2013高考英语福州市：阅读理解训练（2）及答案或解析

2013高考英语福州市：阅读理解训练（2）及答案或解析
【3】
Some of the largest，longest，and most beautiful bridges in the world are suspension bridges. Although suspension bridges look impressively complicated，their design is relatively simple.Giant cables are strung between two towers that are anchored (固定) to land on either side of a waterway or land gorge. The road hangs from the giant cables by suspension cables，or suspenders. Suspenders are made by weaving together thousands of thick steel strands.
Even though these superstructures are built to last，many of American suspension bridges are getting old.The Golden Gate Bridge is slightly more than 70 years old.The Brooklyn Bridge in New York City celebrated its 125th birthday in 2008. Many of these superstructures are in need of super repairs.
Engineers at Columbia University in New York City have set out to create a way to detect the lifespan of a suspension cable electronically.They are testing a system in which tiny sensors are embedded (嵌入) inside cable strands to monitor a suspender’s condition around the clock.
Engineer Raimondo Betti and his team at Columbia built a lab last December.They will use heat lamps to simulate the temperature changes a suspender would have to endure through changing seasons.They will shower the test cable with water and road salt to see how it withstands rain and snow conditions. In addition to blasting the suspender with severe weather conditions,the engineers are also subjecting the cable to the same kind of weight of a suspender on a high-traffic bridge would have to bear.The team will record data from the sensors over the next six months.After that，they will open the cable and see the extent to which the data they’ve recorded matches the actual damage to the cable.
Betti says more accurate information on cable corrosion will be of great use to cities and states. Bridge owners will be able to make more informed decisions on maintenance and repair plans for bridges.
1．Which of the following could be the image of the bridge described in the passage?
2．In the testing system，the engineers are trying to .
A．create real-world conditions that are as aggressive as the ones out there
B．replace old suspenders with new ones
C．break the suspender apart to see the inside of it
D．put as much weight as possible that the bridge can bear
3．Engineers at Columbia University in New York City use new technology to .
A．design a new suspension bridge
B．see the lifespan of big suspension bridges
C．prevent suspension bridges from corrosion
D．solve the traffic delays caused by bridge maintenance
4．Many suspension bridges in America are in need of super repairs because .
A．they are too old and the style is out of date
B．many steel cables are too rusty
C．they can’t meet the development of modern traffic system
D．they have withstood lots of years of wear and tear from heavy traffic and severe weather
5．The new sensor system could let engineers know .
A．how to solve traffic problems
B．which bridge is designed best
C．when the bridge repair is necessary
D．what suspension bridges mean to a city
参考答案
1．D　2．A　3．B　4．D　5．C
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【3】
Born in a fishing village in Japan，Fujiyama,25，recalls a childhood dominated by health concerns．Doctors told his parents that he had a hole in his heart and “they didn’t think I had a lot longer to live”．But during a later visit to the doctor，his family learned the hole had closed．“Somehow I was cured and I became a normal kid，” Fujiyama says．“And I had a second chance．”
During his second year at the University of Mary Washington，he volunteered in Honduras with a campus group and was struck by the extreme poverty he saw—barefoot children collecting cans and sleeping in the streets．Fujiyama realized he could help give other children their own second chance．
Today，his organization，Students Helping Honduras，brings education and community projects to children and families in need．
He started by telling his friends about his experience and collecting spare change at his two campus jobs．“When I had my very first meeting，only two people showed up，”he says．“I knew I had to keep fighting．”He persuaded his younger sister，Cosmo，to join the cause．“She’s dynamite，”he says．“When she talks in front of a crowd，she can move mountains．Knowing that she was behind it，I knew I could do anything．”Since 2006，the siblings’ organization has grown to 25 campuses and raised more than $750,000 to fund projects，including the construction of two schools and the establishment of scholarships to help young women attend college．
Fujiyama says students are deeply committed to the organization．They raise money and then travel to Honduras to help build houses．While Fujiyama spends his summers in Honduras working alongside volunteers，he spends a large portion of the year on the road visiting colleges to raise funds．Cosmo Fujiyama,23，lives in Honduras full time to coordinate (协调) the group’s building efforts on the ground．
Students Helping Honduras is working with community members of Siete de Abril to build a new village．Many of the families lost their belongings in Hurricane Mitch in 1998．A lot of them didn’t have access to clean water or health care，and they didn’t have a school．Fujiyama’s group helped build 44 homes in the village named “Sunshine Village”．The organization is also raising funds to build a water tower，an eco-friendly sanitation system and a library．
1．When he was a child，Fujiyama ．
A．was worried about his bad health
B．led a carefree life
C．often went fishing with his father
D．had no access to clean water
2．At the beginning of his organization， ．
A．Fujiyama was supported by many friends
B．things didn’t go on smoothly
C．Fujiyama had little idea of Honduras
D．many famous people joined in
3．We can infer that Fujiyama is a man．
A．diligent B．mean
C．sympathetic D．cheerful
4．The underlined word“siblings’”can be replaced by ．
A．brothers’ B．brother and sister’s
C．friends’ D．couple’s
5．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．Help the People in Need
B．Students Lend a Hand in America
C．Fujiyama Helps Build “Sunshine Village”
D．Fujiyama Gives Poor People in Honduras a Second Chance
答案
1．A　2．B　3．C　4．B　5．D　
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【2】
