言
(2)on the whole
＝to sum up 总的来说
as a whole 就整体来看，一般地说
in a word 总之
in short/brief 简而言之；总
　We're trying to raise awareness about the environment in general and air pollution in particular.
我们正在努力提高人们的环境意识，特别是空气污染的意识。
at ease舒适；快活；自由自在
——单句语法填空
①We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
②We live in an age when more information is available easily(ease)than ever before.
——词汇升级
③When you feel nervous，you'd better listen to some light music to relax yourself.
→When you feel nervous，you'd better listen to some light music to put_yourself_at_ease．
(1)feel/look at ease　 感到/看上去心情放松
put sb.at ease 使某人放松
take one's ease 休息；轻松一下
(2)with ease 轻易地；毫不费力地
(3)ease sb.of sth. 减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等
　In addition，we spent several days in the countryside，which made us feel at ease.
此外，我们在乡下呆了几天，这让我们感到很自在。
句型公式：the first/last(one/person)to do sth.“第一个/最后一个做某事的人”
(教材P26) The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia，closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是来自哥伦比亚的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。
——单句语法填空
①Yang Liwei is not only the first Chinese to_go(go)to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.
②As far as I know，Amy was the only person to_witness(witness)the car accident.
——微写作
③我能说一口流利的英语，我是班上第一个出国深造的学生。(2018·浙江卷满分作文)
I can speak fluent English and I am the_first_student_in_my_class_to_go_abroad for further study.,(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the next，the only，the last等时，常用不定式作后置定语。
(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词多是抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief等
　Beijing has become the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games.
北京成为第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。
句型公式：be likely to do sth.有可能做某事
(教材P26) However，people from places like Spain，Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.不过，来自像西班牙、意大利和南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且可能会(用身体)接触对方。
——单句语法填空
①People are likely to_forget(forget)their own tradition and culture if they focus too much on foreign festivals.
②I have learned that Mr.Brown disagrees with you.Your suggestion is unlikely(like)to be accepted under present condition.
——一句多译
如果你不懂中国的餐桌礼仪你有可能使你的朋友感到尴尬。(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
③It_is_likely_that_you_make your friends feel embarrassed if you don't know China's table manners.
④You_are_likely_to_make your friends feel embarrassed if you don't know China's table manners.
(1)sb./sth. be likely to do sth.
＝It's likely that...意为“……做某事是可能的”。
(2)sb./sth. be unlikely to do sth.
＝It's unlikely that...意为“……做某事是不可能的”。
(3)It is probable/possible that...有可能…
　You are likely to suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。
　possible 只能用it 作形式主语，构成It is possible for sb.to do sth.或 It is possible that...
短语句式二维练　——
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．There is evidence showing that gentle music can make people feel at ease.
2．(2016·浙江卷10月)Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to_develop(develop)depression(抑郁)than people who don't.
3．It is amazing that China has made such great advancement in education and technology.
4．A basketball hit him on the head when he was riding along the street.
1．众所周知，早睡早起是个好习惯。
As we all know，going_to_bed_early_and_getting_up_early is a good habit.
2．面对困难时，他们从不放弃而是努力寻找出路。
①Faced_with_difficulties，they never give up but try their best to find a way out.(face v．)
②Facing_difficulties，they never give up but try their best to find a way out.(face v．)
③In_the_face_of_difficulties，they never give up but try their best to find a way out.(face n．)
3．面对危险，并非所有的人都能保持冷静。
①Not_all_the_people_can_keep_calm in the face of danger.
②All_the_people_cannot_keep_calm in the face of danger.
维度1　生词生义
1．(2020·天津卷阅读C)Well，it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves.vi.运转
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.n.雇员
3．(2019·北京卷阅读A)Want to explore new cultures，meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time？You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA).n.协会
维度2　熟词生义
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读D)“They are simply a stranger to the land，” said Rodney C．Jubilado，a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.adv.完全地，确定地
2．(2020·浙江卷7月)However，a variety of types is represented here.vt.展示
3．(2020·浙江卷)Then we realized that the spray had only angered him even more.vt.使发怒，激怒；恼火
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Over the years，there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.vt.处理
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假设你是某中学的学生会主席李华。上周，你校邀请美国某大学的史密斯教授来校做了一场关于各国身势语的专题讲座。请你代表你校全体学生，用英语给他写一封感谢信。
Dear Professor Smith，
1．Representing_our_school(代表我们学校)，I'm writing to convey our appreciation to you for the lecture concerning body language you gave us last week.In a word，not only has your lecture 2.left_a_deep_impression_on_us_but_also_broadened_our_horizons(给我们留下了深刻的印象，也开阔了我们的视野).
