中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Modules 1－4
词汇拓展
wonder n. 奇观；奇迹→wonder v. 想知道→wonderful adj. 奇妙的；精彩的
east n. 东边；东方→eastern adj. 在东边的；来自东边的
silent adj. 寂静的→silence n. 沉默；无声
nearly adv.几乎；差不多→almost (同义词)
discuss v. 讨论→discussion n. 讨论；商讨
remain v. 逗留；留下→remaining adj. 剩下的；剩余的
twentieth num. 第二十→twenty (基数词)
lay v. 摆放(餐桌)→laid (过去式)→laid (过去分词)
Canada 加拿大→Canadian adj. 加拿大(人)的→Canadian n. 加拿大人
happy adj. 高兴的→unhappy (反义词)不高兴的→happiness n. 高兴；幸福
manage v. 做成；(尤指)设法完成→manager n. 经理
amaze v. 使惊奇→amazing adj. 惊人的；极好的→amazed adj. 感到惊奇的
die v. 消失；死亡→death n. 死亡→dead adj. 死的；无生命的→dying adj. 垂死的；即将死亡的
operation n. 手术 →operate v. 做手术；操作
including prep. 包含；包括→include v. 包括；包含→included adj. 包含在内的
随堂练习
一．用所给词的适当形式填空
1.I have something important to (discussion)with you through video talk.
2.Huai’an is a city with a long history and it lies in the (eastern) of China.
3.It rained heavily yesterday.The river (rise) two feet already.
4.When you compared the man-made flowers with (nature) ones,you can hardly tell the difference.
5.When I got home yesterday afternoon,it (rain )hard.
【答案】1.discuss 2.east 3.has risen 4.natural 5.was raining
二．重点词组
in one's opinion按某人的意见；据某人看来
more than超过
go through穿过
fall away突然向下倾斜
natural wonders自然奇观
look across眺望；向对面看
go down(日、月)落到地平线下，落下
be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事
at the bottom of…在……的底部
look forward to期待
dozens of很多；许多
since then从那以后
take a vacation去度假
as soon as一……就……
lay the table摆放餐桌
give thanks for…对……表示感谢
at the beginning起初；首先
make a wish许愿
give up放弃(努力)
die for为……而死
as well as既……又……
manage to do sth.成功做某事
(be) in need of需要；需求
set off出发；动身
get away逃跑；逃走
on business出差
wake up醒；醒来
hand in提交；上交
be careful with 注意；当心
come true实现；成为现实
be unable to do sth.不能做某事
tidy up收拾好；整理干净
wait for等待；等候
be bored with对……感到厌烦
depend on依靠；依赖
see sb.off给某人送行
fight with sb.和某人打架
by accident偶然；意外地
point out指出
40.make sure确保
随堂练习
一．完成句子
1.刚才他们都加入了唱歌。
They all singing the song just now.
2.我确定每天有数百万的人收发电子邮件。
I’m sure people receive and send emails every day.
3.我们站在了山顶上。
We stood the mountain.
4.迈克穿过公园到了家。
Mike the park and got to his home.
5.在我看来,这是最有趣的书之一。
,this is one of the most interesting books.
6.从那以后,李先生为贫穷的孩子们筹集了许多钱。
Mr.Li has raised a lot of money for the poor children .
7.水上乐园是度假的好地方。
Water Park is a great place .
8.这些男孩昨天在公园里玩得高兴。
The boys in the park yesterday.
9.杰克,你为什么饭前不摆放餐桌
Jack,why don’t you before the meal
10.她对朋友们来参加聚会表示感谢。
She her thanks her friends for coming to the party.
