Unit 1 Great scientists
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·6月济南市高三针对性训练)
One of the best ways to pay for college is to find work that helps pay part of the school fee.Here are four types of part time jobs that provide students with extra income.
Jobs with employer scholarships
Some companies offer help paying for college through scholarship programs.Taco Bell，for instance，offers its part time employees the chance to win up to a $25，000 award through its Live Más Scholarship.The award can be used toward vocational schools or a two or four year college.Employees must have worked for the company at least three continuous months.
Work study
For years the Federal Work Study Program has allowed students to earn money through part time work.Students aged between 16 and 24 who file Free Application for Federal Student Aid may be qualified for the program.While these jobs aren't always on campus，students in work study earn at least $7.25 per hour—the state minimum wage.
Paid internships
A paid internship(实习期) can not only help students pay for college but also can open doors for full time work after graduation.According to a 2019 survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers，nearly two thirds of paid interns received a job offer，while just about 44% of unpaid interns were offered a job.
On demand jobs
The gig economy known for its flexible jobs can help students earn cash between classes.These on demand jobs include completing small jobs，making deliveries or even driving for ride booking services.Students can typically earn more through on demand work，ranging from $10 to $20 an hour.
1．What are the applicants for the Federal Work Study Program required to do
A．Submit an application.
B．Work part time for years.
C．Accept the minimum wage.
D．Live and work on campus.
2．What is the advantage of on demand jobs
A．Providing scholarships.
B．Having a fixed workplace.
C．Including an extra award.
D．Offering more job options.
3．Which type is of great help for students to find a full time job
A．Jobs with employer scholarships.
B．On demand jobs.
C．Paid internships.
D．Work study.
B
(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)
China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture.In comparison with Western methods，traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) adopts a vastly different approach.For thousands of years，Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases，therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body's life is the consequence of the balance between yin and yang.Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm，and yin is the inner base to store and provide energy.When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed，people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM，acupuncture(针刺疗法)，means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body—usually at acupoints(穴位)—to restore the yin yang balance.It is often accompanied by moxibustion(灸法)，which involves burning the mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon.It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles.And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition.The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies.In 2010，acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO.Presently，TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID 19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
4．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to？
A．TCM. B．Acupuncture.
C．Yin yang balance. D．Moxibustion.
5．What can we learn about Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon from the text
A．It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion.
B．It's a foundation of world medical research.
C．It stresses the importance of using acupoints.
D．It greatly boosts the development of TCM.
6．What is the writer's purpose of writing the passage
A．To introduce TCM to the world.
B．To review the development of TCM.
C．To tell TCM and Western medicine apart.
D．To comment on TCM in fighting COVID 19.
7．What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text
A．Why TCM gets recognition from WHO.
B．Why TCM is gaining popularity.
C．How TCM helps in the current situation.
D．How other countries adopt TCM well.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·潍坊市高考模拟)
I was woken up by my dog barking in the early morning.I went outside to find a koala (考拉) at the yard gate wanting to enter.It was the first time that I had __1__ a koala in my neighborhood.What a welcome __2__！
I was wondering why he was here，as koalas __3__ came down from the trees and didn't like walking，either.__4__，there was no eucalyptus (桉树) around.Was he hungry or lost？Or maybe the bushfire across Kangaroo Island __5__ him here
He just sat there，apparently __6__，and sort of looked at me with a look，like helping me out of my suffering.At a (n) __7__ look，I discovered a long cut on his back with blood，__8__ of attacks or cuts of something sharp in some other way.
I rushed into my room and came out with some iodophor (碘伏药水).It was not a __9__ problem as I was a nurse.This poor soul seemed to quite __10__ my kindness when I __11__ the cut with the liquid.It __12__ me that he came to seek my __13__！
After the treatment，I watched the koala finally __14__ in the wild，hoping he was able to __15__ the hard time and live his life as he should.
1．A.grabbed B．encountered
C．investigated D．tackled
2．A.chance B．relief
C．surprise D．message
3．A.frequently B．slightly
C．mostly D．rarely
4．A.Once more B．Ever since
C．Just then D．Then again
5．A.pursued B．drove
C．followed D．cast
6．A.in pain B．in order
C．in comfort D．in disappointment
7．A.quick B．close
C．eager D．anxious
8．A.features B．symbols
C．signs D．series
9．A.crucial B．small
C．distinct D．tricky
10．A.ignore B．answer
C．understand D．anticipate
11．A.touched B．felt
C．tapped D．treated
12．A.appealed to B．referred to
C．occurred to D．addressed to
13．A.help B．advice
C．approval D．fortune
14．A.exploring B．rushing
C．jogging D．disappearing
15．A.experience B．survive
C．escape D．have
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2021·河北省高三六校第一次联考)
Dressed in a flowing robe(长袍) 1.________(decorate ) with floral embroidery(花卉刺绣) from a past era，stylist Xiao Hang looks like she came from a time machine.She walks across the noisy Beijing subway，2.________(attract) curious glances and questions.
