UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
A卷——小题夯基练
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Being able to wait and let go of the desire (渴望) to control each situation is a major key to overcoming anxiety.
2．As young people were the forefront of animal protection efforts, an international nonprofit organization launched (发起) a youth section last year to meet the demands.
3．Many university students started making environment friendly changes both in school and beyond(在……之外) campus.
4．A newly designed flying vehicle (车辆) can drive like a normal car along the road, but at the flip of a switch, wings will come out of the car and it will take flight.
5．Between 27 March and 11 April, the cherry trees are expected to bloom, which is a signal(信号) of the coming of spring.
6．My mother puts hope on me. Sometimes though she doesn't say it, I can sense her disappointment(失望) if failure comes over and over again.
Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food that is provided(provide) by Mom with appreciation.
2．(2020·天津卷7月)Well, it functions by analysing (analyse) the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)If you are planning to do exercise regularly(regular), or you're doing it now, then listen up!
4．(天津卷)One day，mentally(mental) exhausted，I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.
5．Due to hesitation and limited (limit) knowledge about the loan，many newly enrolling students missed the opportunity to apply.
6．By now, Chang'e 5, the heaviest and largest spacecraft in the nation's lunar probe fleet, has been launched(launch) to collect moon samples in a landmark mission.
7．So many people around the world are learning or using English, so it is considered as a universal(universe) language.
8．Students often find that the demands of good argument (argue) help them to speak more fluently and to gain in self confidence.
Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词)
1．As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers.
2．That smell is one of them, as the grass responds to an attack, signaling to the surrounding grass that danger is coming.
3．Running out of money resulted in the immediate death of the startup.
4．Can you imagine someone wearing a pair of huge glasses attached to a computer with a thick cable
5．The idea is to figure out for each incident who was involved, where it happened and when it might go down.
Ⅳ.选词填空
carry on, on board, in the hope of, so as to, figure out, result in, run out
1．We went on board and saw people packed shoulder to shoulder on the ship decks.
2．He devoted all of his time and energy to study in the hope of being admitted to his dream university.
3．One should learn from past mistakes so as to avoid falling into the same trap again.
4．Chinese researchers successfully figured out the genetic structure of the novel coronavirus (新型冠状病毒) in January, 2020.
5．Looking back, it was my childhood love of fantasy cartoons that resulted in a broader interest in science.
Ⅴ.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．尽管筋疲力尽了，他仍然挣扎着站起来，找到一个洞穴保护自己远离危险。(状语从句的省略)
Although exhausted, he still struggled to his feet and found a cave to protect himself from danger.
2．Members work hard so that they can support each other and not let the team down.
→Members work hard so as to support each other and not let the team down．(用so as to改写)
3．大自然为我们的祖国提供了丰富的自然宝藏，使之成为我们幸福的家园。
①Nature has provided our country with wealthy natural treasures and this makes it a happy home for us. (并列句)
②Nature has provided our country with wealthy natural treasures, making it a happy home for us. (v. ing形式作状语)
③Nature has provided our country with wealthy natural treasures, which makes it a happy home for us. (定语从句)
4．人类正在探索太空，希望对宇宙有更多的了解。
①Mankind is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the universe．(in the hope of doing sth.)
②Mankind is exploring space, hoping to find out more about the universe. (v. ing作状语)
B卷——大题提能练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·惠州高三第一次调研)China's domestically developed Beidou Navigation Satellite System has been widely used in many public sectors and business fields at home and abroad.
Beidou has been used in dozens of business and public sector fields in China, including transportation, electric power transmission, fisheries, mining and agriculture.Tens of millions of Beidou based terminal(终端) devices have been sold and are in use.By the end of 2019, more than 100 million Beidou based navigation chips, modules and other products had been sold.The system had by then been fixed in nearly 6.6 million taxis, buses and trucks around China as well as more than 70，000 fishing ships across the country.Beidou enabled functions are also used in at least 50，000 agricultural machines and have improved their operational efficiency.More than 70 percent of mobile phones registered in China are capable of utilizing Beidou signals.In the public security field, more than 400，000 portable terminals used by the police across the country have Beidou enabled positioning functions.Beidou has also played important roles in security work for high level events.