【答案】1.joined in 2.millions of 3.on top of 4.went through 5.In my opinion6.since then 7.to take a vacation8.had fun 9.lay the table 10.gave/expressed;to
重点句型
I've never seen it，so I'm not sure I agree with you.我从没有见过它(巨人之路)，所以我不确定是否同意你的观点。
While we're staying with our friends，we're going to spend one day in Qingdao.当我们和我们的朋友们待在一起的时候，我们打算在青岛过上一天。
Before we begin dinner，my father gives thanks for the food.在我们开始晚餐前，我的父亲表达了对食物的谢意。
When it is all over，everyone helps wash the dishes.当晚餐结束的时候，每个人都帮忙洗餐具。
And my family always go somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday begins.假期一开始，我们全家就会去某个好玩的地方。
We have celebrated the festival since the first pioneers from England arrived in America.自首批英格兰拓荒者乘船抵达美洲大陆之后，我们就一直庆祝这个节日。
After they landed，their first winter was worse than any English winter.他们抵达后，他们过的第一个冬天比任何一次英国的冬天都要糟糕。
Many people were dying because they did not get to hospital quickly enough.一些人正濒临死亡的边缘，因为他们没有足够迅速地到达医院。
There were few doctors，so he had to work very hard on his own.医生很少，所以他不得不很辛苦地独自工作。
I can look after myself，although it won't be easy for me.我能照顾自己，虽然那对我来说并不容易。
Although they loved me，I felt a bit unhappy with them.虽然他们爱我，我却对他们有点儿埋怨。
Deng says that she isn't cleverer than anyone else，but she has a very strong will.邓(亚萍)说她并不比别人聪明，但是她有非常坚强的意志。
I think she's a good student as well as a good player.我觉得她不仅是一个出色的运动员，而且还是一个好学生。
I also learn from him that great men never give up，no matter what difficulties they face.我从他身上也学到了伟人们无论遇到什么困难都不放弃(的精神)。
Although my parents were very worried about leaving me，they had to go away on business for a few days.虽然我的父母因离开我而感到担心，但是他们不得不出差离开几天。
随堂练习
句型转换
1.The boy was too young to go to school.(改为同义句)
The boy was young he go to school.
2.He worked hard,but he failed the exam.(改为同义句)
he worked hard,he failed the exam.
3.My sister will take care of my cat when I am on holiday.(改为同义句)
My sister will my cat when I am on holiday.
4.They always worry about their son.(改为同义句)
They are always their son.
5.Dick’s alarm clock rang so loudly that it woke him up early this morning.(改为同义句)
Dick’s alarm clock rang loudly him up early this morning.
【答案】1.so;that;couldn’t 2.Although 3.look after 4.worried about 5.enough to wake
知识拓展
1．wonder n. 奇观；奇迹
【点拨】wonder 既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词。表示“奇观；奇迹”时是可数名词，表示“惊奇；惊叹”时是不可数名词。如：
Victoria Falls in Africa are one of the natural wonders of the world.非洲的维多利亚瀑布是世界自然奇观之一。
The sight of Taj Mahal filled us with wonder.看见泰姬陵，我们充满了惊叹之情。
【拓展】(1)wonder还可以作及物动词，意为“想知道；对……感到怀疑”。常见用法有：
①后接who，what，why等疑问词引导的宾语从句或“疑问词＋不定式”结构，表示“想知道”。如：
The teacher wondered why she was late for the class.老师想知道她为什么上课迟到。
②后接that引导的宾语从句或不定式短语时，表示“对……感到惊奇或惊讶”。that常可以省略。如：
I wonder (that) he has won the race.我对他赢得比赛感到惊讶。
I wonder to see you here.在这儿见到你，我感到惊讶。
③后接if或whether引导的宾语从句，用于有礼貌地询问。如：
I wonder if you would mind giving me a hand.我想知道你是否介意帮助我。
(2)wonderful为wonder的形容词形式，意为“奇妙的；精彩的”。其副词形式为wonderfully。如：
It's such a wonderful story that I want to read it again.这是一个如此精彩的故事，以至于我想再读一遍。
【即时训练】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
There are seven of the world.I which one is the most ．(wonder)
【答案】wonders ，wonder，wonderful
2．among prep. 在……之中
【辨析】 among与between
(1)among用作介词，强调三者或三者以上的人或物之间。如：
I found my English teacher among the students.我在学生群中发现了英语老师。
(2)between强调两者之间。如：
Her seat is between us.她的位子在我们两个之间。
【即时训练】
用between或among填空。
(1)I found my kite all the kites.
