Unit 2 Working the land
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·太原市高三年级模拟试题一)
The Chinese Doctor Who Beat the Plague(鼠疫)
In the winter of 1910，Dr.Wu Lien teh stepped off a train in the northern Chinese city of Harbin.He was there to solve a medical mystery，at great personal risk.Over the past few months，an unknown disease had swept along the railways of northeast China，killing 99.9% of its victims.The Qing Imperial Court had sent the Cambridge educated Dr.Wu north to stop the epidemic(流行病).
When Dr.Wu arrived in Harbin on December 24，1910，he carried little in the way of medical instruments and had only one assistant.One of Wu's first acts upon arrival was to set up special quarantine(隔离) units and to order lockdowns to stop infected persons from traveling and spreading the disease.He had teams check households for possible cases，and even managed to convince authorities to completely close the railways in the early weeks of 1911.Of particular concern was the upcoming Chinese New Year holiday，which had become a great annual migration of people traveling across the country to see their families.
Thanks to Dr.Wu's efforts，the number of plague victims began to decrease，and by March 1，1911，the epidemic was fully contained.The plague outbreak of 1910—1911 lasted nearly four months，affected five provinces and six major cities，and accounted for over 60，000 deaths.It is clear that without the brave and decisive actions taken by Dr.Wu it could have been much worse.Had the epidemic gone unchecked，allowing holiday rail passengers to spread the disease to the rest of China could have meant a catastrophic loss of life and possibly a global health crisis.
In April 1911，Dr.Wu chaired an International Plague Conference in Shenyang，attended by scientists from 11 countries including the United States，Japan and France.They praised Dr.Wu for his handling of the 1910—1911 outbreak.For a time，Dr.Wu was the world's most famous plague fighter，a title he defended in fighting cholera in China in 1919，and a ruturn of plague in 1921.
1．What was Dr.Wu's mission in 1910
A．To take personal risks.
B．To end an epidemic.
C．To provide medical education.
D．To investigate the number of victims.
2．Which of Dr.Wu's acts stopped the disease from spreading nationwide
A．Setting up special quarantine units.
B．Carrying medical instruments with him.
C．Checking households for possible cases.
D．Convincing authorities to close the railways.
3．What can we infer from the third paragraph
A．The disease worsened after March 1，1911.
B．60，000 people would have died without Dr.Wu's efforts.
C．The world was saved from a major epidemic in 1911.
D.A global health crisis followed the 1910—1911 outbreak.
4．What can we know about Dr.Wu from the last paragraph
A．He continued to fight epidemics after 1911.
B．He was infected with cholera in 1919.
C．He traveled worldwide hosting conferences.
D．He claimed the plague would never happen again.
B
(2020·辽宁省五校协作体高三模拟)
In a long sleeved shirt and jeans，Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional African farmer.The 30 year old owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes.
“You need more role models，”he said，standing among knee high rows of chilli(辣椒) plants.“If you have young farmers，they have land and they drive to the farm，others may think，‘ Why_can't_I_do_that？’”
Mr.Twahirwa，a university graduate，bought a friend's tomato farm six years ago for $150.He made $1，500 back in two months.“You have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers，”he said.
Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside，choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fields—a job made tougher by climate change.
But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agriculture's image on the continent more attractive.Some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him.He is starting a fourth farm of his own，and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain，the United States，India，and Kenya.
Africa has the world's youngest population and 65 percent of its uncultivated arable land(耕地后备资源).Yet accessing land and loans is difficult，and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.
“Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said Tamara Kaunda.She believes African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe.“Show young people tractors，green fields，nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.
Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm.For example，in coffee production，the beans go from the farm to the washing station，then to be separated from the husks(外壳).
5．What does “Why can't I do that？”in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Why can't I drive to the farm
B．Why can't they farm
C．They follow the example of those farmers.
D．They bought a friend's tomato farm.
6．What makes it harder for farmers to work
A．Poor land. B．Climate.
C．Low income. D．Long working hours.
7．What can we learn about Twahirwa according to Paragraph 5
A．He made a fortune by growing chillies.
B．His chillies are superb in the world.
C．Farmers working for him live a simple life.
D．The locals aren't willing to buy his chillies.
