哈尔滨2013高考英语：阅读理解训练（6）及答案或解析
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| 名称 | 哈尔滨2013高考英语：阅读理解训练（6）及答案或解析 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2012-11-12 22:10:37 | ||
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哈尔滨2013高考英语：阅读理解训练（6）及答案或解析
【阅读基本结构篇】
词数：348 体裁：议论文 难度：4
There is a boy in my gym class (I’ll call him Bill) who has unbearably yellow teeth that almost make everyone feel unpleasant. Recently another boy told Bill that he should “go Ajax” his teeth. Bill was crushed. Had the other boy been thinking, he would have realized that there is a better way to handle such a situation. He could have dealt with it with tact. He could have showed this hurtful truth in a more careful, sensitive way—that’s “tact”.
If a person isn’t sensitive to another’s feelings, there is no way he or she can be tactful. Yesterday, my 5-year-old brother proudly announced that he had cleaned the screen on our television set. Unfortunately, he used furniture polish(亮光油), which produced an oily film on the television screen. My mother smiled and thanked him for his efforts—and then showed how to clean the screen properly. Her sensitivity enables my brother to keep his self-respect. Yet, sensitivity alone does not make tact.
“Tactfulness” also requires “truthfulness”. Doctors, for example must be truthful. If a patient has just been disabled in an accident, a tactful doctor will tell the truth—but express it with sensitivity. The doctor may try to give the patient hope by telling them curing techniques under study or about advanced equipment now available. Doctors must use tact with patients relatives as well. Instead of bluntly saying, “Your husband is disabled,” a doctor might say, “I’m sorry, but your husband has lost feeling in his legs and…”
Tact should not be confused with trickery. Trickery occurs when a nurse is about to give a patient an injection and says, “This won’t hurt a bit.” Instead of trickery, the nurse might guarantee the patient that the discomfort of the injection is a small thing compared to the benefits of it. It would also be thoughtful for the nurse to tell the patients about some of these benefits.
Tact is a wonderful skill to have, and tactful people are usually admired and respected. Without tact our society would become an intolerable place to live in.
When told he should “go Ajax” his teeth, Bill probably felt ________________.
A．surprised B．cheated
C．regretful D．painful
21D考查判断推理。根据Bill was crushed“Bill的精神被摧毁”和He could have showed this hurtful truth in a more careful, sensitive way“他本能用更小心、体贴的方法提出这一痛苦的事实。”可知选D。
According to the author, his mother’s praise for the brother is _______________.
A．both sensitive and tactful B．sensitive but not tactful enough
C．truthful but not tactful D．sensitive but trickish
22B考查判断推理。根据If a person isn’t sensitive to another’s feelings, there is no way he or she can be tactful.和sensitivity alone does not make tact.可知选B。
The fourth paragraph mainly talks about __________________.
A．how to comfort the patients
B．how to use trickery carefully
C．differences between trickery and promises
D．another feature of tact
23D考查判断推理。根据文章的结构可知，2、3、4段分别讲述了tact“圆滑”的三个特点。第四段是其中的一个。故选D。
Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (The numbers stand for the paragraphs)
A． B． C． D．
24C考查文章结构。根据文章总体可知，第一段提出问题；第二、三、四段分述三个特点；第五段总结叙述圆滑的意义。
****************************************************结束
【3】
A huge cloud of dust rose and an overpass disappeared．This was the scene in Zhuzhou，Hunan Province on May 17．Nine people were killed and 16 injured．
Things were similar last year in the Sichuan earthquake．Thousands of people were buried in the ruins and lost their lives．What if we could have warned them?
People are always racking their brains to find a way of preventing buildings’ collapse．Better materials and technology help，but they are not a solution．
Just like humans，a building has its own life cycle from “birth” to “death”．If we know when a building is going to collapse，we can repair it in advance or get out of it before it falls．
Now，scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a material that turns red before it breaks．The invention could be used in things like climbing ropes or bridge supports．
The research was led by Nancy Sottos，a professor at the university’s Beckman Institute，and Douglas Davis，a graduate research assistant．
The secret behind the color-changing material is a type of molecule (分子)．A molecule is a group of atoms held together by chemical bonds．Imagine you and your friends standing in a circle，holding hands．Each person stands for one atom，your hands represent the bonds，and the entire circle represents a molecule．If one person lets go of his or her hands，the molecule changes color．
The research team put the molecule into a soft material．When the researchers stretched the material，it turned bright red for a few seconds before it broke into two pieces．When they repeatedly stretched and relaxed the material，without breaking it，it only turned a little red．
The major problem is that light can get rid of the red color．When the team shone bright light on the molecule，the broken bond was fixed，and the color disappeared．
If the bright light keeps the red color from appearing，the material’s warning system will be useless．Scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color-changing molecules can be used outside the lab．
1．What does the passage mainly introduce?