Globally, by the end of 2019, Chinese products based on Beidou had been sold to more than 120 foreign countries and regions, playing a helpful role in a number of public sector fields.For instance, Beidou has helped Russia improve its electric grid inspections(电网检测), made operations more convenient for unmanned aircraft users in Cambodia, and promoted management efficiency of many warehouses in Thailand.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。我国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统已广泛应用于国内外许多公共部门和商业领域，如国内的交通、电力传输、渔业、采矿和农业等商业和公共部门；此外，基于北斗的产品已销往多个国家和国外地区。
1．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “utilizing” in paragraph 2
A．Transforming. B．Using.
C．Passing. D．Strengthening.
B 解析：词义猜测题。通读第二段可知，该段主要讲了北斗卫星导航系统在中国的应用。再分析画线词所在句可知，其表示在中国注册的70%以上的手机能使用北斗信号。故B项正确。
2．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Beidou Navigation Satellite System's navigation is accessible.
B．Beidou Navigation Satellite System's positioning services vary in quality.
C．Beidou Navigation Satellite System's applications spread around the globe.
D．Beidou Navigation Satellite System's operational efficiency improves rapidly.
C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文的主题句为“China's domestically developed Beidou Navigation Satellite System has been widely used in many public sectors and business fields at home and abroad.”，即文章主要介绍了北斗卫星导航系统在国内外的广泛使用，故C项正确。
3．In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear
A．Technology. B．Education.
C．Travel. D．Society.
A 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了我国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统在国内外的广泛使用，据此可以判断，本文最可能摘自报纸的“科技”栏目，故A项正确。
B
(2021·济南高三针对练习)They're orange, they're robots and they're capable of sailing the high seas without human intervention.
On Tuesday the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) launched a pair of Saildrones (海洋无人机) in Pacific Northwest waters for the first time.Their summer long sailing journey will stretch from Vancouver Island to California.The Saildrone operators will collect data to help set future fishing seasons.The government wants to see whether seagoing robots can extend fishery surveys now performed by expensive manned ships.
Nora Cohen from NOAA said，“The 23 foot long seagoing robots can follow a remotely programmed course for up to a year at a time.And they don't require any fuel.We use wind and solar power to drive the sensors.”He added，“It means that we're able to go to places where we don't really want to send people，and go into weather that we really don't want anyone ever to be in, and be able to send measurements back.”
The primary mission is to investigate the species and the number of fish in existence and the places where they are.Larry Hufnagle, scientist of NOAA Fisheries in Seattle, said a traditional big NOAA research ship based survey costs around $ 25，000 per day.By comparison, one Saildrone costs $ 2，500 per day.
“It could be a significant saving，” Hufnagle said.“But like anything else, there is a trade off in what you get and what you don't get.On the manned ship, we have limited time.It takes a lot of people.We spend a fair amount of money.But there is one thing the Saildrone can't do that humans can：cast a net to catch and positively identify the fish detected below.The Saildrones are going to give us additional data, not replacement data.”
Nora Cohen said Saildrone, a venture capital backed company based in Alameda, California, expects to launch a total of 11 of its seagoing robots to survey different waterbodies for NOAA this year.The Bering and Arctic seas, Coastal California and the Gulf of Mexico will be the locations of additional missions.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了海洋无人机的相关情况。
4．What is the purpose of collecting fish data
A．To explore the ocean.
B．To assist fishing industry.
C．To learn the habits of fish.
D．To improve fishing skills.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Saildrone operators will collect data to help set future fishing seasons.”可知，海洋无人机操作员收集数据的目的是协助渔业。故选B。
5．What is mainly discussed about the Saildrone in paragraph 3
A．Its advantages. B．Its appearance.
C．Its power systems. D．Its primary mission.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的内容可知，本段主要介绍了海洋无人机遵循远程编程航线的时间长，不需要任何燃料，能进入不想让人进入的地方，能处于不想让人处于的天气中，且能发回测量的结果，以上这些都是它的优势，故选A。
6．What does the underlined word “trade off” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Debate. B．Reason.
C．Reality. D．Balance.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的内容可知，海洋无人机可以省一大笔开销，但是也有我们人类可以做到而海洋无人机无法做到的事情，即它有利有弊，我们要权衡得失，故D项的意义与画线词意义最接近。
7．What can be inferred from the text
A．The Saildrone has a promising future.
B．Hufnagle thinks little of the Saildrone.
C．Manned ships will be completely replaced.
D．Production of seagoing robots is restricted.