China 3.________(welcome) western fashion and futuristic technology during the past decades，4.________ a growing number of young people like Xiao are looking at the past for their dressing choices.5.________(obvious)，they prefer to put on traditional “hanfu”，or “Han clothing”．
These historic 6.________(costume) are enjoying a come back because the government is promoting traditional culture.Period dramas have also contributed to a 7.________(great) interest in traditional Chinese clothing and a higher demand for it.
Xiao，8.________ used to work at a state owned machine manufacturing company，now runs her own hanfu business，where she dresses customers for photo shoots and even plans hanfu style weddings.However，there is still some way before the style reaches wide 9.________(accept) in China.Many people say their hesitation is due to the odd looks they get when they're wearing hanfu 10.________ public.
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9Unit 1 Great scientists
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·6月济南市高三针对性训练)
One of the best ways to pay for college is to find work that helps pay part of the school fee.Here are four types of part time jobs that provide students with extra income.
Jobs with employer scholarships
Some companies offer help paying for college through scholarship programs.Taco Bell，for instance，offers its part time employees the chance to win up to a $25，000 award through its Live Más Scholarship.The award can be used toward vocational schools or a two or four year college.Employees must have worked for the company at least three continuous months.
Work study
For years the Federal Work Study Program has allowed students to earn money through part time work.Students aged between 16 and 24 who file Free Application for Federal Student Aid may be qualified for the program.While these jobs aren't always on campus，students in work study earn at least $7.25 per hour—the state minimum wage.
Paid internships
A paid internship(实习期) can not only help students pay for college but also can open doors for full time work after graduation.According to a 2019 survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers，nearly two thirds of paid interns received a job offer，while just about 44% of unpaid interns were offered a job.
On demand jobs
The gig economy known for its flexible jobs can help students earn cash between classes.These on demand jobs include completing small jobs，making deliveries or even driving for ride booking services.Students can typically earn more through on demand work，ranging from $10 to $20 an hour.
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了可以为大学生提供额外收入以支付部分学费的四种兼职工作。
1．What are the applicants for the Federal Work Study Program required to do
A．Submit an application.
B．Work part time for years.
C．Accept the minimum wage.
D．Live and work on campus.
A [考查细节理解。根据Work study部分的第二句“Students aged between 16 and 24 who file Free Application for Federal Student Aid may be qualified for the program”可知，年龄在16—24岁之间提交联邦学生援助免费申请的学生，才有资格参加这个项目。故选A。]
2．What is the advantage of on demand jobs
A．Providing scholarships.
B．Having a fixed workplace.
C．Including an extra award.
D．Offering more job options.
D [考查细节理解。根据On demand jobs部分的第二句“These on demand jobs include completing small jobs，making deliveries or even driving for ride bookings services”可知，这些兼职工作包括完成小任务或送货等。故选D。]
3．Which type is of great help for students to find a full time job
A．Jobs with employer scholarships.
B．On demand jobs.
C．Paid internships.
D．Work study.
C [考查细节理解。根据Paid internships部分的第一句“A paid internship(实习期)can not only help students pay for college but also can open doors for full time work after graduation”可知，带薪实习也为毕业后的全职工作打开大门。故选C。]
B
(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)
China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture.In comparison with Western methods，traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) adopts a vastly different approach.For thousands of years，Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases，therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body's life is the consequence of the balance between yin and yang.Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm，and yin is the inner base to store and provide energy.When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed，people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM，acupuncture(针刺疗法)，means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body—usually at acupoints(穴位)—to restore the yin yang balance.It is often accompanied by moxibustion(灸法)，which involves burning the mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon.It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles.And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition.The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies.In 2010，acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO.Presently，TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID 19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。首先介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法，随后指出中医正在获得世界范围内的认可，且因其在提高新冠肺炎治愈率上的有效性而重新出现在新闻中。
4．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to？
A．TCM. B．Acupuncture.
C．Yin yang balance. D．Moxibustion.
