中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2022年中考英语重难点训练02——名词(1)
(建议用时：30分钟)
中考真题
考向1 同类名词辨析
( )1. (2021江西) Your leg looks really bad! I think you should send for a
about that.
A. pilot B.doctor C.singer D.postman
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的腿看起来很糟糕。我想你应该去请位 来。
pilot飞行员; doctor医生;singer歌手; postman邮递员 “Your leg looks really bad!”可知是伤了腿，此处应是请医生。选B。
( )2. (2021云南省卷)Hi, Mom is a moving film. It has been on for several months in the .
A.museum B.bank C.library D.cinema
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：《你好，李焕英》是一部感人的电影。它已经在 上映几个月了。museum 博物馆; bank 银行; library 图书馆;cinema电影院。根据film可知电影应在电影院上映。故选D。
( )3.(2021温州)Mike, a 7-year-old boy, has a great talent for . He can draw nice pictures though he has never learned it.
A.art B.sport C.music D.science
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迈克，一个七岁的男生，在 上很有天赋。尽管他从来没学过绘画，但却能画出漂亮的画。art美术; sport运动; music音乐;science科学。根据后句中 “draw nice pictures”可知此处表示他有绘画天赋。故选A。
( )4.(2021黄冈)-What are you doing to celebrate the 100th birthday of the CPC(中国共产党)these days
-We're learning to sing the My motherland and me.
A.song B.music C.movie D.lesson
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“这些天你们在做什么来庆祝中国共产党100岁的生日？”“我们在学习唱《我和我的祖国》这首 。”song歌; music 音乐; movie电影lesson 课。根据”sing” 以及 “My motherland and me”可知，应该是唱歌。故选A。
( )5.(2021宿迁)Mr. Huang was born in Nanjing, but Suqian has become his second .
A.family B.house C. village D. hometown
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:黄先生出生于南京，但宿迁成为了他的第二个 。family家;house房子; village村庄; hometown家乡。根据 “Mr. Huang was born in Nanjing” 可知此处表示第二个家乡。故选D。
( )6.( 2021柳州)-Mum, what's this
-It's an .
A. orange B. banana C.pear
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“妈妈，这是什么？”“这是一个 。"orange橘子; banana 香蕉; pear梨子。根据空前的冠词an可推断后面接的名词是以元音音素开头的。故选A。
( )7. ( 2021玉林)-Sam, you forgot to send me your photos last night.
-Sorry, my didn't work. I couldn't get online.
A.radio B.MP3 C.computer D.music player
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“山姆，你昨晚忘了把你的照片发给我了。”“对不起，我的 坏了。我无法上网。”radio收音机; MP3音乐播放器;computer电脑;music player音乐播放器。根据 “I couldn’t get online.”可知此处指的是电脑。故选C.
( )8. (2021桂林)I’d like to drink some .
A.bananas B.water C.chicken
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想要喝些 。bananas香蕉; water 水; chicken鸡肉。由题干中的drink，可知此处是喝水。故选B。
( )9.(2021乐山)-Hello! May I speak to Tony,please
-Sorry, I'm afraid you have the wrong .
A.telephone B.name C.number
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“你好，我能和托尼讲话吗？”“不好意思，你可能打错 了。”telephone电话；name名字;number号码。根据答语可知是对方打错电话了，即电话号码错了。故选C。
( )10.(2021梧州)-Susan, would you like something to eat
-Yes, please.
A. some milk B. some tea C. some coffee D. some bread
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“苏珊，你想要一些吃的东西吗？”“好的。请来 吧。some milk一些牛奶;some tea一些茶; some coffee 一些咖啡; some bread一些面包。题干中第一句问道是否想要一些吃的东西，分析选项可知milk，tea,coffee都属于喝的东西，应排除。故选D。
考向2 抽象名词辨析
( )11.(2021 山西)Jenny, I can't solve the problems by myself. What should I do
-Maybe working in groups is a good .
A.method B. survey C.report
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“珍妮，我一个人解决不了这些问题。我该怎么办？”“也许小组合作是一种好 。”method 方法;survey调查 ; report报告。根据“working in groups”可知，这是一种解决问题的好方法。故选A。
( )12.(2021天津)His beautiful music has brought to people all over the world.