A 解析：推理判断题。综合全文可知，海洋无人机具有使用成本低、遵循远程编程航线的时间长、不需要任何燃料、能进入不想让人进入的地方且能发回测量的结果等优点，能够帮助确定未来的捕鱼季节及进行渔业调查；且在最后一段谈到海洋无人机公司今年预计总共推出11款远洋航行机器人，为美国国家海洋和大气管理局调查不同的水体。由此可推知，海洋无人机有好的前景。故选A。
C
(2021·山东烟台适应性训练)On February 6th, 2020, American astronaut Christina Koch arrived back on Earth after 328 days in space. Her time in space is just one of the records set by herself. That's the longest spaceflight ever made by a woman, and just one of the many things Ms. Koch achieved in space.
Ms. Koch took off from Earth for the International Space Station(ISS) on March 12th, 2019.While in space, she made 5，248 trips around the Earth, travelling 2，237 million kilometers, which is roughly the same as 291 trips to the Moon and back. During her 11 months on the ISS, Ms. Koch took part in six spacewalks, spending over 42 hours in all outside the station. In October of 2019, Ms. Koch led the first ever all female spacewalk with Jessica Meir.
But for most astronauts, space travel isn't about setting records. It's about doing science. Ms. Koch took part in a wide variety of special experiments, including studying how crystals (晶体) grow in space, how atoms (原子) behave in extreme cold and learning more about growing plants in low gravity. Growing plants in space could be an important way to provide food on future trips. She also tested a new way of separating liquids from gases. This experiment could lead to simple methods of cleaning water and air in space, which could be very important for future space travel.
Ms. Koch isn't just a scientist and an astronaut. She is also being studied. She's part of a NASA program studying how astronauts are affected by being in space for long periods of time. Her trip was only 12 days shorter than the American record set by Scott Kelly in 2016. As they did with Mr. Kelly, NASA scientists are looking carefully at ways Ms. Koch's body has been affected by her time in space. That research is important for the longer space trips NASA hopes to make in the future, such as for a base on the moon or a trip to Mars.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了美国宇航员科赫女士做了创纪录的太空飞行之后返回了地球，以及她为太空飞行所做出的巨大贡献。
8．Which of the following is an achievement Ms. Koch has made
A．Making the longest spaceflight by herself.
B．Leading the first women only spacewalk.
C．Cleaning water and air successfully in space.
D．Staying outside the ISS continuously for 42 hours.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In October of 2019, Ms. Koch led the first ever all female spacewalk with Jessica Meir.(在2019年10月， 科赫女士与杰西卡·梅尔一起开启了第一次只有女性的太空旅行。)”可知，科赫女士开启了第一次只有女性的太空旅行。故选B。
9．What does the author want to tell us with so many detailed figures in paragraph 2
A．Koch made historic breakthroughs in space.
B．Koch went through a life threatening space trip.
C．Koch completed admirable tasks in the space travel.
D．Koch is the most experienced astronaut in NASA．
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“That's the longest spaceflight ever made by a woman, and just one of the many things Ms. Koch achieved in space.”可知，这是有史以来女性进行的最长时间的太空旅行，这只是科赫女士在太空中完成的任务之一。然后在接下来的第二段就用大量的数字列举了她在太空旅行中完成了很多令人敬佩的任务。故选C。
10．Which statement agrees with the text
A．Astronauts are competing to set new records.
B．Koch's team produced their own food in space.
C．NASA has founded a scientific base on the moon.
D．Koch's research is significant for space exploration.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This experiment could lead to simple methods of cleaning water and air in space, which could be very important for future space travel.”可知，科赫女士的实验可以形成一种简单的清洗太空中的水和空气的方法。所以，她的研究对于未来的空间探索具有重要意义。故选D。
11．What can be the best title for the text
A．Record Setting Astronaut Koch Returns to Earth
B．US Astronauts Carried out Experiments in Space
C．Spacewalks Have Successfully Been Done on the ISS
D．NASA is Studying Astronauts for Longer Space Trips
A 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了美国宇航员科赫女士做了创纪录的太空飞行之后返回了地球，以及她为太空飞行所做出的巨大贡献。所以A项最适合作文章标题。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship.1.________Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.
·2.________Sure, you and your friends probably have some similar interests, but that's not always the case.In an effort to keep everyone happy, go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time.Have each person categorize activities or sights into “must see”“want to see” and “would go if we have time”．Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.
