UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂
默想下面单词的词性及含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。
1.cholera 2.dehydration 3.contradictory
4.germ 5.pump 6.household
7.raw 8.substantial 9.statistic
10.epidemiology 11.microscope 12.protein
13.cell 14.virus 15.vaccine
16.framework 17.solid 18.rainbow
19.aerospace 20.patriotic 21.mechanical
22.mechanic 23.aviation 24.jet
25.missile 26.concept 27.astronomer
28.astronomy 29.telescope 30.brilliant
31.initial 32.furthermore 33.trace
[自主核对区]
1．n.霍乱 2.n.脱水 3.adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
4．n.微生物；细菌；病菌 5.n.泵；抽水机；打气筒 6.n.一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人 7.adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 8.adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的
9．n.[pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学 10.n.流行病学 11.n.显微镜 12.n.蛋白质 13.n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房
14．n.病毒 15.n.疫苗 16.n.框架；结构 17.adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n．固体 18.n.彩虹 19.n.航空航天工业 20.adj.爱国的 21.adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的
22．n.机械师；机械修理工 23.n.航空制造业；航空；飞行 24.n.喷气式飞机 25.n.导弹 26.n.概念；观念 27.n.天文学家 28.n.天文学 29.n.望远镜 30.adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的 31.adj.最初的；最开始的；第一的 32.adv.此外；再者 33.vt.追溯；追踪；查出
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
1．multiple adj. 数量多的；多种多样的
2．blame vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责
n. 责备；指责
3．handle n. 把手；拉手；柄
vt. 处理；搬动；操纵(车辆；动物；
工具等)
4．link n. 联系；纽带
vt. 把……连接起来；相关联
5．decrease n. 减少；降低；减少量
vi &vt. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
6．besides prep. 除……之外(还)
adv. 而且；此外
7．cast vt. 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；
投掷
8．shadow n. 阴影；影子；背光处
9．pour vt. 倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)
10．concrete n. 混凝土
adj. 混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
11．thinking n. 思想；思维；见解
12．outstanding adj. 优秀的；杰出的；明显的
13．abstract adj. 抽象的；理性的
n. (文献等的)摘要
14．fault n. 弱点；过错
15．shift n. 改变；转换；轮班
vi.&vt. 转移；挪动；转向
[语境活用]——根据汉语意思填写单词
1．(2019·江苏卷满分作文)Besides(此外), the choice of the traditional Chinese dress means extra money.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased(减少) pollution in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
3．Mr.Yang handled(处理) the situation very perfectly and was highly thought of by the manager.
4．In order to achieve air quality improvements, more than 3 million households will shift(转向) to electricity or natural gas as a replacement for coal.
5．A subway line will link(连接) the airport to the city centre.
6．As a city teenager used to the forest of concrete(混凝土制的) buildings, streams of vehicles and skies of smog, I found farm life an eye opening experience.
7．When you want to relax after a long day of work, turn on your TV and pour(斟) yourself a cup of hot chocolate to make yourself refreshed.
8．As is known to us all, Chen Wei is an outstanding(杰出的) Chinese women scientist in the field of medicine.
9．It wasn't my fault(过错) and I didn't know about it at all.
10．He often blames(把……归咎于) his failures on the world instead of working diligently.
11．The death of her husband has cast(投射) a shadow on her life.
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
1．severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→severely adv.严重地
2．frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrating adj.令人沮丧的→frustration n．懊丧；懊恼→frustrate v．使懊恼；使沮丧
3．infect v．使感染；传染→infection n．感染；传染→infectious adj.传染性的
4．subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)→subscription n．订阅费，会员费
5．proof n．证据；证明；检验→prove v．证明；证实
6．suspect vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象→suspicious adj.可疑的；怀疑的
7．Intervention n．介入；出面；干涉→intervene v．干涉
8．pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→purity n．纯度；纯洁；纯净；纯粹→purely adv.完全；仅仅
9．transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→transformation n．转化；转换；改造；变换→transformer n．变压器
10．finding n．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决→find vt.找到
11．defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defence n．防卫→defensive adj.自卫的；防御用的
12．assistant n．助理；助手→assist vt.援助→assistance n．帮助，援助
13．leadership n．领导；领导地位；领导才能→leader n．领导者→lead v．带领；领路；领导→leading adj.一流的；领先的
14．gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift_n．礼物；天赋
15．steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.稳定地
16．vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→vividly adv.清晰地；生动地；强烈地
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2020·新高考山东卷)On his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected(suspect) of drug dealing.
2．That country has transformed from a backward agricultural country into an advanced industrial country. That is to say the country has made a complete transformation．(transform)
3．In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.(defend)
4．He described vividly what he saw in London, giving us a vivid picture about people's life there.(vivid)
5．Due to the outbreak of infectious disease, people all over the world who don't want to be infected are wearing masks to reduce the risk of infection．(infect)
6．If you want to read the news using your mobile phone, you can subscribe to the digital newspaper and the annual subscription is just $20.(subscribe)
7．Researchers conducted an experiment to prove the common saying—an apple a day keeps the doctor away, and scientific proof has been found.(prove)
8．Siri, a virtual assistant created by Apple, has the ability to assist the users to perform certain actions and Siri's assistance provides great convenience.(assist)
9．Research finds that busy parents and growing children are spending less family time together. According to the latest findings,_the average families get together for just 45 minutes a day.(find)
10．He was filled with frustration at the frustrating result. He was frustrated that he didn't study hard.(frustrate)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现
1．once_and_for_all 最终地；彻底地
2．subscribe_to 同意；赞同
3．thanks_to 幸亏；由于
4．break_out (战争、打斗等不愉快的
事情)突然开始；爆发
5．in_charge_of 主管；掌管
6．come_down 患(病)；染上(小病)
7．above_all 最重要的是；尤其是
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．(2020·天津卷7月)While libraries still loan out(出借) books, you'll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you're looking for, thanks_to a cooperative network of area libraries.
2．The young generation finds it hard to subscribe_to the values of an older one, which is called generation gap.
3．Our department will be in_charge_of_arranging the conference.
4．Only when the big fire which broke_out last week was put out would the villagers be allowed to return to their homes.
5．We'd like to employ a secretary who is friendly, hard working, and above_all,_able to deal with something unexpected.
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.后缀 sion构成的名词集锦
①conclusion 结论；结束
②confusion 混乱
③expression 词语；表达方式
④revision 修正；复习
⑤permission 允许
⑥profession 职业；专业
2.“观点；态度”的高频形容词
①suspicious 怀疑的
②negative 消极的
③subjective 主观的
④objective 客观的
⑤doubtful 怀疑的
⑥critical 批评的
⑦positive 积极的
3.名词用作动词的高频词汇聚焦
①handle n． 把手→vt.处理
②nurse n. 护士→vt.护理
③face n. 脸→vt.面对
④bridge n. 桥→vt.沟通
⑤drink n. 饮料→vt.喝；饮
(三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他发现，在两条特别的街上，霍乱疫情非常严重，以至于十天内就有500多人死亡。 “so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……” 1.(2019·天津卷)汤姆如此独立，以至于除非他需要父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。Tom is so_independent_that he never asks his parents' opinion unless he wants their support.
It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.这名妇女似乎非常喜欢饮用水泵里的水，因此她每天都让人送水到她家。 “have sth. done”意为“让/请人做某事” 2.克莱尔在飞机起飞前一小时让人检查了她的行李。Claire had_her_luggage_checked an hour before her plane left.
He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme.他受到了来自祖国的对待英雄般的欢迎。他不仅被任命负责发展中国的火箭科学，还负责中国的太空和导弹计划。 “not only...but also...”意为“不但……而且……” 3.它不仅可以使我们接近大自然，在繁忙的学习中得以放松，而且促进了我们之间的友谊。Not_only_did_it_get_us_close_to_nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work, but_it_also_promoted_the_friendship among us.
However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing.然而，使他成为一位如此杰出和富有创造力的科学家的可能是他对其他事物的浓厚兴趣，比如音乐和绘画。 “make＋宾语＋宾补”结构 4.(2020·天津卷7月)我们决心向优秀的同学学习，成为对整个社会有用的人。We are determined to follow the examples of our excellent schoolmates and make_ourselves_useful to the whole society.
suspect vt.& vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Didn't you notice anything suspicious(suspect) in his behavior
②She suspected her husband of taking her money.
③The teacher was suspicious of/about the student's furtive (偷偷摸摸的) behavior during the exam.
[再写美]——句型转换
④I suspect him to be the thief, as he can't explain the source of his money.
→I suspect that_he_is the thief, as he can't explain the source of his money.(宾语从句)
(1)suspect sb.of (doing) sth.
怀疑某人(做)某事
suspect sb. to be/as... 怀疑某人是……
(2)suspicious adj. 怀疑的；可疑的
be suspicious of/about 对……怀疑
[佳句背诵] He was suspected of stealing the ring at the party last night, and the police were looking into the matter. 他涉嫌在昨晚的聚会上偷戒指，警方正在调查此事。
blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n．责备；指责
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2018·江苏卷满分作文)It's unwise for us to blame the increase of ratings on high consumption.
②It was the professor rather than his assistant that was to_blame(blame) for what had happened in the lab.
③(全国卷Ⅲ)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.
[再写美]——微写作
④他没有因为工厂的倒闭而责怪任何人。
He doesn't blame_anyone_for_the_shutdown_of_his_factory．
blame sb. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事责备某人
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for...) 应(为……)承担责任；
该(为……)受责备
lay/put the blame on... 把责任归咎于……
[佳句背诵] Instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.
我们应该多交流、 换位思考而不是相互责怪。
[名师点津] be to blame中不能用被动语态，该短语用主动语态表示被动含义。
link n．联系；纽带 vt.把…连接起来；相关联
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(浙江卷)The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later.
②(江苏卷)Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked(link) to El Ni o, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)The purpose of the HUNCH program is to link space technology with school education.
[再写美]——句式升级
④(普通表达)The girl likes yellow that is linked with confidence and self respect.
(高级表达)The girl likes yellow linked_with_confidence_and_self respect. (用非谓语动词改写)
link...to/with 把……连接/联系起来
link up with
Times New Romanh 与……连接，结合
be linked to/with 和……连接；和……有联系
[佳句背诵] According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
根据最近的一项调查，每年有四百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
decrease n．减少；降低；减少量 vi.&vt.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The number of car accidents is on the decrease.
②By the end of the study, that percentage had decreased by half, to 45 percent.
③We have no idea when the housing prices will decrease to the level we can afford.
④There has been a decrease in our imports over the years.
[再写美]——词汇升级
⑤(普通表达)The number of such people is decreasing now, which shows that people are becoming more reasonable.
(高级表达)The number of such people is on_the_decrease now, which shows that people are becoming more reasonable.
(1)decrease by... 减少了……
decrease to... 减少到……
(2)on the decrease 在减少
[佳句背诵] Being addicted to online shopping for too long, according to a survey conducted recently, will greatly decrease people's desire to take part in social activities.
根据最近进行的一项调查，长时间沉迷于网络购物将极大地减少人们参加社交活动的欲望。
transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变
[先练会]——补全句子/单句语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷7月) New power machinery and artificial fertilizers (化肥) have now totally_transformed_a_way_of_life (彻底改变了一种生活方式) that started in the Stone Age.
②(2020·浙江卷7月)I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful.
③(2020·江苏卷)The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation(transform)．
[再写美]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)Your generous help and tender care turned my first American trip into an unforgettable memory.
(高级表达)Your generous help and tender care transformed my first American trip into an unforgettable memory.
(1)transform...into... 把……变成……
transform sb./sth. from... 把某人/某物
从……中转变
(2)transformation n． 转化；转换；变换；改变；变革
[佳句背诵] I'm fully aware that it's the experience from my life abroad that has totally transformed me.我充分意识到， 正是在国外的生活经历完全改变了我。
[名师点津] 常见“trans ”词根的单词有：
(1)transplant v．移植；(2)translate v．翻译；
(3)transmit v．传送，传播；(4)transfer v．转移，转让；(5)transparent adj.透明的，清澈的
cast vt.(cast, cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①He was_cast(cast) down for several days after he heard the bad news.
②His diary cast light on/upon life in England in the seventeenth century.
[再写美]——微写作
③他看了我一眼，又继续看信去了。
Casting_a_look/glance_at_me,_he went on reading the letter.
④别让今天的失望给明天的梦想带去阴影。
Don't let today's disappointment cast_a_shadow_on tomorrow's dreams.
cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影
cast about 寻找，搜索，想办法
cast down 使……沮丧
cast a vote 投票
cast light on/upon 使有新认识；使真相大白
cast a look/glance (at) 看一眼
[佳句背诵] People can cast online votes themselves in favor of those they adore. 人们可以在网上投票支持他们非常喜欢的人。(江苏卷)
fault n．弱点；过错
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The plan is faulty(fault) in every respect so we should perfect it.
②She was highly self critical and also found fault with her friends.
[再写美]——微写作
③没有人知道火车失事是谁的错误。
Nobody knew who was_at_fault_for the train accident.
