Unit 4 Body language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·安徽省部分重点中学高三联考)
Remember Vitaminwater's “ free of rolling screens for a year” challenge that people to be free from smart phones for a whole year will win $100，000 Well, Elana Mugdan，a New York woman, has been into it for eight months, and just four months away from claiming the grand prize.
Vitaminwater made news headlines last December when it announced its unique challenge. Thousands of people applied to be chosen as the perfect candidate to spend a year without touching their smart phones, but in the end, the only person who got to try and survived for an entire year without a handheld smart phone was Elana Mugdan, a 29?year?old fiction writer from Queens, New York. Eight months into the challenge, she claims，it has been a free and eye?opening experience that shows her just how dependent she becomes on her smart phone. Even though there are times when she misses her handheld smart phone, she plans to go on living without it even after the challenge ends，because she really doesn't want to go back to days when she overused it, wasted time, stayed up all hours of the night on it，and was obsessed_with social media.
But not having access to her smart phone really made certain situations a lot harder than she could have imagined them before.“Many people did me a favor. However, once, I almost get stranded (被滞留的) in the Sea?Tac Airport because the phone number I'd written down was wrong, and I had no way of referrng to the right one, no way of calling a cab, and no one in the state who could help me，” the young writer said.
Another time, her car's “ check engine” light turned on while she was driving in an unfamiliar area at night. She couldn't use her phone's GPS, or even check what the light meant online or find a nearby car repair shop. But she learned to overcome these situations. And now she claims the last eight months of phone?free life have been one of the best adventures of her life and that she'll keep it for another four months.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Elana Mugdan在参加Vitaminwater发起的一年不用手机的挑战过程中，所遇到的困难及其感受。
1．What's the challenge “ free of rolling screens for a year”？
A．People free from smart phones can live a richer life.
B．People living a telephone?free life can be awarded money every year.
C．People living without computers for a year will win a grand prize.
D．People spending a year free from smart phones will get a reward.
D [考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句中的“challenge that people to be free from smart phones for a whole year will win $100 ，000？”可知，这个挑战要求参加者一年内不使用手机，参加者完成挑战后可以获得奖金。故选D。]
2．Which phrase can replace the underlined part “obsessed with” in paragraph 2
A．satisfied with B．accustomed to
C．addicted to D．popular with
C [考查词义猜测。根据第二段画线短语所在句中的“she really doesn't want to go back to days when she overused it，wasted time, stayed up all hours of the night on it”可知，Elana Mugdan曾经过度使用手机，浪费了时间，并且还熬夜玩手机。此处与上文内容相衔接，由此可以推测出，此处表示她当时对社交媒体非常迷恋，即上瘾。故选C。]
3．What does Elana Mugdan mainly want to express in Paragraph 3
A．It's fantastic to have someone to help her all the way.
B．It's unimaginable to lose her phone number on the way.
C．It's unnecessary to refer to information with a smart phone.
D．It's difficult to get out of the trouble without a smart phone.
D [考查推理判断。根据第三段第一句“But not having access to her smart phone really made certain situations a lot harder than she could have imagined them before”以及本段所列举的事例可知，Elana Mugdan在第三段想告诉我们，没有手机很难摆脱困境。故选D。]
4．What can we learn about Elana Mugdan
A．She couldn't live without a smart phone.
B．She finds no one can help her in the adventure.
C．She has not won the grand $ 100，000 prize yet.
D．She used to use her smart phone to write fiction.
C [考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句中的“she'll keep it for another four months”可知，Elana Mugdan还要继续四个月的挑战，由此可知她还没有获得奖金。故选C。]
B
(2020·普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟)
Heads up! Across the country, sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes. Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions—serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.
“By raising awareness of the serious risks associated with concussions and ensuring that the appropriate guidelines are in place, we can reduce the number of young athletes who may return to the game too soon, which can put their health at further risk，” said AMA Board Member Jack Resneck Jr.，M.D.，in a statement.