(2)The boy is standing Lily and Lucy.
【答案】among，between
3．lay v. 摆放(餐桌)
【点拨】
单词 现在分词 过去式 过去分词
lie
躺 lying lay lain
位于 lying lay lain
撒谎 lying lied lied
lay
放置；安放 laying laid laid
产(卵)；下(蛋) laying laid laid
lie 名词 谎话；谎言 /
如：
He lay on the beach.他躺在沙滩上。
The cinema lies in the centre of the city.电影院位于市中心。
She lied to her mother.她对她妈妈撒谎了。
He laid the egg on the table carefully.他小心地把鸡蛋放在桌子上。
The cock never lays eggs.公鸡从不会下蛋。
【拓展】lay out表示“铺开；摆开；布置”，如：
He laid the drawing out on the table.他把画铺在了桌子上。
【即时训练】
根据句意分别在括号内写出画线单词的意思。
The boy (撒谎)that he (放置)an apple near the man (躺)on the road.
【答案】lied，laid，lying
4．I've never seen it，so I'm not sure I agree with you.我从来没有看见过它，所以我不确定是否同意你的观点。
【点拨】
(1)be sure＋(that)从句，表示“确信……”。通常可与be sure of 或be sure to do结构互换。如：
I'm sure that he will come tomorrow.
＝I'm sure of his coming tomorrow.
＝He's sure to come tomorrow.我确信他明天回来。
(2)agree with sb.表示“同意某人(的观点、看法等)”。如：
—I think we should plant more trees to protect our environment.我认为我们应该种更多的树来保护我们的环境。
—I agree with you.我同意你的观点。
【即时训练】
第(1)题根据汉语意思完成句子
我确信他将会在下午5点来机场接我。I he will pick me up at the airport at 5 pm.
【答案】am sure
5．…we'll stay there until the end of the holiday.……我们将一直待到假期结束的时候。
【点拨】此句中，until用作介词，后接表示时间点的词，意为“(某动作或状态的持续)到……止；在……之前”。既可用在肯定句中，也可用在否定句中。如：
She finished her homework until twelve o'clock last night.昨晚她在十二点前完成了家庭作业。
The noise didn't stop until midnight.噪音一直到午夜才停止。
【拓展】在英语中，until也可用作连词。用于肯定句时，表示“(某动作或状态的持续)直到(另一动作或状态出现)之前”；用于否定句时，常构成“not…until”这个常见结构，表示“直到……才……”。口语中，还可使用till代替until。如：
He lived with his parents until he got married.他与父母住在一起，直到结婚为止。
You can't open the door until the bus stops.公共汽车停下来你才能打开车门。
【即时训练】
句型转换。
I went to bed after my father came back.(改为同义句)
I go to bed my father came back.
【答案】didn't，until
6．And my family always go somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday begins.假期一开始，我们全家就会去某个好玩的地方。
【点拨】
(1)somewhere interesting表示“有趣的某个地方”。当形容词修饰不定代词或不定副词的时候，形容词要放在不定代词或不定副词的后面。如：
Is there anything special in today's newspaper？今天的报纸上有一些特别的东西吗？
Let's go somewhere warm for vacation.我们去温暖的地方度假吧。
(2)as soon as表示“一……就……”，常用来引导时间状语从句。当主句为一般将来时态时，从句常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态；当主句为一般过去时态时，从句根据具体情况选用一般过去时或过去完成时。如：
I will tell him the good news as soon as he comes back.他一回来，我就告诉他这个好消息。
The dog shook its tail as soon as he came in.他一进门，狗就开始摇尾巴。
【即时训练】
根据汉语提示补全句子。
(1)I have (一些重要的事)to tell you.