(1)find fault with 挑剔，找茬
at fault 负有责任；有过错
(2)faulty adj. 有错误的；不完美的
[佳句背诵] The sweater had a fault in it and I had to take it back.
这件毛衣有瑕疵，我只好退货。
above all 最重要的是；尤其是
[先练会]——用all的相关短语填空
①(2019·江苏卷)After_all，not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts，feelings，and most importantly，equal rights to survive.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)All_in_all，I'd like to express my warm welcome to you and your performance.
[再写美]——微写作
③最重要的是，我很擅长英语口语，所以我与外国人交流没有困难。
Above_all,_I am good at spoken English, so I have_no_difficulty_in_communicating_with_foreigners．
after all 毕竟；终究
all in all 整体说来；总而言之
in all 全部；合计
at all (否定句)一点也不；
(疑问句)到底；究竟
first of all 首先
[佳句背诵] If you want to be popular, above all, join in our class activities and make contributions to our class if possible. 如果你想受欢迎， 首先， 参加我们的班级活动， 如果可能的话对班级做些贡献。
“have sth. done”意为“让/请人做某事”
(教材P2)It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
这名妇女似乎非常喜欢饮用水泵里的水，因此她每天都让人送水到她家。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)These include plants that have sensors printed(print) onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.
②Uncle Sam won't have my father and me returning(return) to the farm too late.
③It was cold, and she had the fire burning(burn) day and night.
④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)We students have various activities to_take(take) part in after class.
⑤I am going to see my son next week. Do you have anything to_be_taken(take) to your son
[再写美]——句式升级
⑥(普通表达)Training for the basketball game can strengthen both our body and teamwork.
(高级表达)Training for the basketball game can have_both_our_body_and_teamwork_strengthened．(have＋宾语＋宾补)
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
本句为“have sth.done”复合结构，此结构中的宾语与宾语补足语之间是动宾关系。
(1)have sb.do sth. 让某人做某事
(2)have sb.doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
can't/won't have sb.doing sth.
不允许某人做某事
(3)have sth.to do 有某事要做
(主语自己做)
have sth.to be done 有某事要做
(不是主语自己做)
[佳句背诵] If anyone happens to drop in while I am out, have him or her leave a message.
如果我不在时有人来访，让他/她留个口信。(福建卷)
[名师点津]
(1)have是使役动词时，要考虑have sb.doing、have sb.do和have sth.done。
(2)have是及物动词“有”含义时，要考虑have sth.to do。
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．She added that the concept of arranged marriages is misunderstood in the west.n.概念，观念
2．A substantial number of mothers with young children are deterred from undertaking paid work because they lack access to childcare.adj.大量的
3．Customs officials have made a series of contradictory statements about the equipment.adj.相互矛盾的
4．We need to establish a legal framework for the protection of the environment.n.机制
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．I think that he is the prime suspect in the case.n.嫌疑犯
2．He was shadowed for a week by the secret police.v.跟踪
3．He put forward a plan to abstract 8 million gallons of water from the river.v.抽取
4．(江苏卷)People not only cast online votes themselves，but also urge others to vote for competitions like the “Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”．v.投票
Ⅲ.一词多义——根据语境选出subscribe to的含义
A．订购，订阅 B．捐款，捐助
C．同意，赞成 D．申请加入
1．Usenet is a collection of discussion groups, known as newsgroups, which anybody can subscribe to.D
2．Amy thought it was worthwhile to read English newspapers every day so she subscribed to the 21st Century.A
3．Do you subscribe to the view that teenagers should be given more freedom to do whatever they like？C
4．He subscribes regularly to Amnesty International.B
提能训练二 课文语法填空
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
Cholera used to be one of the most feared 1.diseases(disease) in the world until John Snow showed how it could be overcome. Cholera, as 2.a deadly disease of its day, threatened ordinary people. No one knew its cause or its cure. Every time cholera broke out, large numbers of 3.frightened(frighten) people died. John Snow was determined 4.to_solve(solve) this problem. He knew only if he found its cause would it be controlled.
There were two theories that 5.possibly(possible) explained how people got infected. John Snow 6.subscribed(subscribe) to the theory that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.
In 1854 another outbreak of cholera hit London. John Snow decided to investigate. He marked the places on a map, 7.which gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. He found many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.Some households had no deaths 8.because these people drank free beer. It seemed that the water pump was 9.to_blame(blame). He made further research and concluded that polluted water led to the disease. Finally “King Cholera” 10.was_defeated(defeat). Thanks to John Snow, we now know how to prevent cholera.
提能训练三 用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你校下个月要举行科技节，现面向全体学生征文，请用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你对科学精神的见解。
1．科学精神应包括一些非常宝贵的品质，如专心致志、坚持不懈、永不放弃、创造力等等；
2．正是因为这些精神，科学家们得以取得如此卓越的成就；
3．钱学森、袁隆平等都在自己的领域做出了突出的贡献；
4．作为学生，我们应该把这些科学精神应用于学习中，以实现我们的目标；
5．生活中，我们也要向这些伟大的科学家学习他们的科学精神，来处理我们遇到的困难和问题。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
■审题谋篇
■遣词造句
Ⅰ.单元相关语块
1．thanks_to 幸亏；由于
2．handle vt. 处理；操纵
3．outstanding adj. 杰出的；优秀的
4．besides prep. 除……之外
5．missile n. 导弹
6．decrease v. 减少；降低
Ⅱ.单元语块运用
1．完成句子
①在我看来，科学精神包括一些高尚的品质。
As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_scientific spirits include some noble qualities.
②多亏了科学精神，伟大的科学家们取得了许多突出的成就。
Thanks_to the scientific spirits, the great scientists have_made_many_outstanding_achievements．
③没有钱学森在导弹和火箭方面全心全意的工作，中国就不会在短时间内成为世界上一个如此强大的国家。
Without Qian Xuesen's devoted work on missiles and rockets, China wouldn't have become such_a_powerful_country/so_powerful_a_country in the world in a short time.
④袁隆平研制的杂交水稻大大减少了世界上饥饿人口的数量。
The hybrid rice that Yuan Longping developed has_decreased_the_number of the hungry people around the world greatly.
⑤此外，作为学生，如果我们能把科学精神用于我们的学习中，那么我们一定会实现我们的目标。
Besides,_as students, if we can apply_the_scientific_spirits_to_our_study,_we will certainly achieve our goals.
⑥在日常生活中，我们也要向伟大的科学家们学习他们的科学精神，来处理我们遇到的困难和问题。
In our daily life, we should also learn the scientific spirits from the great scientists to_handle_difficulties_and_problems_we_meet_with．
2．句式升级
⑦把句③改写为一个含有if条件从句的主从复合句
If_it_had_not_been_for_Qian_Xuesen's_devoted_work_on_missiles_and_rockets,_China_wouldn't_have_become_such_a_powerful_country/so_powerful_a_country_in_the_world_in_a_short_time.
■妙笔成篇
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One possible version：
As far as I am concerned, scientific spirits include some noble qualities, such as devotion, persistence, never giving up and creativity.
Thanks to the scientific spirits, the great scientists have made many outstanding achievements. For instance, if it had not been for Qian Xuesen's devoted work on missiles and rockets, China wouldn't have become such a powerful country/so powerful a country in the world in a short time. Similarly, the hybrid rice that Yuan Longping developed has decreased the number of the hungry people around the world. Their contributions can't be ignored. So we should show respect for the great scientists and learn the scientific spirits from them.
Besides, as students, if we can apply the scientific spirits to our study, we will certainly achieve our goals. In our daily life, we should also learn the scientific spirits from the great scientists to handle the difficulties and problems we meet with.
提能训练四 读后续写22
Ⅰ.选词填空(介绍伟大人物的事迹)
failed to, undertaking, leading, take a rest, advanced age, comes to the fore, battling, appointed, busy schedule, inform
In the fight against the SARS epidemic, Zhong Nanshan became a hero in the hearts of many Chinese people for his courage in 1.undertaking responsibility. Today, this hero 2.comes_to_the_fore once again and continues to reassure people while the nation is 3.battling the COVID 19.
As a 4.leading Chinese respiratory (呼吸科的) expert, Zhong was 5.appointed the head of the expert team to support Wuhan. Despite his 6.advanced_age,_he took on the task without any hesitation.
Due to heavy traffic, Zhong 7.failed_to book any airline or high speed train tickets. Instead, he had to settle for a temporary seat in the dining cab of an overnight train. Even so, he didn't 8.take_a_rest that day and studied the information along the long and tiresome trip.
After his arrival, he maintained his 9.busy_schedule. Apart from numerous meetings, Zhong also worked as a messenger to 10.inform the public of the latest situation, which effectively stopped the public's panic. From him, we learned an important lesson—morale (士气), solidarity (团结) and cooperation are very important.
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(勇于尝试)
1．“You will never know what you are capable of unless you give it a try.” encouraged my dad.
2．There were my friends, cheering like crazy, which brought tears to my eyes. I waved back and gave them a determined look, the one saying I would never quit.
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19UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂
默想下面单词的词性及含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。
1.tutor 2.cite 3.messenger
4.edition 5.zone 6.homesickness
7.insight 8.setting 9.tremendous
10.mature 11.boom 12.optimistic
13.perspective 14.envoy 15.angle
16.outlook 17.belt 18.logical
19.overwhelming 20.dramatic 21.initiative
[自主核对区]
1．n.(英国大学中的)助教；导师；家庭教师 2.vt.引用；引述
3．n.送信人；信使 4.n.(报纸、杂志)一份；(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑；版次 5.n.(有别于周围的)地区；地带；区域
6．n.思乡病；乡愁 7.n.洞察力；眼光 8.n.环境；背景；(小说等的)情节背景 9.adj.巨大的；极大的 10.adj.成熟的
11．vi.& n．迅速发展；繁荣 12.adj.乐观的 13.n.(思考问题的)角度；观点 14.n.使者；使节；代表 15.n.角；角度；立场 16.n.前景；可能性；观点 17.n.腰带；地带 18.adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的 19.adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的 20.adj.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；喜剧(般)的
21．n.倡议；新方案
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
1．complex adj. 复杂的；难懂的；(语法)
复合的
2．recall vi.& vt. 记起；回想起
3．grasp vt. 理解；领会；抓紧
4．expense n. 费用；花费；开销
5．gain vt. 获得；赢得；取得；增加
n. 好处；增加
6．budget n. 预算
7．outcome n. 结果；效果
[语境活用]——根据汉语意思填写单词
1．(2020·天津卷7月)All who participated have gained(获得) a positive outcome from getting involved.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)While decorating the house, whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense(费用) put into it are significant.
3．At that time, we did not fully grasp(理解) the significance of what had happened.
4．The old man recalled(回想起) his own middle school years to share with kids his own experience and to teach them about morals.
5．With the popularity of e books, bookstores are finding it increasingly difficult to remain within their budgets(预算)．
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
1．qualify vi.& vt.(使)具备资格；(使)合格→qualified adj.有资格的；能胜任的→qualification n．资格；资历
2．ambition n．追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的
3．sincerely adv.真诚地；诚实地→sincere adj.真诚的→sincerity n．真诚
4．comfort n．安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰→comfortable adj.合适的；舒适的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的→comforting adj.令人安慰的
5．participate vi.参加；参与→participation n．参加；参与→participant n．参与者
6．presentation n．报告；陈述；出示；拿出→present vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；赠送 adj.当前的；出席的 n．礼物
7．engage vi.参加；参与(活动)vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)→engaged adj.忙于……的；已订婚的；占线的→engagement n．婚约；订婚；雇用；参与
8．involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→involved adj.有牵连的，有关的→involvement n．参与
9．motivate vt.成为……的动机；激发；激励→motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n．动力；积极性；动机
10．cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合→cooperation n．合作；协作→cooperative adj.合作的
11．reasonable adj.有道理的；合情理的→reasonably adv.合理地→reason n．原因；理由
12．expectation n．期望；预期；期待→expect vt.& vi.预料；期待；期望
13．applicant n．申请人→apply v．运用；涉及；申请→application n．应用；用途；申请→applied adj.应用的
14．firm n．公司；商行；事务所adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的→firmly adv.坚定地；坚固地
15．expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)→exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露→exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的
16．strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固→strength n．力量；长处→strong adj.强壮的→strongly adv.强有力地；坚强地
17．depress vt.使沮丧；使忧愁→depressing adj.令人沮丧的→depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→depression n．沮丧，消沉
18．surroundings n．环境；周围的事物→surround vt.包围；围绕→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly(firm) rooted.
2．(2020·新高考山东卷)People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable(comfort)．
3．(2020·浙江卷7月) I believe in the near future, we will live up to your expectations(expect)．
4．(2020·天津卷7月)Galileo was not merely ambitious(ambition) when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.
