人教版必修三Unit1 Festivals around the world Reading知识点学案

必修三 Unit 1 Festivals around the world
Reading
1. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds (各种各样的节日和庆典) have been held everywhere since ancient times.
A) books of all kinds = all kinds of books
of all kinds, of different kinds, of this/that kind 作后置定语,中心词是前面名词
a kind of + n 谓语用单数
all kinds of/ different kinds of +n 谓语用复数
1) Books of this kind are (be) hard to get.
2) There is (be) a kind of tree whose flowers are very beautiful.
3) Those kinds of fruit are (be) cheap.
4) Those kinds of fruit(s) are (be) cheap.
5) This kind of book(s) is (be) is easy.
B) in ancient times 在古代
time /c/&/u/
a lot of time
a long time
times of the bus
2. planting n.种植，plant n. 植物；
park n. 公园，parking n. 停车；
book n. 书籍，booking n. 订票(座位/房间)
3. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the cold winter months.
（A）would 此处表示过去的习惯，习性，倾向等。意思“过去常常”； 常跟often, sometimes, frequently, for hours 连用。
可能性大→小排序：must>will>would>ought to>should>can>could>may>might
1) During the time he was abroad, he would get up at six (常常6点起床) every day.
(B)…food was difficult to find “主语+be + adj. + 不定式 ”
2) The problem is really hard to work out. (真的难以解答)
3) The house is comfortable to live in.( 住起来)
4) My boss is easy to get along with. 我们老板很容易相处。
5) (高考) The chair is comfortable to sit on. (坐起来)
(C) at that time /at this time/at the time/ at the moment “届时”1) 一般过去式2) 现在时
4. today 今天，现在 yesterday 昨天，过去 tomorrow 明天，将来
today’s festivals现在的节日 today’s newspaper 今天的报纸
5. Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors who might return either to help or to do harm. ……来提供帮助，也有可能带来危害
(A) honour vt.向…表示敬意；给…以荣誉
/u/ 尊敬；敬重;荣誉 /c/ (抽象名词具体化) 引以为荣的人或事（一般使用单数）。
honour sb (with sth ) for sth.因为…/用… 向某人表示尊重
in honour of sb/ sth 为了纪念…… ; 为了向……表示敬意
an honoured guest 贵宾
It's a great honour to do sth. 做……倍感荣幸
1) We fight for the honour of our country. 荣誉　
2) Every student has a fine sense of honour. 自尊心
3) We should show honour to our teachers and parents.
4) It's a great honour to have been asked here to make a speech. 荣幸的事、荣耀的事　
5) He is an honour to our class. 引以为荣的人
6) I feel it an honour / honoured to be invited.
7) She will be honoured in promoting friendship between two countries.
他将因为在促进两国间的友谊方面所做的工作而受到表彰。
8) We are here to honour those who devoted their lives to our country.
今天我们在此向那些为祖国献出生命的人们表示敬意。
（B) either… or …. 要么…要么…, 用来连接两个性质相同的并列成分； 若连接两个名词作主语，谓语动词与靠近的主语保持一致,(连接主语时，遵循靠近原则).
3) Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。
4) Are either you or I wrong 是你错了还是我错了？
5) Either you or he deserves praising/ to be praised.(应受表扬)
(C) do harm/ damage/ good/ wrong to sb.给人带来伤害/损失/好处/冤屈
1) Smoking does harm to you.
=2) Smoking does you harm.
=3) Smoking harms you.
=4) Smoking is harmful to you.
(D) 表类别，多用复数
the dead/old/young/rich/poor;
the wounded/injured;
the living
E) satisfy / meet the needs/ demands 满足需要
1) Nothing satisfied him.
2) He was satisfied with nothing.
3) It was satisfying to win the race.
6. in memory of 纪念，怀念
in + n + of 表示某种行为的目的或性质
in search of in favour of(同意) in support of in place of in need of in honour of
1) The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist. (为了纪念那位著名科学家)
2) There is a party tonight ______ our new English teacher, Tom.
A. in memory of B. in place of C. in honour of D. in favor of
辨析：in memory of为了纪念…(一般用于对已故的人);
in honour of 为了向某人表示敬意；根据语境：举办聚会是向新老师表示敬意。
7. 1) Lead him to the room. (领某人到…)
2) All roads lead to Rome. (通向) 殊途同归
3) Carelessness leads to failure. (通向;导致)
4) Failure results from carelessness.
8. feast—banquet (正式) give /hold a feast 举行宴会
9. in the shape of 以……形状/式
1) Our school is in the shape of square.
2) He showed his thank in the shape/form of an invitation to dinner.
10. 欣赏下列定语从句并模仿造句：
1). It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets.
2) China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.
3) India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.
【模仿】我忘不了布朗夫人，她是我的英语老师，在我感到沮丧的时候她总是鼓励我。
I’ll never forget Mrs. Brown, my English teacher, who would encourage me when I was upset.
11.cakes with“bones”on them 装点有骨头的蛋糕
1)脸上带笑的小女孩 a girl with a smile on her face
2) 两岸有鲜花的小河 a river with flowers on both sides
3)开着音乐你怎么学习？ How do you study with music on
12. offer sb sth; offer sth to sb; offer to do （主动）提出/提供
He offered /charged me $20,000 for the car. (出价/索价)
13. belief—beliefs /c/; /u/
beyond belief 难以置信
He has belief in God. 信仰/相信…的存在
14. dress up 盛装，打扮，装饰，伪装；
dress up as 装扮成，打扮成
dress ( vi. ; vt. ) 穿衣; 给…穿衣服
dress sb/oneself (in sth) 某人穿着…
be/get dressed ( in sth ) 穿着
1) She likes to dress up for a party. (盛装出席晚会)
2) He dressed up as a policeman. 他乔装打扮成警察。
3) After the bath, he dressed himself / got dressed (穿上衣服) and went out.