The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to their sport with a doctor's written approval.The policy also sets age?specific rules for health care professionals and athletic organizations in evaluating and caring for athletes who have concussions.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) ，a concussion is a type of traumatic (创伤的) brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth.This type of movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist inside the skull (颅骨). It can damage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain.
The CDC says that between 1.6 million and 3.8 million traumatic brain injuries caused by sports and recreation?related activities occur in the U. S. every year. A study from the Center for Injury Research and Policy showed that as many as 40% of high school athletes return to playing before they should. The AMA's new guidelines should help to bring those numbers down.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。美国医学会制定了一套旨在保护运动员免受脑震荡危险的指导方针。
5．Why does the AMA set the new guidelines
A．To raise safety standards of sports.
B．To protect athletes from concussions.
C．To set rules for health care evaluation.
D．To help players return to the game quickly.
B [考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“the American Medical Association(AMA)has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions”可知，美国医学会制定新的指导方针是为了保护运动员免受脑震荡危险。]
6．What should young athletes who may have a concussion do
A．Avoid using the head.
B．Leave the field forever.
C．Get treatment in time.
D．Switch to another sport.
C [考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then，they are only to return to their sport with a doctor's written approval”可知，可能有脑震荡的年轻运动员应该尽快离开赛场，并且只有在拥有医生的书面批准后他们才能返回赛场参加体育运动，故可推知他们应该接受及时的治疗。]
7．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．What a concussion is.
B．What causes damage to brain cells.
C．How the CDC works.
D．How a concussion can be prevented.
A [考查段落大意。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“a concussion is a type of traumatic(创伤的)...back and forth”可知，本段主要介绍了脑震荡是一种由头部的撞击、重击、震动或身体撞击造成的脑部创伤。故选A。]
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Rules for Safer Play
B．Sports Injuries in the U．S.
C．Advice to Athletes
D．New Policies for Doctors
A [考查标题判断。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“the American Medical Association(AMA)has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions”可知，本文主要介绍美国医学会制定了旨在保护运动员免受脑震荡危险的指导方针，故A项作本文标题最佳。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·烟台市高考诊断性测试)
My twin sister，Dawn，born with cerebral palsy(脑瘫)，has to wear braces(背带)on her legs and walk with the help of a stick，often causing people to__1__and point.
As Dawn was the only “different” child in our neighborhood，we were constantly picked on.We never had any friends because of her condition.I began to __2__Dawn and was embarrassed to be seen with her.So I did everything to get her into trouble to__3__her being born mentally and physically disabled.
When I turned twelve，my mother was so displeased with my behavior.She figured I was__4__enough to know better.One day she threw me in my bedroom and gave me a thick yellow book.What I saw in that book__5__the way I viewed my disabled sister.
There were many baby__6__of Dawn and me dressed alike，the only__7__：I looked small and peaceful while Dawn was hooked up to tubes and needles and machines.If you looked closely，you could see the__8__in her eyes though she was always smiling.One picture stood out：we were__9__each other.The words below read，“I'm so happy to have a twin sister，Netti.The doctors make me cry.She makes me__10__．” Looking back，I realized how__11__I had been！I had never put myself in Dawn's shoes！Feeling__12__，I cried myself to sleep.
Later，Dawn came to wake me up for dinner.I kissed her and hugged her__13__like in the picture.
