中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
定语从句
一．知识解析
在复合句中作定语,修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose等和关系副词when,where,why等。关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间,它既起连接作用,又充当从句中的一个成分。
关系词 作用 先行词 例句
that,who,whom 主语、宾语、表语 人 Do you know the girl has got an “A” in the exam 你知道考试中得“A”的那个女孩吗
that,which 主语、宾语、表语 物 She got a computer her parents bought for her.她有一台电脑,这台电脑是她父母给她买的。
whose 定语 人、物 The boy father is a doctor studies very hard.这个男孩学习非常刻苦,他爸爸是位医生。The room window is open is mine.开着窗户的那个房间是我的。
when 状语 时间 I still remember the day you left for Beijing.我仍然记得你动身去北京的那一天。
where 状语 地点 This is the school my mother works.这就是我妈妈工作的那个学校。
why 状语 原因 Could you explain the reason you were late 你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗
1.关系代词的用法
一般情况下,that既可指人又可指物,可以代替who,whom和which,在从句中作主语、表语或谓语动词的宾语;which指物,在从句中作主语、表语或谓语动词及介词的宾语;who在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;whom在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语。如:
A doctor is a person who looks after a patient.
先行词 主语 谓语 宾语
分析:who是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。
句意:医生就是照顾病人的人。
(1)下列情况下,先行词指物时,定语从句只能用that引导,不能用which引导:
①当先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时。如:
Is there anything you don’t understand 你有什么不懂的地方吗
Tom told his mother all that had happened.汤姆把发生的所有事情告诉了他的妈妈。
②当先行词前面有the only,the very,the last等修饰时。如:
This is the only book I can find.这是我能找到的唯一一本书。
③当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。如:
This is the best book I have ever read.这是我读过的最好的书。
④当先行词前面有only,all,any,no等修饰时。如:
I want to read all the books were written by Lu Xun.我想把鲁迅的著作全读完。
⑤当主句是以疑问词which开头的特殊疑问结构时。如:
Which is the hotel you like best 哪个是你最喜欢的旅店
(2)关系代词的省略
一般情况下,关系代词作宾语时可以省略,但关系代词which,whom在从句中作介词的宾语并且介词位于关系代词前时,不能省略。如:
I’ll never forget the day on I joined the club.我永远不会忘记我加入俱乐部的那一天。
注意:that,which,who在从句中作主语时,不能省略。如:
Who is the boy is talking with our teacher 正在和我们老师谈话的那个男孩是谁
2.关系副词的用法
(1)when表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。如:
I still remember the year you graduated from No. 8 Middle School.我依然记得你从八中毕业的那一年。
(2)why表示原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词。如:
We don’t know the reason he was late for school.
我们不知道他为什么上学迟到了。
(3)where表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。如:
That is the school I studied three years ago.
那是我三年前就读的学校。
题组训练
一、选择适当的词填空
1.The boy (who;whom;which)is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
2.The only e-mail (who;that;which)I received yesterday was from my sister.
3.I hate people (that;which;whom)talk much but do little.
4.The hotel (which;that;where)we stayed last summer is a good one.
5.Can you help me find some information about Einstein (which;who;whom)I can use for my report
6.This is the most amazing photo (which;that;who)I have ever seen.
随堂练习
一
一、用适当的关系代词填空。
1. This is the house in I lived ten years ago.
2. The man from I borrowed the book is Li Lei.
3. This is the car for he paid fifty thousand dollars.
4. He was surprised at you said to him yesterday afternoon.
二、用适当的介词填空。
1. Do you like the book which she paid $10
2. Do you like the book which she learned a lot
3. Do you like the book which she often talks
4. The library which students often study was on fire last night.
5. The reason which he didn’t come was that he was ill.
6. I’ll never forget the time which I lived in the countryside.
7. The woman whom Spielberg is married is an actress.
8. She didn’t know the teacher whom I turned for advice.
9. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest which is the Yellow River.
二
1. —Sally, which room would you like to _______________
—I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough.