(2)我一到美国就给你打电话。
I will ring you up I arrive in America.
【答案】something important，as soon as
7．People make short speeches and give thanks for their food.人们作简短的致辞，为食物而感恩。
【点拨】
(1)make (short/long…) speeches表示“作(简短的/冗长的……)演讲”，其中，动词make还可以换为give。如：
The mayor will make/give a speech for all people on the radio.市长将通过收音机给全体人民作演讲。
(2)give thanks (to sb.) for (doing) sth.表示“对(某人做了)某事表示感谢”，这里thanks用作名词。give也可以换成其他动词。如：
She expressed her thanks to her friends for coming to the party.她对朋友们来参加聚会表示感谢。
【即时训练】
用适当的介词填空。
Mother's Day，we should give thanks our mothers what they have done for us.
【答案】On，to ，for
8．including prep. 包含；包括
【辨析】include，including与included
(1)include为动词，意为“包括；包含”，在句中充当谓语。如：
The price includes tax.这个价钱包括税款。
(2)including除了是include的现在分词外，一般用作介词，和名词或代词构成介宾短语，意为“包括……在内”。如：
There are twenty apples in the basket including yours.篮子里有20个苹果，包括你的在内。
(3)included为形容词，意为“包括……在内的”，常位于句末。宾语＋included＝including＋宾语。如：
We have seven subjects at school，maths included.＝We have seven subjects at school including maths.我们要学包括数学在内的七个科目。
【即时训练】
用include的适当形式填空。
(1)The university ten colleges.
(2)The band played many songs， my favourite one.
(3)There are seven football players in each team，a goalkeeper ．
【答案】includes，including，included
9．manage v. 做成；设法完成
【点拨】manage做动词，意为“能解决问题或应付困难局面等”。常用结构manage to do sth.意为“成功做成某事”，强调成功的结果。如：
Luckily，the doctor managed to save the man who was badly hurt in the accident.幸运地是，医生成功地挽救了事故中严重受伤的那个男人。
注意：try to do sth.表示“尽力去做某事”，成功与否不可知。如：
We should try to learn English well.我们应该尽力学好英语。
【即时训练】
第(1)题用所给词的适当形式填空；第(2)题根据汉语提示补全句子。
(1)Though she herself was scared，she managed (make) the children calm down.
(2)When I am on the beach，I used to always look around for a charger and never (设法完成) to find any and the water never stays cool.
【答案】to make ， managed
10．turn off关掉；关闭(设备)
【点拨】turn off表示“关掉(电器的电源)”，若其后接的宾语为代词时，必须放在turn off之间。其反义词组为turn on，意为“打开(电器的电源)”。如：
I want to watch TV.Please turn it on.我想看电视。请打开它。
【拓展】turn up表示“调大(声音的音量、响度等) ”，其反义词组为 turn down，意为“调小(声音的音量、响度等) ”。如：
The baby is sleeping.Would you mind turning down the TV？孩子正在睡觉。你介意把电视的音量调小一些吗？
【即时训练】
根据汉语意思完成句子。
当你离开房间的时候，请关掉灯。
Please the light when you leave your room.
【答案】turn off
11．be worried about担心
【点拨】be worried about 为形容词短语，其中worried为worry的形容词形式，意为“担心的；担忧的”，常用于修饰人。如：
I'm worried about my English exam.我担心我的英语考试。
【拓展】worry about也可表示“担心；忧虑”，为动词短语，后接名词、代词或动词 ing形式作宾语。通常可与be worried about 互换使用。如：
They worry about missing the last bus.＝They are worried about missing the last bus.他们担心错过最后一班公交车。
【即时训练】
句型转换。
Don't worry about your father's health.He is better now.(改为同义句)
Don't your father's health.He is better now.
