哈尔滨2013高考英语：阅读理解训练（3）及答案或解析
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哈尔滨2013高考英语：阅读理解训练（3）及答案或解析
阅读细节理解篇******[201***深圳第二次调研]
词数：322 体裁：说明文 难度：3
KANDAHAR, Afghanistan–-- Afghans burned tires and chanted “Death to America” after U.S troops fired Monday(April 12, 2010) on a civilian bus near Kandahar, killing four people and wounding more than a dozen. Afghanistan’s president accused NATO of breaking its commitment to safeguard civilian lives.
The attack angered Afghan officials and the public in Kandahar, the Taliban’s birthplace, and dealt a blow to U.S and NATO efforts to win popular support for a coming offensive to drive the insurgents(叛乱分子) from the biggest city in the south. NATO expressed regret for the loss of civilian lives and said it was investigating.
Nearly 200 Afghans blocked highway where the shooting occurred, burning tires, firing weapons and chanting “Death to America” and other slogans. They also called for the ouster (forcing somebody out of a pasition) of Afghan President Hamid Karzai, a Kandahar native who has been appealing for the people here to support the U.S-led campaign against the Taliban.
“The Americans are constantly killing our civilians and the government is not demanding an explanation,” protester Mohammad Razaq said. “We demand justice from the Karzai government and the punishment of those soldiers responsible.”
Kandahar, a city of about a half million people, is nominally under government control, but the Taliban have stepped up infiltration(浸润), staging attacks and threatening local people.
“These foreigners have their enemies, but killing Afghans is not the answer,” said Abdul Hadi, who sells homemade herbal medicine in a public market. He said international forces should publish a schedule of their patrols(巡逻) so Afghans can keep out of the way.
“Better yet, I would like to see them leave Afghanistan,” he added.
Haji Zahir, who runs a transport firm, said it was time for U.S. and other foreign forces to withdraw from the country.
“They say they want to bring security. It is all lies, lies. They kill Afghans. That is not the way to bring security,” Zahir said.
46．According to the passage, we can safely conclude that .
A．American soldiers are killing Talibans effectively
B．Anger rises as US troops kill 4 Afghans on a bus
C．NATO expressed great dissatisfaction with American troops
D．Afghan President Hamid Karzai required NATO to withdraw
47．The underlined word in Paragraph 5 nominally most probably means .
A．completely unknown to the people in the world
B．partially well-known to the people across the globe
C．bearing the name of a famous person around the world
D．officially described as something, when this is not really true
48．As for NATO soldiers’ rude action, Abdul Hadi is .
A．absolutely angry and upset
B．a little pleased but impatient
C．very angry and dissatisfied
D．impatient but bearable
49．We can infer from the passage that .
A．NATO troops can completely control Afghanistan
B．NATO troops can bring security to Afghanistan
C．Afghans will accept NATO’s control sooner or later
D．it’s impossible for NATO to conquer Afghanistan and its people
50．Which statement is true according to the passage?
A．NATO fails to win popular support for a coming offensive.
B．Kandahar is the most important city in Afghanistan.
C．NATO has really brought security to Afghanistan.
D．NATO troops will withdraw from Afghanistan in the near future.
这是一篇新闻报道， 讲述美军士兵枪杀四名阿富汗平民引起阿富汗人民的愤怒之情。
46. B 考查主旨要义。从整体和阿富汗人民愤怒的言语得出结论。
47. D考查猜测词义。从第五段第二行infiltration Kandahar和第二段第一行the 会Taliban”s birthplace可以得出答案。
48. C 考查细节理解。从第六段killing Afghans is not the answer, international forces should publish a schedule of their patrols可以得知。
49. D 考查推理判断。文中没有直接表达出来，根据第五段the Taliban have stepped up infiltration和阿富汗人民愤怒的言语得出，
50. A 考查细节理解。从第二段第二行dealt a blow to U.S. and NATO efforts to win popular support可以得出结论。
******************************************************结束
E
阅读细节理解篇******[201***·江苏省高考一模]
词数：279 体裁：科技说明文 难度：3
Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Some experts say that scientific advances will
one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span.