A. live in; that B. live in; where C. live; that D. live; where
2. The factory _______________ I am going to is the place _______________ my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where; where B. where; which C. which; where D. which; which
3. Happiness and success often come to those _______________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. where B. who C. what D. which
4. —Sally, which room would you like to _______________
—I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough.
A. live in; that B. live in; where
C. live; that D. live; where
5. The factory _______________ I am going to is the place _______________ my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where; where B. where; which
C. which; where D. which; which
6. Happiness and success often come to those _______________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. where B. who C. what D. which
7. —_______________ is the teacher _______________ gave us the talk yesterday
—She is having a meeting.
A. Where; who B. Who; whose C. What; who D. What; which
8. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion _______________ you had with your dad yesterday.
A. what B. which C. when D. who
三
1. Carol said the work would be done by October, _______________ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
2. Dora was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course, _______________ made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. what
3. _______________ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
4. I want to use the same tools _______________ used in your factory a few days ago.
A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which
5. He is good at English, _______________ we all know.
A. that B. as C. whom D. what
6. I don’t like _______________ as you read.
A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels
7. _______________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
一
You need some bread and milk． But half an hour later， you leave the supermarket with a trolley（手推车） full of food．What games do supermarkets play to make us spend so much money？
The tricks （计谋）usually start before you walk in．Outside the supermarket entrance， anybody who walks past can smell warm， fresh bread． That makes us hungry and ready to buy lots of food， not just bread．
Now you're inside and， of course， a small basket would be fine， but all they have are trolleys． And of course the problem with a trolley is that it looks sad and lonely with just one or two product inside． So we may fill it with something． In fact， supermarket trolleys are actually getting bigger so that we buy more．
Of course， many people shop in supermarket because they think everything is cheaper than in other shops．So supermarkets offer very cheap prices on some things but then have higher prices for other products． One new trick is to put red tickers on products． Customers usually connect red stickers with lower prices so the red sticker is easy to be noticed，even when there is no reduction! Interestingly，this trick appears to work more with men than with women．
There is a story behind the position of everything in the supermarket． For example， customers often go only to buy milk． So they put it right at the back， forcing you to go past hundreds of shelves full of other products． The position of products on each shelf is also important． The most expensive products are usually at eye-level so you see these immediately． The exception（例外）is anything that children might like． These products are on lower shelves so that kids see them．
Apart from what you see and smell in supermarket， what about what you listen to？ In most supermarkets they have soft， slow music． It's so relaxing that you slow down and spend more time （and money!）in the store． You also move more slowly when the supermarket is busy． Experts suggest it's better to shop when it's quieter， on a Monday or a Tuesday for example． And be careful with queues（队伍）at the checkouts（付款台）． These are sometimes deliberate（故意），to make you buy something from the checkout shelves while you wait．
So， next time you go into your local supermarket， remember these ticks and see if you can come with just the things you went for．
Smells from bread in the supermarket ______ ．
A. make you feel hungry and buy more food
B. draw your attention to bread only
C. make you buy less bread than you need
D. force you to leave the supermarket
According to the passage， supermarkets put red stickers on products to ______ ．
A. make them look more beautiful
B. make them different from cheaper ones
C. make people think the stickers are for men
D. make people think they could save money
According to the passage， toys for children are usually placed ______ ．
A. on higher shelves B. on each shelf
C. on lower shelves D. on the back shelves
It can be learned from Paragraph 6 that supermarkets usually ______ ．
A. stop people lining up at the checkouts
B. close on Monday morning
C. play loud and noisy music inside
D. make customers feel relaxed
The passage is mainly about ______ ．
A. several ways supermarkets use to sell more products
B. some advice when people go shopping on the street
C. several rules that every business should follow
D. some advertisements that make people buy more
二
Australia is the largest island in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is in the south of the earth. Australia is big,but its population is small. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai.
Enough laws（法律）have been made to fight against pollution. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well.
