2013高考英语福州市：阅读理解训练（5）及答案或解析

2013高考英语福州市：阅读理解训练（5）及答案或解析
【阅读理解猜测词义】
Passage ****************

The United States. Fliers may want to have their tickets in hand before catching their planes, but the airline companies are doing everything they can to bring forward cost-saving ticketless flight -- nopaper needed, just a ticket number and a photo ID (带照片的身份证). Anyone who buys a Northwest E-ticket through the airline's computer service by June 16 will get an a- ward (奖励). Next time you fly, you can buy another ticket for a friend for $ 99, going anywhere in the US or Canada through Feb. 12, 2000, along with the lowest ticket prices. Some airlines offer extra frequent flier miles for the ticketless crowd. And there are rising punishments for paper lovers. Arnerican, Northwest, United, and last week, US Airways have raised the cost for lost-ticket replacement (替换) to $ 70 from either $ 60 or $ 50. The airlines insist that the increase in price is not meant to push travelers toward E-tickets but onlyi eovers the increasing cost of replacing and tracking a missing ticket.
1.Why is the new ticketless flight introduced?
A. It is cheaper for air travelers.
B. It helps reduce the cost for airlines.
C. It can use computer to plan air traveling.
D. It helps prevent fliers from losing their tickets.
答案：B 指导：参考the airline companies are doing everything the ycan to bring for ward cost-saving ticketless flight从这句话上来看，无票飞行能节约钱。
2.To encourage people to take ticketless flights, the airlines________.
A. sell their tickets for $ 99 from June to February the following year
B. let travelers go to both the US and Canada with the same tickets
C. allow each traveler to have an extra $ 99 ticket for a friend of theirs
D. offer ticket[ess travelers free miles to fly in the US
答案：C 指导：选项D错的原因是①向无票乘客提供短途(miles) 免费游是部分航空公司的举措，不是所有航空公司所为；② 只对常客提供这种免费游，不是对任何乘客。
3.Who are the paper lovers mentioned in the,text?
A. People who like to have paper airplane tickets.
B. People who love paper products of various kinds.
C. People who travel with paper on a plane.
D. People who have lost their ticket and buy a second one.
答案：A 指导：这里的paperlovers指喜欢持票乘机的人。
4. The airline companies say that they have raised the lost-ticket replacement price in order to ________.
A. attract travelers to take tieketless flights
B. punish those who insist on using paper tickets
C. do better than other airline companies
D. pay for the work to deal with lost tickets
答案：D 指导：虽然文章中有这样一句话And thereare rising punishments for paper lovers，但这不是航空公司所说的话，惩罚持票者也不是航空公司的目的，故不选B。文章的最后一句说出了机票挂失提价的真正目的，也就是为了填补因为挂失而查找失票所造成的花费，这与选项D一致。
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【阅读理解猜测词义】
Passage ****************
Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practises until he can play quickly, correctly, without thinking. Tennis players call that "being in the zone". Educators call it "automatieity (自动)".
A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and get the meanings of the words. With practice, he speaks with fewer and fewer pauses and mistakes, reading by the phrase. With automatieity, he doesn't have to think about getting the meaning of the words, so he can pay attention to the meaning of the text.
It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found autonfatic readers in the first grade who were reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them on correctness, comprehension, and vocabulary. "It's not L Q ,but the amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity, "according to Rossman, any child who spends at least 3. 5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will most probably reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching television, it can happen by turning off the set just one night in favour of reading.
You can test your child by giving him one paragraph or two to read aloud something unfamiliar but suitable to his age. If he reads aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader. If he reads hesitatingly, one word at a time without expression or meaning, he needs more practice.
1. The main idea of the first paragraph is________.
A. what is automaticity
B. how correctness is obtained
C. how 'a child learns to walk
D. how an athlete is trained
答案：A指导：通过事例解释automaticity．
2. The Illinois study shows that the automatic reader's high speed ________.
A. costs him a lot of work
B. affects his comprehension
C. leads to his future success
D. doesn't affect his comprehension
答案：B 指导：由“scoring twice high"说明效果好，“是……分数的两倍”。
3. From the passage, it can be inferred that a bright child
A. also needs practice to be automatic reader
B. always achieves great success in comprehension tests
C. becomes an automatic reader after learning how to read
D. is a born automatic reader
答案：A 指导：作者说“自我阅读”来源于大量的练习。
4. The main idea of the whole passage is ________.
A. how to score high on comprehension tests
B. reading is the key to school success
C. how to test your child's reading ability
D. automaticity is important for efficient reading
答案：D 指导：本篇告诉读者应通过大量阅讯培养“自动阅读”，并列出了几个事例，说明“自动阅读”对有效阅读是非常有帮助的。
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【阅读理解细节事实】
Passage *********
Meteorite (陨石) ALH840典型例题 studied by a research team led by scientists at NASA and Stanford University.
Using high-powered microscopes and other laboratory tests, the researchers found clues that they think were left by living things.
One clue is a collection of flat, hard orange globe of carbon lining the insides of the cracks in the rock. These depos- its look like the carbon globules made by some kinds of bacteria (细菌). They might have been left by tiny life forms, or they might have been made by hot vapors carrying carbon dioxide.
With these carbon globules is another piece of evidence, a group of chemicals called PAHS. These chemicals can be formed in space or when living things die and change into fossils (化石) So the PAHs in the meteorite might have come from ancient Martian life.