A.difficulty B.pleasure C.weather D.danger
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他优美的音乐带给了世界各地的人们 。
difficulty困难;pleasure快乐;weather 天气;danger危险。根据题干中的music可知，此处指的是带给人们快乐。故选B。
( )13.(2021福建)-Could you tell me the of the sweater
-Yes. It's 125.
A.color B.price C.shape
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“你可以告诉我这件毛衣的 吗？” “它125元。”color颜色；price价格;shape形状。根据答语中＂It’s 125.”可知，此处应是询问价格。故选B。
( )14.(2021武汉)The idiom (成语) “Mengzi's mother makes three moves” tells of a mother who did all she could to provide the best for her child.
A.experience B.instruction C.environment D.information
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辦析。句意：成语“孟母三迁”讲述了一位母亲为了给孩子提供最好的 而竭尽全力的故事。experience经验; instruction指令；environment 环境; information信息.根据句意及成语知识可知，此处指的是环境。故选C。
( )15.(2021菏泽)-China's high-speed railway is leading the world.
-That's right. It is moving further into the world.
A.technology B. environment C.population
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“中国的高铁 目前引领世界。”“是的。它正进一步走向世界。”technology 技术;environment 环境; population人口。根据句意可知，此处表示中国的高铁技术。故选A。
( )16.( 2021盐城)Yuan Longping and his team have solved the problem of
for many people.
A.hunger B.health C. pollution D. population
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平和他的团队为许多人解决了 。hunger饥饿; health健康;pollution污染; population人口。根据句意和常识可知，慈雏表示解决了饥饿问题。故选A。
( )17. (2021达州) If you want to be a doctor like Zhong Nanshan, hard work is the key to .
A.treasure B.beauty C.success D. health
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你想成为一名像钟南山那样的医生，努力工作是 的关键。treasure财富;beauty美丽; success 成功; health健康。根据常识可知钟南山是一名非常成功的医生，所以此处是指努力工作是取得成功的关键。故选C。
( )18.(2021滨州)On February 25, President Xi Jinping announced that China has made a "complete " in its fight against poverty(贫困).
A.victory B.progress C.difference C.improvement
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在2月25日，习近平主席宣布中国的脱贫战役已经取得完全的 。victory胜利;progress进步; difference 差异; improvement提高.根据常识及空前的 complete可推知此处指中国的脱贫战役已经取得完全的胜利。故选A。
( )19.(2021锦州)-What can you give me on my future study
-Believe in yourself. You can do it.
A.news B.advice C. attention D.information
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“关于我未来的学习你能给我什么 ”“相信你自己。你可以做到的。”news 新闻;advice 建议; attention注意; information信息。 根据答语“Believe in yourself. You can do it.”可知此处应是征询对方关于未来学习的建议。故选B。
( )20.(2021东营)-I'm sad to hear that Yuan Longping passed away.
-So am I. We lost a hero. His on hybrid(杂交) rice helped Chinese people solve the problem of eating.
A. surveys B. reports C.researches D.achievements
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“听说袁隆平去世的消息，我很悲伤。”“我也是。我们痛失了一位英雄。他在杂交水稻上的 帮助中国人解决了吃饭问题。”
surveys 调查; reports 报道; researches 研究; achievements成就。根据句意可知，此处表示袁隆平在杂交水稻方面所取得的成就。故选D。
( )21.(2021铁岭、葫芦岛)The of this game is to let students know the importance of pulling together.
A.prize B.progress C.practice D. purpose
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个游戏的 是让学生们知道团结协作的重要性。prize奖品；progress进步; practice 实践; purpose目的。根据句意可知此处指的是游戏的目的。故选D。
( )22.(2021抚顺) can make people happy and want to make greater progress.
A.Fear B.Praise C.Doubt D.Regret
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 可以让人们快乐，并想要取得更大的进步。Fear恐惧;Praise表扬；Doubt 怀疑; Regret遗憾。根据生活常识可知表扬能让人快乐。故选B。
( )23.( 2021襄阳)China is making to help more developing countries fight against COVID-19.
a decision B.a mess C.an effort D.a mistake
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意中国正在 帮助更多发展中的国家抗疫。
(make)a decision做决定;(make)a mess 搞得一团糟; ( make ) an effort努力；( make) a mistake犯错。根据句意可知此处指的是努力帮助更多发展中国家抗疫。故选C。
( )24.(2021 凉山州)What is the of your beautiful English handwriting
-Practice makes perfect!