Last month we visited Perth，the biggest city in Western Australia，and went to a wild flowers’ exhibition（展览）.There we saw a large number of wild flowers we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. In spring,every year Perth has the wild flowers’ exhibition.
After visiting Perth,we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill,it was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves. Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path.
Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos. After a short drive from any town,you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. Sheep,sheep,everywhere are sheep.
1.Perth is______.
A.the capital of Australia B.in the west of Australia
C.in the east of Australia D.the biggest city in Western Australia
2. In Perth you may visit a wild flowers’ exhibition in______.
A.October B.January C.May D.July
3.Which of the following sentences is TRUE
A.All the big cities in Australia are seriously polluted.
B.Australia is famous for its sheep,kangaroos and large population.
C.We ran back to the car because we were in the middle of the white sheep.
D.If you go to the countryside in Australia,you will see a large number of white sheep.
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定语从句
一．知识解析
在复合句中作定语,修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose等和关系副词when,where,why等。关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间,它既起连接作用,又充当从句中的一个成分。
关系词 作用 先行词 例句
that,who,whom 主语、宾语、表语 人 Do you know the girl who/that has got an “A” in the exam 你知道考试中得“A”的那个女孩吗
that,which 主语、宾语、表语 物 She got a computer which/that her parents bought for her.她有一台电脑,这台电脑是她父母给她买的。
whose 定语 人、物 The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.这个男孩学习非常刻苦,他爸爸是位医生。The room whose window is open is mine.开着窗户的那个房间是我的。
when 状语 时间 I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.我仍然记得你动身去北京的那一天。
where 状语 地点 This is the school where my mother works.这就是我妈妈工作的那个学校。
why 状语 原因 Could you explain the reason why you were late 你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗
1.关系代词的用法
一般情况下,that既可指人又可指物,可以代替who,whom和which,在从句中作主语、表语或谓语动词的宾语;which指物,在从句中作主语、表语或谓语动词及介词的宾语;who在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;whom在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语。如:
A doctor is a person who looks after a patient.
先行词 主语 谓语 宾语
分析:who是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。
句意:医生就是照顾病人的人。
(1)下列情况下,先行词指物时,定语从句只能用that引导,不能用which引导:
①当先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时。如:
Is there anything(that)you don’t understand 你有什么不懂的地方吗
Tom told his mother all that had happened.汤姆把发生的所有事情告诉了他的妈妈。
②当先行词前面有the only,the very,the last等修饰时。如:
This is the only book that I can find.这是我能找到的唯一一本书。
③当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。如:
This is the best book that I have ever read.这是我读过的最好的书。
④当先行词前面有only,all,any,no等修饰时。如:
I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun.我想把鲁迅的著作全读完。
⑤当主句是以疑问词which开头的特殊疑问结构时。如:
Which is the hotel that you like best 哪个是你最喜欢的旅店
(2)关系代词的省略
一般情况下,关系代词作宾语时可以省略,但关系代词which,whom在从句中作介词的宾语并且介词位于关系代词前时,不能省略。如:
I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the club.我永远不会忘记我加入俱乐部的那一天。
注意:that,which,who在从句中作主语时,不能省略。如:
Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher 正在和我们老师谈话的那个男孩是谁
2.关系副词的用法
(1)when表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。如:
I still remember the year when you graduated from No. 8 Middle School.我依然记得你从八中毕业的那一年。
(2)why表示原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词。如:
We don’t know the reason why he was late for school.
我们不知道他为什么上学迟到了。
(3)where表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。如:
That is the school where I studied three years ago.
那是我三年前就读的学校。
题组训练
一、选择适当的词填空
1.The boy who (who;whom;which)is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
2.The only e-mail that (who;that;which)I received yesterday was from my sister.
3.I hate people that (that;which;whom)talk much but do little.
4.The hotel where (which;that;where)we stayed last summer is a good one.
5.Can you help me find some information about Einstein which (which;who;whom)I can use for my report
6.This is the most amazing photo that (which;that;who)I have ever seen.
