2022年上海市高三英语一模专项汇编-03 十一选十（含答案）

03-2022年上海市高三英语一模真题专项训练之十一选十
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
2021虹口一模
A. genuinely B. pocket C. mass-produced D. seemingly E. inspiration F. familiarize G. group H. encounter I. customary J. symbolic K.motivation
A Deeper Meaning behind Souvenirs
“Nobody sits us down and tells us to collect objects when we’re young,” writes Rolf Potts, “it’s just something we do, as a way to _____31_____ ourselves with the world, its possibilities, and our place in it.”
Few of us would call ourselves collectors, but most travelers _____32_____ a seashell from a vacation, or bring a keychain. As Mr. Potts notes in a book called “Souvenir,” there is more to this _____33_____ simple practice than meets the eye. For one thing, it can date back to the oldest described journeys, so it’s a _____34_____ practice that goes back thousands of years. And academic researchers have classified souvenirs —even _____35_____ items like “I Love New York” T-shirts and plastic miniatures of Michelangelo’s David -- into various categories, likely unknown to many travelers.
Which categories do the things we’ve bought or found in our travels fall into Further, what’s _____36_____ behind our need to bring home souvenirs
Over time, intellectual curiosity became the driving _____37_____ for personal travel. Yet even as travelers began collecting historical and scientific souvenirs, not just religious items, the things they brought home stood for feelings for holy objects.
Scholars _____38_____ these souvenirs into different buckets, including “markers” (location branded items like T-shirts and teacups), “pictorial images” (postcards and posters), and “ _____39_____ landmarks” (for example, Statue of Liberty key chains), with the latter two categories symbolizing, though not exclusive to, mass tourism.
In the end, “Souvenir” suggests that its meaning is not fixed because its importance to the owner can change over time and that its significance is closely related to the traveler’s identity. Mr. Potts himself has had plenty of souvenirs, things that remind him not merely of the places he’s been and the extraordinary _____40_____ between him and local people, but of former life phases. “When we collect souvenirs,” he writes, “we do so not to evaluate the world, but to tell the self.”
答案
31. F 32. B 33. D 34. I 35. C 36. A 37. K 38. G 39. J 40. H
2021宝山一模
A. potentially B. results C. rewards D. sensitive E. survival F. transmit
G. distinguish H. responding I. developed J. conscious K. rapidly
Sense of smell is our most rapid warning system
“The human avoidance response to unpleasant smells associated with danger has long been seen as a _____31_____ perceivable process, but our study shows for the first time that it’s unconscious and extremely rapid,” says the study’s first author Behzad Iravani, researcher at the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet.
The organ relating to the sense of smell takes up about five per cent of the human brain and enables us to _____32_____ between many million different smells. A large proportion of these smells are associated with a threat to our health and _____33_____, such as that of chemicals and rotten food. Smell signals reach the brain within 100 to 150 milliseconds after being breathed in through the nose.
The survival of all living organisms depends on their ability to avoid danger and seek _____34_____. In humans, the smell sense seems particularly important for detecting and reacting to _____35_____ harmful substance.
It has long been a mystery just which sensory systems are involved in the change of an unpleasant smell into avoidance behavior in humans. Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have now _____36_____ a method that for the first time has made it possible to measure signals from the human smell organ, which processes smells and in turn can _____37_____ signals to parts of the brain that control movement and avoidance behavior.
Their _____38_____ are based on three experiments in which participants were asked to rate their experience of six different smells, some positive, some negative, while the electrophysiological activity of the smell organ when _____39_____ to each of the smells was measured.
“It was clear that the organ reacts specifically and _____40_____ to negative smells and sends a direct signal to the outer layer of the organ within about 300 ms,” says the study’s last author Johan Lundstr m.” The signal causes the person to unconsciously lean back and away from the source of the smell. ”
答案
31-35 J G E C A 36-40 I F B H K
2021崇明一模
A. awarded B. contemporary C. demand D. emitted E. explore F. exposureG. inevitable H. protective I. tragic J. undertake K. unmatched
Praise for Pioneers in Science
In memory of Marie Curie on her birthday on Saturday, the official website of the Nobel Prize posted a photograph of her notebook saying, “Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of _____31_____ to radiation through her work. Even today her laboratory notebook from 1899-1902, is radioactive and will be for 1,500 years.”
