2022届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句课件（15张ppt）

(共15张PPT)
定语从句
定义：在复合句中修饰先行词如_______或_________的从句叫做定语从句。一般是紧跟在________之后。
名词
代词
先行词
结构：名词+引导词+从句部分
I like the beautiful girl.
I like the girl who lives next door.
who lives next door.
考点1.---关系代词：
请在下列横线上填上恰当的关系代词
1. The man ________________I saw told me to wait.
2. This is the place ______________we visited last year.
3. Tom’s the boy _________ hair is black in our class.
4. The gift ___________ is very beautiful was bought yesterday.
5. The reason ___________ he gave us was quite reasonable.
6. ____ you told me, he was from America.
7.The room, _________window faces south, belongs to her.
8. Tom still talks like the man ________ he was ten years ago.
who/whom/that
which/that
whose
which/that
which/that
As
whose
that
小结：从句缺_____, _____,____用上述关系代词:_______________________________
主
定
宾/表
that, which, who, whom, whose, as
解题步骤：
1) 找主句，从句，先行词；
2) 看此先行词在从句中充当什么成分
先行词是物：
①缺主语，用：_______________;
②缺宾语，用：_____________;
先行词是人
①缺主语，用：___________;
②缺宾语，用：_______________;
先行词是人或物
③缺表语，用：______;
④缺定语，用：_________;
that/which
that/which
that/who
that/who/whom
that
whose
考点2--关系副词______________
请在下列横线上填上恰当的关系词
1. Please tell me the reason ______ you missed the plane.
2. I still remember the day ______ my brother joined the army.
3. This is the place ______ they meet each other.
4. The way ____________ you answered the question was admirable.
when, where, why
why
when
where
（that/in which）
解题步骤：
1) 找主句，从句，先行词；
2) 看此先行词在从句中充当什么成分
（1）缺时间状语，用 _______; 缺地点状语，用 _______; 缺原因状语，用_____.
（2）先行词是the way, 用______________.
when
where
why
that/ in which或省略
考点3.---限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
1. He is a man __________________ I can ask for help.
2. His father , ______ works in Beijing, came back.
3. His father, _________ you met in Beijing, came back.
4. The book ________ I bought yesterday was lent to him.
5. The book, ______ was published last year, is presented as a gift to him.
6. Those ______ help you must be appreciated.
who/whom/that
who
whom/who
which/that
which
who
注意：
在非限制性定语从句中，或先行词是指人的those, people, he, few, anyone, everyone, one(s)等定语从句时，不能用关系代词_____.
that
考点4.- 非限制性定语从句which与as
1. I bought a house, ________ is very big.
2. The sun heats the earth, ______is very important to us.
which
which
关系词指代__________
a house
关系词指代__________________________
The sun heats the earth整句话
总结一：which 在从句中既可以指代_______，也可以指代_______.
填上恰当的关系代词并思考关系词指代名词还是一个句子。
名词词组
整句话
1.____ we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
2.Alice received an invitation from her boss, ______ came as a surprise.
As
which
关系词指代_________
关系词指代_________
总结二：as 与which引导非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容，which意为:“_______”
但定语从句位于句首时，只能用 ____ 意为“_________”。
整句话
整句话
这…
as
正如…那样
考点4.--- 介词+关系代词
请判断先行词是人还是物，填上合适的关系词：
1.This is the boy with______ I played tennis.
2. This is a subject about _____ we might argue for a long time.
3. This is the house from ______ room you can see the park.
whom
which
whose
小结：指人：介词+______；
指物：介词+_____；
缺定语，用介词+ ______
whom
which
whose
请在下列横线上填上适当的介词：
4.This is the teacher _______whom I borrowed the book.
5. I will never forget the day ___which he made the speech.
如何选择介词？
①由_________________的习惯搭配而定。
②由______________的习惯搭配而定。
from
on
从句的谓语动词
先行词
考点5.---用关系代词that或which
1.The wind blew down the tallest tree ______ is in front of our school gate.
2. Look at the boy and his dog ________are coming this way.
3. You can read any book _______I have.
4. Tom is the first boy _______left the room.
5. He is the very/only person ______ I’m looking for.
6. Everything ___________they said was true.
that
that
that
that
that
that
思考：关系代词只使用that的情况
1.先行词是____________________________
___________________________等不定代词时;
2.先行词前有不定代词___________________
________________________等修饰时;
3.先行词被形容词_____级或______数词修饰;
4.先行词中既有____又有______时；
5.先行词被the _____, the ______等修饰.
everything, nothing, anything,something, much, little, none, all(人/物)
any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all
最高
序
人
物
very
only
考点6---定语从句与并列句或简单句
请在下列横线上填上适当的代词
①Mr Li has three daughters, none of _____ is an engineer．
②Mr Li has three daughters, but none of ______ is a dancer．
③Mr Li has three daughters and ______ are doctors．
④ Mr Li has three daughters, _______ are doctors
⑤The mother told the lazy boy to work. However，_____ didn’t help．
whom
them
they
who
it
小结：并列分句或简单句用_____代词；
定语从句用_______代词
人称
关系
考点7---定语从句与强调句
1. It is the house _______I met the young man.
2. It was in the house _______ I met the young man.
小结：上述定语从句(题____)，其前面的先行词是______词，此it有没有意义？_______.
上述强调句(题____)中的被强调成分在句子中作____语，此it有没有意义？______.
where
that
状
没有
名
2
1
有