【答案】be worried about
12．Whatever she does，she never gives up！无论做什么，她都不放弃！
【点拨】
(1)whatever是连词，相当于no matter what，意为“无论什么；不管怎样”。其用法主要有以下几种：
①引导名词性从句。如：
Whatever she did was right.她做的一切都是对的。(主语从句)
You may do whatever you like.你可以做你喜欢的任何事。(宾语从句)
What he wants to get is whatever you have.他想得到的是你拥有的一切。(表语从句)
②引导让步状语从句。如：
Whatever happened，I must be calm.不管发生什么情况，我都要镇静。
(2)give up意为“放弃”，为动副短语。既可单独使用，也可接名词、代词或动词 ing形式作宾语，当代词作宾语时，该代词须位于give与up中间。如：
David has decided to give up football at the end of this year.大卫已经决定今年年底就不再踢足球了。
You must give up smoking.It's bad for your health.你必须戒烟。它对你的健康有害。
Although maths is very difficult，don't give it up.虽然数学很难，但是不要放弃它。
【即时训练】
第(1)题根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)无论他的父母说什么，迈克都不同意。
___ his parents said，Mike would ．
【答案】Whatever，disagree
13．So I am，but I can't miss two weeks of school.我也是(很遗憾)，但是我不能两周不上课。
【点拨】这是一个倒装句。此处，so I am承接上一句贝蒂妈妈说的话：…I'm sorry you can't come with us，Betty(……贝蒂，你不能和我们一起去，真遗憾)，表示“我也很遗憾无法同行”。“so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前者所述的情况同样适用于后者，意为“……也这样；……也是如此”。注意，倒装句中的be动词、助动词或情态动词在时态和语态上须与上一句保持一致。如：
My brother can speak Japanese，so can I．我哥哥会讲日语，我也会。
He was a little unhappy，so was I．他有点儿不开心，我也是。
They have been learning English for years.So have we.他们学英语好多年了。我们也是。
【拓展】
(1)“so＋主语＋be/助动词/情态动词”表示赞同前者的观点，意为“……的确如此”，前后两部分的主语是同一人或物。如：
—The woolen coat is a little expensive.这件羊毛的大衣有点儿贵。
—So it is.的确如此。
(2)当前面是否定句时，我们用neither或nor来代替so，构成“neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词”的结构，表示后者与前者的情况相同或同意前者的说法，意为“……也不”。如：
I don't have a computer.Neither does my twin sister.我没有一台电脑。我的双胞胎妹妹也没有。
【即时训练】
单项选择。
( )—I hear Li Ping made an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday.
—____________ and____________．
A．So she did；so did I B．So did she；so I did
C．So she was；so I was D．So was she；so I was
【答案】A 句意：我听说李萍在毕业典礼上做了英语演讲。---她确实是，我也是
14．Your train is about to leave.您的火车要开了。
【辨析】be about to do sth.与be going to do sth.
(1)be about to do sth.意为“就要/正要做某事”，常与when引导的时间状语从句连用，表示最近的将来即将要发生的动作，一般不与具体的时间状语连用。如：
I was about to go to bed when there was a knock at the door.我正要上床睡觉，这时有人敲门。
(2)be going to do sth.表示按照计划或安排将要发生的动作。如：
We are going to have a discussion this afternoon.今天下午我们将要进行一次讨论。
【即时训练】
用be about to do sth.或be going to do sth.填空。
(1)It _be Wednesday tomorrow.
(2)We leave when it began to rain.
【答案】is going to ，were about to
随堂练习
一
词语运用。
A) 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1．The Pyramids of Egypt is one of the seven________(奇迹)of the world.
2．It will be ________(在……以下) zero，so it will be very cold tomorrow.
3．The weather report says the fog will ________(散去) later this afternoon.
4．The pyramids in Egypt are not ________(自然的) work.They are man－made.