The tales of Marie and other scientists of her time are in some sense very _____32_____.
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, a professor of physics at the Wuerzburg University in Germany, discovered X-ray in 1895. A year later, Antoine Henri Becquerel found that some natural substances _____33_____ rays, too. Later, Marie and her physicist husband, Pierre Curie, gave it a name, radioactivity.
However, the harmful effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later. Marie and her _____34_____ scientists dealt with radioactive substances for decades using little or no protection.
Marie’s death is a reminder about the risks pioneers in science _____35_____. It was only after people handling radioactive substances began to get similar diseases that medical experts asked people to use protection. Today, medical health workers and patients wear heavy_____36_____ covers during X-rays.
It is almost _____37_____ that those exploring new frontiers (前沿) for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers. There is a(n) _____38_____ for better protection for the pioneers, but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known.
For example, the space suits astronauts wear protect them against radiation. However, only time will tell if there are some other unknown dangers that they need to protect themselves against.
The contributions and sacrifices by such pioneers to the field of science are _____39_____ and deserving of our respect. Because the pioneers not only _____40_____ new frontiers, but also help us better protect ourselves from unknown environments.
答案
31. F 32. I 33. D 34. B 35. J 36. H 37. G 38. C 39. K 40. E
2021黄浦一模
A. cultivate B. reassuring C. opposing D. objective E. confidence F. evidenceG. perceived H. functioning I. estimate J. existing K. scientism
Why Doubt Is Essential To Science
The confidence people place in science is frequently based not on what it really is, but on what people would like it to be. When I asked students at the beginning of the year how they would define science, many of them replied that it is a(n) ____31____ way of discovering certainties about the world. But science cannot provide certainties. For example, a majority of Americans trust science as long as it does not challenge their ____32____ beliefs. To the question “When science disagrees with the teachings of your religion, which one do you believe ” 58 percent of North Americans favor religion; 33 percent science; and 6 percent say “it depends”.
But doubt in science is a feature, not a bug. Indeed, science, when properly ____33____, questions accepted facts and leads to both new knowledge and new questions—not certainty. Doubt does not ____34____ trust, nor does it help public understanding. So why should people trust a process that seems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions
As a historian of science, I would argue that it’s the responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show that the real power of science lies precisely in what is often ____35____as its weakness: its drive to question and challenge a possible explanation. Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world whenever new ____36____ emerges from either experimentation or observation. Scientific findings are hypotheses that contain the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of are challenged and even overturned. Doubt might be troubling, but it stimulates us towards a better understanding; certainties, as ____37____ as they may seem, in fact block the scientific process.
Scientists understand this, but in the ____38____ force between the public and science, there are two significant traps. One is a form of blind ____39____ — that is, a belief in the capacity of science to solve all problems. And the other is a form of relativism borne out of a lack of ____40____ in the very existence of truth.
答案
31. D 32. J 33. H 34. A 35. G 36. F 37. B 38. C 39. K 40.E
2021嘉定一模
A. debate B. obviously C. minimized D. digits E. feasible F. initiallyG. sales H. applied I. criticized J. inevitable K. basis
Criticisms of Space Tourism
Space tourism is actually not a new or even a 21st-century concept. NASA imagined the possibility of space tourism back in the 1970s. Space tourism was (31)________ a hopeful concept, one focused on increasing access for ordinary citizens to visit space. However, the modern space tourism industry looks different as early ticket (32) ________ by Virgin Galactic ranged from $200,000-$250,000; Blue Origin has not announced ticket prices, but it recently sold one seat for $28 million as part of a charity sale. This (33)________ prices access to space well outside the range of all but the extremely wealthy; it’s one of the primary criticisms of space tourism today.
Part of the reason spaceflight is so expensive is that just a few people are carried at a time. “If you want to get to get the price from $250,000 down to four (34)________, like an airline, you have to spread it over far more bodies,” Ron Epstein, an aerospace analyst. But it might be decades before companies get to that point. The costs for fuel and energy currently don’t make it (35)________ to offer space travel to large numbers of people.