4) He dressed himself in black. (动作)
5) He was dressed in black. (状态)
6) Dressed (dress) in white, he looks like a doctor.
7) They dressed quickly /well /alike(相像08广东高考).(vi)
15. play tricks/ a trick on sb = play sb tricks/a trick捉弄某人
play a joke on sb 开玩笑
make fun of取笑；
make a fool of 愚弄
trick—or—treat “不给糖果就捣蛋”
1).The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others. (喜欢捉弄人)
2). He tricked me into giving him the money. 他哄骗我给了他钱。
16. poet /c/ 诗人 poem /c/<具体>(一首) 诗 poetry /u/ <总称>诗
17. the arrival of sb.=sb’s arrival;
the coming of spring; the return of the spirits/ Jesus; the end of winter
As soon as Tom arrived at the station, he called me.
= Arriving at the station, he called me.
=On arriving at the station, he called me.
=On Tom’s/his arrival at the station, he called me.
=On the arrival of Tom, he called me.
18. gain independence from获得独立
become independent of
dependence /dependent /depend /rely /count on
19. be grateful to sb for sth 感谢某人
20. produce /u/ (集合用法)农产品 product /c/ 产品
farm /agricultural produce/products 农产品
factory products 工业产品
production line 生产线
21. handsome (男性)英俊的 (女性)健美的
a handsome rooster/young man 帅/英俊的
a handsome woman 健美的
22. admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes 赏月、品尝月饼
We all admired her for the fact that she saved the children from the fire.
她把孩子们从大火中救出来,我们都钦佩不已。
23. get together/gather聚会
24. He is an energetic boy.=The boy is full of energy.
25. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 最富有生气而又最重要的节日就是告别冬天迎来春天的日子。(B3 P2)
（A）句型：The most...is the one that... 最……的就是……
例句: The most important days are the ones that we spent in America.
最重要的日子就是我们在美国度过的。
仿写
⑴最令人惊讶的消息(event)就是他被北京大学录取了。
The most surprising event is the one that he has been admitted to Beijing University.
（2）今年最流行的服饰就是那些棉纱做的衣服。
The most popular dresses are the ones that are made of cotton this year.
(3）最有经验最有益的老师是那些不仅教给知识的人而且还是教你如何获取知识的人
The most experienced teachers are the ones who not only teach you knowledge but also tell you how to gain knowledge.
(B) look forward to 期望，期待，盼望 “to”为介词，后接名词，代词，动名词。
to作介词的短语：pay attention to, turn to, devote…to,
be/get used to, stick to. apply…to,
1) I look forward to hearing from you as soon as possible. (尽快收到你的信)
2) The day we looked forward to came at last.我们盼望的那一天到来了。
3) I look forward/backward to see what is happening. 向前看/向后看
26. at/on the Spring Festival
27. give children lucky money in red paper 给红纸包着的压岁钱
28. lucky money 压岁钱 pocket money 零用钱
29. day and night (night and day) (all day and all night)日日夜夜
30. clothing /u/ 总称（衣帽鞋被等） clothes pl. 具体（衣服） cloth /u/ 布料/c/桌布；擦碗布
a piece of /an article of clothing 一件衣服
suits/a suit of clothes 几/一套衣服
many/ a few /these /my /some/ more clothes
a piece of cloth 一块衣料
a cloth/ table-cloth/ dish-cloth 一块桌布/擦碗布
31. social problem/practice 社会问题/实践
social nature/ clubs 交际天性/联谊会
32. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
as though（as if ）引导方式状语从句或者表语从句。
(A)从句可用虚拟语气，表示一种假设或不大可能事。从句表示与现在事实相反用过去式，与过去事实相反用过去完成式。
(B). as though 后面的从句也可以用于陈述语气。常放在 look, seem, sound, smell, feel 等动词后
1) He talks as if (though) he knew everything.
2) The little boy often walks as though (if) he were an old man.(像个老人一样).
3) He talked about pyramids as though he had seen them himself before.(好像见过一样)
4) It looks as if our side is going to win.
5) It looks as if (though) it is going to rain.
6) It/She looks/seems as if/though she is mad.
7) It/She looks/seems as if/though she were /was mad.
8) He talks/talked as if/though she was an American.
9) He talks/talked as if/though she had been to America.
33. have fun with sb 玩得开心
have fun (in) doing sth 做…愉快
for /in fun –on business 开玩笑
1) You are sure to have a lot of fun at the party tonight. 你们肯定会玩的很愉快。
2) What fun it is to play with snow! 玩雪真快乐！
3) We had much fun with each other.
4) We have fun in learning English.
34. 1) It is the custom to eat dumplings on New Year’s Eve. 习俗
2) The Customs is (be) in the east. 海关
3) He has the habit of getting up early. 习惯
4) It was standard practice for all men to carry a gun in the USA. 惯例
35. for a little while 一（小）会儿
36.. be proud of sth/what clause; be proud that…; take pride in sth.为……而自豪
37. 体会下列句子中情态动词的用法。
1)For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.
2)Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.
3)Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.
4)In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit …
5)Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like…
6)At the Spring Festival in China, people …may give children lucky money in red paper.
Learning about language
1. 1) It’s a worldwide organization. adj. 世界性的
2) He is famous worldwide. adv. 举世闻名/闻名世界
2. 1) There is no / not any / a possibility that it is going to rain. （没）有可能…
2) There is no / not any / a possibility of rain.
3) There are several possibilities. 有几种可能。
4) Is there any possibility …