随堂练习
一
一、用适当的关系代词填空。
1. This is the house in I lived ten years ago.
2. The man from I borrowed the book is Li Lei.
3. This is the car for he paid fifty thousand dollars.
4. He was surprised at you said to him yesterday afternoon.
1. which 2. whom 3. which 4. What
二、用适当的介词填空。
1. Do you like the book which she paid $10
2. Do you like the book which she learned a lot
3. Do you like the book which she often talks
4. The library which students often study was on fire last night.
5. The reason which he didn’t come was that he was ill.
6. I’ll never forget the time which I lived in the countryside.
7. The woman whom Spielberg is married is an actress.
8. She didn’t know the teacher whom I turned for advice.
9. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest which is the Yellow River.
1. for 2. from 3. about
4. in 5. for 6. during
7. to 8. to 9. of
二
1. —Sally, which room would you like to _______________
—I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough.
A. live in; that B. live in; where C. live; that D. live; where
2. The factory _______________ I am going to is the place _______________ my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where; where B. where; which C. which; where D. which; which
3. Happiness and success often come to those _______________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. where B. who C. what D. which
4. —Sally, which room would you like to _______________
—I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough.
A. live in; that B. live in; where
C. live; that D. live; where
5. The factory _______________ I am going to is the place _______________ my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where; where B. where; which
C. which; where D. which; which
6. Happiness and success often come to those _______________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. where B. who C. what D. which
7. —_______________ is the teacher _______________ gave us the talk yesterday
—She is having a meeting.
A. Where; who B. Who; whose C. What; who D. What; which
8. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion _______________ you had with your dad yesterday.
A. what B. which C. when D. who
1. A【解析】根据which room would you like to可知这里考查live的用法，live 是一个不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语，如果跟宾语的话，需要加其它的词，在这里room作它的宾语，表示住在这个房间里，所以需要加介词in；再根据I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough，本部分考查的是定语从句，room是先行词，定语从句中缺少主语，that可作主语，where, how, in which不可作主语。选A。
2. C【解答】考查定语从句的辨析。where 引导的定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，等于介词+which；which哪一个，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语，一般指物。根据题意可知，先行词为factory，指物，going to后面缺少一个宾语，故用which引导此定语从句；句子表语the place是第二个空格的先行词，而后面my mother used to work many years ago缺少的是地点状语，与先行词the place之间要用介词in连接，在定语从句中in which可用where表达，故用where引导，故选C。
3. B【解答】本句考查的是定语从句。先行词是those＂那些人＂，指人，同时引导词又在后面的定语从句中作主语，故用who。
4. A【解析】根据 which room would you like to，可知这里考查 live 的用法，live是一个不及物动词， 后面不能直接跟宾语，如果跟宾语的话，需要加其它的词，在这里room作它的宾语，表示住在这个房间里，所以需要加介词 in；再根据I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough，本部分考查的是定语从句，room是先行词，定语从句中缺少主语。that 可作主语，where、how、in which 不可作主语。故选A。
5. C【解析】本题考查定语从句的辨析. where 引导的定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，等于介词+which；which，哪一个，引导的定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语， 一般指物. 根据题意可知，先行词为 factory，指物，going to 后面缺少一个宾语 故用 which 引导此定语从句；句子表语 the place 真是第二个空格的先行词，而后面 my mother used to work many years ago 缺少的是地点状语，与先行词 the place 要用介词 in 连接， 在定语从句中 in which 可用 where 表达，故用 where 引导，故选C。
6. B【解析】本句考查的是定语从句：先行词是 those＂那些人＂，指人，同时引导 词又在后面的定语从句中作主语，故用 who。
7. A【解析】第一个空：where 询问的是地点；who 询问的是人物；what 引导宾 语从句，做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语；根据回答 She is having a meeting（她正在开会） 可知，问题应该是问那个老师在哪里，所以第一个空格填 where。 第二个空：结合句意及句子特点可知为定语从句，先行词为 the teacher，表人；who 引 导的定语从句，在从句里做主语的成分，whose 意思是＂谁的＂表物主，作定语；which 的先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据题意可知，先行词是 the teacher，引导词在从 句里做主语的成分，所以应用 who. 综合起来，故选 A。
8. B【解析】what不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；when关系副词，指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；根据the discussion you had with your dad yesterday.可知本句中先行词是discussion，指物，是定语从句的宾语，所以应该用 which，故选B。
三
1. Carol said the work would be done by October, _______________ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
2. Dora was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course, _______________ made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. what