Through the lecture，we learned that 3.not_all_cultures_greet_people_in_the_same_way(并非所有文化的问候方式都是一样的)，nor a gesture means the same.For example，the gesture for OK is rude in Brazil and shaking one's head means “yes” in some countries，which we have never known before.We are convinced that the knowledge will be very beneficial 4.when_communicating_with_people_from_other_cultures(当与来自其他文化背景的人交流时).Otherwise，there 5.are_likely_to_be_some_misunderstandings(可能会有一些误解)in communication.
Thanks again for your wonderful lecture.
Yours，
Li Hua
[友情提示]　每道习题都是一个高考点，每项训练都是对能力的检验，认真对待它们吧！进入“高考提能练(十九)”，去收获希望，体验成功！本栏目内容以活页形式分册装订！
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14Unit 5　Theme parks
重点单词
分类识记单词　——
核心单词 记全记牢 用准用活
1.theme n.　　题目；主题(曲)2．cartoon n. 漫画；动画片3．unique adj. 独一无二的；仅有的4．preserve vt. 保存；保留n. 保护区5．outing n. 外出；短途旅行；远足6．sunlight n. 阳光7．tourism n. 旅游业8．deed n. 行动；事迹9．whichever pron. 无论哪一个；任何一个10．wherever adv.&conj. 无论在什么地方；各处 ◎ 品句填词1．(2020·浙江卷7月)A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme(主题).2．(2019·江苏卷书面表达)What's more，the traditional Chinese dress can't reflect the unique(独特的)culture of our school.3．The man is fond of going outdoors for an outing(远足)when he is on holiday.4．Plants will grow almost in any place where there is plenty of air，water，sunlight(阳光)and warmth.5．As we all know，deeds(行动)are much better than words when people are in need of help.
拓展单词 1.various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样性→vary vt.& vi.使多样化；变化2．length n．长度；长→lengthen v．加长→long adj.长的3．settler n．移民；殖民者→settle vt.& vi.安家；定居；解决4．translator n．译员；翻译→translate v．翻译→translation n．翻译，译文5．advance vt.& vi.前进；促进；提前 n．前进；进步→advanced adj.高级的；先进的6．admission n．允许进入；入场费→admit v．承认7．amusement n．消遣；娱乐(活动)→amuse vt.使发笑；使快乐8．attraction n．有吸引力的事物；吸引→attract vt.吸引→attractive adj.吸引人的9．minority n．少数；少数民族→majority n．(反义词)多数10．central adj.中心的；中央的→centre n．中心 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·天津卷)Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various(vary)food choices on the menu，allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining.2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Now most homes have central(centre)heating and don't use fires to keep warm.3．(2021·东北三省四市联考)The Silk Road has a length(long)of more than 4，000 kilometers and a history of 2，000 years.4．Some tourist attractions in Beijing attract many foreigners to pay a visit because they are attractive．(attract)5．Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted into it at last.(admit)6．The audience was amused by the performance in the amusement park.(amuse)
阅读单词 1.fantasy n.　幻想；怪念头2．carpenter n. 木匠3．craftsman n. 匠人；能工巧匠4．sword n. 剑 5.tournament n.　锦标赛；联赛；(中世纪)骑士比武 6．athletic adj. 运动的7．jungle n. 丛林8．brand n. 商标；牌子9．shuttle n. 往返汽车；航天飞机 10.souvenir n.　纪念品11．sneaker n. 运动鞋12．brochure n. (作宣传或介绍用的)小册子；指南 13．freeway n. 高速公路14．creature n. 生物；动物
单元主题语块背诵　——
1．be open to the public　　对公众开放
2．theme park 主题公园
3．combine entertainment with education 娱乐与教育相结合
4．experience the ancient days 体验古代时光
5．use the most advanced technology 用最先进的科技
6．entertainment facilities 娱乐设施
7．be crazy about adventure 热衷于冒险
8．cartoon character 卡通角色
9．at home and abroad 在国内外
10．make a profit 盈利
11．places of interest 名胜
12．amusement park 游乐园
various adj.不同的；各种各样的
——单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷)Libraries will often hold reading group sessions targeted at various(vary)age groups.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Other varieties(vary)of multigenerational family are more common.