8．When it comes to agriculture in Africa，what do people think about it
A．Loans are difficult.
B．Most land is uncultivated.
C．Crop yields are rather low.
D．Farming methods are out of date.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·山东省部分重点中学高三第一次综合考试)
Criticism(批评) is harmful to healthy relationships.It's okay to express disappointment if someone is behaving in a way that hurts you.__1__ The following are some ways to catch criticism before it begins.
__2__ Before you criticize，pause and consider whether you really need to say anything at all.If someone did something to get on your nerves，would you really need to point it out？Sometimes，it's best to let small rudeness go.Take a few deep breaths and leave the room instead of criticizing.
Be realistic.Critical people often have very high expectations of those around them.Your tendency to criticize may come from expecting too much from others.Sometimes you may find yourself consistently annoyed or disappointed with others.__3__
Separate the individuals from their actions.Critical people often focus on the negative aspects of a situation or a person，failing to see good qualities alongside negative ones.If you find yourself making assumptions about a person's character，stop yourself.__4__ We all behave poorly sometimes，but a single action is not a reflection of the character.
Focus on positives.Oftentimes，being critical results from how you're choosing to see a situation.__5__ However，the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh the bad ones.Try to focus on a person's positive qualities over their negative ones.
A．Never criticize others.
B．Think before you speak.
C．Everyone has drawbacks and imperfections.
D．It may be a good idea to adjust your expectations.
E．We should focus on other people's disappointing actions.
F．Try to separate a disappointing action from the person doing the action.
G．Being overly critical，however，can cause tension in a relationship over time.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
(2020·烟台市高考诊断性测试)
假如你是校英文报主编，最近校报拟开设“我身边的英雄”栏目，请你根据以下提示写一则征稿启事(电子邮箱：Englishcolumn@ )：
1．开设目的；
2．稿件要求；
3．投稿方式和截止日期。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Contributions Wanted
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
PAGE
7Unit 2 Working the land
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·太原市高三年级模拟试题一)
The Chinese Doctor Who Beat the Plague(鼠疫)
In the winter of 1910，Dr.Wu Lien teh stepped off a train in the northern Chinese city of Harbin.He was there to solve a medical mystery，at great personal risk.Over the past few months，an unknown disease had swept along the railways of northeast China，killing 99.9% of its victims.The Qing Imperial Court had sent the Cambridge educated Dr.Wu north to stop the epidemic(流行病).
When Dr.Wu arrived in Harbin on December 24，1910，he carried little in the way of medical instruments and had only one assistant.One of Wu's first acts upon arrival was to set up special quarantine(隔离) units and to order lockdowns to stop infected persons from traveling and spreading the disease.He had teams check households for possible cases，and even managed to convince authorities to completely close the railways in the early weeks of 1911.Of particular concern was the upcoming Chinese New Year holiday，which had become a great annual migration of people traveling across the country to see their families.
Thanks to Dr.Wu's efforts，the number of plague victims began to decrease，and by March 1，1911，the epidemic was fully contained.The plague outbreak of 1910—1911 lasted nearly four months，affected five provinces and six major cities，and accounted for over 60，000 deaths.It is clear that without the brave and decisive actions taken by Dr.Wu it could have been much worse.Had the epidemic gone unchecked，allowing holiday rail passengers to spread the disease to the rest of China could have meant a catastrophic loss of life and possibly a global health crisis.
In April 1911，Dr.Wu chaired an International Plague Conference in Shenyang，attended by scientists from 11 countries including the United States，Japan and France.They praised Dr.Wu for his handling of the 1910—1911 outbreak.For a time，Dr.Wu was the world's most famous plague fighter，a title he defended in fighting cholera in China in 1919，and a ruturn of plague in 1921.
语篇解读 1910年的冬天一种死亡率极高的流行病席卷中国东北，在剑桥受过教育的伍连德医生被派去阻止这种流行病，他到达目的地后，采取了诸如设立专门的隔离病区、对感染者实行活动限制之类的有效措施，由于伍连德医生的努力，鼠疫最终被完全控制。
1．What was Dr.Wu's mission in 1910
A．To take personal risks.
B．To end an epidemic.
C．To provide medical education.