·Communicate and respect each other.Everyone has personal preference when travelling — from getting the bed closest to the bathroom to sitting in the airplane's window seat.But sometimes things don't go as you like.In this case, share your requirements directly with your travelling companions.3.________Have a conversation when problems arise, for communication is the key.
·Don't disappear.When travelling with a group—or even just one other person—you may want to be alone sometime.That's completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.4.________
·Get off your phone.Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone.5.________After all, the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends.Just enjoy it!
A．Give each other some space.
B．Include at least one activity for everyone.
C．And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.
D．At the same time, listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.
E．Don't respond to non urgent work contact or send messages frequently.
F．It's especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.
G．So it's important to make sure you and your friends are on the same page.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和朋友出行时保持良好关系的技巧——至少为每个人都包含一项活动、沟通与尊重对方、不要玩消失和放下手机。
1．G 解析：考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到和朋友出行可能会是一次极其令人惊喜的经历，也可能终结你们的友谊，空后一句表述这里有一些出行时和朋友保持良好关系的窍门，因此空处应表述出行时保持步调一致很重要，因此G项符合语境。
2．B 解析：考查段落主旨句。结合本段中的“Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.”可知，本段主要讲的是旅行计划中要包含一些每个人自己的首选旅游胜地，所以B项适合作本段的主旨句。
3．D 解析：考查上下文衔接。根据本段的主旨句可知，本段主要讲的是沟通与尊重对方。根据空前一句中的“share your requirements directly with your travelling companions”和语境可知，D项与此处匹配。这里表示与旅伴直接诉说要求的同时也要聆听他们的忧虑之处，尊重他们。
4．F 解析：考查上下文衔接。结合本段的主旨句可知，本段主要讲的是不要玩消失。结合空前一句中的“make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you”和常识可知，F项符合语境。此处表述在外国和陌生的地方尤其要确保朋友知道你在哪里并能联系上你。
5．E 解析：考查上下文衔接。本段主要讲的是放下手机。结合空前一句中的“but other than that，try to stay off your phone”和空后一句可知，E项符合语境。此处讲的是不要回复不紧急的工作联系或者频繁地发信息，尽可能远离手机，毕竟这种旅行的吸引点就是和朋友们在一起。UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
A卷——小题夯基练
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Being able to wait and let go of the ( ) (渴望) to control each situation is a major key to overcoming anxiety.
2．As young people were the forefront of animal protection efforts, an international nonprofit organization ( ) (发起) a youth section last year to meet the demands.
3．Many university students started making environment friendly changes both in school and ( )(在……之外) campus.
4．A newly designed flying( ) (车辆) can drive like a normal car along the road, but at the flip of a switch, wings will come out of the car and it will take flight.
5．Between 27 March and 11 April, the cherry trees are expected to bloom, which is a ( )(信号) of the coming of spring.
6．My mother puts hope on me. Sometimes though she doesn't say it, I can sense her ( )(失望) if failure comes over and over again.
Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food that i( )(provide) by Mom with appreciation.
2．(2020·天津卷7月)Well, it functions by ( ) (analyse) the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)If you are planning to do exercise ( )(regular), or you're doing it now, then listen up!
4．(天津卷)One day，( )(mental) exhausted，I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.
5．Due to hesitation and ( ) (limit) knowledge about the loan，many newly enrolling students missed the opportunity to apply.
6．By now, Chang'e 5, the heaviest and largest spacecraft in the nation's lunar probe fleet, ( )(launch) to collect moon samples in a landmark mission.
7．So many people around the world are learning or using English, so it is considered as a ( )(universe) language.
8．Students often find that the demands of good ( ) (argue) help them to speak more fluently and to gain in self confidence.
Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词)
1．As ( ) result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers.
2．That smell is one of them, as the grass responds to an attack, signaling ( ) the surrounding grass that danger is coming.
3．Running out ( ) money resulted in the immediate death of the startup.
4．Can you imagine someone wearing a pair of huge glasses attached ( ) a computer with a thick cable
5．The idea is to figure ( ) for each incident who was involved, where it happened and when it might go down.
Ⅳ.选词填空
carry on, on board, in the hope of, so as to, figure out, result in, run out
1．We went ( ) and saw people packed shoulder to shoulder on the ship decks.