The Internet is an amazing information resource．Students，teachers，and researchers use it as 1． investigative tool．Journalists use it to find information for stories．Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the latest medical development．Ordinary people use it for shopping，banking，bill-paying，and communicating 2． family and friends．People all over the world use it to connect with individuals from 3． countries and cultures．However，4． there are many positive developments associated with the Internet，there are also certain fears and concerns．5． concern relates to a lack of control over 6． appears on the Internet．With television and radio there are editors to check the accuracy or appropriateness of the content of programs，and with television there are restrictions on what kinds of programs can be broadcasted and at what times of the day．7． the Internet，parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable 8． their children to see．
1．an　2．with　3．other/different　4．while
5．One　6．what　7．With　8．for
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【2】
Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese being killed right below their windows．She was 1． neighbor．Yet 2． of them helped her．No one even called the police．
John Barley and Bib Fatane went beyond the headlines to research into the 3． why people didn’t act．They found that a person has to go through two steps 4． he can help．First he has to notice that it is 5． emergency (紧急情况)．Is the smoke coming into the room 6． a leak in the air conditioner？Is it “steam pipes”？Or is it really smoking from a fire？It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency．Second，and 7． important，the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible．He must feel that he must help,8． the person won’t get the help he needs．
参考答案
1．their　2．none　3．reasons　4．before　
5．an　6．from　7．more　8．or
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【2】
Once a man came to Allah (安拉) and said，“Oh Allah，I have many bad habits．Which one should I give up first？” Allah said， “Give up telling lies first and always tell the truth．”The man promised to do 1． and went home．
At night the man was about to go out to steal．Before setting out，he thought for a moment about the promise he made 2． Allah．“If tomorrow Allah asks me where I have been，what should I say？Should I say that I went out to steal？No，I cannot say that．If I tell the truth，everyone will start hating me and call 3． a thief．I would be punished for stealing．But 4． can I lie．”
So the man decided not to steal that night，and gave up this bad habit．
Next day，when he was about to drink wine，he also remembered 5． he had promised to Allah，so he gave up 6． idea of drinking wine．In this way，7． the man thought of doing something bad，he remembered his promise to tell the truth 8． all times．One by one，he gave up all his bad habits．
参考答案
1．so　2．to　3．me　4．nor/neither　
5．what　6．the　7．whenever　8．at
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【阅读理解主旨大意】
Passage******
Mountain lions live in mountainous areas of the western United States. Lately, however, people have reported seeing them in quiet neighborhoods all across the country! Usually considered shy and seldom seen, these lions are becoming more noticeable. In addition, the lions appear to be moving east. They were even reported in the suburbs(郊区)of Boston, Philadelphis, and Chicago.
It seems certain that these " kings of the mountains"are moving. Why? Scientists are not sure. Some think that as the mountain lion population increases the west, younger wild cats are leaving the area. These cats are searching for new homes and new places for food.
"The young males are looking for new homes, "says Lynn Sadler, who is the director of the Mountain Lion Foundation in Sacramento,Calif. "People tend to create to many barriers(障碍), such as buidings, fences, roads, and noise. As the mountain lions seek new places and food and water sources'(水源), these barriers get in their way."
The sightings have made people increasingly watchful. Sometimes the"mountain lions"that people report seeing turn out to be large dogs or even house cats. But at least a few of the meetings have been real. The building of new roads, the growing of suburbs and the growing popularity of outdoor activities are all increasing the chances that people in various parts of the country may meet up with a mountain lion.
Because many people are concerned, about the reappearance of the American lion, an expert outlined some ways they can a- void attracting the wild cats: Never leave pets or pet food outsider properly cvare for farm animals; and plan public land use to enable the lions to move safely from one place to another.
"To be fair, "says the expert. "mountain lions are trying to regain their homes. They were here first. Now we need to find ways we can live together."
1. Mountain lions are moving probably because_________.
A. the suburbs o[ big cities are peaceful and quiet
B. more roads are being built into the mountains
C. the number of the lions increases in the west
D. young lions are seeking new partners
2. According to the passage,it is clear that_________.
A. the reported sightings of mountain lions have not been proved
B. people walking in the country may come across a lion
C. fences have been built to protect the ions
D. mountain lions prefer populated areas
3. To avoid attracting rnotuntain lions, People are advised_________.
A. to build more roads for the lions to move safely
B. to keep a close watch on their [arm animals
C. not to stay outdoors
D. not to raise pets
4. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Mountain Lions in Unlikely Passage?
B. Measures Taken to Avoid Lions
C. Number of Sightings Going Up
D. Mountain Lions Moving West
命题目的与解题技巧；本文的命题目的是考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，而本井无明显主题句。做这类题的技巧是：正确理解作者所提供的细节，运用自己的逻辑概括能力。综合归纳主题。
解析： 本文主要讲美国西部的狮子被人们在全国各地发现。据科学家估计是因为狮子数量不断增加，新的雄狮欲寻新的安身之所。
答案：
1．C 细节题。从第二段的第三句话“Some think that as the mountain lion populat ionicreases in the west，younger wild cats are leaving the area．．．searching for new homes and new places for food”可直接选出答案。
2．B 细节题。由第一段第二句“．一people have reported seeing them in quiet neighbrhoods all across the country”和第四段第四句“The buiding of new roads，the．．．may meet up with a mountin lion"可知目前狮子在美国到外可见
3．B 细节判断题。第五段专家建议中的第二点properly care for farm animals与B项同义，而A项中的建更多的roads文中未提及，文中只提到了public land；C、D两项文中提及。
4．A 主旨大意题。本文主要讲山狮从山里游移到全国各地，有时来到它们不该来的农户、新建公路等，一切都表明它们来到原来不可能的地方。
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