A．The collapse of an overpass in Zhuzhou，Hunan Province．
B．The Sichuan earthquake last year．
C．A material that turns red before it breaks．
D．A way of preventing building from collapsing．
2．The underlined words “racking their brains” in the third paragraph mean ．
A．suffering a lot
B．collecting beyond imagination
C．losing a lot
D．thinking very hard
3．Which of the following is a WRONG statement?
A．Thousands of people died from the collapse of buildings in the Sichuan earthquake because they hadn’t been warned．
B．There is no building that will never collapse．
C．A new material has been applied to buildings to warn people of collapse．
D．A color-changing material can turn red before it breaks．
4．What is the major problem in the research of the color-changing material?
A．Bright light can get rid of the red color．
B．When the material is relaxed，the color disappears．
C．The material’s warning system is useless．
D．The molecules only change color in the lab．
5．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The color-changing molecules are certain to be used outside the lab．
B．There will be no collapse with the help of the color-changing material．
C．There is a long way to go before the material can be applied．
D．The problem caused by bright light will be solved by scientists．
参考答案
1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C
*******************************************************结束
【阅读理解主旨大意】
Passage******
Sometimes, something that is considered to be negative tums out to be an advantage on the job. Though he is only 18 years old and blind, Suleyman Gokyigk is among the top computer technicians and programmers at Intelidata Technologies Corp. , a large software company with several offices across the United States. "After our company united with another one last October, two different computer networks were driving us crazy," recalls Douglas Braun, the InteliData president. "We couldn't even send E-mail to each other." In three weeks Mr. Gokyigit created the software needed to connect the two networks. "None of the company's 350 other employees could have done the job in three months" , says Mr. Braun. "Suleyman can'see' into the heart of the computer."
Mr. Gokyigit's gift, as Mr. Braun calls it, is an unusual ability to form an idea of the inside of a machine. "The computer permits me to reach out into the world and do almost anything I want to do," says Mr. Gokyigit.
The young programmer is at home with hardware as well, thanks partly to a highly developed sense of touch. Mitzi Nowakows-ki, an office manager at InteliData, remembers how he easily disconnected and reconnected their computer systems during a move last year. "Through feel, Suleyman can find the position of connectors, pins and wires much faster than most other people with sight,' he says.
Much of the student programmer's speed comes from his ability not to be interrupted while at the computer. When typing, he listens carefully to the synthesizer(合成器). His long, thin fingers fly over keyboard. "Nothing seems to shake his attention,' says Mrs. Nowa-kowski, his boss.
Mr. Gokyigit is the only company employee who is available (可找到的) 24 hours a day. "We consider him our top problem solver," says Mr. Braun.
1. According to Mr. Braun, Suleyman
A. can work wonders on computer
B. is the best technician in the world
C. has done a hard job in three months
D. has united InteliData Technologies Corp. with another computer company.
答案: A 指导：据全文可知，Suleyman在电脑方面有非凡的才能，故选A：其他各项均与原文有出人。
2. The underlined part "is at home with hardware" (Paragraph4) means_________.
A. is good at dealing with computer hardware
B. is fond of computer hardware
C. works with computer hardware at home
D. feels comfortable when working with computer hardware
答案: A 指导：此处的"be at home with sth．”的意思根据上下文篇应是“擅长解决……的问题”。
3. Suleyman was quick while at the computer mostly because of
A. his blindness
B. his attention on the synthesizer
C. his long, thin fingers
D. his ability not to be interrupted
答案: D 指导：文中有“．．．speed comes from his ability not to be interrupted while at the computer"，这才是他速度快的原因。
4. What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Computer technicians are more likely to be gifted.
B. One's disadvantages may prove to be advantages.
C. The disabled can also play an important role in society.
D. Top computer scientists have unusual abilities to form ideas of computers.
答案: B 指导：通常文章的首段首句为主题句。
****************************************结束
【阅读基本结构篇】
词数：348 体裁：议论文 难度：4
There is a boy in my gym class (I’ll call him Bill) who has unbearably yellow teeth that almost make everyone feel unpleasant. Recently another boy told Bill that he should “go Ajax” his teeth. Bill was crushed. Had the other boy been thinking, he would have realized that there is a better way to handle such a situation. He could have dealt with it with tact. He could have showed this hurtful truth in a more careful, sensitive way—that’s “tact”.