B [考查理解词汇的能力。第三段第一句讲的是针刺疗法的相关内容，根据语境可知，此处表示针刺疗法经常伴随灸法，故It指的是Acupuncture。]
5．What can we learn about Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon from the text
A．It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion.
B．It's a foundation of world medical research.
C．It stresses the importance of using acupoints.
D．It greatly boosts the development of TCM.
D [考查推断的能力。根据第四段内容可知，第一部明确谈到针刺疗法和灸法的文献就是《黄帝内经》，它是最早和最重要的中医书面著作，并被认为是中国最具代表性的医学文本，故选D“它极大地促进了中医的发展”。]
6．What is the writer's purpose of writing the passage
A．To introduce TCM to the world.
B．To review the development of TCM.
C．To tell TCM and Western medicine apart.
D．To comment on TCM in fighting COVID 19.
A [考查理解写作目的的能力。文章前半部分介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法，后面说中医正逐渐受到世界范围内的认可，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是向世人介绍中医。]
7．What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text
A．Why TCM gets recognition from WHO.
B．Why TCM is gaining popularity.
C．How TCM helps in the current situation.
D．How other countries adopt TCM well.
C [考查推断的能力。由最后一段最后一句可知，自2020年1月新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，因其在提高治愈率上的成效，中医再次出现在新闻当中，故可推知下面一段内容将围绕中医如何帮助解决目前情况而展开，故选C。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·潍坊市高考模拟)
I was woken up by my dog barking in the early morning.I went outside to find a koala (考拉) at the yard gate wanting to enter.It was the first time that I had __1__ a koala in my neighborhood.What a welcome __2__！
I was wondering why he was here，as koalas __3__ came down from the trees and didn't like walking，either.__4__，there was no eucalyptus (桉树) around.Was he hungry or lost？Or maybe the bushfire across Kangaroo Island __5__ him here
He just sat there，apparently __6__，and sort of looked at me with a look，like helping me out of my suffering.At a (n) __7__ look，I discovered a long cut on his back with blood，__8__ of attacks or cuts of something sharp in some other way.
I rushed into my room and came out with some iodophor (碘伏药水).It was not a __9__ problem as I was a nurse.This poor soul seemed to quite __10__ my kindness when I __11__ the cut with the liquid.It __12__ me that he came to seek my __13__！
After the treatment，I watched the koala finally __14__ in the wild，hoping he was able to __15__ the hard time and live his life as he should.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者偶遇并救助一只考拉的经历。
1．A.grabbed B．encountered
C．investigated D．tackled
B [根据上文的“I went outside to find a koala (考拉)at the yard gate wanting to enter”可知，这是作者第一次在附近见到考拉。encounter“意外地遇见”。grab“抓住”；investigate“研究，调查”；tackle“抓获，应付，处理”。]
2．A.chance B．relief
C．surprise D．message
C [根据上文的“It was the first time”可知，作者第一次在附近见到考拉，会感到很惊讶。surprise“惊奇，惊讶”。relief“宽慰”。]
3．A.frequently B．slightly
C．mostly D．rarely
D [根据下文的“and didn't like walking，either”可知，作者不知道它为什么来这里，因为考拉很少从树上下来，也不喜欢走动。rarely“很少”符合语境。frequently“经常”；slightly“稍微”；mostly“多半，大部分”。]
4．A.Once more B．Ever since
C．Just then D．Then again
D [空后陈述另外的情况，表示不过这附近也没有桉树。then again表示“不过，另一方面”。once more“再一次”；ever since“从此”；just then“就在那时”。]
5．A.pursued B．drove
C．followed D．cast
B [这里是作者的猜测，它是饿了还是迷路了？还是森林大火把它逼到了这里？drive“逼迫，迫使”。pursue“追求”；follow“跟随”；cast“扔，抛”。]
6．A.in pain B．in order
C．in comfort D．in disappointment
A [根据下文的“sort of looked at me with a look，like helping me out of my suffering”“I discovered a long cut on his back with blood”可知，考拉受了伤，显然很痛苦。in pain“疼痛”；in order“就绪，妥当”；in comfort“舒适地”；in disappointment“失望地”。]
7．A.quick B．close
C．eager D．anxious
B [根据下文的“I discovered a long cut on his back with...cuts of something sharp in some other way”可知，作者靠近看，发现它背上有一道长长的伤口。]
