2022年中考英语二轮专题：动词的时态专题复习导学案

动词的时态
一．时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和 所处的状态。
时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。
中考主要考六种时态：1、一般现在时
2、现在进行时
3、一般过去时
4、一般将来时
5、现在完成时
6、过去进行时
中招题一般不会给出明显的标志词，所以做题时要根据上下文语境来判断。近年中招考试把句意理解，选择语态和判断语态和时态相结合，密切了时态和语态之间的关系。所以做题时要有时态和语态意识。
1、现在进行时: Present Progressive （注意双写词尾加ing的动词）
概念: 表示现在正在发生的动作
主动结构: be (is, am, are) + doing 　　
标志语： Look! 、 Listen! 、now、Where is …
2、一般现在时: Present Simple
概念: 表示习惯、经常性的动作
主动结构: do、 does
标志语：usually、often、never、always sometimes、once a week、 twice a month、every year(day ,week ,month)
一般现在时的特别用法：
1) 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中（连词中已提到），一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I'll help you as soon as you have problem.
只要你有困难我就会帮助你。
Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him.
如果你碰见小李，告诉他这件事情。
2) 一般现在时还可用在戏剧， 电影的剧本解说，体育比赛的解说以及图片的说明等场合。
Tom carries the ball to the left.
汤姆把球带到左方。
The picture shows us how they built the motorway last year.
这张照片给我们展示了他们去年如何建设高速公路
3、一般过去时: Past Simple （注意动词过去式的不规则变化）
概念: 表示过去发生的动作
主动结构: did
标志语：yesterday、... ago、in 1992、 last week/month., the day before yesterday, the other day 、just now
4、一般将来时: Future Simple
概念: 表示将要发生的动作
主动结构: will do、be (is、am、are) going to do
标志语：tomorrow、in+时间段..、next…
其他表示将来的句型
1）be + going + 动词不定式。也是一种将来时句型，表示打算近或将来要作的某事。
I am going to Beijing next week.
下周我要去北京。
5、现在完成时: Present Perfect
概念: 表示已经发生的动作
主动结构: has done、 have done
标志语：already、 yet、ever、 never、since…、for…等
现在完成时的用法
1) 表示在说话之前已经完成或刚完成的动作。
He has gone away. 　
I have bought a new bicycle. They have cleaned the classroom.
2) 表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，或者还有可能持续下去的动作或状态。 一般完成时常与for 和 since 引导的短语或从句连用。
We have lived here since 1996.
从一九九六以来，我们就住在这儿。
They have waited for more than two hours.
他们等了两个多小时。
特别提醒：非延续性动词不能和表延续的时间状语如for… ，since… 连用。如果连用需把非延续性动词变为延续性动词。
非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
1. reach arrive in / at come to－be in/at
2. come out go－be out 　　 3. come —be here
4. leave —be away 　　5. join —be a member of / be in
6. die —be dead 7. catch a cold —have a cold
8. begin/ start －be on 9. put on —wear
10. buy —have 11. borrow —keep
12. become —be 13. fall asleep —be asleep
14. fall ill sick－be ill/ be sick 15. open —be open
16. lose —be lost 17. get to know /begin to know- know
18.go to sleep get to sleep－sleep 19. get up —be up
20. close —be closed 21. finish / end —be over
22. move —be out of 23. break —be broken
24. marry －be married 25. go —be away
26. wake —be awake 27. make friends –be friends
6、过去进行时: Past Progressive
概念: 表示过去正在发生的动作
主动结构: be (was，were) + doing
标志语：at 8:00 yesterday 、when、 while、…at that time , at that moment
I was watching TV when she came to see me. 她来看我的时候，我正在看电视。
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。（基础题型）
The twins ___________(wash) the clothes now.
Look! He ________ (play) basketball over there.
Listen! ______ Sally _______(sing)
The twins ___________(wash) the clothes every day.
Sometimes he ________ (play) basketball over there.
How often ____ Sally ______(sing)
Jim ___________(cry) when his brother _______( come).
The day before yesterday he ________ (play) basketball over there.
He ________ (play) basketball since three years ago.
How long _____ Sally ______(sing) yet
11. When you (wash) your hair, you should (turn off) the tap to save water.
12. I wonder when the plane (take off ). If you (know), please (tell)me.
13. He (go) out of the room without (say) a word.
14. We should do everything we can (protect) our earth.
15. Mary (hear) to cry just now.
16. She told me (go )over my lessons carefully before the exam.
17. (help) others means helping yourself.
18. My mother (cook) dinner when I (arrive) home.
19.―How long you (have) his book
―I (have ) it since two weeks ago. I (buy) it two weeks ago.
三、选择（综合题）
（ ）1. The shop ___ at 7:30 p.m. on weekends.
A. will close B. closes C. closed D. has closed
（ ）2. If he ___ early tomorrow, he’ll be late.
A. doesn’t get up B. won’t get up C. gets up D. doesn’t gets up
（ ）4. The harder you ___, the better results you will get.
A. will study B. studied C. study D. studying
（ ）5. The teacher told us in class that the earth ___ around the sun.
A. moves B. moved C. is moving D. to move
（ ）6. He used to ___ a lot.
Smoking B. smoke C. smoked D. smokes
（ ）7. Lucy ___ silly questions.
A. is always asking B. always ask C. will always ask D. asks
（ ）8. Jim with his parents _____ abroad. They ____ back in two weeks.
A. have gone；will come B. has gone；will come
C. have been to；have come D. has been；come
（ ）9. —I have finished my homework.
—When ___ you ___ it
A. have; finished B. do; finish C. did; finish D. will; finish
（ ）10. I _____ my mobile phone since five years ago.
A. bought B. have bought C. had bought D. have had
（ ）11. ---Susan, why are you still here They are all ready to start.
---I’m sorry, but I _____when to meet.
A. don’t tell B. didn’t tell C. haven’t told D. wasn’t told
（ ）12. Jim is a student and in Town High School.
A. studies B. studied C. had studied
（ ）13. Sandy his old friend Tom when he was crossing the street.
A. had met B. has met C. met
（ ）14. The whole class to the East Lake if it is fine this Sunday.
A. will go B. have gone C. go
（ ）15. Who It sounds like a little girl.
A. does cry B. is crying C. cried
（ ）16. ---Have you seen Bill
---Yes, he to the library.
A. has gone B. had gone C. has been
（ ）17. ---Excuse me, please look at the sign “No Smoking”.
---Sorry, I _____.
A. don’t notice it B. am not noticed
C. didn’t notice it D. wasn’t noticed
（ ）18. If Mike _____ up earlier, he can finish the work in time.
A. get B. will get C. gets D. is getting
（ ）20. ---Do you know Jane
---Yes, I first met her three years ago. She ______at a fruit shop at that time.
A. had worked B. worked C. has worked D. was working
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