2．He devoted all of his time and energy to study ( ) being admitted to his dream university.
3．One should learn from past mistakes ( ) avoid falling into the same trap again.
4．Chinese researchers successfully ( ) the genetic structure of the novel coronavirus (新型冠状病毒) in January, 2020.
5．Looking back, it was my childhood love of fantasy cartoons that ( ) a broader interest in science.
Ⅴ.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．尽管筋疲力尽了，他仍然挣扎着站起来，找到一个洞穴保护自己远离危险。(状语从句的省略)
( ), he still ( ) and found a cave ( ).
2．Members work hard so that they can support each other and not let the team down.
→Members work hard ( )．(用so as to改写)
3．大自然为我们的祖国提供了丰富的自然宝藏，使之成为我们幸福的家园。
①Nature has provided our country with wealthy natural treasures and ( ). (并列句)
②Nature has provided our country with wealthy natural treasures, ( ). (v. ing形式作状语)
③Nature has provided our country with wealthy natural treasures,( ). (定语从句)
4．人类正在探索太空，希望对宇宙有更多的了解。
①Mankind is exploring space ( )．(in the hope of doing sth.)
②Mankind is exploring space, ( ). (v. ing作状语)
B卷——大题提能练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·惠州高三第一次调研)China's domestically developed Beidou Navigation Satellite System has been widely used in many public sectors and business fields at home and abroad.
Beidou has been used in dozens of business and public sector fields in China, including transportation, electric power transmission, fisheries, mining and agriculture.Tens of millions of Beidou based terminal(终端) devices have been sold and are in use.By the end of 2019, more than 100 million Beidou based navigation chips, modules and other products had been sold.The system had by then been fixed in nearly 6.6 million taxis, buses and trucks around China as well as more than 70，000 fishing ships across the country.Beidou enabled functions are also used in at least 50，000 agricultural machines and have improved their operational efficiency.More than 70 percent of mobile phones registered in China are capable of utilizing Beidou signals.In the public security field, more than 400，000 portable terminals used by the police across the country have Beidou enabled positioning functions.Beidou has also played important roles in security work for high level events.
Globally, by the end of 2019, Chinese products based on Beidou had been sold to more than 120 foreign countries and regions, playing a helpful role in a number of public sector fields.For instance, Beidou has helped Russia improve its electric grid inspections(电网检测), made operations more convenient for unmanned aircraft users in Cambodia, and promoted management efficiency of many warehouses in Thailand.
1．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “utilizing” in paragraph 2
A．Transforming. B．Using.
C．Passing. D．Strengthening.
2．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Beidou Navigation Satellite System's navigation is accessible.
B．Beidou Navigation Satellite System's positioning services vary in quality.
C．Beidou Navigation Satellite System's applications spread around the globe.
D．Beidou Navigation Satellite System's operational efficiency improves rapidly.
3．In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear
A．Technology. B．Education.
C．Travel. D．Society.
B
(2021·济南高三针对练习)They're orange, they're robots and they're capable of sailing the high seas without human intervention.
On Tuesday the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) launched a pair of Saildrones (海洋无人机) in Pacific Northwest waters for the first time.Their summer long sailing journey will stretch from Vancouver Island to California.The Saildrone operators will collect data to help set future fishing seasons.The government wants to see whether seagoing robots can extend fishery surveys now performed by expensive manned ships.
Nora Cohen from NOAA said，“The 23 foot long seagoing robots can follow a remotely programmed course for up to a year at a time.And they don't require any fuel.We use wind and solar power to drive the sensors.”He added，“It means that we're able to go to places where we don't really want to send people，and go into weather that we really don't want anyone ever to be in, and be able to send measurements back.”
The primary mission is to investigate the species and the number of fish in existence and the places where they are.Larry Hufnagle, scientist of NOAA Fisheries in Seattle, said a traditional big NOAA research ship based survey costs around $ 25，000 per day.By comparison, one Saildrone costs $ 2，500 per day.
“It could be a significant saving，” Hufnagle said.“But like anything else, there is a trade off in what you get and what you don't get.On the manned ship, we have limited time.It takes a lot of people.We spend a fair amount of money.But there is one thing the Saildrone can't do that humans can：cast a net to catch and positively identify the fish detected below.The Saildrones are going to give us additional data, not replacement data.”