3. _______________ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
4. I want to use the same tools _______________ used in your factory a few days ago.
A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which
5. He is good at English, _______________ we all know.
A. that B. as C. whom D. what
6. I don’t like _______________ as you read.
A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels
7. _______________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
1. D 【解析】句意：卡罗说这个工作截止到10月必须做完，我对此非常怀疑。本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是空格前一整句话，故用关系代词which引导。
2. B 【解析】句意：多拉总是高度评价她在这个剧中的角色，当然，这令其他人不开心。本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是空格前一整句话，故用关系代词which引导。故选B。
3. B【解析】句意：正如上面提到的，高中学生的数量正在增加。引导非限制性定语从句用在句首时，只能用as，故选B。
4. C【解析】as引导定语从句时通常构成such...as或the same...as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可作主语、表语或宾语。
5. C【解析】句意：众所周知，他很擅长英语。as we all know众所周知，为固定搭配。故选C。
6. C【解析】as引导定语从句时通常构成such...as或the same...as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。such修饰单数名词时，要用such a...，本题中such books，such直接修饰复数名词。
7. B【解析】句意：众所周知，月亮每个月围绕地球转一次。As is known to everybody众所周知，为固定短语，故选B。
一
You need some bread and milk． But half an hour later， you leave the supermarket with a trolley（手推车） full of food．What games do supermarkets play to make us spend so much money？
The tricks （计谋）usually start before you walk in．Outside the supermarket entrance， anybody who walks past can smell warm， fresh bread． That makes us hungry and ready to buy lots of food， not just bread．
Now you're inside and， of course， a small basket would be fine， but all they have are trolleys． And of course the problem with a trolley is that it looks sad and lonely with just one or two product inside． So we may fill it with something． In fact， supermarket trolleys are actually getting bigger so that we buy more．
Of course， many people shop in supermarket because they think everything is cheaper than in other shops．So supermarkets offer very cheap prices on some things but then have higher prices for other products． One new trick is to put red tickers on products． Customers usually connect red stickers with lower prices so the red sticker is easy to be noticed，even when there is no reduction! Interestingly，this trick appears to work more with men than with women．
There is a story behind the position of everything in the supermarket． For example， customers often go only to buy milk． So they put it right at the back， forcing you to go past hundreds of shelves full of other products． The position of products on each shelf is also important． The most expensive products are usually at eye-level so you see these immediately． The exception（例外）is anything that children might like． These products are on lower shelves so that kids see them．
Apart from what you see and smell in supermarket， what about what you listen to？ In most supermarkets they have soft， slow music． It's so relaxing that you slow down and spend more time （and money!）in the store． You also move more slowly when the supermarket is busy． Experts suggest it's better to shop when it's quieter， on a Monday or a Tuesday for example． And be careful with queues（队伍）at the checkouts（付款台）． These are sometimes deliberate（故意），to make you buy something from the checkout shelves while you wait．
So， next time you go into your local supermarket， remember these ticks and see if you can come with just the things you went for．
Smells from bread in the supermarket ______ ．
A. make you feel hungry and buy more food
B. draw your attention to bread only
C. make you buy less bread than you need
D. force you to leave the supermarket
According to the passage， supermarkets put red stickers on products to ______ ．
A. make them look more beautiful
B. make them different from cheaper ones
C. make people think the stickers are for men