“ I think we are knocking at the door of immortality (永生),” said Michael Zey, a Montclair State University business professor and author of two books on the future. “ I think by 2075 we will see it and that’s a conservative estimate.”
At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology(纳米技术) make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past. “ There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years,” he said. “ Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years.”
However, many scientists who specialize in aging are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death.
Scientists also differ on what kind of life the super aged might live. “ It remains to be seen if you pass 120, you know; could you be healthy enough to have good quality of life?” said Leonard Poon, director of the University of Georgia Gerontology Center. “ At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at all.”
67. By saying “ we are knocking at the door immortality”, Michael Zey means_____.
A. they believe that there is no limit of living
B. they are sure to find the truth about long living
C. they have got some ideas about living forever
D. they are able to make people live past the present life span
67. C考查考生根据文章意思判断选择句子释义的能力。C与文章细节Some suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years.相符。
68. Donald Louria’s attitude toward long living is that_____.
A. people can live from 120 to 180
B. it is still doubtful how long humans can live
C. the human body is designed to last about 120 years
D. it is possible for humans to live longer in the future
68. D考查细节理解。本题要求考生根据相关信息进行推理判断。本题所问涉及第三段中的一处细节… Donald Louria, … said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past,与D中的 it is possible for humans to live longer in the future提法相同。
69. The underlined “ it” (Para. 4) refers to_____.
A. a great push
B. the idea of living beyond the present life span
C. the idea of living from 200 to 300
D. the conservative estimate
69. B 考查猜测词义。文章的前三个自然段讲述一些专家认为利用纳米和基因技术可以延长人类寿命，第四段则以However, many scientists who specialize in aging are doubtful about it…一句开头，转折说明许多科学家对此提出质疑，所以这个it指的是上文提出的观点。
70. What would be the best title for this text?
A. Living longer or not
B. Science, technology and long living
C. No limit for human life
D. Healthy lifestyle and long living
70. A考查主旨要义。要求考生根据内容选择最佳标题。全文的关键词应该是living longer,有肯定又有否定两方面的观点。
F
*******************************************************结束
【推断词义篇】
词数：275 体裁：科技说明文 难度：4
Australian scientists are trying to give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep in a bid
to cut the emission of greenhouse gases blamed for global warming.
Thanks to special bacteria in their stomachs, kangaroo farts contain no methane（甲烷）and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep who emit large quantities of the harmful gas.
While the usual image of greenhouse gas pollution is a billowing smokestack pushing out carbon dioxide, livestock passing wind contribute a surprisingly high percentage of total emissions in some countries.
"Fourteen percent of emissions from all sources in Australia is from enteric methane from cattle and sheep," said Athol Klieve, a senior research scientist with the Queensland state government.
"And if you look at another country such as New Zealand, which has got a much higher agricultural base, they're actually up around 50 percent," he said.
Researchers say the bacteria also makes the digestive process much more efficient and could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers.
But it will take researchers at least three years to isolate the bacteria, before they can even start to develop a way of transferring it to cattle and sheep.
Another group of scientists, meanwhile, has suggested Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos.
The idea is controversial（争议）, but about 20 percent of health conscious Australians are believed to eat the national symbol already.
"It's low in fat, it's got high protein levels and it's very clean in the sense that basically it's the ultimate free range animal（散养动物）," said Peter Ampt of the University of New South Wales's institute of environmental studies.
56. According to the passage, global warming is now mainly caused by _____ .
A. methane B. carbon dioxide C. livestock passing wind D. not mention in this passage
56. D 考查细节理解。A、B、C均是导致全球变暖的原因，但文中并没有提到哪一个是主要原因，因此答案为D文中没有提到。
57. What does the underlined phrase “the idea”（paragraph 9）refer to?
A. Australians should give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep.
B. The bacteria could make the digestive process much more efficient.
C. Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos.