——词汇/句式升级
③(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)Our school has built a new stadium.It has all kinds of well equipped facilities.
→Our school has built a new stadium，which_has_various/varieties_of/a_variety_of_well equipped_facilities．(定语从句)
(1)for various reasons　　由于种种原因
(2)variety n. 变化；多样性；种类
a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的
(3)vary vt.& vi. 改变；变化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变
　One of the advantages is that we can find various topics，such as science，culture and history.
其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如：科学、文化、历史等。
preserve vt.保存(使免受破坏)；保留；保护；维护 n．保护区；禁猎地
——单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)He said that he had heard the calls to_preserve(preserve)the boxes and had seen how some of them were listed as historic buildings.
②It is well known that Shennongjia is one of the beautiful nature preserves(preserve)，attracting thousands of visitors every day.
——句式升级
③Because they are well preserved in the nature preserve，pandas live a happy life.
→Well_preserved_in_the_nature_preserve，pandas live a happy life.(分词作状语)
(1)preserve...from...　　保护……免受……
(2)nature preserve 自然保护区
(3)well preserved adj. 保存良好
　Three years ago，a society was set up to preserve the endangered animal and plant life from dying out in this area.
三年前，成立一个协会来保护这个地区濒临灭绝的动植物。
　“一字”之差
(1)preserve vt.保护；维护
(2)reserve保留；储备，预定
advance vt.& vi.促进；前进；提前；提出；预付 n．前进；进步；预先 adj.预先的；事先的
——单句语法填空
①(2020·新高考山东卷)She decided to go back to college to_advance(advance)her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves：nursing.
②(2020·天津卷)Next time you visit Bob，remember to give him a call in advance.
③Having shown you around our school，we will introduce our most advanced(advance)science lab to you.
——微写作
④如果你提前告知我你是否有空我将感激不尽。(2019·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
I'd appreciate it if you let me know whether_you_are_available_or_not_in_advance/ahead_of
_time．
(1)be advanced to...　　被提拔为……
(2)in advance/ahead of time 预先；提前(指事先)
make advances in 在……方面取得进步
(3)advanced adj. 高级的；先进
　This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.
这项研究对提高我们对语言学习的理解有很大的帮助。
　
(1)advance vt.不与forward连用；
(2)enter(进入)不与into连用；
(3)return(回来)不与back连用。
单词三维练——
用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions(admit)and practical life skills.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)You can imagine how attractive(attract)the farm is: fresh air，clean water and warm sunshine.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central(centre)to its movement.
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I watched as the ASL Club performed their translation(translate)of a song.
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化
1．The wind blew so hard just now that the branches swung(swing)rapidly from side to side.
2．In addition，a great many Tang poems have been_translated(translate)into foreign languages and they are popular with foreign readers.
3．The manager had the meeting advanced(advance)to next week，which made us burst into anger.
4．One major suggestion at the meeting is that these traditional customs should be_preserved(preserve).
在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．Much to our amusement，the adult turned up wearing a funny shirt.
2．The young man，who had gained admission to a university，decided to do some part time jobs to gain more practical experience.
3．We must take some measures to preserve the endangered animals from being killed.
短语和句式
语境记忆短语　——
记全记牢 用准用活
1.be_famous_for 　　以……而闻名2．be_familiar_with 对……熟悉3．come_true 实现4．no_wonder 难怪；不足为奇5．have_fun 玩得高兴6．be_modelled_after 根据……模仿；仿造7．face_to_face 面对面8．get_close_to 接近9．come_to_life 活跃起来10．in_advance 提前 ◎ 选用左栏短语填空1．His dream finally came_true when he won a gold medal in the Olympic Games.2．The children came_to_life at once when they heard they would go on a trip to the West Lake.3．The newly built stadium in our city is_modelled_after the Bird's Nest Stadium.4．As we all know，Mount Tai is a well known tourist attraction which is_famous_for its unique sunrise.5．After a trip，he found that getting_close_to nature adds great joy to life.