5．Which is your favorite________(季节)
B)从方框中选择恰当的词，并用其适当形式完成句子。
lay twenty speak shine east
6．The mountain is in the ________ part of the country.
7．It's time for us to have a ________.Let's go to the meeting room.
8．Picasso was a great man of the ________ century.
9．It is a sunny morning and the sun is ________.
10．He ________ the table and asked his family to have dinner.
【答案】
A)1.wonders 2.below 3.clear 4.natural 5.season
B)6.eastern 7.speech 8.twentieth 9.shining10．laid
二
词语运用。
根据句意及所给首字母提示完成单词。
1．I want to visit my English teacher，but I don't have her a________.
2．We will discuss the trip at our m________.
3．We all went to the park，i________ the English friends.
4．The telephone is r________.Please answer it.
5．The s________ boy need our help.
【答案】
1.address 2.meeting 3.including 4.ringing 5．sick
三
词语运用。
A)根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
1．The d________ of technology makes it easy to buy the things you need very quickly online.
2．We don't think books will be r________ by computers.
3．The fire s________ very quickly because of the strong wind yesterday.
4．We have many s________ and we can get lots of wool.
5．My mother has a habit of keeping a d________.
【答案】
1.development 2.replaced 3.spread 4.sheep 5.diary
一
完成句子
警察到时盗贼已逃之夭夭．
The thief____________ when the policeman arrived．
我们正想着把这些照片公布在学校的网站上．
We're thinking of____________ some photos on the school website．
体育锻炼可以保护身体免遭心脏病．
Physical exercise can______ you______ heart disease．
据天气预报，明天有雨．
____________ the weather forecast， it will rain tomorrow．
这种鱼一次产卵数千个．
The fish lay____________ eggs at one time．
1.【答案】ran away
【解析】根据题干，可知需要翻译的是"逃之夭夭 "，其英文表达方式是"run away "，时态为一般过去时，结合句意：警察到时盗贼已逃之夭夭． 故答案为ran away．
2.【答案】putting up
【解析】根据题干，可知需要翻译的是"公布 "，其英文表达方式是"put up "，接of后接动名词，结合句意：我们正想着把这些照片公布在学校的网站上． 故答案为 putting up．
3.【答案】protect against
【解析】根据题干，可知需要翻译的是"使…避免 "，其英文表达方式是" protect against"，can后接动词原形，结合句意：体育锻炼可以保护身体免遭心脏病． 故答案为 protect against．
4.【答案】According to
【解析】根据题干，可知需要翻译的是"根据 "，其英文表达方式是"according to "，结合句意：天气预报，明天有雨． 故答案为 According to．
5.【答案】thousands of
【解析】根据题干，可知需要翻译的是"数千个 "，其英文表达方式是"thousands of "，结合句意：这种鱼一次产卵数千个． 故答案为thousands of．
二
根振所给中文意思完成句子，每空哏填一詞.