From then on，I was Dawn's__14__．No one was going to hurt her for any reason.We are__15__．I am the other half of her and she is my world.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对脑瘫的双胞胎姐姐态度的转变。
1．A.complain B．wander
C．stare D．envy
C [根据上下文推测，作者的姐姐患有脑瘫，需要借助拐杖行走，经常会有人盯着她看(stare)并指指点点。]
2．A.hate B．pity
C．disturb D．warn
A [根据上文可知，因为姐姐患有脑瘫，作者她们交不到任何朋友，所以作者开始讨厌(hate)姐姐。]
3．A.put up with B．make use of
C．keep track of D．get back at
D [因为作者讨厌姐姐，所以她竭尽所能地去报复姐姐。get back at sb.“向某人报复”符合语境。put up with“容忍，忍受”；make use of “利用”；keep track of“与……保持联系”。]
4．A.patient B．old
C．clever D．confident
B [当作者十二岁时，妈妈对其行为非常不满，她认为作者年龄足够大，能知道是非。故选old。]
5．A.formed B．changed
C．explained D．confirmed
B [由上下文可知，妈妈给作者的那本厚厚的书饱含姐姐的深情，从而改变了作者对残疾姐姐的看法。]
6．A.pictures B．clothes
C．toys D．stories
A [由下文中的“One picture stood out”可知选A。]
7．A.problem B．spotlight
C．similarity D．difference
D [由下文给出的对比可知，作者和姐姐唯一不同之处(difference)是：作者看起来很小和安静，而姐姐被接上了管子、针管和医疗机器。]
8．A.courage B．disappointment
C．pain D．concern
C [由后面的转折(虽然她总是微笑)可推知，你仔细看的话可以看出她眼里的痛苦(pain)。因为姐姐正在治疗，所以会疼痛。]
9．A.hugging B．supporting
C．comforting D．praising
A [根据下文中的“hugged her________like in the picture”可知选A。]
10．A.improve B．think
C．laugh D．survive
C [由语境可知，空处与cry对应，故选C。]
11．A.rude B．selfish
C．responsible D．innocent
B [回首过去作者对姐姐的种种不好，作者意识到自己非常的自私。下文的“I had never put myself in Dawn's shoes”也是提示。selfish“自私的”。]
12．A.helpless B．unhappy
C．desperate D．ashamed
D [作者此时幡然悔悟，此前对姐姐太无情，所以感到非常羞愧(ashamed)。]
13．A.politely B．seriously
C．tightly D．purposely
C [作者亲吻了姐姐并且像照片里一样紧紧地拥抱了姐姐。]
14．A.protector B．assistant
C．educator D．consultant
A [由下文作者提到的不让任何人以任何理由去伤害姐姐可知，作者成了姐姐的保护人(protector)。]
15．A.irreplaceable B．undefeatable
C．unimaginable D．inseparable
D [由下文提到的作者是姐姐的另一半，姐姐是作者的世界可知，作者和姐姐是不可分离的(inseparable)。]
Ⅲ. 语法填空
(2020·太原市高三年级模拟试题一)
As to garlic and raw onion，you might want to avoid their after?effects，but many of these 1.________(positive) unfriendly foods are good for you.In fact，the smell on your breath are immediate and can last for hours.The reason is that garlic and onions contain something that is very smelly and can contribute 2.________ bad breath.As the foods are digested，the special oils they contain 3.________(absorb) into your bloodstream and you breathe 4.________(they) out until the foods are removed from your body.Despite all this，you should eat them.Those who add garlic and onions to food need 5.________(little) salt than those who do not.So it's 6.________ healthier alternative，says Rebecca Valle，a dietitian at Alfred Hospital in Melbourne，Australia.“Garlic and onions can also protect against many 7.________(disease) and promote good health，” she said.So how do you enjoy them without 8.________(offend) everyone around you？Eating less of the garlic and onion and drinking plenty of water works.Drinking milk also helps reduce the things 9.________ cause bad breath.Chewing gum，sucking on a mint or sipping peppermint tea will also help.But remember 10.________(see) your doctor if your bad breath continues.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了吃大蒜及洋葱的好处，以及去除吃它们之后所留下的难闻的味道的方法。
1．解析： 考查词性转换。修饰形容词“unfriendly”要用副词，故填positively，意为“真的，确实”。
答案： positively
2．解析： 考查固定搭配。contribute to为固定搭配，意为“促成，造成”，符合语境。
答案： to
3．解析： 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，主语the special oils与absorb之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，又由从句所用的一般现在时可知，此处也应用一般现在时；又主语为复数形式，故填are absorbed。be absorbed into...意为“被吸收进……”。
答案： are absorbed
4．解析： 考查代词。作动词“breathe”的宾语要用人称代词的宾格形式，故填them。
答案： them
5．解析： 考查比较级。根据本句中的“than”和语境可知，此处要用little的比较级形式，表示“需要较少的盐”。
答案： less
6．解析： 考查冠词。此处泛指“一种较健康的选择”，且healthier的发音以辅音音素开头，故要用不定冠词a。
答案： a
7．解析： 考查名词的单复数。此处表示“大蒜和洋葱也能够预防许多疾病”，空前有many修饰，故此处disease是可数名词，应用其复数形式。
答案： diseases
8．解析： 考查动名词。本句中without是介词，后面一般接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故此处填offend的动名词形式offending。
答案： offending
9．解析： 考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是“the things”，指物，故应用关系代词that/which引导该定语从句。
答案： that/which