D. The bacteria could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers.
57. C 考查猜测词义。从上文“另一组科学家建议澳大利亚人应少养牛羊，多吃袋鼠肉”及下文“尽管这一观点有争议，但目前约有20%健康意识较强的澳大利亚人已经吃上了被视为“国家象征”的袋鼠”可知这一观点指的是上文“澳大利亚人应少养牛羊，多吃袋鼠肉”。
58. How will Australian scientists solve the problem of global warming?
A. Eating more kangaroos.
B. Killing more cattle and sheep.
C. Letting cattle and sheep pass less wind.
D. Transferring the special bacteria in kangaroos’ stomachs to cattle and sheep.
58. A 考查推理判断。从文章第一﹑二自然段“为了减少导致全球变暖的温室气体的排放，澳大利亚科学家目前正在想办法将牛羊胃变成袋鼠式的胃。袋鼠胃中有一种特殊的细菌能使其放的屁中不含有甲烷。科学家想将这种细菌移至牛羊的胃中，以抑制它们所排放的大量有害气体。”可推断得知。
************************************************************结束
【阅读判断推理篇】
词数：284 体裁：广告 难度：3
Is veg food healthier than non-veg food? I feel this is a very common topic that people speak on．Please give me your opinions on this topic．
Rao
12-18-08
So far as veg food is concerned, it is also proved to be a healthy and nutritious diet, but has very few items which can provide us with proteins, but if you see non-veg food like eggs, chicken, and many more, such foods have a large content of proteins in them.
Sai
12-19-08
Man basically is herbivorous（食草的）. If we look at the animal kingdom
We can see that all the herbivorous animals have the similar dental（牙齿的）
structure, which clearly shows that the human being also ought to be vegetarian
by birth. It is only the living conditions that make man carnivorous（食肉的）.
The vegetarian foods are easily digestible.
Santos
12-20-08
Non-veg food items are better than veg items. A healthy person requires complete diet and veg+ meat makes the diet complete. The only caution that needs to be taken is not to have non-veg items on a daily basis. Once in a week or couple of weeks will be best.
Krishna
01-03-09
When we eat non-veg, we are all veg by nature. The chicken that we eat feeds on grains, the mutton that we eat feeds on grass, and the fish that we eat feeds on simple plants. So non-veg food by logic（逻辑）is better and suited for hauman beings.
Khan
01-05-09
Non-veg food is equally important in our diet as it helps in many ways, especially fish and other seafood as fish contains omega 3 which makes our immune system（免疫系统）stronger. Do you know that most of the veg food put together does not contain as much omega 3 as fish alone contains!
68．According to Rao, what is the problem with veg food?
A．It damages our immune system.
B．It has few nutrients.
C．It contains too much omega 3.
D．It is lacking in protein.
69．In the opinion of Sai, humans are born vegetarian because humans .
A．have the same teeth structure as plant-eating animals
B．believe that veg foods are good for their teeth
C．belong to the plant-eating animal family
D．can adapt to the living conditions like plant-eating animals
70．What advice is given by Santos?
A．To have a saily veg+ meat diet.
B．Not to eat non-veg food every day.
C．To eat digestible food every day.
D．Not to eat food without protein.
【文章大意】素食和肉食，哪一种食物更健康呢?对于这个问题的回答，仁者见仁，智者见智。
68．D考查细节理解。从文章第二栏中but has very few items which can provide us with proteins．可知Rao认为素食缺乏蛋白质。
69．A考查细节理解。根据第三栏的all the herbivorous animals have the similar dental structure，which clearly shows that the human being also 0Ilght to be vegetarian by birth可知食草动物的牙齿结构于人类的牙齿结构相似，所以Sai认为人类天生是素食的。
70．B考查细节理解。根据第四栏的The only caution that needs to be taken is not to have non-veg items on a daily basis．可知Santos建议不要天天吃肉类食物。所以选B。
**********************************************************结束
阅读细节理解篇******[201***深圳第二次调研]
词数：322 体裁：说明文 难度：3
KANDAHAR, Afghanistan–-- Afghans burned tires and chanted “Death to America” after U.S troops fired Monday(April 12, 2010) on a civilian bus near Kandahar, killing four people and wounding more than a dozen. Afghanistan’s president accused NATO of breaking its commitment to safeguard civilian lives.