If a person isn’t sensitive to another’s feelings, there is no way he or she can be tactful. Yesterday, my 5-year-old brother proudly announced that he had cleaned the screen on our television set. Unfortunately, he used furniture polish(亮光油), which produced an oily film on the television screen. My mother smiled and thanked him for his efforts—and then showed how to clean the screen properly. Her sensitivity enables my brother to keep his self-respect. Yet, sensitivity alone does not make tact.
“Tactfulness” also requires “truthfulness”. Doctors, for example must be truthful. If a patient has just been disabled in an accident, a tactful doctor will tell the truth—but express it with sensitivity. The doctor may try to give the patient hope by telling them curing techniques under study or about advanced equipment now available. Doctors must use tact with patients relatives as well. Instead of bluntly saying, “Your husband is disabled,” a doctor might say, “I’m sorry, but your husband has lost feeling in his legs and…”
Tact should not be confused with trickery. Trickery occurs when a nurse is about to give a patient an injection and says, “This won’t hurt a bit.” Instead of trickery, the nurse might guarantee the patient that the discomfort of the injection is a small thing compared to the benefits of it. It would also be thoughtful for the nurse to tell the patients about some of these benefits.
Tact is a wonderful skill to have, and tactful people are usually admired and respected. Without tact our society would become an intolerable place to live in.
When told he should “go Ajax” his teeth, Bill probably felt ________________.
A．surprised B．cheated
C．regretful D．painful
21D考查判断推理。根据Bill was crushed“Bill的精神被摧毁”和He could have showed this hurtful truth in a more careful, sensitive way“他本能用更小心、体贴的方法提出这一痛苦的事实。”可知选D。
According to the author, his mother’s praise for the brother is _______________.
A．both sensitive and tactful B．sensitive but not tactful enough
C．truthful but not tactful D．sensitive but trickish
22B考查判断推理。根据If a person isn’t sensitive to another’s feelings, there is no way he or she can be tactful.和sensitivity alone does not make tact.可知选B。
The fourth paragraph mainly talks about __________________.
A．how to comfort the patients
B．how to use trickery carefully
C．differences between trickery and promises
D．another feature of tact
23D考查判断推理。根据文章的结构可知，2、3、4段分别讲述了tact“圆滑”的三个特点。第四段是其中的一个。故选D。
Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (The numbers stand for the paragraphs)
A． B． C． D．
24C考查文章结构。根据文章总体可知，第一段提出问题；第二、三、四段分述三个特点；第五段总结叙述圆滑的意义。
****************************************************结束
【3】
A huge cloud of dust rose and an overpass disappeared．This was the scene in Zhuzhou，Hunan Province on May 17．Nine people were killed and 16 injured．
Things were similar last year in the Sichuan earthquake．Thousands of people were buried in the ruins and lost their lives．What if we could have warned them?
People are always racking their brains to find a way of preventing buildings’ collapse．Better materials and technology help，but they are not a solution．
Just like humans，a building has its own life cycle from “birth” to “death”．If we know when a building is going to collapse，we can repair it in advance or get out of it before it falls．
Now，scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a material that turns red before it breaks．The invention could be used in things like climbing ropes or bridge supports．
The research was led by Nancy Sottos，a professor at the university’s Beckman Institute，and Douglas Davis，a graduate research assistant．
The secret behind the color-changing material is a type of molecule (分子)．A molecule is a group of atoms held together by chemical bonds．Imagine you and your friends standing in a circle，holding hands．Each person stands for one atom，your hands represent the bonds，and the entire circle represents a molecule．If one person lets go of his or her hands，the molecule changes color．
The research team put the molecule into a soft material．When the researchers stretched the material，it turned bright red for a few seconds before it broke into two pieces．When they repeatedly stretched and relaxed the material，without breaking it，it only turned a little red．
The major problem is that light can get rid of the red color．When the team shone bright light on the molecule，the broken bond was fixed，and the color disappeared．
If the bright light keeps the red color from appearing，the material’s warning system will be useless．Scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color-changing molecules can be used outside the lab．
1．What does the passage mainly introduce?