A.influence B.choice C. purpose
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“你的英语书写这么漂亮的 是什么？”熟能生巧！”secret秘诀；influence 影响; choice 选择; purpose目的。根据句意可知此处指“字写得这么漂亮的秘诀”。故选A。
( )25.(2020青海省卷)-Why do so many Canadian companies want him to work for them
-He can speak both English and French. It's certainly his .
decision B. condition C. advantage D.secret
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“为什么那么多加拿大公司希望他为他们工作呢？”“他既会说英语又会说法语。这肯定是他的 。”decision 决定; condition状况；advantage优势。根据答语“He can speak both English and French.”可知这是他的优势。故选C。
模拟预测
( )26.(原创 热点)On October 16, 2021, three entered space on Shenzhou XIII.
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年10月16日，三名 乘坐神十三进入太空。policemen警察；businessmen商人；astronauts宇航员；scientists科学家。根据常识和句意可知三名宇航员进入太空。故选C。
( )27.-In China, we use red paper for hongbao because red means good luck.
-That's interesting! I want to know all the Chinese .
A.traditions B. sentences C.notices D.problems
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在中国，我们用红纸做红包因为红色意味着好运。”“真有趣。我想知道所有的中国 。”traditions传统；sentences句子； notices通知；problems问题。根据句意可知此处指的是中国的传统。故选A。
( )28.-Have you ever heard"A thousand mile journey begins with the first ”
-Yes. It's a famous Chinese saying by Laozi.
A.class B. step C. break D. exam
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你听说过‘千里之行，始于足下’吗”“是的。他是老子说的一个著名的中国谚语。”class 班级；step步；步骤 break休息；exam考试。根据句意可知此处指的是第一步。故选B。
( )29. The article gives students some about how to stay safe online.
A.suggestions B. activities C.decisions D.advantages
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这篇文章给同学们提出一些关于在网上如何保证安全的 。”suggestions建议；activities活动；decisions决定；advantages优势。根据句意可知此处指的是一些关于在网上如何保证安全的建议。故选A。( )30.-Keep quiet! I need complete when I'm working.
-Sorry, Dad. I won't make any noise again.
A.trust B. silence C. control D. strength
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“安静！当我工作时我需要完全 。”trust信任；silence沉默；安静；control控制；strength力量。根据题干中的“Keep quiet”可知此处指的是工作时需要完全安静的环境。故选B。
( )31.-How did you put together the model plane so perfectly
-It's easy. I just followed the .
A.instructions B.instruments C.interviews D. inventions
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你怎样完美地把这架飞机模型组合在一起的？”“很简单。我只是按照 。”instructions说明；instruments仪器；interviews采访；inventions发明。根据句意可知此处指的是按照说明书做的。故选A。
32.Thomas Edison made more than one thousand (invent) in his life.
【答案】inventions
【解析】考查名词的用法。句意：“爱迪生一生中做出了一千多种 。”根据句意可知此处需要名词形式，且空前有more than one thousand修饰，要用名词复数形式。故填inventions。
33.The twin boys are not only of the same (high), but also of the same weight.
【答案】height
【解析】考查名词的用法。句意：这对双胞胎男孩不仅 相同，而且体重相同。”根据句意可知此处需要名词形式。high是形容词，意为高的，名词形式为height，意为身高。故填height。
34.With the help of the teacher, there has been a great (improve) in her spoken English.
【答案】improvement
【解析】考查名词的用法。句意：在老师的帮助下，她的英语口语有了很大的 。根据句意可知此处需要名词形式，improve是动词，意为提高，名词形式为improvement。故填inventions。
35.Students should pay attention to their (pronounce) when they speak English.
【答案】pronunciation
【解析】考查名词的用法。句意：学生在说英语时应该注意他们的 。根据句意可知此处需要名词形式，pronounce是动词，意为发……音，名词形式为pronunciation。故填pronunciation。
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2022年中考英语重难点训练02——名词(1)
(建议用时：30分钟)
中考真题
考向1 同类名词辨析
( )1. (2021江西) Your leg looks really bad! I think you should send for a
about that.
A. pilot B.doctor C.singer D.postman
( )2. (2021云南省卷)Hi, Mom is a moving film. It has been on for several months in the .
A.museum B.bank C.library D.cinema
( )3.(2021温州)Mike, a 7-year-old boy, has a great talent for . He can draw nice pictures though he has never learned it.