D. make people think they could save money
According to the passage， toys for children are usually placed ______ ．
A. on higher shelves B. on each shelf
C. on lower shelves D. on the back shelves
It can be learned from Paragraph 6 that supermarkets usually ______ ．
A. stop people lining up at the checkouts
B. close on Monday morning
C. play loud and noisy music inside
D. make customers feel relaxed
The passage is mainly about ______ ．
A. several ways supermarkets use to sell more products
B. some advice when people go shopping on the street
C. several rules that every business should follow
D. some advertisements that make people buy more
1．【答案】A．
【解析】细节理解题．根据第二段Outside the supermarket entrance， anybody who walks past can smell warm， fresh bread． That makes us hungry and ready to buy lots of food， not just bread．在超市门口，任何路过的人都能闻到新鲜的热面包的味道，这让我们感到饥饿，准备买很多食物，而不仅仅是面包．可知，超市里面包的味道让你觉得饿了，买更多的食物．选A．
2．【答案】D．
【解析】细节理解题．根据第四段One new trick is to put red tickers on products． Customers usually connect red stickers with lower prices so the red sticker is easy to be noticed， even when there is no reduction! 一个新的诀窍是在产品上贴红色的标签．顾客通常把红色的标签和较低的价格联系起来，这样即使没有降价，红色的标签也很容易被注意到！可知，超市在产品上贴上红色的标签，让人们认为他们可以省钱．选D．
3．【答案】C．
【解析】细节理解题．根据第五段 The most expensive products are usually at eye-level so you see these immediately． The exception is anything that children might like． These products are on lower shelves so that kids see them．最昂贵的产品通常都是在眼睛水平，所以你可以马上看到这些．例外是孩子们可能喜欢的任何东西．这些产品在较低的货架上，这样孩子们就能看到它们．可知，儿童玩具通常放在较低的架子上．选C．
4．【答案】D．
【解析】段意猜测题．根据第六段In most supermarkets they have soft， slow music． It's so relaxing that you slow down and spend more time （and money!）in the store．在大多数超级市场，他们都有轻柔、缓慢的音乐．这是如此的放松，以至于你放慢了速度，花了更多的时间（和金钱）在商店里．可知，超市通常让顾客感到放松．选D．
5．【答案】A．
【解析】主旨大意题．根据第一段You need some bread and milk． But half an hour later， you leave the supermarket with a trolley（手推车） full of food．What games do supermarkets play to make us spend so much money？你需要一些面包和牛奶．但半小时后，你离开超市时，手推车里装满了食物．超市玩什么游戏来让我们花这么多钱？可知，作者列举了超市会推出各种促销手段，包括通过手推车，贴红色的标签，把贵重的物品摆在明面，放舒缓的音乐等让你多购物，因此，短文主要介绍超市销售更多产品的几种方式．选A．
二
Australia is the largest island in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is in the south of the earth. Australia is big,but its population is small. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai.
Enough laws（法律）have been made to fight against pollution. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well.
Last month we visited Perth，the biggest city in Western Australia，and went to a wild flowers’ exhibition（展览）.There we saw a large number of wild flowers we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. In spring,every year Perth has the wild flowers’ exhibition.
After visiting Perth,we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill,it was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves. Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path.
Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos. After a short drive from any town,you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. Sheep,sheep,everywhere are sheep.
1.Perth is______.
A.the capital of Australia B.in the west of Australia
C.in the east of Australia D.the biggest city in Western Australia
2. In Perth you may visit a wild flowers’ exhibition in______.
A.October B.January C.May D.July
3.Which of the following sentences is TRUE
A.All the big cities in Australia are seriously polluted.
B.Australia is famous for its sheep,kangaroos and large population.
C.We ran back to the car because we were in the middle of the white sheep.
D.If you go to the countryside in Australia,you will see a large number of white sheep.
【答案】B
【解析】 由第三段第一句可确定。
【答案】A
由第三段的In spring,every year Perth has the wild flowers’ exhibition.可知花展在春 天举行。澳大利亚的春天是9至11月。
【答案】
D 由文章整体理解可知：在澳大利亚如果你去农村，会看到很多白色的羊群。
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