仿写用活句式　——
◎ 单元句式会写1．句式：some...others...有些……有些……教材：Some_parks_are_famous_for having the biggest or longest roller coasters，others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture.有些主题公园以有最大或最长的过山车而闻名，有些则因展示了文化中的著名景点和声音而闻名。2．句式：“疑问词＋ ever”引导让步状语从句教材：Whichever_and_whatever_you_like，there is a theme park for you!无论你喜欢哪一个，不管你喜欢什么，都会有一个适合你的主题公园！3．句式：whether...or...“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句教材：It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true，whether_you_are_travelling_through_space，visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character.无论你是在太空遨游、参观海盗船，还是邂逅你最喜欢的童话故事或者迪士尼卡通里的人物，迪士尼都会把你带到魔幻的世界，使你的梦想变为现实。 ◎ 单元主题佳句背诵——主题公园1．The theme park offers various amusement.You can have fun whether you like adventure or enjoy riding roller skaters.这个主题公园提供各种娱乐活动。无论你喜欢冒险还是喜欢滑旱冰，你都可以玩得很开心。2．They offer tourists experiences that combine entertainment with education，no wonder it attracts thousands of tourists every day.它们为游客提供寓教于乐的体验，难怪它每天都会吸引成千上万的游客。3．Whatever amusement facilities you ride，Qingdao Polar Ocean World will certainly reward you with satisfying memories.无论你玩什么娱乐设施，青岛极地海洋世界会给你留下满意的回忆。4．Built on a mountain and covering an area of 870，000 square meters，the park is one of the largest marine parks in the world.它依山而建，占地面积87万多平方米，是世界上最大的海洋公园之一。5．The park is famous for unique marine animal exhibits，various entertainments and animal shows.公园以独特的海洋动物展览而闻名，还有各种娱乐和动物表演。
no wonder难怪；不足为奇
——补全句子
①With the above advantages，no_wonder_that_travelling_is_becoming_more_and_more
_popular(难怪旅行变得越来越受欢迎).
②(2020·浙江卷满分作文)Therefore，there_is_no_need_to_worry_about_our_studies(没有必要担心我们的学习)，just relax and have a good rest.
——微写作
③我想知道你是否能参加今年9月25日在我们学校礼堂举行的音乐节。 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
I am wondering if/whether you could attend this year's music festival to be held in our school hall on September 25th.
(1)No wonder(that)...＝It's no wonder(that)... 难怪……
I wonder whether(if)/when/why/how...
我想知道是否/什么时候/为什么/怎么……
(2)There is no doubt that...　 毫无疑问……
There is no point(in)doing sth. 做某事无意义
There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某
　No wonder children all like going to Disneyland，where they can meet their favourite Disney cartoon characters.
难怪孩子们都喜欢去迪士尼乐园，在那里，他们可以见到他们最喜欢的迪士尼卡通人物。
come to life 活跃起来；苏醒过来
——猜测加黑词汇的含义/补全句子
①When the children heard that their teacher came to life，the whole class came to life at once.苏醒过来；活跃起来
②When_it_comes_to_education(当涉及到教育)，the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
③After the earthquake，the government tried its best to bring_the_village(back)to_life(使村庄恢复生机).
——微写作
④一得知我们将参加农场活动时，我们都活跃起来。(2019·北京卷满分作文)
The moment we learnt that we would take part in the farm work program，we_all_came_to_life．
(1)come to(oneself)　　苏醒过来
come back to life 苏醒过来；复活
when it comes to... 当谈及……
(2)bring sth.(back)to life 使……生动；使……恢复生机
live/lead a．..life 过着……的生活
make a life 生活；享受生
　When it came to the Chinese volleyball，he came to life immediately.He insisted that we Chinese should learn from the Chinese Volleyball Team's spirit
当谈到中国排球时，他马上活跃起来。他坚持认为我们中国人应该学习中国排球队的精神。
句型公式：not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，连接并列成分
(教材P38) Futuroscope is not only for individuals，but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings.“观测未来”主题公园不仅仅适合个人，也适合学生全班出游，因为它是娱乐与学习的完美结合。
——补全句子/单句语法填空
①As we all know，reading classics can not_only_improve_our_study_but_also_enrich_our
_everyday_life(不仅提高了我们的学习，也丰富了我们的日常生活).
②(2020·江苏卷)There，he not only did(do)well as a student but also became a blindness public speaker.
③Not only you but also he donates(donate)money to these homeless people.