5．Any applicant who would like to apply to become an assistant in our company should send us an application before next Monday.(apply)
6．The two countries agreed to set up a strategic cooperative relationship, which meant to expand cooperation from economics to all areas.(cooperate)
7．We encouraged anyone to participate in the singing competition and the participant who wins will be given a gift as prize for the participation．(participate)
8．He has been engaged in preparing for his son's engagement to his girlfriend these days. (engage)
9．I think our offer is reasonable and realistic and you have no reason to turn it down. (reason)
10．The famous star was enjoying the pleasant surroundings when he was recognized and was surrounded by a crowd of fans.(surround)
11．Prolonged (长久的) exposure to harmful radiation will cause great harm to your health, so never expose yourself to it.(expose)
12．All the players were depressed about the depressing result, which depressed the captain too. (depress)
13．David has a strong body.He has the strength to do this hard work.We had better strengthen the relationship with him.(strength)
14．If you expect progress in your study, you are supposed to get actively involved in class and sooner or later, your full involvement will pay off. (involve)
15．Motivation drives a person to try to achieve a goal. For example, a motivated athlete can outdo himself even in the most difficult competition. (motivate)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现
1．participate_in 参加；参与
2．speak_up 大声点说；明确表态
3．feel_at_home 舒服自在；不拘束
4．engage_in (使)从事；参与
5．get_involved_in 参与；卷入；与……有关联
6．cost_an_arm_and_a_leg (使)花一大笔钱
7．side_with 支持；站在……的一边
8．as_far_as_I_know 据我所知
9．in_summary 总的来说；总之
10．as_far_as_I_am_concerned 就我而言；依我看来
11．generally_speaking 一般来说
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Generally_speaking,_your arrival shouldn't be later than the fixed time.
2．As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_the short message is typical of information technology, but it needs to be used with care.
3．More than 30 software companies got_involved_in the project to further the cooperation.
4．Playing sports in senior middle school can even help with college admission, which is why they participate_in many kinds of games.
5．As_far_as_I_know,_Alice was admitted as a member of the national basketball team.
6．(牛津词典) She addressed me with an easy familiarity that made me feel_at_home．
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.“建议”高频词小结
①advice n． 建议；忠告
②advise vt. 建议；忠告
③suggest vt. 建议；提议
④suggestion n. 建议；提议
⑤proposal n. 提议；建议
⑥propose v. 建议；提议
⑦recommend vt. 建议；推荐
2.“参加”荟萃
①participate in 参加
②engage in 参与；从事
③get engaged in 参与；从事
④join in 参加；加入
⑤get involved in 参与
⑥take part in 参加
⑦compete in 参加(比赛)
3.“说”法荟萃
①speak up 大声点说
②whisper vi.& vt. 小声说；耳语
③inform vt. 通知；告知
④announce vt. 宣告；宣布
⑤declare vt. 宣布；声明
⑥state vt. 声明；陈述
⑦chat vi.& n. 聊天；闲聊
(三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
It was the first time that she had left China.这是她第一次离开中国。 “It is/was the＋序数词＋time that...”意为“这是第……次……” 1.这是他第一次来到上海，希望能大赚一笔。This_is_the_first_time_that_he_has_come to Shanghai, looking to make a fortune.
The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought！ 当她第一次必须写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点，就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己的想法。 the first time (that)．..引导时间状语从句 2.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)我第一次去那里时，他们和狗、鸭子和其他动物住在一个小房子里。The_first_time_I_went_there,_they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and other animals.
While I'm learning about business, I'm also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us. 在攻读商科的同时，我也在扮演文化使者的角色，在我们之间架起了一座桥梁。 while意为“当……时候”时，引导时间状语从句 3.当一些公司专注于开发自动驾驶汽车时，另一些公司则希望生产能够提供公路和航空运输的飞行车辆。While_some_companies_are_focusing_on developing self driving cars, others are looking to produce flying vehicles that provide transportation by both road and air.
Studying abroad does have potential benefits.出国留学确实有潜在的好处。 do/does/did用于强调谓语动词 4.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)由于我们的努力，我们的女儿乔治亚决定捐赠一大袋玩具给一个小女孩，她的母亲因病无法支付她的假期费用。Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did_decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.
recall vi.& vt.记起；回想起
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①I could not recall hearing/having_heard(hear) anyone say that before.
②I can't recall how to_do(do) it then, so I have to ask my parents.
[再写美]——微写作
③这危险的事唤起了他的责任感。
The danger recalled_him_to_a_sense_of_duty.
recall doing/having done sth. 记得做过某事
recall sb. to... 使某人重新注意
到或意识到……
[佳句背诵] He recalled that she always came home late on Wednesdays.
他回想起她星期三总是很晚回家。
qualify vi.&vt.(使)具备资格；(使)合格
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The young girl has the qualification to_teach(teach) English.
②The test will qualify you to_drive(drive) heavy vehicles.
③He was so young that he was not qualified(qualify) to vote.
[再写美]——一句多译
你认为他是否有资格做一名志愿者？
④Do you think he has_the_qualification_to_be_a_volunteer？(qualification)
⑤Do you think he is_qualified_to_be_a_volunteer？(qualified)
(1)qualify sb. to do sth. 使某人有资格做某事
(2)qualified adj. 有资格的，称职的
be qualified for/to do sth.
有资格做某事
(3)qualification n. 资格；资历
the qualification for/to do sth.
做某事的资格
[佳句背诵] I do believe that I am very qualified for this voluntary work, because I have a good command of spoken English. 我确信我非常胜任这项志愿工作，因为我精通英语口语。(2018·浙江卷6月满分作文)
comfort n．安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①He has saved enough money so that he can live in_comfort.
②As far as I'm concerned, a hot of milk on a cold night is a real comfort.
③Tina had a headache and lay on the sofa, trying to comfort herself with the cat and three kittens.
[再写美]——微写作
④(天津卷)虽然我的压力很大，但与朋友的交流和来自父母的鼓励给我很大安慰。
Although I'm burdened with great pressure, communication with friends and encouragement from my parents_comfort_me_greatly．
(1)in comfort 舒适地；放松地
be a comfort to 对……是一种安慰
(2)comfort sb. for sth. 因某事安慰某人
comfort oneself with sth.
以某事来自我安慰
(3)comfortable adj. 令人感到安慰的；舒适的
[佳句背诵] In modern times, people have to learn to live with all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life.
在现代，尽管人们过着舒适的生活，但他们不得不学会承受各种压力。
participate vi.参加；参与
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①In addition, my friends and I can participate in various activities without heavy study pressure.
②(2020·新高考山东卷)Participants(participate) set out at 9：00 am from the gate of the school.
③Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation(participate) rules for people to obey.
[再写美]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)Since you take much interest in music, I am writing to invite you to join in the festival with me.
(高级表达)Now_that you take much interest in music, I am writing to invite you to participate_in the festival with me.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
(1)participate in 参加
(2)participant n. 参加者
participation n. 参与；参加；分享
[佳句背诵] Besides，our school set up a volleyball team and a basketball team.Both teams train for two hours a day and participate in competitions regularly.
此外，我们学校组建了一个排球队和一个篮球队。这两个队每天训练两个小时并定期参加比赛。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
presentation n．报告；陈述；出示；拿出
[先练会]——写出下列句中present的词性及含义
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. adj.当前的
②Classic works, written by masters, present great thoughts through fascinating stories and languages.v.呈现
③All the people present at the party were his supporters.adj.出席的；在场的
④(北京卷)I was extremely interested in the ideas he presented in class.vt.陈述；提出
⑤(湖南卷)Whenever you buy a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.n.礼物
[再写美]——补全句子
⑥On Teachers' Day, my students presented_me_with_some_flowers/presented_some_flowers_to_me(送给我一些鲜花)．
(1)present vt. 陈述；提出
(观点、计划等)；赠送；呈现
present sb. with sth.＝present sth. to sb.
把某物赠送给某人
(2)present n. 现在，目前；礼物
at present 现在，目前
for the present 眼前；暂时
(3)present adj. 出席的，在场的；现在的
be present at 出席
[佳句背诵] Members will be admitted on presentation of a membership card. 会员出示会员卡便可入场。
[名师点津] present 用作形容词，表示“出席的，在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的，当前的”时，常用作前置定语。
engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)A study shows the students who are engaged (engage) in after school activities are happier than those who are not.
②What happened between the couple is a mystery. No one knows why they broke up after their engagement(engage)．
③She made a promise that her daughter would be engaged to a man with a lot of money.
[再写美]——同义替换
④The whole family engage themselves in the preparation for the coming holiday.
→The whole family are_engaged_in the preparation for the coming holiday.
(1)engage one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
engage sb./oneself in... 使某人/自己忙于
(2)engaged adj. 忙于……的；
已订婚的；占线的
be engaged in 忙于……
be/get/become engaged to 和……订婚
(3)engagement n. 订婚；约定；雇用
[佳句背诵] Research shows that teenagers who talk about their day with family members at the dinner table are less likely to engage in high risk behavior. 研究表明那些在吃饭的时候和家人谈论学校事情的年轻人不太可能做出危险的行为。
expectation n．期望；预期；期待
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2018·江苏卷)Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period，exceeding the expected(expect) number of 12，000 held by market analysts.
②(2018·天津卷)The global population is expected to_grow (grow) to 9.6 billion by 2050.
③(2020·江苏卷)Instead of getting down to a new task as I had_expected(expect), he examined the previous work again.
[再写美]——微写作/句型转换
④她午饭吃得很少，期待晚饭时饱餐一顿。
She ate a light lunch in_expectation_of a good dinner.
⑤He failed in the exam, and all of us had expected it.
→As_expected,_he failed in the exam.
(1)live up to one's expectation(s) 不负某人所望
in expectation of 预料；期望
beyond (one's) expectation(s) 料想不到
(2)expect vt. 预料；期待
expect (sb.) to do sth. 预料(某人)
做某事
as expected 正如所料；
不出所料
[佳句背诵] After the film, each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to make remarks and express their views about the film. 电影结束后，每个班应该进行一次讨论，期望所有的学生都要发表评论，表达他们对这部电影的看法。(2018·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①We want to expose the kids to_as much art and culture as possible.
②(2020·浙江卷7月)He exposed(expose) his sharp teeth, glaring at us as he ran forward.
[再写美]——句型转换
③If you expose yourself to the sunlight for a long time in summer, you will get sunburnt.
→Exposing_yourself_to_the_sunlight_for_a_long_time_in_summer,_you will get sunburnt.(现在分词作状语)
→Exposed_to_the_sunlight_for_a_long_time_in_summer,_you will get sunburnt.(过去分词作状语)
(1)expose...to... 暴露……给……；
使……接触……
expose oneself to... 使自己暴露于……
(2)be exposed to 遭受到；(使)接触到
[佳句背诵] When you come to China, you can be exposed to the Chinese language and the Chinese culture. 当你来到中国时，你可以接触到中国语言和中国文化。(2018·北京卷满分作文)
[名师点津] 在expose ...to ...以及be exposed to结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动词 ing形式作宾语。
expense n．费用；花费；开销
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①This printer is of good quality.If it should break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
[再写美]——微写作
②每月一千元不是一大笔钱，但却足够支付我的生活费用。
One thousand yuan a month is not a fortune but would help cover_my_living_expenses.
③他的父母为他出国不惜任何代价。
His parents spare_no_expense for his going abroad.
at the expense of 以……为代价
at one's expense 由某人付费，由某人负担费用
spare no expense 不惜代价；不惜费用
free of expense 免费
[佳句背诵] Before Earth Day, our class held a heated discussion. All agreed on the suggestion that we shouldn't develop our economy at the expense of our environment. 地球日之前，我们班举行了一场热烈的讨论，大家一致同意，我们不能以牺牲环境为代价发展经济。(北京卷)
get involved in 参与；卷入；与……有关联
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(福建卷)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending(spend) quite a lot of time with students.
②“Genius” is a complicated concept, involving(involve) many different factors.
③The manager interviewed everyone involved(involve) in the accident to find out the truth behind what had actually happened.
[再写美]——补全句子/句式升级
④(普通表达)The young girl was_involved_in(专心于)studying. She paid no attention to the outside world.
⑤(高级表达)Involved_in_studying,_the young girl paid no attention to the outside world. (形容词短语作状语)
⑥(高级表达)Involving_herself_in_studying,_the young girl paid no attention to the outside world.(现在分词短语作状语)
(1)involved adj. 复杂的；有牵连的，有关的；
专心于……的；忙于……的
(2)involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；
影响；(使)参加
involve doing sth. 包括做某事；参与做某事
involve sb.in (doing) sth.
使某人参与(做)某事，使某人牵扯到某事中
[佳句背诵] Whatever you do, don't be a bystander. Get Involved.
无论做什么事都不要当旁观者，要参与进来。
[名师点津] involved作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的，有关的”。例如：the involved story复杂的故事；the people involved所涉及的人。
“It is/was the＋序数词＋time that...”意为“这是第……次……”
(教材P14)It was the first time that she had left China.
这是她第一次离开中国。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①It was the first time that she had_left(leave) home. Only then did she realize how much she loved her family.
②It is the first time that he has_come(come) late for such an important meeting.
③It's high time we took/should_take(take) immediate measures to protect our earth from being polluted.
④The first time I left(leave) my motherland for America, I couldn't adjust to the new surroundings quickly.