D．To investigate the number of victims.
B [考查细节理解。根据第一段尾句“The Qing Imperial Court had sent the Cambridge educated Dr.Wu north to stop the epidemic(流行病)”可知，清朝政府派遣在剑桥受过教育的伍医生北上，以阻止这种流行病。故B项正确。]
2．Which of Dr.Wu's acts stopped the disease from spreading nationwide
A．Setting up special quarantine units.
B．Carrying medical instruments with him.
C．Checking households for possible cases.
D．Convincing authorities to close the railways.
D [考查细节理解。根据题干关键词“spreading nationwide”定位至第二段最后两句中的“even managed to convince authorities to completely close the railways in the early weeks of 1911...to see their families”和第三段最后一句可知，他说服当局在春节前彻底关闭铁路，防止人口通过铁路流动，从而阻止了鼠疫在全国流行，故D项正确。]
3．What can we infer from the third paragraph
A．The disease worsened after March 1，1911.
B．60，000 people would have died without Dr.Wu's efforts.
C．The world was saved from a major epidemic in 1911.
D.A global health crisis followed the 1910—1911 outbreak.
C [考查推理判断。根据第三段尾句可知，如果疫情没有得到控制，允许假期乘坐火车的旅客将疾病传播到中国其他地方，可能意味着灾难性的生命损失，并可能引发全球健康危机。据此可以推断，鼠疫在1911年得到完全控制，有效阻止了其向世界传播，故C项正确。]
4．What can we know about Dr.Wu from the last paragraph
A．He continued to fight epidemics after 1911.
B．He was infected with cholera in 1919.
C．He traveled worldwide hosting conferences.
D．He claimed the plague would never happen again.
A [考查推理判断。根据本文尾句可知，那时伍医生是世界上最著名的抗击鼠疫的人，他在抗击1919年中国的霍乱和1921年卷土重来的鼠疫中捍卫了这一称号。据此可推知，在1911年之后，他继续卓有成效地抗击流行病。故A项正确。]
B
(2020·辽宁省五校协作体高三模拟)
In a long sleeved shirt and jeans，Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional African farmer.The 30 year old owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes.
“You need more role models，”he said，standing among knee high rows of chilli(辣椒) plants.“If you have young farmers，they have land and they drive to the farm，others may think，‘ Why_can't_I_do_that？’”
Mr.Twahirwa，a university graduate，bought a friend's tomato farm six years ago for $150.He made $1，500 back in two months.“You have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers，”he said.
Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside，choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fields—a job made tougher by climate change.
But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agriculture's image on the continent more attractive.Some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him.He is starting a fourth farm of his own，and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain，the United States，India，and Kenya.
Africa has the world's youngest population and 65 percent of its uncultivated arable land(耕地后备资源).Yet accessing land and loans is difficult，and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.
“Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said Tamara Kaunda.She believes African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe.“Show young people tractors，green fields，nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.
Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm.For example，in coffee production，the beans go from the farm to the washing station，then to be separated from the husks(外壳).
语篇解读 非洲青年Dieudonne Twahirwa从事农业生产，他通过自己的努力，获得了巨大的回报；非洲有世界上最年轻的人群与大量的耕地后备资源，但是由于气候与农业技术的落后，很多年轻人都不愿意从事农业；Dieudonne Twahirwa则为非洲青年树立了榜样。
5．What does “Why can't I do that？”in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Why can't I drive to the farm
B．Why can't they farm
C．They follow the example of those farmers.
D．They bought a friend's tomato farm.
C [考查句意理解。根据第二段中的“If you have young farmers，they have land and they drive to the farm，others may think，‘Why can't I do that？’”可知，此处表示如果你有年轻的农民，他们有土地，而且开车去农场，其他人可能会想，为什么“我”不能那样做？该句意在表明其他人认为他们可以效仿这些农民的做法。故选C。]
6．What makes it harder for farmers to work
A．Poor land. B．Climate.
C．Low income. D．Long working hours.
B [考查细节理解。根据第四段“Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside...a job made tougher by climate change”可知，在非洲，让农民的劳动难度更大的原因在于气候变化。故选B。]
7．What can we learn about Twahirwa according to Paragraph 5
A．He made a fortune by growing chillies.