Rings of tiny crystals around the carbon globules make up the third mineral clue. These crystals are made of iron and sul- phur (硫)joined together in compounds that are like chemicals in some of Earth's bacteria. But similar crystals can also be made by chemical reactions that can happen without life forms to carry them out.
A fourth sign of life is a series of microscopic rounded shapes that look like fossils of bacteria. But to some scientists, these shapes may be too small to be the remains of living things.
The NASA team does not say these clues are proof of life on Mars. Any.of these clues might have been placed in the rock without the help of living creatures.
But they claim the idea of Martian life is the simplest way to explain them, They say it would take a lot of coincidences (巧合) to place all of these dues together in the Martian rock. These scientists have challenged others to help them search for more evidence to prove that their ideas are either right or wrong.
And research that might help answer this question is already 'under way. NASA has planned ten new missions to Mars over the next ten years and launched two of them last fall. They are called Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Pathfinder.
Several of the experiments on these spacecraft will search for clues to answer one of the greatest questions of our time. Are we alone in the universe?
1. ALH840典型例题rom______.
A. Mars
B. the Milky Way
C. an unknown small planet
D. the solar system
答案: A 指导：由倒数第二段"NASA has planned ten new missions to Mars"可知。
2. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Mars Pathfinder was launched in the spring of 1997.
B. The evidence inside was not destroyed after ALH840典型例题 traveled a long way.
C. The clues the scientists have found are:①smal! drops of liquid of carbon ②crystal ring ③NASA ④ fossils of bacteria.
D. Scientists wished they had asked for help to prove their ideas.
答案: B 指导：由第四段"The sechemicals can be formed in space or when living things die and change into fossils”可知ALH840典型例题行了很长的路后，里面的迹象不被破坏而形成了化石。
3. Put the following sentences into correct time order.
① Scientists discovered the meteorite. They named itALH840典型例题"Allan Hills, 1984,number I".
②A small planet hit Mars, sending pieces of the outside covering into space. One of them is ALH840典型例题After wandenng for a long time, the rock rushed into the　ice in the Allan Hills area of Antarctica.④In a watery environment underground, microscopic life grew deep in the cracks. These creatures died, but they left signs.
A. ②-④-①-③ B. ④-②-③-① C. ③-①-②-④ D. ①-③-④-②
答案: B 指导：由全文描述可知。
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【阅读理解主旨大意】
Passage******
It was a warm April day when a big fat envelope came in themail from theonlycOllege I had ever iiliagined attending． I to reopen the packet． My eyes were nxed on the word“congratulations”l don't remember ever smiling so Wide．
Then I l00ked at my financial(财政)package.
Thecost of Dream School’s tuition(学费)，room and board was around(40，000 an impossible sum!How conld I afford to attend?What good reasons did I have to go there when three other fine colleges were offering me free tuittion? My other choices were good， solid schools even if they weren't as famous as my first choice．
In my mind，attending my dream university Would be the only way to realize my dream of becoming a world--class writer. My parents understood how I felt. They told me that even though it would be a financial problem, I could go wherever I would be happiest. But as I was always careful with money, I wasn't sure what to do.
One of the schools that offered me a full ride had an informational dinner one night in the spring. Considering my parents'financial difficulties, I decided to drive the 45 minutes and attend. At first, all I had planned to do was to smile politely, eat free food, listen quietly. But I surprised myself.
At dinner the president of the university talked about the wonderful activities on campus (校园) including guest lectures and social gatherings. He also made it perfectly clear that free food would be offered at all future events. He continued with explanations of professors, class sizes, activities, and sporting events on campus. As he spoke, I began to realize that this school, though not as good as my first choice, might be the best one for me. It seemed small yet with many great programs. It seemed challenging yet caring.
As the president ended his speech, we clapped politely and pushed back our chairs. As I walked out of that door, a feeling of comfort washed over me. Looking at the campus that night, I realized that I would be spending the next four years right there.
In all honesty, my university is not as well--known as my "dream" university. However, it turned out to be the right choice of schools for me.
1. How did the author feel when he started to read the letter?
A. He was full of joy.
B. He was lost in his dream.
C. He was worried about the money.
D. He was uncertain which school to go to.
答案: A 指导：这是一道细节推断题。根据第一段中Idon't remember ever smiling so wide．可推断出当作者开始读信时内心充满了欢乐。
2. We can learn from the passage that the parents
were__________.
A. honest B. strict
C. supportive D. decisive
答案: C 指导：这是一道细节推断题。根据第三段中My parents understood how I felt．They told me that even though it would bea financial problem，I could go wherever I would behappiest．可判断出作者的家长对他很支持。
3. In Paragraph 5, "offered me a full ride" can be replaced by__________.
A. would pay for transport to the school
B. would show me around the campus
C. would offer free meals at all events
D. would charge me nothing for tuition
答案: D 指导：这是一道猜义题。根据下文的内容可猜测出of fered me a full ride的意思是“免除学费”。
4. What does the author mainly want to say?
A. Your second-choice college may actually be your best fit.__________
B. You should consider comfort in your choice of schools.
C. You should try your best to attend your dream school.
D. Your choice of schools should be based on their fame.
答案: A 指导：这是一道猜测作者写作意图题。这篇短文主要讲述了作者接到梦想已久的大学录取通知书时心情非常激动，但是由于高昂的学费，使他望而却步，不得不去一家免费学校上学，在这里作者感到比自己梦想的学校还要好，所以作者认为第二志愿的学校可能最适合自己。
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