[再写美]——微写作
⑤这是我第一次写申请和个人履历，因此我不知道是否有什么需要注意的。
This_is_the_first_time_that_I_have_written_an_application and the personal resume，so I don't know if there is something to pay attention to.
⑥我认为到了重新审视我平时为人处事的方式和言谈举止的时候了。
I think it_is_high_time_I_should_review/reviewed my modes of behaving and manners of talking.
(1)“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time (that)＋主语＋had done sth.”意为“第一/二/……次做某事。”
(2)“It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/...time(that)＋主语＋has/have done sth.”意为“第一/二/……次做某事。”
(3)“The first/second/...time＋从句”意为“第一/二/……次……”，引导时间状语从句。
(4)“It's time (for sb.) to do sth.”意为“该是(某人)做某事的时候了。”
(5)“It's (about/high) time (that)＋主语＋should do/did sth.”意为“到了……该做某事的时候了。”
[佳句背诵] It was the first time that I had participated in the exchange student program，which not only broadened my horizon but also improved my confidence. 那是我第一次参加交流生项目，那次经历不仅让我开阔了眼界，而且增强了我的信心。
the first time (that)．..引导时间状语从句
(教材P14)The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought！ 当她第一次必须写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点，就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己的想法。
[先练会]——选词填空/补全句子
①Naturally, you felt nervous when you went on the platform for_the_first_time(for the first time/the first time)．
②(全国卷Ⅱ)I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the_last_time_you_visited_our_school(你上次参观我们学校的时候)．
[再写美]——句型转换
③He became interested in the young teacher's lesson when he attended his class for the first time.
→He became interested in the young teacher's lesson the_first_time he attended his class.
(1)each/every time 每次……的时候
next time 下次……时
the last time 上次……时
[佳句背诵] I still remember that the first time we met at school， you were reading in the classroom.
我仍旧记得我们在学校第一次见面的时候，你正在教室里读书。
[名师点津]
(1)the first time意为“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句；
(2)for the first time意为“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。
do/does/did用于强调谓语动词
(教材P20)Studying abroad does have potential benefits.
出国留学确实有潜在的好处。
[先练会]——用do的正确形式强调谓语动词
①（2020·新高考山东卷满分作文）We do hope there will be more meaningful activities in the coming future.
②Last week， to our joy， he did manage to finish the task ahead of schedule.
[再写美]——微写作
③老师们认为我没有努力学习，但是我确实努力学习了。
Teachers think I didn't study hard， but I did (study hard).
(1)本句型只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种形式，只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调，没有疑问和否定形式。
(2)在祈使句中运用了“do＋动词原形”形式，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求，有时表达更加客气的语气。
[佳句背诵] With bravery and perseverance， I did make rapid progress.
有了勇气和毅力，我确实进步很快。（浙江卷）
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2018·北京卷)Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.n.看法，观点
2．(浙江卷)During my first quarter，I spoke directly to the Chancellor (校长)，asking him for support towards my initiatives，met with the Vice Chancellors，and cooperated with my teaching assistants to begin my undergraduate research project.n.提议
3．They are cautiously optimistic that the reforms will take place.adj.乐观的
4．(2020·新高考山东卷)Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes.n.见解
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．I can't get through, for her line is engaged. adj.电话占线的
2．(辽宁卷)I am repeatedly exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.v.使面临，使处于……的作用/影响之下
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. n．理解力
4．(天津卷)She had a firm intention within herself to be the best she could be. adj.坚定的
Ⅲ.一词多义——根据语境选出involve的词性及含义
A．v.包含，需要 B．v.涉及 C．v.使参加)
1．(2020·天津卷7月)As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else's shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of “cool”．A
2．(2019·天津卷)The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.B
3．(福建卷)Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.C
提能训练二 课文语法填空
Xie Lei, whose 1.ambition(ambitious) is to set up a business in China, left for England six months ago to study for a business qualification as 2.an exchange student. Once in England, she found it not easy to adapt 3.to life there. For example, people there used a lot of words that she was not familiar with in everyday communication and they spoke fast. And she had difficulty using public transport and 4.asking(ask) for things she didn't know the English names for. It took her quite some time as well as great efforts to get used to the whole new life.
Academic requirements also confused her very much. She discussed that with her tutor about how 5.to_write(write) an essay. Following her tutor's advice, she read a lot and participated 6.actively(active) in class though it was challenging in the beginning. The fact 7.that now she can give an attractive presentation in class even 8.surprises(surprise) herself. Nowadays she is more confident and determined to put 9.what she is learning into practice 10.when back in China.
提能训练三 用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友杰克逊(Jackson)最近在考虑是否要出国留学，他来信征求你的意见。请你就此用英语给他写一封电子邮件，阐述你的观点并给出理由(不少于三个)。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jackson，
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
■审题谋篇
■遣词造句
Ⅰ.单元相关语块
1．expose_v． 使接触；使体验
2．exposure n. 接触；体验
3．insight n. 洞察力；眼光
4．comfort_zone 舒适区
5．to_begin/start_with 首先
6．moreover/what's_more 此外，而且
Ⅱ.单元语块运用
1．完成句子
①我认为出国留学非常有意义。
I think it makes good sense to study abroad.
②出国留学时，我们会接触到一个外语环境，学习过程变得有趣且有效。
While we are studying abroad, we expose_ourselves_to a foreign language setting and the learning process becomes engaging and effective.
③浸润在外国的不同文化中，我们能够深入了解世界。
Bathed in a different culture of a foreign country, we can gain_great_insights into the world.
④跨文化的经历能够让我们拥有全球视野。
Cross cultural experiences can give us a_global_perspective．
⑤出国学习让我们走出舒适区，使我们变得更好，在我看来这是最重要的。
Studying abroad takes us out of our comfort_zone and changes us for the better, which_is_the_most_important from my perspective.
2．句式升级
⑥用同位语从句改写句①
I_hold_the_view_that_it_makes_good_sense_to_study_abroad.
⑦用exposure作主语改写句②
Exposure_to_a_foreign_language_setting_while_we_are_studying_abroad_makes_the_learning_process_become_engaging_and_effective.
⑧用连词 because连接句③和句④
Bathed_in_a_different_culture_of_a_foreign_country,_we_can_gain_great_insights_into_the_world_because_cross cultural_experiences_can_give_us_a_global_perspective.
■妙笔成篇
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear_Jackson，
I'm more than delighted to share my opinion, which I hope will be of some help to you. Frankly, I hold the view that it makes good sense to study abroad. The reasons are as follows.
To begin with, exposure to a foreign language setting while we are studying abroad makes the learning process become engaging and effective. Moreover, bathed in a different culture of a foreign country, we can gain great insights into the world because cross cultural experiences can give us a global perspective. Studying abroad takes us out of our comfort zone and changes us for the better, which is the most important from my perspective.
All things considered, I hope you can choose to study abroad and start a new life.
Yours，
Li_Hua
提能训练四 读后续写23
Ⅰ.选词填空(欣赏幽默，美美与共)
first hand, vocabulary and grammar, different, live show, while, in the same way, seen as, headache, form friendships
A good joke can be the hardest thing to understand when studying a foreign language. There's more to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding 1.vocabulary_and_grammar. Being able to understand local jokes is often 2.seen_as an incredible ice breaker for a language learner eager to 3.form_friendships with native speakers.
In fact, most of the time, jokes are only funny for people who share a cultural background or understand humor 4.in_the_same_way. For example, Chinese American comedian Joe Wong found this out 5.first hand. He had achieved huge success doing stand up comedy in the US, but when he returned to China for his 6.live_show in Beijing, people didn't think his Chinese jokes were as funny as his English ones. In Australia, meanwhile, many foreigners find understanding jokes about sports, especially rugby (橄榄球) the biggest 7.headache．
Even in the other two major English speaking countries, the sense of humor is also 8.different. British jokes tend to be more subtle and dark, 9.while American jokes are more obvious with their meanings, a bit like Americans themselves.
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(家庭欢乐气氛)
1．There was a good deal of laughing and kissing and explaining, in the simple, loving fashion which makes these home festivals so pleasant at the time, so sweet to remember long afterward, and then all fell to work.
2．The girls meantime spread the table, set the children round the fire, and fed them like so many hungry birds, laughing and talking.
PAGE
22UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂
默想下面单词的词性及含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。
1.cuisine 2.pepper 3.recipe
4.chef 5.peppercorn 6.vinegar
7.stuff 8.slice 9.onion
10.lamb 11.minimum 12.vegetarian
13.junk 14.garlic 15.bacon
16.ham 17.sausage 18.cabbage
19.brand 20.olive 21.fig
22.dessert 23.dough 24.canteen
25.cafeteria 26.bun 27.chilli
28.pork 29.pearl 30.madam
31.calorie 32.vitamin 33.fibre
34.dairy 35.chew 36.temper
37.ingredient 38.bold 39.moderation
[自主核对区]
1．n.菜肴；风味；烹饪 2.n.甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉 3.n.烹饪法；食谱 4.n.厨师；主厨 5.n.胡椒粒 6.n.醋 7.vt.填满；把……塞进 n．东西；物品 8.n.(切下的食物)薄片vt.把……切成薄片 9.n.洋葱；葱头 10.n.羊羔肉；羔羊 11.n.最小值；最少量 adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 12.n.素食者
13．n.无用的东西 14.n.蒜 15.n.熏猪肉；咸肉 16.n.火腿 17.n.香肠；腊肠 18.n.甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜 19.n.品牌 20.n.油橄榄；橄榄树 21.n.无花果 22.n.(饭后)甜点
23．n.生面团 24.n.食堂；餐厅 25.n.自助餐厅；自助食堂
26．n.圆面包；小圆甜饼 27.n.辣椒 28.n.猪肉 29.n.珍珠 30.n.夫人；女士 31.n.卡路里(热量单位) 32.n.维生素 33.n.纤维；纤维制品 34.adj.奶制的；乳品(业)的n.乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂 35.vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎n.咀嚼
36．n.脾气；火气 37.n.(尤指烹饪)材料；成分 38.adj.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的 39.n.适度；合理
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
1．prior adj. 先前的；优先的
2．stable adj. 稳定的；稳重的
3．somewhat adv. 有点；稍微
4．category n. 类别；种类
5．quantity n. 数量；数额
6．ideal adj. 完美的；理想的；想象的
n. 理想；完美的人(或事物)
7．fundamental adj. 根本的；基础的；基本的
n. 基本规律；根本法则
8．overall adv. 总体上；大致上
adj. 全面的；综合的
9．regardless adv. 不顾；不加理会
[语境活用]——根据汉语意思填写单词
1．(2019·浙江卷6月)You should praise his effort regardless(不管) of whether his team wins or loses.
2．Some experts think reading is the fundamental(基本的) skill upon which school education depends.
3．We know that the change of quantity(数量) causes the change of quality.
4．Our aim is to promote the students' overall(全面的) development so that they can fit in the society easily.
5．Whether you're a professional athlete or keen sportsperson, this new sports watch is the ideal(理想的) choice for you.
6．Curious and somewhat(有点) disappointed, the young man opened the box slowly.
7．We believe that only a stable(稳定的) and fully confident middle class will guarantee the stability and prosperity of that city.
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
1．consist vi.构成→consistent adj.一致的；连续的→consistency n．一致性
2．elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的→elegance n．优雅；高雅
3．exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的→exception n．例外
4．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumption n．消耗(量)→consumer_n．消费者
5．association n．协会；关联→associate vt.联想；联系→associated adj.有关联的；有联系的
6．modest adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的→modesty n．谦虚
7．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏→tricky adj.棘手的；难办的
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated(associate) with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers.
2．Protecting world heritage is a tricky question, but with some proper tricks,_we can find the best way to handle it.(trick)
3．The air conditioners of this type consume too much electricity. Many consumers complain about this.(consume)
4．One of the most precious virtues of all is learning to be modest,_for only modesty can lead you to success. (modest)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现
1．prior_to 在……之前的
2．consist_of 由……组成(或构成)
3．slice_off 切下
4．regardless_of 不管；不顾
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．(2019·北京卷)Regardless_of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
2．As a student, I would devote the days prior_to Spring Festival to my school assignments.
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.与“购物”相关的名词一览
①discount 折扣
②customer 顾客
③consumer 消费者
④supermarket 超市
⑤bargain 便宜货
2.以 ness为后缀的常见名词荟萃
①weakness 虚弱；弱点；缺点
②kindness 仁慈；好意
③carelessness 粗心大意
④awareness 意识
⑤sickness 疾病
3.与“性格”有关的形容词小结
①stubborn 顽固的；固执的
②easy going 随和的
③outgoing 外向的
④gentle 温和的
⑤optimistic 乐观的
⑥outspoken 坦率的
⑦modest 谦虚的
(三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.告诉我你吃什么，我就能知道你是什么样的人。 祈使句＋and＋陈述句 1.(2018·北京卷)在任何不安全的情况下，只要按下按钮，一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。 In any unsafe situation, simply_press_the_button_and a highly trained agent will get you the help you need.