1.人们认为这本书是美国最好的小说之一．
It to be one of the greatest American stories．
2.每天晚上，我妈妈都在家翻阅杂志．
Every evening， my mother magazines at home．
3.按照当地人的说法，这是一个既特殊又神奇的地方．
the local people， it's a special and magical place．
4.这些照片将要被公布在学校的网站上，
The photos will be on the school website．
5.莎士比亚的戏剧现在对于我们来说也仍然有意义．
Shakespeare's plays also to us today．
1．【答案】is thought此题根据语境：人们认为这本书是美国最好的小说之一．被认为be thought to be．一般现在时态，主语是单数，故用is．故答案是：is thought．
2．【答案】looks through此题根据语境：每天晚上，我妈妈都在家翻阅杂志．一般现在时态，主语是单数第三人称，故用looks，浏览，翻阅是look through．故答案是：looks through．
3．【答案】According to根据题干，可知考查句型： according to按照 ， 结合句意：按照当地人的说法，这是一个既特殊又神奇的地方．故答案为 According to．
4．【答案】put up公布在．．上，put up on．被动语态，be +动词过去分词，根据语境：这些照片将要被公布在学校的网站上．故答案为：put up．
5．【答案】have meaning此题根据语境：莎士比亚的戏剧现在对于我们来说也仍然有意义．对某人有意义have meaning to sb．一般现在时态，主语是复数，故用have．故答案是：have meaning．
一
You need some bread and milk． But half an hour later， you leave the supermarket with a trolley（手推车） full of food．What games do supermarkets play to make us spend so much money？
The tricks （计谋）usually start before you walk in．Outside the supermarket entrance， anybody who walks past can smell warm， fresh bread． That makes us hungry and ready to buy lots of food， not just bread．
Now you're inside and， of course， a small basket would be fine， but all they have are trolleys． And of course the problem with a trolley is that it looks sad and lonely with just one or two product inside． So we may fill it with something． In fact， supermarket trolleys are actually getting bigger so that we buy more．
Of course， many people shop in supermarket because they think everything is cheaper than in other shops． So supermarkets offer very cheap prices on some things but then have higher prices for other products． One new trick is to put red tickers on products． Customers usually connect red stickers with lower prices so the red sticker is easy to be noticed， even when there is no reduction! Interestingly，this trick appears to work more with men than with women．
There is a story behind the position of everything in the supermarket． For example， customers often go only to buy milk． So they put it right at the back， forcing you to go past hundreds of shelves full of other products． The position of products on each shelf is also important． The most expensive products are usually at eye-level so you see these immediately． The exception（例外）is anything that children might like． These products are on lower shelves so that kids see them．
Apart from what you see and smell in supermarket， what about what you listen to？ In most supermarkets they have soft， slow music． It's so relaxing that you slow down and spend more time （and money!）in the store． You also move more slowly when the supermarket is busy． Experts suggest it's better to shop when it's quieter， on a Monday or a Tuesday for example． And be careful with queues（队伍）at the checkouts（付款台）． These are sometimes deliberate（故意），to make you buy something from the checkout shelves while you wait．
So， next time you go into your local supermarket， remember these ticks and see if you can come with just the things you went for．
Smells from bread in the supermarket ______ ．
A. make you feel hungry and buy more food
B. draw your attention to bread only
C. make you buy less bread than you need
D. force you to leave the supermarket
According to the passage， supermarkets put red stickers on products to ______ ．
A. make them look more beautiful
B. make them different from cheaper ones
C. make people think the stickers are for men
D. make people think they could save money
According to the passage， toys for children are usually placed ______ ．
A. on higher shelves B. on each shelf
C. on lower shelves D. on the back shelves
It can be learned from Paragraph 6 that supermarkets usually ______ ．
A. stop people lining up at the checkouts
B. close on Monday morning
C. play loud and noisy music inside
D. make customers feel relaxed
The passage is mainly about ______ ．
A. several ways supermarkets use to sell more products
B. some advice when people go shopping on the street
C. several rules that every business should follow
D. some advertisements that make people buy more
【答案】A．
【解析】细节理解题．根据第二段Outside the supermarket entrance， anybody who walks past can smell warm， fresh bread． That makes us hungry and ready to buy lots of food， not just bread．在超市门口，任何路过的人都能闻到新鲜的热面包的味道，这让我们感到饥饿，准备买很多食物，而不仅仅是面包．可知，超市里面包的味道让你觉得饿了，买更多的食物．选A．