The attack angered Afghan officials and the public in Kandahar, the Taliban’s birthplace, and dealt a blow to U.S and NATO efforts to win popular support for a coming offensive to drive the insurgents(叛乱分子) from the biggest city in the south. NATO expressed regret for the loss of civilian lives and said it was investigating.
Nearly 200 Afghans blocked highway where the shooting occurred, burning tires, firing weapons and chanting “Death to America” and other slogans. They also called for the ouster (forcing somebody out of a pasition) of Afghan President Hamid Karzai, a Kandahar native who has been appealing for the people here to support the U.S-led campaign against the Taliban.
“The Americans are constantly killing our civilians and the government is not demanding an explanation,” protester Mohammad Razaq said. “We demand justice from the Karzai government and the punishment of those soldiers responsible.”
Kandahar, a city of about a half million people, is nominally under government control, but the Taliban have stepped up infiltration(浸润), staging attacks and threatening local people.
“These foreigners have their enemies, but killing Afghans is not the answer,” said Abdul Hadi, who sells homemade herbal medicine in a public market. He said international forces should publish a schedule of their patrols(巡逻) so Afghans can keep out of the way.
“Better yet, I would like to see them leave Afghanistan,” he added.
Haji Zahir, who runs a transport firm, said it was time for U.S. and other foreign forces to withdraw from the country.
“They say they want to bring security. It is all lies, lies. They kill Afghans. That is not the way to bring security,” Zahir said.
46．According to the passage, we can safely conclude that .
A．American soldiers are killing Talibans effectively
B．Anger rises as US troops kill 4 Afghans on a bus
C．NATO expressed great dissatisfaction with American troops
D．Afghan President Hamid Karzai required NATO to withdraw
47．The underlined word in Paragraph 5 nominally most probably means .
A．completely unknown to the people in the world
B．partially well-known to the people across the globe
C．bearing the name of a famous person around the world
D．officially described as something, when this is not really true
48．As for NATO soldiers’ rude action, Abdul Hadi is .
A．absolutely angry and upset
B．a little pleased but impatient
C．very angry and dissatisfied
D．impatient but bearable
49．We can infer from the passage that .
A．NATO troops can completely control Afghanistan
B．NATO troops can bring security to Afghanistan
C．Afghans will accept NATO’s control sooner or later
D．it’s impossible for NATO to conquer Afghanistan and its people
50．Which statement is true according to the passage?
A．NATO fails to win popular support for a coming offensive.
B．Kandahar is the most important city in Afghanistan.
C．NATO has really brought security to Afghanistan.
D．NATO troops will withdraw from Afghanistan in the near future.
这是一篇新闻报道， 讲述美军士兵枪杀四名阿富汗平民引起阿富汗人民的愤怒之情。
46. B 考查主旨要义。从整体和阿富汗人民愤怒的言语得出结论。
47. D考查猜测词义。从第五段第二行infiltration Kandahar和第二段第一行the 会Taliban”s birthplace可以得出答案。
48. C 考查细节理解。从第六段killing Afghans is not the answer, international forces should publish a schedule of their patrols可以得知。
49. D 考查推理判断。文中没有直接表达出来，根据第五段the Taliban have stepped up infiltration和阿富汗人民愤怒的言语得出，
50. A 考查细节理解。从第二段第二行dealt a blow to U.S. and NATO efforts to win popular support可以得出结论。
******************************************************结束
E
阅读细节理解篇******[201***·江苏省高考一模]
词数：279 体裁：科技说明文 难度：3
Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Some experts say that scientific advances will
one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span.