And, since the dish was also invented recently, it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try new foods.而且，由于这道菜也是最近发明的，它告诉我们美国人不怕尝试新食物。 since引导原因状语从句 2.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)对我来说，我陶醉于篮球，因为它给了我力量去面对生活中的挑战。As for me, I'm intoxicated with basketball since_it_has_been_giving_me_strength to confront the challenges in my life.
Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. 又累又饿，而且一句中文也不会，我们根本不知道如何点餐。于是厨师开始在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜。 形容词(短语)作状语 3.由于口渴而且渴望休息，她走进饭店，在靠窗的桌子旁坐了下来。Thirsty_and_eager_to_have_a_rest,_she went into the restaurant and seated herself at a table by the window.
It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full.从你开始吃东西的那一刻起，你的大脑需要大约20分钟来告诉身体你吃饱了。 “It＋takes＋时间＋ for sb./sth.to do...”意为“某人/某物花费多长时间做某事” 4.他们花了大约半天的时间才登上山顶。It_took_about_half_a_day_for_them_to_get_to the top of the mountain.
It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.这取决于你想要怎样生活，并对你的饮食做出正确的决定。 “It is up to sb.to do...”意为“由某人决定做……” 5.现在，生者不仅要消除南北之间的隔阂，而且要消除黑人与白人之间的界限，一步一步地努力实现人类的平等。Now it_was_up_to_the_living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white，and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
prior adj.先前的；优先的
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①All the arrangements should have been completed prior to the admission.
②The government should give top priority to rebuilding(rebuild) the inner cities.
[再写美]——微写作
③他们坚持认为，生存权利应放在其他一切考虑因素之上。
They insist that the right to live should take_priority_over all other considerations.
(1)prior to 在……之前的
(2)priority n. 优先(权)；最重要的事
give priority to 优先考虑，给予……优先权
have/take priority over 较……享有优先权
[佳句背诵] Financial security is high on his list of priorities.
在他心目中，金融安全是非常重要的一环。
quantity n．数量；数额
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①A large quantity of books have_been_contributed(contribute) to the children in the countryside since then.
②As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has_covered(cover) the land in the last few years.
[再写美]——微写作
③(2019·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)我知道你曾经参加过排球比赛，因此你肯定积累了大量的经验。
I know you once participated in volleyball games, so you must_have_accumulated_a_large_quantity_of/large_quantities_of_experience．
④酒会损害肝脏，如果大量饮用会造成很大的伤害。
Alcohol can damage the liver and do great harm if consumed_in_large_quantities．
a large/small quantity of 大/少量的
(large) quantities of 大量的
in quantity/in large quantities 大量地
[佳句背诵] To begin with, the most expected activity is the annual table tennis competition that involves a large quantity of talented players.
首先，最令人期待的活动是一年一度的乒乓球比赛，会有大量有天赋的球员参与。
[名师点津] (1)“a quantity of ＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词保持一致；
(2)“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏 v．欺骗
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①It is wrong to play tricks on/upon the people with disability.
②The man tricked the little boy out of the money he held in his hand.
③He tricked me into believing that he was somebody famous.
[再写美]——微写作
④这些药应该管用，很快你就会觉得好多了。
These pills should do_the_trick. You'll feel much better in no time.
⑤我还不晓得开这部车的诀窍。
I haven't got the_trick_of_driving_this_car yet.
(1)play a trick/tricks on/upon sb.
欺骗某人；捉弄某人
the trick of doing sth. 做某事的诀窍
do the trick 获得成功，达到理想
的结果
(2)trick sb. into (doing) sth. 诱使某人(做)某事
trick sb. out of sth. 骗走/诈骗某人某物
[佳句背诵] April Fool's Day is deeply loved by children since it is a day when they can freely play tricks on others. 愚人节深受孩子们的喜爱，因为在这一天他们可以随意开别人的玩笑。
consist of 由……组成(或构成)
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷6月)Rock music consists _of_many different styles.
②As we all know, the beauty of Mount Tai consists in charming scenery and rich culture.
[再写美]——一句多译
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我们学校的现状。
③The short film, consisting_of/made_up_of_two_parts,_introduces the present situation of our school.(分词作状语)
④The short film, which_consists_of/is_made_up_of_two_parts,_introduces the present situation of our school.(定语从句)
consist of＝be made up of 由……组成
consist in＝lie in 存在于；在于
consist with 与……一致/相符
[佳句背诵] I have learned that the exhibition consists of dozens of masterpieces painted by Chinese famous artists, such as Xu Beihong, Qi Baishi, Zhang Daqian and etc. 我了解到这次展览包括几十幅中国著名艺术家的杰作，如徐悲鸿、齐白石、张大千等。(2019·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
[名师点津] consist of、belong to、come into being等短语都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。
regardless of 不管；不顾
[先练会]——补全句子/加黑词汇替换
①You will hurt others if you say what you think，regardless_of_other_people's_feelings(不管别人的感受)．
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)Despite the fact that it rains, we can still take part in physical activities in the stadium. In_spite_of
[再写美]——微写作
③(2020·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)李叔叔不顾感染的危险，对工作负责，尽心尽力。
Regardless_of_the_risk_of_getting_infected,_Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.
(1)despite＝in spite of 尽管；不管；虽然(后常
接名词，不接从句)
(2)with regard to 关于；至于
佳句背诵] Regardless of any difficulty I meet with on my way to success, I will never give up and go all out for my dream university.
无论我在通往成功的路上遇到什么困难，我都不会放弃，我会为我理想的大学全力以赴。
祈使句＋and＋陈述句
(教材P26)Tell me what you eat，and I will tell you what you are.
告诉我你吃什么，我就能知道你是什么样的人。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Don't be too talkative, or you may leave a poor impression on others.
②A bit more effort, I think, and you will settle the problem.
[再写美]——一句多译
(2018·浙江卷6月)给我一个机会，我会给你更多的回报。
③Give_me_a_chance,_and I will reward you with more.
④If_you_give_me_a_chance,_I will reward you with more.
(1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If...＋主句
(2)祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句＝If...not...＋主句
(3)名词词组＋and＋陈述句
[佳句背诵] Form good habits of learning and you will improve your learning efficiency.
＝If you form good habits of learning, you will improve your learning efficiency.
养成良好的学习习惯，你就会提高学习效率。
since引导原因状语从句
(教材P26)And, since the dish was also invented recently, it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try new foods. 而且，由于这道菜也是最近发明的，它告诉我们美国人不怕尝试新食物。
[先练会]——写出下列句中since的词性及含义/单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷7月)The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and has remained around that level ever since. adv.自那时以来
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Modern methods for tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid 1980s.prep.从……以来
③I'm forever on a diet, since I put on weight easily. conj.因为
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have_kept(keep) telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.
⑤(陕西卷)—Since when has the country been open to international trade
—1978, I suppose.
[再写美]——微写作
⑥(陕西卷)自从我回国以来，听到了你的很多好消息。
I have heard a lot of good things about you since_I_came_back_from_abroad.
(1)since用作连词，可引导原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”，侧重大家已知的事实；也可引导时间状语从句，意为“从……以来”，主句动词为延续性动词且多用现在完成时。
(2)since作介词，意为“从……以来；从……以后”，后接名词或代词。
(3)since作副词，意为“从那时以后；后来”。
[佳句背诵] I have got into the habit of playing basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.
我已经养成了打篮球的习惯，因为它一直给我力量来面对生活中的挑战。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
形容词(短语)作状语
(教材P26)Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
又累又饿，而且一句中文也不会，我们根本不知道如何点餐。于是厨师开始在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Surprised(surprise) and happy, he stood up and accepted the prize.
②The boy lay on the sofa, relaxed(relax)．
③(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)_Luckily(lucky), I will go home in two weeks for summer vacation.
[再写美]——句式升级
④(普通表达)I was too worried and helpless, so I have no alternative but to turn to you for help.
(高级表达)Too_worried_and_helpless,_I have no alternative but to turn to you for help.(形容词作状语)(2018·浙江卷11月满分作文)
用法归纳 形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开
注意事项 形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语
[佳句背诵] Unable to afford the time, I had to give up the plan.
由于抽不出时间，我只好放弃这个计划。
“It is up to sb.to do...”意为“由某人决定做……”
(教材P32)It is up to you to decide how you want to live，and to make the right decisions about your diet.
这取决于你想要怎样生活，并对你的饮食做出正确的决定。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①—What shall we do tonight then
—It is up to you—whatever you want.
②This is the only one of the oldest customs that has_been_kept(keep) in this district up to now.
③He's not really up to seeing(see) any visitors.
[再写美]——微写作
④这个调皮的小男孩现在很安静，他一定在搞什么名堂。
The naughty boy is quiet now and he must_be_up_to_something．
(1)up to 多达……
(2)be up to (doing) sth. 正在(做)……；
从事于……；
胜任做……
(3)up to now 到目前为止(一般
与现在完成时连用)
[佳句背诵] Who do the passengers on board think it is up to to make a final decision about such a matter？ 乘客认为应该由谁对这样一个重大事件作出最终的决定呢？
[联想发散] 表达“胜任”的短语还有：
①be_equal_to ②be_fit_for
③be_qualified_for ④be_adequate_to
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(江苏卷)But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings，they have little instinct (本能) to help one another.adj.最小的
2．I've never seen him get mad or lose his temper.n.脾气
3．(江苏卷)Many Chinese brands，having developed their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.n.品牌
4．(2019·天津卷)What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1，500 words to meet the category requirement？n.种类
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2018·天津卷)Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients.n.烹饪原料
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop.adj.副的
3．The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.v.在于
4．He charged a relatively modest fee so we could rent it.adj.不太大的
5．The hotel was quickly consumed by fire.v.烧毁，毁灭
Ⅲ.一词多义——根据语境选出trick的词性及含义
A．n.诡计，花招，恶作剧 B．n.技巧，诀窍
C．v.欺骗，哄骗
1．(2020·江苏卷)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for whatever. A
2．Dean tricked the old lady into giving him eight hundred dollars.C
3．(福建卷)—Could you tell me the trick of making such tasty cakes
—Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook. B
提能训练二 课文语法填空
Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that 1.had_been_changed(change) to suit American tastes.
Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by 2.coming(come)to China. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to me and my family by a friend. 3.Tired(tire), hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, 4.so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. With this, we had the pleasure of experiencing an 5.entirely(entire) new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. The food was wonderful and different, but 6.what was even more important was the friendship 7.offered(offer) us. In northern Xinjiang the traditional foods are what you can cook over 8.an open fire—usually boiled or roasted meat.
From south to central China, in each place we experienced wonderful local 9.dishes(dish), from Guangdong's elegant dim sum to the exceptional stewed noodles in Henan. Everywhere, the food was as varied as the people. However, one thing is always true: Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and 10.kindness(kind)．
提能训练三 用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假定你是李华，你的美国网友杰克(Jack)来信说他的家人都很喜欢吃中餐，向你请教如何在中餐馆选择健康的中餐。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容主要包括：
1．分量适当，避免浪费；
2．蔬菜为主，少油少盐；
3．蒸、煮为佳，不加味精(MSG)。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
■审题谋篇
■遣词造句
Ⅰ.单元相关语块
1．cuisine n． 菜肴；烹饪
2．canteen n. 餐厅
3．calorie n. 卡路里
4．chef n. 厨师
5．lamb_kebab 烤羊肉串
6．red_braised_pork 红烧肉
7．cut_down 减少
8．cut_out 删去
9．eat_up 吃光
Ⅱ.单元语块运用
1．完成句子
①中餐是最受欢迎、最健康的饮食之一，但是可能油盐含量高。
Chinese cuisine is_one_of_the_most_popular_and_healthiest_diets,_but it can be_high_in oil and salt.
②主菜分量经常很大。
Main_dish_portions are often quite large.
③当你跟伙伴们在中餐厅吃饭的时候，你最好少点菜。
You had_better_order fewer dishes when you have dinner with your companions in a Chinese canteen.
④你应该尽量避免(吃)诸如烤羊肉串和红烧肉那样的菜。
You should_try_to_avoid dishes such as lamb kebab and red braised pork.
⑤那些菜含有很高的卡路里。
The dishes have high_calories．
2．句式升级
⑥用表示因果关系的连词合并句②和句③
Main_dish_portions_are_often_quite_large,_so_you'd_better_order_fewer_dishes_when_you_have_dinner_with_your_companions_in_a_Chinese_canteen.
⑦用合适的衔接词连接句①和句⑥
Chinese_cuisine_is_one_of_the_most_popular_and_healthiest_diets,_but_it_can_be_high_in_oil_and_salt._What's_more,_main_dish_portions_are_often_quite_large,_so_you'd_better_order_fewer_dishes_when_you_have_dinner_with_your_companions_in_a_Chinese_canteen.
⑧用定语从句合并句④和句⑤
You_should_try_to_avoid_dishes_which_have_high_calories,_such_as_lamb_kebab_and_red_braised_pork.
■妙笔成篇
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One possible version：
Dear Jack，
I'm glad that your family like Chinese cuisine. Now I'd like to share some tips with you on choosing dishes in a Chinese canteen.