B．His chillies are superb in the world.
C．Farmers working for him live a simple life.
D．The locals aren't willing to buy his chillies.
A [考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him.He is starting a fourth farm of his own”可推知，Twahirwa通过种植红辣椒赚了很多钱。故选A。B项中的superb意为“质量极高的”。]
8．When it comes to agriculture in Africa，what do people think about it
A．Loans are difficult.
B．Most land is uncultivated.
C．Crop yields are rather low.
D．Farming methods are out of date.
D [考查推理判断。根据第七段中的“African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe”可知，非洲农业需要改变，以摆脱其传统的形象：使用锄头的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可推知，当谈及非洲的农业时，人们想到的是落后的耕作方法。故选D。A、B、C三项均为非洲农业的实际情况，不是人们对其的看法。]
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·山东省部分重点中学高三第一次综合考试)
Criticism(批评) is harmful to healthy relationships.It's okay to express disappointment if someone is behaving in a way that hurts you.__1__ The following are some ways to catch criticism before it begins.
__2__ Before you criticize，pause and consider whether you really need to say anything at all.If someone did something to get on your nerves，would you really need to point it out？Sometimes，it's best to let small rudeness go.Take a few deep breaths and leave the room instead of criticizing.
Be realistic.Critical people often have very high expectations of those around them.Your tendency to criticize may come from expecting too much from others.Sometimes you may find yourself consistently annoyed or disappointed with others.__3__
Separate the individuals from their actions.Critical people often focus on the negative aspects of a situation or a person，failing to see good qualities alongside negative ones.If you find yourself making assumptions about a person's character，stop yourself.__4__ We all behave poorly sometimes，but a single action is not a reflection of the character.
Focus on positives.Oftentimes，being critical results from how you're choosing to see a situation.__5__ However，the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh the bad ones.Try to focus on a person's positive qualities over their negative ones.
A．Never criticize others.
B．Think before you speak.
C．Everyone has drawbacks and imperfections.
D．It may be a good idea to adjust your expectations.
E．We should focus on other people's disappointing actions.
F．Try to separate a disappointing action from the person doing the action.
G．Being overly critical，however，can cause tension in a relationship over time.
语篇解读 批评对健康的人际关系有害，本文介绍了几种在批评开始前将其拦住的方法。
1．G [考查上下文衔接。该空前一句说如果有人的行为伤害了你，表达失望是可以的，空后又表达下面是一些在批评开始前拦住它的方法，空处前后表示语义上的转折，故选G项“然而，过于挑剔会导致一段关系随着时间的推移而紧张”。]
2．B [考查段落小标题。该空需要填的是本段的小标题，本段的主要内容为在批评前需要停下来考虑是否有必要说些什么，故选B。]
3．D [考查总结句。根据空前内容可知，批判性的人往往对周围的人有很高的期望，批评的倾向可能来自对别人过高的期望，再结合本段小标题可知，D项“调整自己的期望值可能是个好办法”符合语境。]
4．F [考查上下文衔接。根据本段小标题“将个人和他们的行为分开”可知，F项“尽力把一种令人失望的行为和做这种行为的人分开”与小标题呼应，与此处匹配，故选F。]
5．C [考查上下文衔接。空后提到，然而绝大多数人的好品质多于坏品质，尽力把注意力集中在一个人的正面品质上，而不是负面的品质上，故C项“每个人都有缺点和不完美”符合语境。]
Ⅲ.应用文写作
(2020·烟台市高考诊断性测试)
假如你是校英文报主编，最近校报拟开设“我身边的英雄”栏目，请你根据以下提示写一则征稿启事(电子邮箱：Englishcolumn@ )：
1．开设目的；
2．稿件要求；
3．投稿方式和截止日期。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Contributions Wanted
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
Contributions Wanted
To share inspiring stories about heroes and let the whole school learn from them，we're to launch a new column The Hero Around Me.
Everyone is welcome to write articles about a hero，including the hero's name，his/her great spirit and heroic deeds that touch you.What you write should be accurate and real.Besides，your contributions are expected to be within 300 words.
Please send your contributions to our editorial department or email them to Englishcolumn@ before April 28.
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