Another complaint is that the funds spent on spaceflight might be better spent elsewhere such as solving problems here on Earth. Alan Ladwig, a writer, says this commentary is not without (36)________—or historical precedent ( 先例) as people said the same thing about NASA. “There has been criticism that money spent in space would be better (37)________ to other societal needs. This has been a matter of (38)________ for a range of space activities for the past 60 years and is not likely to change regardless of what happens with space tourism,” he says. And several items we take for granted like memory foam and scratch-resistant eyeglass lenses, came from NASA inventions.
Finally, space tourism is (39)________ for its environmental impact. “The most often talked about ‘harm’ involves pollution caused by black carbon from some spacecraft engines,” Ladwig explains. “Virgin Galactic has (40)________this problem, saying its impact on climate change is minor and that it also plans to invest in sustainable fuels for the future. Blue Origin’s engines rely on liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen that burns as water vapor. However, critics note that it still takes electricity to manufacture the fuels.”
答案
31. F 32. G 33. B 34. D 35. E 36. K 37. H 38. A 39. I 40. C
2021静安一模
A. confused B. adaptable C. floating D. decaying E. attempts F imitated G. attached H. signs I. samples J. relatively K. steady
Though it is not unusual to find marine animals under the Antarctica seafloor, researchers had always assumed that there would be few ____31____ of life farther away from open water and sunlight. However, the discovery of filter-feeding(滤食的) organisms — 160 miles away from the open ocean, with temperatures of -2.2°C and under complete darkness — suggests that life in the world's harshest environment may be more ____32____ than previously thought.
In 2017, BAS geologist James Smith and his colleagues conducted a three-month expedition to the middle of Antarctica's Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, to collect ____33____ of the seafloor deposits. The team drilled through the half-mile of ice by pumping almost 20,000 liters of hot water through a pipe. After about 20 hours of painstaking work, they were finally able to reach the seabed underneath.
However, when the scientists lowered the instrument, along with a camera, to collect the soil, it came up empty. After multiple failed ____34____ — each round trip taking about an hour — the researchers took a closer look at the footage and noticed a massive stone sitting amid the ____35____ flat seabed. Even more surprisingly, the rock was covered with stationary animals, like sponges(海绵) and potentially unknown species.
The finding has ____36____ many scientists given that certain organisms, such as sponges and coral polyps(珊瑚虫),which live their entire lives ____37____ to rocks, or other hard surfaces, need food supplies. In the open water, the "marine snow," as the food is called, comes from ____38____ organic matter, which drifts down from the upper waters to the deep ocean. However, the species in such depth are too far from the open sea to receive ____39____ supplies of nutrients. To make matters worse, due to the area's strong ocean currents, the food has to travel anywhere from 370 to 930 miles to get to them.
“This is by far the furthest under an ice shelf that we’ve seen any of these filter-feeding animals,” said Smith. “These things are stuck on a rock and only get fed if something comes ____40____ along."
答案
31-35 HBIEJ 36-40 AGDKC
2021闵行一模
A. grade B. commercialized C. demand D. unproductive E. sampledF. protected K.consumption G. process H. contributor I. transport J. cultivation
Eco-friendly, lab-grown coffee is on the way
Heiko Rischer isn’t quite sure how to describe the taste of lab-grown coffee. This summer he _____31_____ one of the first batches (批) in the world produced from cell cultures (细胞培养) rather than coffee beans.
“To describe it is difficult but, for me, it was in between a coffee and a black tea,” said Rischer, head of plant biotechnology at the VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, which ( https: / / www. / en ) developed the coffee. “It depends really on the roasting 32 , and this was a bit of a lighter roast, so it had a little bit more of a tea-like feeling.”
People have to wait before they can taste the coffee, as this cellular agriculture innovation is not yet approved for public ____33_____. Rischer predicts that VTT’s lab-grown coffee could get approval from the governments in Europe and the US in about four years’ time, paving the way for a ____34____ product that could have a much lower climate impact than conventional coffee.