8．A.features B．symbols
C．signs D．series
C [考拉的背上有一道长长的伤口，有血迹，这是它受到攻击或者被某种锋利的东西割伤的痕迹，故sign“痕迹，迹象”符合语境。feature“特征”；symbol“象征”；series“一系列，连续”。]
9．A.crucial B．small
C．distinct D．tricky
D [根据下文的“as I was a nurse”可知，作者是护士，所以处理伤口不是一件难事。tricky“棘手的，难办的”。crucial“至关重要的”；distinct“截然不同的，清楚的”。]
10．A.ignore B．answer
C．understand D．anticipate
C [这个可怜的家伙似乎很明白作者的善意。ignore“忽视”；answer“回答，回应”；understand“明白，理解”；anticipate“预期，预料”。]
11．A.touched B．felt
C．tapped D．treated
D [根据上文的“I rushed into...some iodophor(碘伏药水)”可知，作者用碘伏药水治疗考拉的伤口。treat“医疗，医治，治疗”。]
12．A.appealed to B．referred to
C．occurred to D．addressed to
C [结合语境可知，此处表示作者忽然想到它是来寻求帮助的。appeal to“呼吁”；refer to“参考，提及”；occur to“被想到”。]
13．A.help B．advice
C．approval D．fortune
A [参见上题解析。help“帮助”；advice“建议”；approval“赞成”；fortune“运气”。]
14．A.exploring B．rushing
C．jogging D．disappearing
D [此处表示治疗之后，作者看着考拉消失在野外。explore“探索，探讨”；rush“冲向”；jog“慢跑”；disappear“消失”。]
15．A.experience B．survive
C．escape D．have
B [根据下文的“the hard time and live his life as he should”可知，作者希望它大难不死，过它应该过的生活。survive在此作及物动词，表示“艰难度过，从(困难)中挺过来”。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2021·河北省高三六校第一次联考)
Dressed in a flowing robe(长袍) 1.________(decorate ) with floral embroidery(花卉刺绣) from a past era，stylist Xiao Hang looks like she came from a time machine.She walks across the noisy Beijing subway，2.________(attract) curious glances and questions.
China 3.________(welcome) western fashion and futuristic technology during the past decades，4.________ a growing number of young people like Xiao are looking at the past for their dressing choices.5.________(obvious)，they prefer to put on traditional “hanfu”，or “Han clothing”．
These historic 6.________(costume) are enjoying a come back because the government is promoting traditional culture.Period dramas have also contributed to a 7.________(great) interest in traditional Chinese clothing and a higher demand for it.
Xiao，8.________ used to work at a state owned machine manufacturing company，now runs her own hanfu business，where she dresses customers for photo shoots and even plans hanfu style weddings.However，there is still some way before the style reaches wide 9.________(accept) in China.Many people say their hesitation is due to the odd looks they get when they're wearing hanfu 10.________ public.
语篇解读 设计师肖航经营着自己的汉服公司，她为客户提供汉服拍照服务，甚至策划汉服风格的婚礼。与过去崇尚西方时尚风格相对，越来越多的年轻人更喜欢中国传统服装文化。
1．解析： 考查过去分词。分析该句结构可知，空处作名词robe的后置定语，修饰该名词；robe和动词decorate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故空处用过去分词decorated。
答案： decorated
2．解析： 考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知，主语She和动词attract之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空处用现在分词attracting。
答案： attracting
3．解析： 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处作谓语。根据该句时间状语“during the past decades”可知，该句陈述的是从过去一直发生到现在的事情，而且还可能继续下去，故用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，又主语为China，故可知答案。
答案： has welcomed/has been welcoming
4．解析： 考查连词。空前陈述“多年来中国一直欢迎西方时尚和极其现代的技术”；空后表述“越来越多像肖这样的年轻人在选择服装时把目光投向过去”，空处前后为转折关系，故填but。
答案： but
5．解析： 考查副词。分析该句结构可知，空处修饰后面的整个句子，故用副词形式。
答案： Obviously
6．解析： 考查名词的单复数。costume可以当作可数名词讲，根据该句系动词are可知，该处应用复数形式。
答案： costumes
7．解析： 考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的比较级“higher”可知，空处与此对应，也应当用比较级。句意：历史剧也促使人们对中国传统服饰产生了更大的兴趣和更高的需求。
答案： greater
8．解析： 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Xiao，指人，空处在从句中作主语，故用who引导该定语从句。
答案： who
9．解析： 考查名词。形容词修饰名词，根据形容词wide可知，空处用名词形式，此处表示“广泛接受”。
答案： acceptance
10．解析： 考查固定搭配。in public为固定搭配，意为“公开地”，符合语境。句意：很多人说，他们之所以会犹豫是因为公开穿汉服时别人会用奇怪的眼神看他们。
答案： in
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