Chinese cuisine is one of the most popular and healthiest diets, but it can be high in oil and salt.What's more, main dish portions are often quite large, so you'd better order fewer dishes when you have dinner with your companions in a Chinese canteen. Then divide the dishes and eat up! Choose dishes with lots of vegetables and steamed rice. You should try to avoid dishes which have high calories, such as lamb kebab and red braised pork. Ask the chef to use less oil, cut down salt and cut out MSG in your foods preparation, if possible.
Have a good appetite.
Yours，
Li Hua
提能训练四 读后续写24——动作描写
Ⅰ.选词填空(饮食与健康)
trip around, jump off, consume, make sure, struck, show, rich in, scratch, clench, bury, turn red, glare, at the sight of
After enjoying the fried chicken, I 1.tripped_around the house. 2.At_the_sight_of the weight scale, I jumped on it. Suddenly, I felt 3.struck by the thunder. 4.Scratching my head with confusion, I couldn't believe the figure 5.shown on the weight scale. I 6.jumped_off the scale swiftly and stood onto it once more to 7.make_sure there was nothing wrong with it. No luck! Depressed, my face 8.turned_red with shame. After 9.glaring at the figure for quite some time, I couldn't help 10.burying my face in my hands. Eventually, I looked up and made up my mind. I 11.clenched my fist and swore to myself that I must work harder to lose my weight. It is an ideal option to 12.consume different categories of fresh foods, including fruit and vegetables 13.rich_in vitamins and fiber, rather than processed foods or junk food.
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(动作描写——惊吓)
When Dorothy, who was an orphan, first came to her, Aunt Em had been so startled by the child's laughter that she would scream and press her hand upon her heart whenever Dorothy's merry voice reached her ears; and she still looked at the little girl with wonder that she could find anything to laugh at.
描述惊吓的表达还有：step back、jump to one's feet、too frightened to move、freeze when seeing/hearing sth.
PAGE
17UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂
默想下面单词的词性及含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。
1.airline 2.bay 3.craft
4.antique 5.spectacular 6.peak
7.goat 8.mall 9.prairie
10.bunch 11.thunder 12.frost
13.curtain 14.border 15.duration
16.harbour 17.quarry 18.idiom
19.proceed 20.shore 21.steel
22.dusk 23.photographer 24.toast
25.cobblestone 26.literally 27.enrol
[自主核对区]
1．n.航空公司 2.n.(海或湖的)湾 3.n.手艺；工艺；技艺 4.n.古物；古董adj.古老的；古董的 5.adj.壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的n.壮丽的场面；精彩的表演 6.n.顶峰；山峰；尖形 7.n.山羊 8.n.购物商场；购物广场 9.n.北美草原 10.n.束；串；捆 11.vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动n.雷声；轰隆声 12.n.霜；严寒天气；霜冻vt.使蒙上霜vi.结霜 13.n.窗帘 14.n.国界；边界(地区) 15.n.持续时间；期间 16.n.(海)港；港口 17.n.采石场 18.n.习语；成语 19.vi.行进；继续做 20.n.岸；滨 21.n.钢；钢铁工业 22.n.黄昏；傍晚 23.n.摄影师；拍照者 24.n.烤面包片；吐司；干杯vt.为……干杯vi.烤(尤指面包) 25.adj.铺有鹅卵石的 26.adv.字面上；真正地 27.vi.& vt.(使)加入；注册；登记
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
1．arise vi. (arose，arisen)起身；出现；
由……引起
2．bound adj. 准备前往(某地)；一定会
3．scenery n. 风景；景色
4．highlight n. 最好或最精彩的部分
vt. 突出；强调；使醒目
5．drill vi.& vt. 钻(孔)；打(眼)
n. 钻(头)；训练；演习
6．contrary adj. 相反的；相对立的
adv. 相反的事实(或事情)
7．anyhow adv. (结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；
反正
8．alongside prep. 在……旁边；与……一起
adv. 在旁边
9．accent n. 口音
10．owe vt. 欠(债、账、情等)
11．average adj. 平均的；普通的
v. 平均为
[语境活用]——根据汉语意思填写单词
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Highlights(精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)As to presents, I propose that you should choose some with New Zealand features, which is bound(一定的) to win your friend's affection.
3．We were deeply impressed by the beauty of the West Lake, so we stopped to admire the beautiful scenery(风景)．
4．A number of high buildings have arisen(建立，出现) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
5．Anyhow(无论如何), I will try to work hard to live up to my parents' expectations, no matter how difficult.
6．People from different parts of UK speak differently, so there are lots of different accents(口音)．
7．I am out on business trips twice each month on average(平均) and one third of a year I am away from home.
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
1．pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→please v．使愉悦
2．massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的→mass n．团；块；堆；大量
3．breath n．呼吸的空气→breathe v．呼吸
4．awesome adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的→awe v．使敬畏；使惊叹 n．敬畏
5．freeze vi.& vt.结冰；(使)冻住→[过去式/过去分词]froze/frozen→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
6．anticipate vt.预料；预见；期望→anticipation n．期望
7．astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的→astonished adj.感到十分惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶，惊异
8．mist n．薄雾；水汽→misty adj.多雾的；模糊的
9．advertisement n．广告；启事→advertise vt.& vi.做广告；登广告
10．coherent adj.有条理的；清楚易懂的→coherence n．连贯性；条理性
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It is freezing outside now, and more snow is falling on already frozen streets.(freeze)
2．To my astonishment,_he didn't feel astonished at the astonishing news that his brother died at all.(astonish)
3．Facing the tough task, he took several breaths to calm himself down. After finishing it, he breathed a sigh of relief.(breathe)
4．When I chose to make this video, I wanted to capture the feeling of wonder and awe and show the audience how vast and awesome the universe is.(awe)
5．When practicing for interviews, he anticipated some questions and got ready. Then he waited, nervous but full of anticipation．(anticipate)
6．The animals are disappearing on such a massive scale that people are shocked at the mass extinction.(mass)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现
1．take_sb.'s_breath_away 令人惊叹
2．contrary_to 相反的；相对立的
3．owe_sth._to_sb. 欠(某人情)；
把……归功于某人
4．a_bunch_of 一束；一串；一群；大量
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．Contrary_to the belief that rock music is always angry and noisy, Liang's trademark style is quiet but powerful.
2．He owed his survival to his strength as well as his determination.
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.“旅行”名词家族
①journey (长途)旅行
②tour (观光)旅行
③travel 旅行
④voyage 航行；航海
⑤trip (短途)旅行；外出
⑥outing 远足
2.聚集 ing/ ed结尾的形容词
①astonishing 令人十分惊讶的
②astonished 感到十分惊讶的
③frightening 令人恐惧的
④frightened 受惊的；受恐吓的
⑤terrifying 令人恐惧的
⑥terrified 感到害怕的
⑦disappointing 令人失望的
⑧disappointed 感到失望的
3.“可怕的”高频形容词
①awesome 可怕的
②frightening 吓人的；可怕的
③alarming 令人惊恐的
④awful 可怕的；惊人的
⑤horrible 恐怖的
⑥terrible 可怕的
⑦terrifying 极其可怕的；吓人的
(三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.他们决定先飞到温哥华，然后再坐火车，而不是一路乘坐商业航空飞机。 “rather than”意为“而不是” 1.(2020·江苏卷)LoveFone是一家提倡修理手机而不是丢弃手机的公司，2016年在伦敦一家电话亭开设了一家小型车间。LoveFone，a company that advocates repairing cellphones rather_than_abandoning_them,_opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.
During their first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained.在他们到温哥华的第一天，就像平时的天气一样，下雨了。 as引导非限制性定语从句 2.我记得我们当时是坐在一个河畔的餐馆里。We were sitting, as_I_remember,_in a riverside restaurant.
When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.当火车到达车站时，他们乘出租车去了路易丝湖，在那里，蔚蓝的海水以其非凡的美丽让他们叹为观止。 where引导的定语从句 3.(2020·新高考山东卷)莫莱在每棵幼树的上面建立一个竹子做的平台，平台上面放着带有小孔的陶罐(earthen pot)，这些陶罐是用来收集雨水的。Molai built at the top of each sapling(幼树) a bamboo platform, where_he_placed_earthen_pots with small holes to collect rainwater.
It was not until 9：30 a．m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.直到上午9点半，她们才终于到了安大略省的首府多伦多。 “It was not until...that...”意为“直到……才……” 4.直到他的老师解释了三遍，汤姆才明白。It_was_not_until his teacher had explained it three times that Tom understood it.
arise vi.(arose，arisen)起身；出现；由……引起
[先练会]——写出下列句中arise的含义
①Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise.出现
③They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床
④You can't be too careful while driving. Accidents often arise from carelessness. 产生；发生
[再写美]——微写作
⑤身体不适会引起情绪问题，所以保持身体健康很重要。
Mental_problems_can_arise_from a physical cause, so it is very important to stay physically healthy.
arise from/out of 由……引起/产生
arise from one's seat 从座位上站起来
[佳句背诵] Every time I listen to classical music, a sense of entertainment and relief arises naturally, making my body refresh and offering the courage to keep on. 我每次听古典音乐时，就会自然而然地出现一种娱乐和放松的感觉，使我焕然一新，激励我继续向前。(2019·天津卷满分作文)
[名师点津] (1)rise vi.(rose，risen)升起；起身，起床；上升；(2)raise vt.(raised，raised) 举起；提高，增加；饲养，养育；(3)arouse vt.(aroused，aroused) 激起；唤醒
bound adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①You've done so much work—you're bound to_pass(pass) the exam.
②We are bound for Beijing to attend his anniversary of marriage next week.
[再写美]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)It is unnecessary that we should be worried about the economic situation, which will surely improve.
(高级表达)It is unnecessary that we should be worried about the economic situation, which is_bound_to_improve．
be bound to do... 必定会；一定会
be bound for... 准备前往某地
[佳句背诵] If you follow my suggestions, I believe you are bound to have a great time. 如果你听从我的建议，我相信你一定会玩得很开心。
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
average adj.平均；平均数；平均水平 adj.普通的；正常的；平均的 vt.平均为
[先练会]——写出下列句中average的词性及含义
①The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.adj.平均的
②(2020·江苏卷)They burned more fat on average.n.平均数
③There was nothing special about the film—it was only average.adj.普通的
④The Qinghai Tibet Plateau is the world's highest plateau, averaging over 4，000 metres above sea level.v.平均为
[再写美]——微写作
⑤(天津卷)他是一个好学生。大多数学科的成绩都在平均分以上。
He was a good student and scored above_(the)_average in most subjects.
(1)an average of 平均有(后跟数词)
(2)on (the) average 平均起来
above/below (the) average 平均水平以上/以下
up to average 达到一般水准
(3)average out 算出平均数
[佳句背诵] All students have two PE classes a week and run for an average of 20 minutes every day.
所有学生每周有两节体育课，每天平均跑步20分钟。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Tom was astonished(astonish) to see his one year old brother walking on his own.
②Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing(astonish) ways.
[再写美]——句式升级
(普通表达)To my astonishment, she didn't care about my feelings.
③(高级表达)She didn't care about my feelings, which_astonished_me．(定语从句)
④(高级表达)It_was_astonishing_that she didn't care about my feelings.(it作形式主语)
⑤(高级表达)What_astonished_me_was_that she didn't care about my feelings.(what引导主语从句)
(1)It astonishes sb. that... 令某人惊讶的是……
(2)astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的
It is astonishing that... 令人感到惊讶的是……
(3)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at... 对……感到惊讶
(4)astonishment n. 惊讶
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
[佳句背诵] He was astonished to see how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years.
他惊讶地看到他的家乡在过去的十年里发生了多么大的变化。
[名师点津] “使某人非常惊讶的是”表达荟萃：
much to one's surprise/amazement/astonishment
advertisement n．广告；启事；征聘
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①No one knows for sure when advertising(advertise) first started.
②We advertised for people who had experience to do the job.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)And I'm calling to ask about the position advertised(advertise) in Friday's Daily Mail.
[再写美]——微写作
④这家小旅馆被宣传为自16世纪初就有了。
The inn is_advertised_as being from the early 16th century.
(1)advertise v． (为……)做广告；征聘
advertise oneself 自吹自擂
be advertised as... 被宣传为……
(2)advertising n. 广告宣传；广告业
[佳句背诵] I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.
我需要发布一个广告来找一个下学期的室友。
[名师点津] advertise sth.指为某物做广告，即登广告宣传某物；advertise for sb./sth.指登广告征求或寻求……，for表目的。
owe sth.to sb. 欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①My English teacher is such a great soul, to whom I owe many thanks.
②I owe it to him that I finished my work in time.
③We owe it to you to_complete(complete) this job, so we hope you make efforts to help us.
[再写美]——微写作
④由于天气不好，今天上午的航班将推迟。
Owing_to_bad_weather,_this morning's flight will be delayed.
(1)owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb.
欠某人某物；把……归功于……
owe it to sb. that.../to do...
把……归功于某人
(2)owing to 由于
[佳句背诵] I owe you an apology for being unable to pick you up at the airport.
我为不能去机场接你而向你道歉。
“rather than”意为“而不是”
(教材P38)Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.