The coffee industry is both a ____35____ to the climate crisis and very vulnerable (脆弱的) to its effects. Rising ____36____ for coffee has been linked to deforestation (砍伐森林) in ( https: / / www. / articles / s41559-021-01417-z.epdf sharing_token=x_DoT_F6k3dhT_zwIRE4DtRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0MFqPG3Hup0UdoBt27CZ-9Dsh28L5LJnoS7rm_cBtC65obA1C4W5aT1WA0TqVZZgYUVkNK9z42VisrVQi9f9ln0dgG12U8riUwYAA8YwjHzAFLrTrpkFQVTbfD_BLdwZxDm-5ocaldgn6ONNYYiHi3lz6RArJg1tVjxcLlBAfxkUOYwFEEYpy8zc5kI7nuQ-46-AYUNeXXlbj4XJ2tGiYXZlSHT1Gqz2gv4SrRrvsvgj-v0-3MtVxmJ0eMHdPdsPfrnr7Ju9qdZiE9-Attfc7QTD_ySBchhm2Hf3geiw94JlQ%3D%3D&tracking_referrer=news.mongabay.com ) developing nations, damaging biodiversity and releasing carbon emissions. At the same time, coffee producers are struggling with the impacts of more extreme weather ( https: / / www.theguardian.com / food / 2021 / sep / 30 / coffee-bean-price-spike-just-a-taste-of-whats-to-come-with-climate-change ), from frosts to droughts. It’s estimated that half of the land used to grow coffee could be ____37____ by 2050 ( https: / / www.science.org / content / article / climate-change-could-slash-coffee-production ) due to the climate crisis.
In response to the industry’s challenges, companies and scientists are trying to develop and commercialize coffee made without coffee beans.
VTT’s coffee is grown by floating cell cultures in bioreactors (生物反应堆) filled with a nutrient. The ____38____ requires no pesticides and has a much lower water footprint, said Rischer, and because the coffee can be produced in local markets, it cuts ____39____ emissions. The company is working on a life cycle analysis of the process. “Once we have those figures, we will be able to show that the environmental impact will be much lower than what we have with traditional ____40____,” Rischer said.
答案
31. E 32. A 33. K 34. B 35. H 36. C 37. D 38. G 39. I 40. J
2021浦东一模
A. housing B. leisurely C. sought D. reference E. primarily F. legG. winding H. wildly I. pioneered J. major K. highlight
18th Century Grand Tour of Europe
The Grand Tour began in the 16th century and gained popularity during the 17th century. Privileged(有特权的)young European graduates (31)_________ a trend where they traveled across the continent in search of art and cultural experiences upon their graduation. This practice, which grew to be (32)_________ popular, became known as the Grand Tour. Specialty guidebooks, tour guides, and other aspects of the tourist industry were developed during this time to meet the needs of wealthy 20-something male and female travelers as they explored the European continent.
These young, classically - educated Tourists were rich enough to fund multiple years abroad for themselves and they took full advantage of this. They carried letters of (33)_________ and introduction with them as they departed from southern England to communicate with and learn from people they met in other countries. Some Tourists (34)_________ to continue their education and broaden their horizons while abroad, some were just after fun and (35)_________ travels, but most desired a combination of both.
A typical journey through Europe was long and (36)_________ with many stops along the way. London was commonly used as a starting point and the Tour was usually kicked off with a difficult trip across the English Channel. Crossing the wide channel was and is not easy. 17th-and-18th-century Tourists risked sea-sickness, illness, and even shipwreck on this first (37)_________ of travel.
Grand Tourists were (38)_________ interested in visiting cities that were considered centers of culture at the time, so Paris, Rome, and Venice were not to be missed. The average Grand Tourist traveled from city to city, usually spending weeks in smaller cities and months in the three (39)_________ ones.
The vast majority of Tourists took part in similar activities during their exploration with art at the center of it all. Once a Tourist arrived at a destination, he would look for (40)_________ and settle in for anywhere from weeks to months, even years. Though certainly not an overly trying experience for most, the Grand Tour presented a unique set of challenges for travelers to overcome.
答案
31~35 IHDCB 36~40 GFEJA
2021普陀一模
A. displaced B. feature C. grouped D. headlines E. houseF. inevitable G. neutral K. withstand H. projected I. solution J.sustainable
Rainwater pouring into the New York City subway. Towns and roads in Pennsylvania overtaken by floodwater. These dramatic scenes made _____31_____ in September 2021. As many as 40.5 million people have already been _____32_____ by the effects of the climate crisis. Rising sea levels, along with extreme flooding, are putting more and more coastal residents and others at risk. By 2050, more than 1 billion people will live in countries that lack the basic systems and services to _____33_____ sea-level rise, according to the Institute for Economics and Peace. And all these climate refugees will need to seek out new homes on dry land.