——一句多译
它不仅让我们放松，而且让我们更接近大自然。(2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
④It gave_us_not_only_relaxation_but_also it got us closer to nature
⑤Not only did_it_give_us_relaxation but also it got us closer to nature.(倒装),not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，连接并列成分。
(1)用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。
(3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致
　Yao Qizhi，a professor of Qinghua university，is famous not only in the field of computer but also in the field of AI.
姚期智，清华大学教授，不仅在计算机领域，而且在人工智能领域都很有名。
句型公式：“疑问词 ever”引导让步状语从句
(教材P34) Whichever and whatever you like，there is a theme park for you!无论你喜欢哪一个，不管你喜欢什么，都会有一个适合你的主题公园！
——单句语法填空
①Whenever I'm unhappy，it is my friends who cheer me up.
②Whoever is interested in watching the coming volleyball game against Yucai Middle School should book the ticket in advance.
③Wherever you go，whatever you go，I will be right here waiting for you.
——一句多译
无论你走哪一条路都会到车站。
④Whichever_road_you_take，it will lead you to the station.
⑤No_matter_which_road_you_take，it will lead you to the station.
(1) 引导让步状语从句
(2)whatever，whichever，who(m)ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。
(3)no matter what，no matter which，no matter who(m)只引导让步状语从句
　By the way，whatever difficulty you meet with，I'm always here waiting for you to turn to.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
顺便说一句，无论你遇到什么困难，我都会在这里等你求助。
短语句式二维练　——
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1．No wonder he was late for school，he was caught in a heavy traffic jam.
2．Some people have naturally beautiful voices，while others have rich facial expressions.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I advise you to go to the library to borrow a history book and learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance，which can help you better understand the poems to be learned.
4．As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.
5．This kind of friendly and harmonious atmosphere is unique to our company，and you can't experience it in any other place.
1．众所周知，接近大自然对我们的健康有益。
As we all know，getting_close_to_nature_is_beneficial_to_our_health．
2．我相信这些捐赠的书籍不仅能使你更熟悉中国而且有助于你提高汉语。
I believe these donated books will not only make_you_more_familiar_with_China but help improve your Chinese.
3．只要你尽最大努力了，赢不赢没有关系。
As long as you try your best，it doesn't matter whether_you_win_or_not．
4．这个故事的寓意是：不遗余力地获取知识，不管情况多么困难都不要轻易气馁。
①The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily however_difficult_the_situation_may_be．
②The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be．
5．This opportunity will not only make you happy，but also satisfy your interest in Chinese operas.
→Not_only_will_this_opportunity_make_you_happy，but also it will satisfy your interest in Chinese operas.(倒装句)
维度1　生词生义
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读B)Already，a number of films，including “Water for Elephants，” “The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper，” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.n.生物；动物
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ阅读A)I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.神话故事，童话
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ阅读A)This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around.n.幻想
维度2　熟词生义
1．(2016·浙江卷)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of which has been proved.vt.提出
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana.vt.管理，经营
3．However，I quite appreciate your effort to introduce Chinese culture，which will surely bridge the gap between our countries.vt.把……连接起来
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
某英文报的“Tourist Attraction”栏目正面向中学生征文。请根据提示信息写一篇短文介绍香港海洋公园。
①位于香港南部，依山而建，面积超过87万平方米；②1977年开放，是最受喜爱的公园之一；③游客可以了解海洋生物，体验游乐设施并观看各种动物表演。
Hong Kong Ocean Park，1.situated_in_the_south_of_Hong_Kong(位于香港的南部)，is a world famous marine life theme park and a famous leisure paradise.
Built on a mountain and covering an area of 870，000 square meters，the park is one of the largest marine parks in the world.Opened in 1977，it's 2.one_of_the_Hong_Kong_people's_
favourite_theme_parks(香港人最喜爱的主题公园之一).Besides，the park is famous for unique marine animal exhibits，various entertainments and animal shows.Most importantly，they offer tourists experiences that combine entertainment with education，and 3.it_is_no_wonder_that_it_
attracts_thousands_of_tourists_every_year(难怪它每年吸引成千上万的游客).
4．No_matter_when/Whenever_you_come_here(无论你什么时候来这里)，not only will Hong Kong Ocean Park fill your day with wonders，pleasure and excitement，but it will also reward you with sweet memories.
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