他们决定先飞到温哥华，然后再坐火车，而不是一路乘坐商业航空飞机。
[先练会]——用than的相关短语填空
①Rather_than take his teacher's advice, the boy stuck to his dream until it came true.
②As a matter of fact，I don't know any French people other_than you.
[再写美]——一句多译
如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉我的手机。
③If I had to give up one of them, I would_turn_off_the_TV_rather_than switch off my cellphone.(rather than)
④If I had to give up one of them, I would_rather_turn_off_the_TV_than switch off my cellphone.(would rather)
⑤If I had to give up one of them, I prefer_to_turn_off_the_TV_rather_than switch off my cellphone.(prefer)
(1) would rather do sth.than do sth.
would do sth.rather than do sth.
prefer to do sth.rather than do sth. (宁愿做某事而不愿做某事)
(2)other than 不同于；除了……外
or rather 更确切地说
more than 多于；不仅仅；非常
[佳句背诵] Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
解决你的问题的最好方法是面对它们，而不是逃避它们。
[名师点津] rather than连接主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
where引导的定语从句
(教材P38)When the train arrived at the station， they took a taxi to Lake Louise， where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.
当火车到达车站时，他们乘出租车去了路易丝湖，在那里，蔚蓝的海水以其非凡的美丽让他们叹为观止。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①He gets into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.
②She wants a job where her management skills can be put to use.
③We went up to the top of the hill， from where we had a good view of the whole city.
[再写美]——同义替换
④You reach a point in any project where you just want to get the thing finished.
→You reach a point in any project in which you just want to get the thing finished. (用“介词＋关系代词”改写)
(1)where引导定语从句常常修饰表示地点的先行词，在从句中作地点状语。
(2)where引导的定语从句还可修饰抽象地点名词，如：point、stage、case、situation、condition、position、environment、activity、race、job、scene、system等。
(3)from where也可引导定语从句。
[佳句背诵] China has reached a stage where its economy is expected to grow at a medium speed in the coming years， so an increase of the box office income is possible. 中国已经到了这样一个阶段，预计未来几年中国经济将以中等速度增长，因此票房收入有可能增加。(江苏卷)
“It was not until...that...”意为“直到……才……”
(教材P39)It was not until 9：30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario， Toronto.
直到上午9点半，她们才终于到了安大略省的首府多伦多。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(浙江卷)It was not until I became involved in student government that I gained the confidence to handle projects.
②(福建卷改编)It was not until he went through real hardship that he realized the love we have for our families is important.
[再写美]——句式升级
(普通表达)He didn't go to bed until his son came back from work last night.
③(高级表达)It was not until his son came back from work that he went to bed last night. (强调加黑部分)
④(高级表达)Not until his son came back from work did he go to bed last night. (倒装)
(1)It was not until...that...意为“直到……才……”，是强调句型和not...until...句式的结合。
(2)not until位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构。
[佳句背诵] (1)It was not until she arrived in class that she realized she had forgotten her book.
直到到了教室她才意识到她忘记带书了。
(2)Not until her parents came back did the little girl begin to do her homework.
直到小女孩的父母回来，她才开始做作业。
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2020·新高考山东卷)Many people have the hobby of collecting things，e.g.stamps，postcards or antiques.n.古董
2．When I told you to “get lost”， I didn't expect to be taken literally.adv.字面上
3．(2019·江苏卷)Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.n.边界
4．(全国卷Ⅱ)We were respectful of craft and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.n.技艺
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．The peasants arose against their masters.v.群起反对
2．We eagerly anticipated the day we would go to the dream university. v．盼望
3．(2020·江苏卷)Humor makes average looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining. adj.普通的
4．Yesterday he suffered a massive heart attack and was rushed to hospital.adj.严重的
Ⅲ.一词多义——根据语境选出contrary的词性及含义
A．adj.与之相异的，相对立的，相反的
B．adj.逆反的
C．n.相反的事实(或事情、情况)
1．She was such a contrary child—it was impossible to please her.B
2．In the end the contrary was proved true: he was innocent and she was guilty.C
3．(2020·新高考山东卷)And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.A
提能训练二 课文语法填空
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast. Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, seeing the 1.sights(sight)．On the morning of departure, the two girls arose early 2.to_take(take) the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. They spent the night, and then took 3.a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper. From Jasper, they caught the train towards Toronto. One of the train's first stops 4.was(be) in Edmonton, the provincial capital of Alberta, the centre of Canada's huge oil and gas 5.drilling(drill) industry. From Edmonton, the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. They went through two wheat growing provinces, 6.where they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area. After another day on the train, 7.eventually(eventual) they were back in the city of Winnipeg. From there, they travelled through the night, and woke up in Ontario. The train 8.thundered(thunder) on, through the rolling hills. Night came again, and the train turned south towards Toronto. When they woke up the next morning, they could see the wide stretch of Lake Huron. It was not until 9：30 a．m. 9.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto. All in all, 10.their(they) trip from Vancouver to Toronto had taken a duration of four days.
提能训练三 用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假定你是李华，你的加拿大好友保罗(Paul)发来邮件，说他准备春节期间来你所在的城市旅游。请你给他回复一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1．介绍你所在城市的旅游景点；
2．自荐给他当导游。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
■审题谋篇
■遣词造句
Ⅰ.单元相关语块
1．harbour n． 港口
2．awesome adj. 令人惊叹的；很好的
3．antique n. 古董；古物
adj. 古老的；古董的
4．craft n. 手艺；工艺；技艺
5．shore n. 岸；滨
6．scenery n. 风景；景色
7．highlight n. 最好或最精彩的部分
8．pleasant adj. 令人愉快的；友好的
Ⅱ.单元语块运用
1．完成句子
①这个城市位于我们省的东部。
The city is_located_in the east of our province.
②这是一个有大海港的海滨城市。
It is a seaside city with_a_big_harbour．
③市中心有两个美术馆。
There are two art galleries in_the_center_of the city.
④在那里你可以看到许多当代艺术家的杰出作品。
You can see many awesome_works of contemporary artists there.
⑤还有一座世界著名的博物馆。
There is also a_world famous_museum．
⑥在博物馆里，你可以看到历史悠久的古董手工艺。
In the museum, you can see antique arts and crafts that have_a_long_history．
2．句式升级
⑦用过去分词短语作状语合并句①和句②
Located_in_the_east_of_our_province,_it_is_a_seaside_city_with_a_big_harbour.
⑧用定语从句合并句③和句④
There_are_two_art_galleries_in_the_center_of_the_city,_where_you_can_see_many_awesome_works_of_contemporary_artists.
⑨用定语从句合并句⑤和句⑥
There_is_also_a_world famous_museum,_where_you_can_see_antique_arts_and_crafts_that_have_a_long_history.
■妙笔成篇
____________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Dear Paul，
I'm glad to know that you are planning to visit my city during the Spring Festival. Now I'm writing to tell you something about my city.
Located in the east of our province, it is a seaside city with a big harbour. There are two art galleries in the center of the city, where you can see many awesome works of contemporary artists. There is also a world famous museum, where you can see antique arts and crafts that have a long history. The park along the shore is also worth visiting because you can enjoy the beautiful scenery and get close to nature. Now it's just the time of the Spring Festival, so you will have a chance to experience the customs of this traditional festival. This will be the highlight of your trip. What's more, I will be greatly honored to be your guide. I believe you will have a pleasant trip.
Looking forward to seeing you in China.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
提能训练四 读后续写25——使用形容词、副词和动词等渲染自然场景
Ⅰ.选词填空(畅游西湖)
appreciate, renowned, amazed by, range from...to..., explore, wander, gently, reflect, rise, historical, stop by
Come and 1.explore the West Lake in Hangzhou, a charming city in China where you will see dozens of spectacular attractions, 2.ranging_from peaceful water, running hills to many 3.historical temples and towers. Stroll along the lakeside, 4.wander in centuries old traditional Chinese gardens, 5.appreciate the blossoming lotus (荷花) dancing in the gentle summer breeze and 6.stop_by a pleasant teahouse for some 7.renowned Longjing tea. You'll find yourself 8.amazed_by all the delight. Personally, I enjoy boating on West Lake most. As the small boat moved 9.gently around, I am always left speechless by the mountains being silently 10.reflected in the water. Seeing the mists 11.rising from the lake and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops, I am reduced to tears. Mother Nature is the greatest artist on earth.
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(自然环境描写——美好、喜乐、欢愉)
1．When I was bathed in the sunlight, it felt like the amber like sunshine was kissing every inch of my skin.
2．When I drew the curtains back, the sunlight flooded in, dancing and shining.
3．I was immediately impressed by the blue sky with thick silver lining clouds drifting around.
4．White clouds flow in the blue sky like quiet fish swimming in the broad ocean.
PAGE
17UNIT 5 FIRST AID
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂
默想下面单词的词性及含义，不会的在)中做出标记并核对识记。
1.leaflet 2.organ 3.toxin
4.ray 5.radiation 6.acid
7.millimetre 8.layer 9.underneath
10.blister 11.fabric 12.paramedic
13.bathtub 14.mosquito 15.carpet
16.operator 17.ambulance 18.needle
19.ward 20.sprain 21.ankle
22.fellow 23.diner 24.steak
25.throat 26.slap 27.obstruction,
[自主核对区]
1．n.散页印刷品；传单；小册子 2.n.(人或动植物的)器官 3.n.毒素(尤指细菌产生的致病物质) 4.n.光线；光束；(热、电等)射线 5.n.辐射；放射线 6.n.酸adj.酸的；酸性的 7.n.毫米；千分之一米 8.n.层；表层；层次 9.prep.& adv.在……底下；隐藏在下面 10.n.(皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的)水疱；(金属等表面的)气泡、水泡 11.n.织物；布料；(社会、机构等的)结构 12.n.急救医生；护理人员 13.n.浴缸；浴盆 14.n.蚊子 15.n.地毯 16.n.电话接线员；操作员 17.n.救护车 18.n.针；缝衣针；注射针；指针
19．n.病房 20.vt.扭伤(关节)n.扭伤 21.n.踝；踝关节 22.adj.同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的n.男人；家伙；同辈；同类 23.n.(尤指餐馆的)就餐者 24.n.牛排；肉排 25.n.咽喉；喉咙 26.vt.(用手掌)打、拍n.(用手掌)打、拍；拍击声 27.n.阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
1．scream vi.& vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫
n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音
2．victim n. 受害者；患者
3．practical adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的
4．swallow vt.& vi. 吞下；咽下
5．wrap vt. 包、裹；(用手臂等)围住
6．elderly adj. 年纪较大的；上了年纪的(婉辞)
7．panic vi.& vt. (使)惊慌
n. 惊恐；恐慌
[语境活用]——根据汉语意思填写单词
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Some people live with their elderly(年老的) parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left.
2．(2019·北京卷)Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers (骗子) can aim at victims(受害者) precisely.
3．I like to wrap(包裹) up Christmas presents in pretty paper.
4．William was studying in his room when he heard someone screaming(尖声叫)．
5．When the fire broke out, people panicked(惊慌失措) and ran in all directions.
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
1．urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策→urgency n．紧急(的事)；迫切；强求；催促
2．tight adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的adv.紧紧地；牢固地→tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地→tighten_v．使牢固
3．swell vi.膨胀；肿胀→ [过去式/过去分词]swelled/swollen→swollen adj.(身体部位)肿起的；肿胀的
4．ease vi.& vt.(使)宽慰；减轻；缓解 n．容易；舒适；自在→easy adj.容易的→uneasy adj.担心的；不安的→easily adv.轻易地
5．bath n．洗澡；浴缸；浴盆 vt.给……洗澡→bathe vi.洗澡；游泳
6．slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走 n．滑倒；小错误；纸条→slippery adj.滑的
7．electric adj.电的；用电的；电动的→electrical adj.与电有关的；电气科学的→electricity n．电；电学；电流→electronic adj.电子的；电子器件的
8．interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰vt.使暂停；使中断→interruption n．打断；打岔；中断
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2020·江苏卷)We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity(electric)．
2．If you interrupt others' conversation abruptly, you will be to blame for your interruption．(interrupt)
3．Even with medicine to ease his pain, it is not easy for him to walk. Besides, he felt quite uneasy because of his awkward way of walking. (ease)
4．I came to deliver an urgent message not only because I was urged by my parents but also because I was driven by a sense of urgency. (urgent)
5．Stay away from icy surfaces, as it is very slippery or you will slip and get injured. (slip)
6．My ankle has swollen up because I accidentally swelled it badly last night. (swell)
7．Various measures are being taken to tighten school security and at the same time parents should watch over their children tightly．(tight)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现
1．sense_of_touch 触觉
2．electric_shock 触电；电击
3．help_sb._to_one's_feet 帮助某人站起身来
4．face_up/down 面朝上(朝下)
5．sleep_in 迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉
6．out_of_shape 健康状况不好
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．A paralyzed person, who got nerve injuries, could regain their ability to walk and get back their sense_of_touch by the new brain machine brain transmission technology.
2．The young boy immediately helped the old man who fell down on the ground to_his_feet.