10．解析： 考查动词不定式。该句表示“但是如果你的口臭继续存在，记得去看医生”，remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”，符合句意，故空处填动词不定式。
答案： to see
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9Unit 1 Women of achievement
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·江西省重点高中盟校第一次联考)
Sara Blakely was checking in at an airport last week when a stranger，rushing past，spotted her.“The two best inventions of the past 100 years：Spanx and wheels on suitcases，” the woman spoke out across the busy hall. For years，managing the company she founded in Georgia，US in 2000，which has revolutionized underwear，Sara is well used to such situation. Sara has created some 200 kinds of products being sold in more than 50 countries，which has helped Sara become the world's youngest self?made female billionaire at one time.
The name Spanx，Sara agreed，is probably as responsible for the brand's success as the products，and it came to her when she was sitting in traffic one day. That night，she went online and registered Spanx as a trademark. Sara has all her best ideas in cars and on planes. Although she only lives five minutes away from the office，she will often leave home half an hour early every morning，driving around the city.
Sara's ambition since childhood has been to follow her father into the law. She failed the Law School Admission Test. Then she got her first job at Walt Disney World. After three months there，she stopped to sell fax machines door to door for the company Danka. She did such a job for seven years. But，as she said，she wouldn't have been able to build Spanx without that．
“I learned that ‘no' doesn't always mean ‘no'，and that you may get 30 noes before you get one yes. People told me no with Spanx for two years and I believe Spanx's future is bright，” she said. While she sold fax machines by day，at night she took part in local amateur open mic comedy sessions. “I just wasn't getting enough rejection during the day so I'd try to get a bit more at night，” she often told her team.
1．According to the text，Sara Blakely ________．
A．is the youngest female billionaire
B．invented Spanx and wheels on cases
C．likes to greet strangers at the airport
D．brought great changes to others' life
2．Why does Sara Blakely leave home early in the morning
A．To visit the city.
B．To have a rest in the car.
C．To get thinking time.
D．To go to work early.
3．What does the underlined word “that” refer to
A．Her sales experience in Danka.
B．The idea of registering a trademark.
C．The dream in her childhood.
D．Her first job at Walt Disney World.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Spanx：one of the best inventions
B．Explore Spanx：its history and future
C．Life lesson：face rejection bravely
D．Meet Sara Blakely：the founder of Spanx
B
(2020·长春市高三质量监测一)
Although small business training and credit programs have become more common throughout the world，little attention has been paid to the need of young people，and even less to the children living on the street or in difficult conditions.
Over the past nine years，Street Kids International(SKI) has been working with partner organizations in Africa，Latin America and India to support the economic lives of street children and develop opportunities for street children to earn income.
The SKI Bicycle Courier Service first started in Sudan，Street children who took part in it were given bicycles，which they used to deliver parcels and messages. A similar program was taken up in Bangalore，India. The Shoeshine Collective was a program with the YWCA in the Dominican Republic. The children in this project were lent money to buy shoeshine boxes. They were also given a safe place to store their equipment，and facilities for individual savings plans. The Youth Skills Enterprise Initiative in Zambia is a program with the Red Cross Society and the YWCA.Street youths are supported to start their own small business through business training，life skills training and access to credit.