A．The collapse of an overpass in Zhuzhou，Hunan Province．
B．The Sichuan earthquake last year．
C．A material that turns red before it breaks．
D．A way of preventing building from collapsing．
2．The underlined words “racking their brains” in the third paragraph mean ．
A．suffering a lot
B．collecting beyond imagination
C．losing a lot
D．thinking very hard
3．Which of the following is a WRONG statement?
A．Thousands of people died from the collapse of buildings in the Sichuan earthquake because they hadn’t been warned．
B．There is no building that will never collapse．
C．A new material has been applied to buildings to warn people of collapse．
D．A color-changing material can turn red before it breaks．
4．What is the major problem in the research of the color-changing material?
A．Bright light can get rid of the red color．
B．When the material is relaxed，the color disappears．
C．The material’s warning system is useless．
D．The molecules only change color in the lab．
5．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The color-changing molecules are certain to be used outside the lab．
B．There will be no collapse with the help of the color-changing material．
C．There is a long way to go before the material can be applied．
D．The problem caused by bright light will be solved by scientists．
参考答案
1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C
*******************************************************结束
【阅读理解主旨大意】
Passage******
Sometimes, something that is considered to be negative tums out to be an advantage on the job. Though he is only 18 years old and blind, Suleyman Gokyigk is among the top computer technicians and programmers at Intelidata Technologies Corp. , a large software company with several offices across the United States. "After our company united with another one last October, two different computer networks were driving us crazy," recalls Douglas Braun, the InteliData president. "We couldn't even send E-mail to each other." In three weeks Mr. Gokyigit created the software needed to connect the two networks. "None of the company's 350 other employees could have done the job in three months" , says Mr. Braun. "Suleyman can'see' into the heart of the computer."
Mr. Gokyigit's gift, as Mr. Braun calls it, is an unusual ability to form an idea of the inside of a machine. "The computer permits me to reach out into the world and do almost anything I want to do," says Mr. Gokyigit.
The young programmer is at home with hardware as well, thanks partly to a highly developed sense of touch. Mitzi Nowakows-ki, an office manager at InteliData, remembers how he easily disconnected and reconnected their computer systems during a move last year. "Through feel, Suleyman can find the position of connectors, pins and wires much faster than most other people with sight,' he says.
Much of the student programmer's speed comes from his ability not to be interrupted while at the computer. When typing, he listens carefully to the synthesizer(合成器). His long, thin fingers fly over keyboard. "Nothing seems to shake his attention,' says Mrs. Nowa-kowski, his boss.
Mr. Gokyigit is the only company employee who is available (可找到的) 24 hours a day. "We consider him our top problem solver," says Mr. Braun.
1. According to Mr. Braun, Suleyman
A. can work wonders on computer
B. is the best technician in the world
C. has done a hard job in three months
D. has united InteliData Technologies Corp. with another computer company.
答案: A 指导：据全文可知，Suleyman在电脑方面有非凡的才能，故选A：其他各项均与原文有出人。
2. The underlined part "is at home with hardware" (Paragraph4) means_________.
A. is good at dealing with computer hardware
B. is fond of computer hardware
C. works with computer hardware at home
D. feels comfortable when working with computer hardware
答案: A 指导：此处的"be at home with sth．”的意思根据上下文篇应是“擅长解决……的问题”。
3. Suleyman was quick while at the computer mostly because of
A. his blindness
B. his attention on the synthesizer
C. his long, thin fingers
D. his ability not to be interrupted
答案: D 指导：文中有“．．．speed comes from his ability not to be interrupted while at the computer"，这才是他速度快的原因。
4. What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Computer technicians are more likely to be gifted.
B. One's disadvantages may prove to be advantages.
C. The disabled can also play an important role in society.
D. Top computer scientists have unusual abilities to form ideas of computers.
答案: B 指导：通常文章的首段首句为主题句。
****************************************结束