Nora Cohen said Saildrone, a venture capital backed company based in Alameda, California, expects to launch a total of 11 of its seagoing robots to survey different waterbodies for NOAA this year.The Bering and Arctic seas, Coastal California and the Gulf of Mexico will be the locations of additional missions.
4．What is the purpose of collecting fish data
A．To explore the ocean.
B．To assist fishing industry.
C．To learn the habits of fish.
D．To improve fishing skills.
5．What is mainly discussed about the Saildrone in paragraph 3
A．Its advantages. B．Its appearance.
C．Its power systems. D．Its primary mission.
6．What does the underlined word “trade off” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Debate. B．Reason.
C．Reality. D．Balance.
7．What can be inferred from the text
A．The Saildrone has a promising future.
B．Hufnagle thinks little of the Saildrone.
C．Manned ships will be completely replaced.
D．Production of seagoing robots is restricted.
C
(2021·山东烟台适应性训练)On February 6th, 2020, American astronaut Christina Koch arrived back on Earth after 328 days in space. Her time in space is just one of the records set by herself. That's the longest spaceflight ever made by a woman, and just one of the many things Ms. Koch achieved in space.
Ms. Koch took off from Earth for the International Space Station(ISS) on March 12th, 2019.While in space, she made 5，248 trips around the Earth, travelling 2，237 million kilometers, which is roughly the same as 291 trips to the Moon and back. During her 11 months on the ISS, Ms. Koch took part in six spacewalks, spending over 42 hours in all outside the station. In October of 2019, Ms. Koch led the first ever all female spacewalk with Jessica Meir.
But for most astronauts, space travel isn't about setting records. It's about doing science. Ms. Koch took part in a wide variety of special experiments, including studying how crystals (晶体) grow in space, how atoms (原子) behave in extreme cold and learning more about growing plants in low gravity. Growing plants in space could be an important way to provide food on future trips. She also tested a new way of separating liquids from gases. This experiment could lead to simple methods of cleaning water and air in space, which could be very important for future space travel.
Ms. Koch isn't just a scientist and an astronaut. She is also being studied. She's part of a NASA program studying how astronauts are affected by being in space for long periods of time. Her trip was only 12 days shorter than the American record set by Scott Kelly in 2016. As they did with Mr. Kelly, NASA scientists are looking carefully at ways Ms. Koch's body has been affected by her time in space. That research is important for the longer space trips NASA hopes to make in the future, such as for a base on the moon or a trip to Mars.
8．Which of the following is an achievement Ms. Koch has made
A．Making the longest spaceflight by herself.
B．Leading the first women only spacewalk.
C．Cleaning water and air successfully in space.
D．Staying outside the ISS continuously for 42 hours.
9．What does the author want to tell us with so many detailed figures in paragraph 2
A．Koch made historic breakthroughs in space.
B．Koch went through a life threatening space trip.
C．Koch completed admirable tasks in the space travel.
D．Koch is the most experienced astronaut in NASA．
10．Which statement agrees with the text
A．Astronauts are competing to set new records.
B．Koch's team produced their own food in space.
C．NASA has founded a scientific base on the moon.
D．Koch's research is significant for space exploration.
11．What can be the best title for the text
A．Record Setting Astronaut Koch Returns to Earth
B．US Astronauts Carried out Experiments in Space
C．Spacewalks Have Successfully Been Done on the ISS
D．NASA is Studying Astronauts for Longer Space Trips
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship.1.________Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.
·2.________Sure, you and your friends probably have some similar interests, but that's not always the case.In an effort to keep everyone happy, go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time.Have each person categorize activities or sights into “must see”“want to see” and “would go if we have time”．Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.
·Communicate and respect each other.Everyone has personal preference when travelling — from getting the bed closest to the bathroom to sitting in the airplane's window seat.But sometimes things don't go as you like.In this case, share your requirements directly with your travelling companions.3.________Have a conversation when problems arise, for communication is the key.
·Don't disappear.When travelling with a group—or even just one other person—you may want to be alone sometime.That's completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.4.________
·Get off your phone.Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone.5.________After all, the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends.Just enjoy it!
A．Give each other some space.
B．Include at least one activity for everyone.
C．And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.
D．At the same time, listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.
E．Don't respond to non urgent work contact or send messages frequently.
F．It's especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.
G．So it's important to make sure you and your friends are on the same page.