During the program，SKI and partner organizations have drawn lessons from the past：First of all，being a businessman is not for everyone，nor for every street child. And it is important for all loans to be linked to training programs that include the development of basic business and life skills. Secondly，small loans are provided firstly for buying fixed assets such as bicycles，shoeshine kits and basic building materials for a market stall(摊位).As the children gain experience，they can be given more loan amounts. And all SKI programs have charged interest on the loans. Generally the rates have been lower than bank rates. Most importantly，it is believed that credit must be given with other types of support，that help the young develop key life skills as well as productive businesses.
5．How does SKI help the street children
A．By giving the street children chances to go to school.
B．By encouraging the public to give money to street children.
C．By creating chances for street children to make money.
D．By drawing the attention of governments to help street children.
6．Street youths can be lent money to buy shoeshine boxes in ________．
A．the Dominican Republic. B．Zambia
C．India D．Sudan
7．The underlined word “assets” in the last paragraph probably can be replaced by ________．
A．clothing B．vehicles
C．equipment D．houses
8．From the last paragraph we know that ________．
A．each child can only enjoy one kind of loan
B．not all loans should be linked to training programs
C．any child can apply for the business training and loan
D．the children have to pay back slightly more money than they borrow
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·济南市4月模拟)
As the temperature approached as high as 90 °F last July 4th，three police officers went into a Foods Market to get something __1__ to drink.Once inside，they were asked by a security guard to help with a __2__ woman.The woman in question was obviously __3__，and her cheeks were wet with tears.The officers looked inside her bag.All they saw were containers of __4__．
“I'm hungry，” she explained __5__．Caught red handed，the woman was no doubt expected to be treated as a __6__．But the police had other __7__．“We'll pay for her food，” one of them told the __8__ security guard.She would not be __9__．
Drying her wet __10__，the woman repeated，“Thank you，thank you.” She wasn't the only one touched by this act of __11__．Customers at the store were so impressed by what they'd __12__ that some even posted a photo on social media.__13__，attention was never what the officers sought.They were __14__ by a far more common emotion.When we look at someone's face and see that they need us，it's pretty __15__ as a human being to walk away from something like this.
1．A.safe B．sweet
C．clean D．cold
2．A.wounded B．suspected
C．reported D．wronged
3．A.scared B．disappointed
C．puzzled D．annoyed
4．A.clothes B．medicine
C．toys D．food
5．A.politely B．loudly
C．seriously D．helplessly
6．A.thief B．beggar
C．victim D．customer
7．A.facts B．secrets
C．ideas D．reasons
8．A.rude B．surprised
C．patient D．embarrassed
9．A.arrested B．employed
C．kept D．doubted
10．A.bag B．hands
C．packet D．cheeks
11．A.caution B．sympathy
C．justice D．faith
12．A.ignored B．expected
C．witnessed D．recognized
13．A.However B．Therefore
C．Besides D．Instead
14．A.attracted B．controlled
C．required D．driven
15．A.typical B．amazing
C．difficult D．silly
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟考试)
Because of Richard Sears' enthusiasm for 1.________(tradition) Chinese culture，he began learning Chinese in 1972.2.________(attract) by the ancient language，Sears often went back and forth between China and America.In 1994，after his recovery from a severe heart attack，he made a 3.________(decide)to make the ancient Chinese characters，Jiaguwen，available online.
From then on，Sears started programming and building a database of Jiaguwen.4.________ took him seven years to scan the characters in Chinese ancient books.In 2002，the Jiaguwen enthusiast's website 5.________(create)，though with only a few page views per day in the beginning.It rose to 600，000 per day in 2011 after a blogger recommended the site 6.________a Chinese social media platform.“I became famous 7.________(instant) and was given a nickname ‘Uncle Hanzi’，” Sears said with a smile.Up till now，the website has been continuously updated，8.________ gives lovers of the ancient language from all over the world free access to browsing(浏览) in their free time.
At present，the 70?year?old American has made his home in China.Apart from 9.________(take) part in some social 10.________(activity)，Sears devotes all his efforts to the study of Chinese characters.
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