One _____34_____ architects and others have been exploring with more urgency in recent years is to build floating cities. In 2019, the United Nations brought together a group of innovators. scientists, and marine engineers to discuss the future of _____35_____ sea-based communities. “As our climate and water ecosystems are changing, the way our cities retake to water needs to change, too,” said U.N. Deputy Secretary-General Amina J. Mohammed. “Floating cities are a means of ensuring climate adaption, as buildings can rise along with the sea.”
These cities can be designed as climate _____36_____. They can take advantage of plentiful wind and water power for electricity, and grow food using hydroponics(水耕法). “From traditional houseboat communities to high-tech experiments, there are many examples to learn from,” she added.
Some of these experimental floating cities are already in development. Another planned community that's attracting a lot of attention is Oceanix City, which is _____37_____ to have one-third of its 118 islands below sea level within 60 years.
Plans for Oceanix City _____38_____groups of hexagon-shaped(六边形)islands powered by solar and water energy. Tied to the seafloor, each human-made island would _____39_____ around 300 people; the islands would be _____40_____ together in communities of about 10,000residents. Oceanix citizens would drink processed ocean water and extracted humidity from the air, and dine on a ready supply of seafood.
答案
31-40 DAKIJGHBEC
2021青浦一模
A. inclusion B. significant C. exclude D. implement E. saving F. houseG. confirmed H. interconnected I. desirability J. ambitious K. concentrating
Plans revealed for high-tech “10-minute city” in Seoul
The idea of a “15-minute city”, in which residents can all reach work and leisure facilities within a quarter-hour walk — or cycle — of their homes, has gained _____31_____ attention among urban planners during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Now, a group of architects is planning an even more _____32_____ neighborhood in South Korea's capital, Seoul: a 10-minute city.
Named “Project H1”, the development is set to transform an old industrial site into a(n) _____33_____ “smart” city. Combining eight residential buildings with co-working offices and study spaces, the 125-acre district is also set to _____34_____ entertainment sites, fitness centers, swimming pools and even urban farms.
Designed by Dutch architecture firm UNStudio and backed by a real estate firm, the neighborhood will also be completely car-free. A press release for the project claimed that “all the conveniences of the city” will be within a 10-minute walk of people’s homes.
In a statement, UNStudio co-founder Ben van Berkel said that residents’ “daily life experience” is the project’s “top priority”.
“We do this through the _____35_____ of a rich density of uplifting, on-site experiences that provide an extensive range of options for how they can spend their living, working and leisure time, thereby also _____36_____ them the time needed to travel elsewhere in the city,” he is quoted as saying.
A spokesperson for UNStudio _____37_____ that project has been green-lit but did not reveal when it is likely to break ground.
The architects also said that clean energy will be produced on site, while systems to capture and store rain are being designed to reduce water use.
Critics have suggested that the concept could cause urban renewal by further _____38_____ wealth in the most accessible and convenient districts. The _____39_____ of “15-minute” neighborhoods may, in turn, result in home prices that _____40_____ low-income and marginalized communities. But the Covid-19 pandemic has seen growing interest in the concept.
答案
31-40 B J H F A E G K I C
2021松江一模
A. highlighting B. total C. enriched D. urgent E. relief F. perspective
G. ignoring H. altered I. filling J. separate K. downgraded
Chinese Women Bridging Gap
Zhang Jianli used to employ only male workers on his construction sites throughout Chifeng, Inner Mongolia. Now with large quantities of work but inadequate manpower, Mr. Zhang has 31_________ his mind. He offers daily wages of roughly 160 yuan for women workers to do such routine work as moving wood and bricks, and up to 200 yuan a day for 32_________ or complicated jobs.
A labor shortage is pushing employers to hire more women to build high-rises, maintain rail tracks and drive trucks, among other roles. Chinese women are 33_________ the labor shortage. They are increasingly taking on heavy-labor jobs long dominated by men in construction or transportation, 34_________ traditional gender roles.