2．【答案】D．
【解析】细节理解题．根据第四段One new trick is to put red tickers on products． Customers usually connect red stickers with lower prices so the red sticker is easy to be noticed， even when there is no reduction! 一个新的诀窍是在产品上贴红色的标签．顾客通常把红色的标签和较低的价格联系起来，这样即使没有降价，红色的标签也很容易被注意到！可知，超市在产品上贴上红色的标签，让人们认为他们可以省钱．选D．
3．【答案】C．
【解析】细节理解题．根据第五段 The most expensive products are usually at eye-level so you see these immediately． The exception is anything that children might like． These products are on lower shelves so that kids see them．最昂贵的产品通常都是在眼睛水平，所以你可以马上看到这些．例外是孩子们可能喜欢的任何东西．这些产品在较低的货架上，这样孩子们就能看到它们．可知，儿童玩具通常放在较低的架子上．选C．
4．【答案】D．
【解析】段意猜测题．根据第六段In most supermarkets they have soft， slow music． It's so relaxing that you slow down and spend more time （and money!）in the store．在大多数超级市场，他们都有轻柔、缓慢的音乐．这是如此的放松，以至于你放慢了速度，花了更多的时间（和金钱）在商店里．可知，超市通常让顾客感到放松．选D．
5．【答案】A．
【解析】主旨大意题．根据第一段You need some bread and milk． But half an hour later， you leave the supermarket with a trolley（手推车） full of food．What games do supermarkets play to make us spend so much money？你需要一些面包和牛奶．但半小时后，你离开超市时，手推车里装满了食物．超市玩什么游戏来让我们花这么多钱？可知，作者列举了超市会推出各种促销手段，包括通过手推车，贴红色的标签，把贵重的物品摆在明面，放舒缓的音乐等让你多购物，因此，短文主要介绍超市销售更多产品的几种方式．选A．
二
Pollution inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million people each year. Many people die as a result of breathing smoke or from cooking over wood-powered or coal-powered stoves.
One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun. Crosby Menzies, a solar power expert in a South African company, described his latest solar cooker called the "Sol-4"."It is four square meters of mirrors, six to eight meters in length. It is quite a large cooker."
The "Sol-4" works by reflecting(反射) light from the sun off large mirrors. The mirrors direct (把……对准) the light at a cooking pan. Then the light heats the pan with solar energy. Within two minutes, the pan is hot enough to cook sausages and onions. In just four minutes, water can be boiled. That is as fast as cooking with natural gas or electricity.
The cooker is also much "friendlier" than other models because people do not have to stand in the sun to use it.And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money on coal.Such individuals would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful smoke.
At present, the cooker only works when the sun is shining. But engineers are working on a way to make it work without sunlight.
Each cooker costs about $2,000, which is a large amount of money for most Africans. To solve that problem, Crosby Menzies has created a non-governmental organization called Solar Cookers for Africa.It plans to raise money through donations to provide poor people with solar cooking equipment.
1.This passage is mainly about _____ .
A.solar cookers B.smoke pollution
C.solar power experts D.breathing illnesses
2.The "Sol-4" is mainly used to _____ .
A.shorten the time of cooking
B.reduce the cost of making cookers
C.raise money through donations to help African people
D.reduce the number of deaths caused by harmful smoke
3.The underlined word "individuals" most probably means “_____” .
A.cookers B.mirrors
C.people D.experts
4.Which of the following about the "Sol-4" is TRUE
A.It is six to eight square meters of mirrors.
B.It can work in any weather condition now.
C.It can also heat the pan by lighting firewood.
D.It is more environment-friendly than other cookers.
5.From the passage, we can infer that _____ .
A.the "Sol-4" will be designed in a smaller size
B.more Africans can use the solar cookers in the future
C.the "Sol-4" is the first product of the South African company
D. the African government will provide poor people with solar cookers
1．【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。阅读全文可以看出，本文主要介绍了一种新型太阳能炉灶Sol-4。故选A。
2．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知答案是D。
3．【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。从该词所在的句子可看出，individuals是 have breathing illnesses的主语，所以判断individuals是指做饭的人。故选C。
4．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第三句可知A错；由第五段第一句可知B错；C项在文中没有根据。故选D。
5.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。由文章最后一段可以推断出在未来更多的非洲人能用上太阳能炉灶。故选B。
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