“ I think we are knocking at the door of immortality (永生),” said Michael Zey, a Montclair State University business professor and author of two books on the future. “ I think by 2075 we will see it and that’s a conservative estimate.”
At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology(纳米技术) make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past. “ There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years,” he said. “ Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years.”
However, many scientists who specialize in aging are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death.
Scientists also differ on what kind of life the super aged might live. “ It remains to be seen if you pass 120, you know; could you be healthy enough to have good quality of life?” said Leonard Poon, director of the University of Georgia Gerontology Center. “ At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at all.”
67. By saying “ we are knocking at the door immortality”, Michael Zey means_____.
A. they believe that there is no limit of living
B. they are sure to find the truth about long living
C. they have got some ideas about living forever
D. they are able to make people live past the present life span
67. C考查考生根据文章意思判断选择句子释义的能力。C与文章细节Some suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years.相符。
68. Donald Louria’s attitude toward long living is that_____.
A. people can live from 120 to 180
B. it is still doubtful how long humans can live
C. the human body is designed to last about 120 years
D. it is possible for humans to live longer in the future
68. D考查细节理解。本题要求考生根据相关信息进行推理判断。本题所问涉及第三段中的一处细节… Donald Louria, … said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past,与D中的 it is possible for humans to live longer in the future提法相同。
69. The underlined “ it” (Para. 4) refers to_____.
A. a great push
B. the idea of living beyond the present life span
C. the idea of living from 200 to 300
D. the conservative estimate
69. B 考查猜测词义。文章的前三个自然段讲述一些专家认为利用纳米和基因技术可以延长人类寿命，第四段则以However, many scientists who specialize in aging are doubtful about it…一句开头，转折说明许多科学家对此提出质疑，所以这个it指的是上文提出的观点。
70. What would be the best title for this text?
A. Living longer or not
B. Science, technology and long living
C. No limit for human life
D. Healthy lifestyle and long living
70. A考查主旨要义。要求考生根据内容选择最佳标题。全文的关键词应该是living longer,有肯定又有否定两方面的观点。
F
*******************************************************结束
【推断词义篇】
词数：275 体裁：科技说明文 难度：4
Australian scientists are trying to give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep in a bid
to cut the emission of greenhouse gases blamed for global warming.
Thanks to special bacteria in their stomachs, kangaroo farts contain no methane（甲烷）and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep who emit large quantities of the harmful gas.
While the usual image of greenhouse gas pollution is a billowing smokestack pushing out carbon dioxide, livestock passing wind contribute a surprisingly high percentage of total emissions in some countries.
"Fourteen percent of emissions from all sources in Australia is from enteric methane from cattle and sheep," said Athol Klieve, a senior research scientist with the Queensland state government.
"And if you look at another country such as New Zealand, which has got a much higher agricultural base, they're actually up around 50 percent," he said.
Researchers say the bacteria also makes the digestive process much more efficient and could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers.
But it will take researchers at least three years to isolate the bacteria, before they can even start to develop a way of transferring it to cattle and sheep.
Another group of scientists, meanwhile, has suggested Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos.
The idea is controversial（争议）, but about 20 percent of health conscious Australians are believed to eat the national symbol already.
"It's low in fat, it's got high protein levels and it's very clean in the sense that basically it's the ultimate free range animal（散养动物）," said Peter Ampt of the University of New South Wales's institute of environmental studies.
56. According to the passage, global warming is now mainly caused by _____ .
A. methane B. carbon dioxide C. livestock passing wind D. not mention in this passage
56. D 考查细节理解。A、B、C均是导致全球变暖的原因，但文中并没有提到哪一个是主要原因，因此答案为D文中没有提到。
57. What does the underlined phrase “the idea”（paragraph 9）refer to?
A. Australians should give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep.
B. The bacteria could make the digestive process much more efficient.
C. Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos.