Women’s presence on construction sites has grown a lot. As a consequence, employers have set up 35_________living spaces and bathrooms for them. About one-third of the workers on some construction sites in major cities are women, according to estimates by researchers who study China’s labor and gender issues. Just eight years ago, women accounted for just over one-tenth of the 36_________, according to a survey of over 6,000 construction workers in nine cities. Over time, the types of jobs performed by women have been 37_________ —truck driving and machine handling added to their working list.
State media, in recent years, have praised the roles of women working as truck drivers and construction workers, 38_________ their contribution to the economy. In July, Xinhua News Agency featured Xu Yingying, a kind-hearted woman truck driver, who delivered 39_________ materials to the virus-stricken Hubei province three times within nine days last year. “Having lived through so much, I feel that the best status of a woman is being self-independent, living to become a beam of light and warming others,” she shared her 40_________ in the video.
答案
31-40 H D I G J B C A E F
2021徐汇一模
A. diligently B. allowing C. reservations D. remotely E. launch F accommodate
G. expanded H. categories I. features J. announced K. upgrades
Airbnb updating app to add translations
Airbnb is making it easier for international travelers to book their stays as the United States reopens its borders to foreign travelers.
The short-term rental platform’s engine will automatically translate reviews and list descriptions i more than 60 languages. The feature is set to (31)______ before the end of the year.
The U.S. travel ban dropped Monday, (32) ______ vaccinated (注射疫苗的) travelers from dozens of nations to enter. Data from Airbnb shows this change is already causing interest in U.S. travel to rush. During the week after Oct. 15, when the United States (33) ______ it would drop its ban, the number of nights booked by foreign guests in the USA jumped 44%.
The translation engine is one of more than 50 (34) ______ the short-term rental platform introduced Tuesday. Some of them aim to make finding the perfect vacation spot easier for travelers with disabilities and remote workers.
Accessibility Review
Through Airbnb’s Accessibility Review, employees ensure that hosts follow through on the accessible (35) ______ they promise on their listings.
Hosts submit photos of step-free access or wide doorways that (36) ______ people who use wheelchairs to Airbnb employees for review. Airbnb employees have confirmed 100,000 accessibility features in 25,000 homes, according to the company.
More flexible searches
Airbnb (37) ______ the date range in which guests can search for stays from 6-12 months. Guests have used the “I’m Flexible” feature more than 500 million times, according to Airbnb.
The app will include four new (38) ______ of “unique stays” that guests can search for: off the grid, ski-in/ski-out, luxe and unconventional homes.
Verified Wi-Fi
The pandemic (传染病) has given more workers the ability to do their job from anywhere, which means they rely on Wi-Fi more than ever. In a 7,500-person survey, Airbnb found one-third plan to live somewhere else while working (39) ______ more often than before than pandemic.
Airbnb guests have used the Wi-Fi filter while searching for stays more than 288 million times according to the company. Hosts can have their internet speed tested through the app. You can be confident that you won’t miss a Zoom or a favorite streaming show from your Airbnb,” Airbnb said.
Upgraded trips tab
The “trips tab” on Airbnb will soon include a countdown to arrival, check-in details, current and upcoming (40) ______ and suggestions for personalized experiences.
答案
31-35 EBJKI 35-40 FGHDC
2021杨浦一模
A. engagement B. specific C. observed D. wandering E. resembled F. follow
G. implements H. finding I. improvements J. translate K. require
Brain Training through Virtual Reality
Scientists have long sought to prevent sharp memories from dulling with age, but the problem remains persistent. Now new research suggests virtual reality might help older people recall facts and events based on (31)_________ details.
The study involved 42 healthy older adults from the San Francisco Bay Area. Half spent a dozen hours over four weeks playing a virtual-reality game called Labyrinth; they wore headsets and walked in place, (32)_________ virtual neighbourhoods while completing tasks. The other half, in the control group, used electronic tablets to play games that didn’t (33)_________ finding positions or recalling details. After 15 sessions, the latter performed roughly the same as before on a long-term memory test based on picking out objects they had seen about an hour earlier. But the Labyrinth players’ scores rose, and they were less frequently tricked by objects that (34)_________ the ones they had viewed.