A.art B.sport C.music D.science
( )4.(2021黄冈)-What are you doing to celebrate the 100th birthday of the CPC(中国共产党)these days
-We're learning to sing the My motherland and me.
A.song B.music C.movie D.lesson
( )5.(2021宿迁)Mr. Huang was born in Nanjing, but Suqian has become his second .
A.family B.house C. village D. hometown
( )6.( 2021柳州)-Mum, what's this
-It's an .
A. Orange B. banana C.pear
( )7. ( 2021玉林)-Sam, you forgot to send me your photos last night.
-Sorry, my didn't work. I couldn't get online.
A.radio B.MP3 C.computer D.music player
( )8. (2021桂林)I’d like to drink some .
A.bananas B.water C.chicken
( )9.(2021乐山)-Hello! May I speak to Tony,please
-Sorry, I'm afraid you have the wrong .
A.telephone B.name C.number
( )10.(2021梧州)-Susan, would you like something to eat
-Yes, please.
A. some milk B. some tea C. some coffee D. some bread
考向2 抽象名词辨析
( )11.(2021 山西)Jenny, I can't solve the problems by myself. What should I do
-Maybe working in groups is a good .
A.method B. survey C.report
( )12.(2021天津)His beautiful music has brought to people all over the world.
A.difficulty B.pleasure C.weather D.danger
( )13.(2021福建)-Could you tell me the of the sweater
-Yes. It's 125.
A.color B.price C.shape
( )14.(2021武汉)The idiom (成语) “Mengzi's mother makes three moves” tells of a mother who did all she could to provide the best for her child.
A.experience B.instruction C.environment D.information
( )15.(2021菏泽)-China's high-speed railway is leading the world.
-That's right. It is moving further into the world.
A.technology B. environment C.population
( )16.( 2021盐城)Yuan Longping and his team have solved the problem of for many people.
A.hunger B.health C. pollution D. population
( )17. (2021达州) If you want to be a doctor like Zhong Nanshan, hard work is the key to .
A.treasure B.beauty C.success D. health
( )18.(2021滨州)On February 25, President Xi Jinping announced that China has made a "complete " in its fight against poverty(贫困).
A.victory B.progress C.difference C.improvement
( )19.(2021锦州)-What can you give me on my future study
-Believe in yourself. You can do it.
A.news B.advice C. attention D.information
( )20.(2021东营)-I'm sad to hear that Yuan Longping passed away.
-So am I. We lost a hero. His on hybrid(杂交) rice helped Chinese people solve the problem of eating.
A. surveys B. reports C.researches D.achievements
( )21.(2021铁岭、葫芦岛)The of this game is to let students know the importance of pulling together.
A.prize B.progress C.practice D. purpose
( )22.(2021抚顺) can make people happy and want to make greater progress.
A.Fear B.Praise C.Doubt D.Regret
( )23.( 2021襄阳)China is making to help more developing countries fight against COVID-19.
a decision B.a mess C.an effort D.a mistake
( )24.(2021 凉山州)What is the of your beautiful English handwriting
-Practice makes perfect!
A.influence B.choice C. purpose
( )25.(2020青海省卷)-Why do so many Canadian companies want him to work for them
-He can speak both English and French. It's certainly his .
decision B. condition C. advantage D.secret
模拟预测
( )26.(原创 热点)On October 16, 2021, three entered space on Shenzhou XIII.
policemen B.businessmen C.astronauts D.scientists
( )27.-In China, we use red paper for hongbao because red means good luck.
-That's interesting! I want to know all the Chinese .
A.traditions B. sentences C.notices D.problems
( )28.-Have you ever heard"A thousand mile journey begins with the first ”
-Yes. It's a famous Chinese saying by Laozi.
A.class B. step C. break D. exam
( )29. The article gives students some about how to stay safe online.
A.suggestions B. activities C.decisions D.advantages
( )30.-Keep quiet! I need complete when I'm working.
-Sorry, Dad. I won't make any noise again.
A.trust B. silence C. control D. strength
( )31.-How did you put together the model plane so perfectly
-It's easy. I just followed the .
A.instructions B.instruments C.interviews D. inventions
32.Thomas Edison made more than one thousand (invent) in his life.
33.The twin boys are not only of the same (high), but also of the same weight.
34.With the help of the teacher, there has been a great (improve) in her spoken English.
35.Students should pay attention to their (pronounce) when they speak English.
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