D. The bacteria could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers.
57. C 考查猜测词义。从上文“另一组科学家建议澳大利亚人应少养牛羊，多吃袋鼠肉”及下文“尽管这一观点有争议，但目前约有20%健康意识较强的澳大利亚人已经吃上了被视为“国家象征”的袋鼠”可知这一观点指的是上文“澳大利亚人应少养牛羊，多吃袋鼠肉”。
58. How will Australian scientists solve the problem of global warming?
A. Eating more kangaroos.
B. Killing more cattle and sheep.
C. Letting cattle and sheep pass less wind.
D. Transferring the special bacteria in kangaroos’ stomachs to cattle and sheep.
58. A 考查推理判断。从文章第一﹑二自然段“为了减少导致全球变暖的温室气体的排放，澳大利亚科学家目前正在想办法将牛羊胃变成袋鼠式的胃。袋鼠胃中有一种特殊的细菌能使其放的屁中不含有甲烷。科学家想将这种细菌移至牛羊的胃中，以抑制它们所排放的大量有害气体。”可推断得知。
************************************************************结束
【阅读判断推理篇】
词数：284 体裁：广告 难度：3
Is veg food healthier than non-veg food? I feel this is a very common topic that people speak on．Please give me your opinions on this topic．
Rao
12-18-08
So far as veg food is concerned, it is also proved to be a healthy and nutritious diet, but has very few items which can provide us with proteins, but if you see non-veg food like eggs, chicken, and many more, such foods have a large content of proteins in them.
Sai
12-19-08
Man basically is herbivorous（食草的）. If we look at the animal kingdom
We can see that all the herbivorous animals have the similar dental（牙齿的）
structure, which clearly shows that the human being also ought to be vegetarian
by birth. It is only the living conditions that make man carnivorous（食肉的）.
The vegetarian foods are easily digestible.
Santos
12-20-08
Non-veg food items are better than veg items. A healthy person requires complete diet and veg+ meat makes the diet complete. The only caution that needs to be taken is not to have non-veg items on a daily basis. Once in a week or couple of weeks will be best.
Krishna
01-03-09
When we eat non-veg, we are all veg by nature. The chicken that we eat feeds on grains, the mutton that we eat feeds on grass, and the fish that we eat feeds on simple plants. So non-veg food by logic（逻辑）is better and suited for hauman beings.
Khan
01-05-09
Non-veg food is equally important in our diet as it helps in many ways, especially fish and other seafood as fish contains omega 3 which makes our immune system（免疫系统）stronger. Do you know that most of the veg food put together does not contain as much omega 3 as fish alone contains!
68．According to Rao, what is the problem with veg food?
A．It damages our immune system.
B．It has few nutrients.
C．It contains too much omega 3.
D．It is lacking in protein.
69．In the opinion of Sai, humans are born vegetarian because humans .
A．have the same teeth structure as plant-eating animals
B．believe that veg foods are good for their teeth
C．belong to the plant-eating animal family
D．can adapt to the living conditions like plant-eating animals
70．What advice is given by Santos?
A．To have a saily veg+ meat diet.
B．Not to eat non-veg food every day.
C．To eat digestible food every day.
D．Not to eat food without protein.
【文章大意】素食和肉食，哪一种食物更健康呢?对于这个问题的回答，仁者见仁，智者见智。
68．D考查细节理解。从文章第二栏中but has very few items which can provide us with proteins．可知Rao认为素食缺乏蛋白质。
69．A考查细节理解。根据第三栏的all the herbivorous animals have the similar dental structure，which clearly shows that the human being also 0Ilght to be vegetarian by birth可知食草动物的牙齿结构于人类的牙齿结构相似，所以Sai认为人类天生是素食的。
70．B考查细节理解。根据第四栏的The only caution that needs to be taken is not to have non-veg items on a daily basis．可知Santos建议不要天天吃肉类食物。所以选B。
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