Those (35)_________ “brought them back up to the level of another group of younger adults who did the same memory tests,” says Peter Wais, the researcher who designed the VR game. The game likely stimulates the hippocampus — a brain area important for long-term memory. What the Wais’s team is trying to do is uniquely suited to VR,” says Meredith Thompson, who studies learning through VR games but was not involved in the new study. “VR can provide greater (36)_________ than other games,” she says, adding that after this proof-of-concept study, “it would be great to actually (37)_________ people over time and see what this type of game does for long-term memory.” Wais’s team is now investigating how long the (38)_________ effects last and which elements of the training have the most impact.
It remains unclear how test performance in a laboratory setting might (39)_________ to real-world situations. The outcome, needs to be repeated, ideally with a much larger group, before it’s treated as a strong (40)_________.
答案
31-30 B D K E I 36-40 A F C J H
2021长宁一模
A. abandoned B. adventure C. allow D. appreciate E. curving F. effortlessly G. exploring H. outlines I. relatively J. territory K. winds
Marvelous Mallorca
Located off the southern coast of Spain, the island of Mallorca is often praised as one of the jewels of the Mediterranean. As the Spanish royal family’s preferred summer vacation spot, Mallorca _____31_____ charms visitors with its beautiful villages and mountains covered in orange and lemon trees.
Since it is a(n) _____32_____ small island, Mallorca is best seen by bicycle. The Serra de Tramuntana Mountain range runs along the island’s north-western coast and covers nearly 30 percent of the island’s _____33_____, which makes it a cyclist’s dream.The _____34_____ roads that cross the tall peaks and rocky cliffs provide some of the most challenging cycling on the island.
However, most of the island’s visitors come to see Mallorca’s splendid coast. Though there are several busy beach resorts built specifically for tourists, you’re better off _____35_____ the 260 beaches around the island on your own. Along the south coast, you’ll find white sands and clear blue waters seemingly made just for diving. In the east, keep an eye out for hidden bays that _____36_____ for peaceful swimming even in high season.
Although Mallorca’s beaches have been its main attraction for many years, more recently, visitors have begun to appreciate the island’s cultural attractions too. Many of Mallorea’s grand old houses and _____37_____ farms are being turned into resorts where visitors can enjoy the relaxed lifestyle of the Mallorcan countryside.
Palma, Mallorca’s lively capital, is also home to many museums, historic buildings, and galleries. Here you’ll be able to _____38_____ paintings by great Spanish master such as Picasso, Dali, and Miro, whose former house in the city’s western district is open to visitors.
As the day _____39_____ down, spend an evening enjoying a freshly caught supper in one of Palma’s oceanfront restaurants while taking in a beautiful Mallorcan sunset. What better way to wrap up your Spanish _____40_____
答案
31.F 32.I 33.J 34.E 35.G 36.C 37.A 38.D 39.K 40.B
2021金山/奉贤一模
A.associated B. Additionally C. countless D. existence E. fundamental F. highlight
G. Meanwhile H. signal I. strengthened J. surprise K. uniquely
What Sociology Can Teach Us About Thanksgiving
Sociologists (社会学家) believe that the celebrations practiced within any given culture serve to restate that culture’s most important values and beliefs. This theory dates back to founding sociologist mile Durkheim and has been proved true by (31)__________ researchers over more than a century’s time. According to sociologists, by examining a celebration, we can come to understand some (32)__________ things about the culture in which it is practiced. In this spirit, let’s take a look at what Thanksgiving reveals about us.
It may not be much of a(n) (33)__________ that coming together to share a meal with loved ones indicates how important relationships with friends and family are in our culture, which is far from a(n) (34)__________ American thing. When we gather together to share in this holiday, we effectively say, “Your (35)__________ and our relationship is important to me,” and in doing so, that relationship is restated and (36)__________. But there are some less obvious and more interesting things going on too.
In most households across the U.S., women and girls do the work of preparing, serving, and cleaning up after the Thanksgiving meal. (37)__________, most men and boys are likely to be watching and/or playing football. Of course, neither of these activities are exclusively gendered, but they are generally so. This means that Thanksgiving serves to (38)__________ the distinct roles we believe men and women should play in society, and even what it means to be a man or a woman in our society today.
One of the most interesting sociological research findings is that overeating (39) __________with Thanksgiving illustrates American materialism and abundance. Sociologists found that the celebrations and how we talk about these experiences (40)__________ that Thanksgiving is really about celebrating “material abundance” — having a lot of stuff, especially food, available for use.
答案
31-40 CEJKD IGFAH