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.“帮助”家族
①aid n．& vt. 帮助；援助；资助
②favour n. 帮助
③assist vt. 帮助；协助
④assistance n. 帮助；协助
⑤support n．& vt. 支持；帮助
⑥help vt. 帮助
2.“成双成对”的名词荟萃
①scissors 剪刀
②jeans 牛仔裤
③earphones 耳机
④trousers 裤子
⑤glasses 眼镜
⑥shoes 鞋子
3.A B C式过去式、过去分词变化
①swell→swelled→swollen
②drive→drove→driven
③ride→rode→ridden
④rise→rose→risen
⑤write→wrote→written
⑥arise→arose→arisen
(三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.你可以想象，烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害。 动词 ing形式作主语 1.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)这就是用植物、水果和花卉装饰具有特殊的意义的原因。This is why decorating_with_plants,_fruits_and_flowers carries special significance.
Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary，unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.如有必要，用剪刀剪掉衣服，除非你看到布料已粘在烧伤的皮肤上。 unless引导条件状语从句 2.(2020·新高考山东卷)因此，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless_it's_a_truly_serious_one.
urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①I had an urge to_open(open) a café of my own, and both my parents encouraged me to take action.
②To sum up, protecting animals is greatly urgent(urge) and it is vital for us to take steps to protect them.
③The government immediately dealt with this as a matter of urgency(urge)．
[再写美]——一句多译
父母应该积极地督促孩子利用加入体育队的机会。
④Parents should actively urge_their_children_to_take_advantage_of the opportunity to join sports teams.(简单句)
⑤Parents should actively urge that their_children_should_take_advantage_of_the_opportunity to join sports teams.(宾语从句)
(1)urge n． 强烈的欲望；冲动
v. 催促；力劝
urge sb. to do/into doing sth.
催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth.
极力主张……做某事
have/feel an urge to do sth.
有强烈的欲望做某事
(2)urgency n. 紧迫；急迫；急事
[佳句背诵] In order to improve learning efficiency，I urge that all of us (should)form the habit of thinking independently and going over lessons in time.
为了提高学习效率，我主张大家养成独立思考、及时复习功课的习惯。
panic vi.& vt.(panicked, panicked)(使)惊慌 n．惊恐；恐慌
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Even the great speaker sometimes will be in panic and slip into a bathroom for practice before making a speech.
②A group of children panicked(panic) when they realized that they got lost in the woods.
[再写美]——微写作
③每当人们在惊恐慌乱中做出决定时，结果往往都不太美妙。
Whenever_people_make_decisions_when_they_are_in_panic,_the consequences are rarely pretty.
(1)in panic 惊慌失措地
get into a panic 陷入恐慌
(2)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人惊慌地做某事
[佳句背诵] I got into a panic when I saw smoke coming out of the kitchen.
看到厨房冒烟，我顿时慌了手脚。
[名师点津] 注意panic的过去式和过去分词都是panicked。
interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①He was writing a poem when he was_interrupted(interrupt) by a knock at the door.
②(全国卷Ⅱ)Interruptions(interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done.
[再写美]——微写作
③就我个人而言，打断别人说话是不礼貌的。
As far as I'm concerned, it_is_bad_manners_to_interrupt_others when they are talking.
(1)be interrupted by 被……打断/阻断
(2)interruption n. 打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物
without interruption 连续地；不断地
[佳句背诵] To help them better understand our tea drinking culture, I introduced the history of tea making to them for several hours without interruption. 为了帮助他们更好地了解我们的饮茶文化，我连续几小时不间断地向他们介绍了泡茶的历史。(2018·北京卷满分作文)
desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷7月) My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway. I ran desperately(desperate) but failed to catch up.
②Judging from what he said and did, we can conclude that he is desperate for fame.
③After ten years of hard study, he is desperate to_pass(pass) the College Entrance Examination.
[再写美]——微写作
④海地目前亟需更多的医生和护士来帮助这个国家控制霍乱疫情。
Haiti is in_desperate_need_of_more_doctors_and_nurses to help it manage a cholera crisis.
(1)be desperate for 渴望得到……
be desperate to do... 渴望做……
in desperate need (of) 非常需要(……)
(2)desperately adv. 拼命地；绝望地
[佳句背诵] We are desperately in need of your help. So as the group leader, I sincerely invite you to join us. 我们急切需要你的帮助，因此作为领队，我真诚地邀请你加入我们。(2018·天津卷满分作文)
[名师点津] desperate表示“绝望的”时，因本身已含有very的意思，所以习惯上不再与very连用。
out of shape 健康状况不好
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(湖南卷)It's not what we do once in a while that shapes(shape) our lives, but what we do consistently.
②The theme park shaped(shape) like a castle where we played last Sunday left me a deep impression.
③(江苏卷)Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push ups too to stay in shape.
[再写美]——微写作
④(2020·天津卷7月)为了我的五岁生日，我妈妈给我烤制了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。
For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake in_the_shape_of_a_monkey．
⑤看！由于碰撞，这辆车的前部现在已经完全变形了。
Look! The front part of the car is now totally out_of_shape due to the crash.
(1)shape vt. 造成……形状；塑造
n. 形状；体形
shape...into... 把……加工/塑造成……
be shaped like... 形状像……
(2)be in good/bad shape
情况良好/不佳
out of shape 变/走样；不成样子；
身体不舒服，生病
in the shape of 呈……的形状
[佳句背诵] Every struggle in your life has shaped you into the person you are today.Be thankful for the hard times; they can only make you stronger.
你生命中的每次努力都成就了今天的你。感谢生命中那些艰难的岁月，它们只会让你变得更强大。
动词 ing形式作主语
(教材P50)As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
你可以想象，烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)Learning to think critically is(be) an important skill today's children will need for the future.
②It's no use arguing(argue) with him over this matter.
③His(he) coming home late worries his mother.
④Being_exposed(expose) to the sunlight too long is harmful to your skin.
[再写美]——一句多译
他的爱好之一是集邮。
⑤Collecting_stamps_is_one_of_his_hobbies.(动词 ing形式作主语)
⑥It_is_one_of_his_hobbies_to_collect_stamps.(it作形式主语)
(1)动词 ing形式作主语通常表示习惯性、泛指、经常性、不具体的动作，而不定式作主语则表示一次性、特指、未来、具体的动作。动词 ing形式作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
(2)当use、good、pity、time、fun、nice、worth等作表语时，常用it作形式主语，把作主语的动词 ing 形式后置。其他情况下，当将动词 ing形式移至句尾时，通常改为不定式。
(3)动词 ing形式的复合结构作主语时，其逻辑主语必须是形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
[佳句背诵] Going outdoors and playing team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger. 到户外和朋友一起进行体育锻炼是一种有效的摆脱愤怒的方式。(安徽卷)
unless引导条件状语从句
(教材P51)Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
如有必要，用剪刀剪掉衣服，除非你看到布料已粘在烧伤的皮肤上。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Unless the weather gets(get) better, I will stay at home.
②I won't attend the party to be held tomorrow unless invited(invite)．
[再写美]——一句多译
众所周知，除非你有规律地进行锻炼，否则身体就不会健康。
③It is known to all that unless_you_exercise_regularly,_you won't keep fit.(unless)
④It is known to all that if_you_don't_exercise_regularly,_you won't keep healthy.(if)
(1)unless意为“除非；如果不”，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，可与if...not引导的否定状语从句互换；
(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时；
(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。
[佳句背诵] Unless you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(全国卷Ⅰ)There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.n.地毯
2．(2018·天津卷)The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.adj.手动的
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat sized animals multiplied like crazy. v．崩溃
4．(2019·北京卷)Although the programme asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes beyond to ensure the welfare and safety of the students.n.福利
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．He loosed the straps that bound her arms.v.松开
2．Most of my salary gets swallowed up by the rent and bills.v.用尽，耗尽
3．(牛津词典) I was going to have a go at parachuting but lost my nerve at the last minute. n．勇气
4．Seeing the national flag flying high, I felt myself swell with inner passion and pride. v．充满
Ⅲ.一词多义——根据语境选出slip的词性及含义
A．v.滑倒，滑跤，滑落 B．v.悄悄疾行，溜，放走
C．v.迅速放置，悄悄塞 D．v.下降，退步
E．n.差错，疏漏 F．n.纸条，便条
1．(天津卷)During these waits，the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks.B
2．Addicted to playing computer games, the boy's marks at school slipped sharply.D
3．When he was sliding on the snow, he slipped over and broke his legs.A
4．I managed to slip a few jokes into my speech.C
5．He recited the whole poem without making a single slip.E
6．I wrote it down on a slip of paper in case I forgot.F
提能训练二 课文语法填空
As an essential part and 1.the largest organ of our body, the skin has many important 2.functions(function). Therefore, 3.getting(get) burnt can lead to very serious injuries, which need first aid in time.
We can get burnt by a 4.variety(various) of things, like hot liquids, fire or some chemicals. 5.Depending(depend) on the depth of the skin damage burns can be divided into three types: first degree burns, second degree burns and third degree burns. For first degree burns, first, place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. Second, dry the burnt area 6.gently(gentle) with a clean cloth. Meanwhile, remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, 7.unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. Then cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Don't apply oil 8.to the injured areas, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. It is important 9.to_take(take) the victim 10.who suffers from second or third degree burns to the hospital right away.
提能训练三 用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你和你的同学李明一起去锅炉房打开水，在回寝室的路上，李明的热水瓶突然破裂，开水烫伤了他的脚。于是你对他实施了必要的急救。请你结合此事，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文，向学校英文报投稿，主要内容包括：
1．描述事故发生的经过；
2．你是如何实施急救的(冷水冲洗、送医院做进一步的处理)；
3．简要谈谈你对掌握一定急救知识的重要性的认识。
参考词汇：锅炉房 boiler room；热水瓶 thermos bottle
■审题谋篇
■遣词造句
Ⅰ.单元相关语块
1．burn n．&v. 烧伤；烫伤
2．swollen adj. (身体部位)肿起的；肿胀的
3．first_aid 急救
4．first aid adj. 急救的
5．practical adj. 切实可行的；实际的
6．ease_ vt. 减轻；缓解
7．rush_sb._to_the_hospital 匆忙把某人送往医院
8．right_away/at_once 立刻；马上
Ⅱ.单元语块运用
1．完成句子
①烫伤非常严重。
The burn_was_very_severe．
②皮肤又红又肿。
The skin was red and swollen．
③我设法保持镇静，并快速回想在急救课堂上学到的内容。
I managed to remain_calm,_and quickly recalled what_I_had_learnt_in_my_first aid_class．
④我立即把他的脚放到流动的凉水下，以减轻疼痛。
I placed his feet under the cool_running_water_right_away_to_ease the pain.
⑤然后，我打电话叫了一辆出租车，并匆忙把他送往了医院。
Afterwards, I called a taxi and rushed_him_to_the_hospital．
⑥在医院里，他接受了进一步的治疗。
In the hospital, he received further treatment．
⑦在那时我意识到了基本的急救知识是多么重要和实用。
Then I was aware_how_important_and_practical a basic knowledge_of_first_aid was.
2．句式升级
⑧用so...that...句型合并句①和句②
The_burn_was_so_severe_that_the_skin_was_red_and_swollen.
⑨用现在分词作伴随状语升级句③
I_managed_to_remain_calm,_quickly_recalling_what_I_had_learnt_in_my_first aid_class.
⑩用where引导的定语从句合并句⑤和句⑥
Afterwards,_I_called_a_taxi_and_rushed_him_to_the_hospital_where_he_received_further_treatment.
用“Only＋状语”放句首的倒装句升级句⑦
Only_then_was_I_aware_how_important_and_practical_a_basic_knowledge_of_first_aid_was.
■妙笔成篇
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One possible version：
One day, Li Ming and I were walking back the dorm from the boiler room when suddenly his thermos bottle burst and the boiling water caused injuries to his feet. The burn was so severe that the skin was red and swollen. However, I managed to remain calm, quickly recalling what I had learnt in my first aid class. I placed his feet under the cool running water right away to ease the pain. Afterwards, I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received further treatment.
Only then was I aware how important and practical a basic knowledge of first aid was.
提能训练四 读后续写26——用感官细节描述一个场景
Ⅰ.选词填空(暴风雨来临)
wind, quicken, light, shaken, getting worse, lightning, smell, how long, thunder, coming by
The rainstorm had started only a few minutes ago, and she wasn't sure 1.how_long it would last. The only she was sure of was that the situation was 2.getting_worse. Dark black clouds made the night sky even darker.The crash of 3.thunder was loud overhead and a sudden flash of 4.lightning broke from the midst of the darkened sky.The pounding rain was beating against her face.Water trickled (滴落) into her mouth and blurred her eyes.The 5.wind was howling sweeping the leaves on the ground high into the air. Breathing in the 6.smell of wet dirt and moisture, she was 7.shaken with cold.
There was no one 8.coming_by. There was no mobile signal. She had no choice but to 9.quicken her steps. The only hope lay in the warm, dim 10.light in the distance，which seemed to be welcoming her home.
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(患上疾病)
In March 2018, She received a routine blood test and found her kidneys were not functioning normally. After going through a string of tests, doctors could not figure out what caused her kidneys to fail.
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