Unit 5 A delicate world
课后培优——微积累战高考，训练提分点
拟人修辞法
拟人也是一种比喻，就是把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，赋予无生命之物以感情和动作或是把动物人格化，使语言生动、形象、更有感染力。
一、好句欣赏
1．The stars danced playfully in the moonlit sky.
星星在月色皎洁的天空中欢快地跳舞。
2．My alarm clock yells at me every morning.
我的闹钟每天早上对我大喊大叫。
3．The wildfire ran through the forest at an amazing speeD．
野火以惊人的速度穿过森林。
4．My stomach was punishing me for not eating on time.
我的胃因我没有按时吃饭而在惩罚我。
5．His car suffered a severe stroke in the middle of the road, and refused to move forwarD．
他的车在路中间遭到严重的一撞，不愿再向前开了。
6．Seeing such extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up.
看到如此非凡的美，我想我身体里的每个细胞都醒了。
二、小试牛刀
1．She did not realize that opportunity was_knocking_at_her_door．
她没有意识到机会正在敲她的门。
2．Slowly, the city began_to_breathe_again．
慢慢地，这座城市又开始呼吸了(开始出现了生机)。
3．Time_flew and before we knew it, it was time for me to go home.
时间飞逝，不知不觉中，我就该回家了。
4．The flowers were blooming, and the bees kissed_them_now_and_then．
花儿正在盛开，蜜蜂不时地亲吻它们。
5．New York is the city that never_sleeps．
纽约是一个不夜城。
6．I could hear Hawaii calling_my_name．
我能听到夏威夷在呼唤我的名字。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇类型 记叙文
主题语境 人与自我——个人经历——作者在沙尘暴中勇敢地救出了父亲
(2021·沈阳市高三质量监测) Mama and I spend mornings cleaning up the dirt that blows into our house.Mama says all the dust is due to the drought.The dirt covers everything.It covers our clothes.We have to wash the dishes before each meal.We rarely drive the truck because Papa fears the dust from the road will ruin the motor.
When my sister，Faye，and I walk to school we wear kerchiefs over our mouths so we don't breathe in the dirt.On days when the air is so bad that they close the school，we stay at home and help Mama put wet sheets over the windows.But the dirt always finds a way in.
Last Sunday，there was no dirt in the air，only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky.After lunch，Papa headed out to the field to check on the cattle while I played with Faye in the yarD．The temperature suddenly droppeD．I looked to the west and saw a huge black cloud of dust.All the birds flew away.“I must warn Papa，”I thought to myself.To avoid her panicking，I gently told Faye to go back inside where she would be safe，and then headed off to the fielD．
The storm hit so fast，and in an instant the day turned into night.By the time I entered the cow field the fine sand was whipping across my face.I screamed for Papa，hoping my voice would lead him back.
The dirt and sand stung my skin like a thousand bees.Although I was terrified，I refused to turn back.My dad was stranded and needed my help.Covering my face with one hand，I groped my way toward the truck and opened the door.First I tried turning the truck's lights on and off，hoping that Papa would see them flashing，but the sandstorm let no light escape.Then I pushed the horn again and again，so Papa would hear it.I pushed until I had no more strength in my arms.
Suddenly，Papa's face appeared at the window.My heart leaped with surprise and relief.He opened the door and climbed onto the seat next to me.He then pulled me into his arms and said，“Oh，Iris，you saved me！”
Finally，the wind subsided and the dust began to settle.Dirt was piled up to the window on one side of the truck and halfway up the door on the other.Papa kicked the door，opening it far enough to let us out.
Sand and soil drifts were everywhere，but we were safe.
1．What is the main function of the first two paragraphs
A．It describes a problem the characters must solve.
B．It establishes the setting where the story takes place.
C．It introduces the characters that are related to the story.
D．It explains the motivations for the characters' later actions.
2．Why did Papa go to the field that Sunday
A．He was trying to get to his truck.
B．He needed to prepare the field for harvest.
C．He wanted to make sure the cattle were fine.
D．He planned to bring the cattle in before the storm.
3．How did Iris save her father
A．By warning him to run away.
B．By turning on the truck's lights.
C．By guiding him towards the shelter.
D．By screaming his name at the top of her voice.
4．Which of the following words best describe Iris
A．Brave and calm.
B．Experienced and confident.
C．Adventurous and careful.
D．Fearless and sympathetiC．
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇类型 记叙文
主题语境 人与自我——家庭生活——地震中母亲带着孩子逃命的经过
(2021·山东省临沂市联考)You just can't imagine what a brave mother is like.She was a mother of three, who just __1__ an earthquake, couldn't tell if her children were __2__ for help.Or what if you knew you couldn't yell at her for help because she couldn't __3__ you That was what happened to Connie and her three children __4__ the 6.1 magnitude earthquake rocked Napa, CaliforniA．Connie is __5__ and communicates with her children using sign language.
At midnight, Connie and her three children were __6__ on the first floor of their two story home.She and her 16 year old son, Juan, were shaken awake.Instantly, they realized there were no disaster supplies downstairs.Connie, also __7__ one month old Raul and 8 year old Adriana, called Juan to come close to her in the darkness and __8__ for him to go upstairs to get a __9__．
Juan slowly __10__ the stairs.He heard a loud creak (嘎吱声).Arriving on the top floor, he moved quickly but __11__ to get what he needeD．Using the flashlight to guide his steps back __12__ the stairs, the family was able to take a few items from the first floor and __13__．Their home was almost in ruins.
Being deaf was not deterrent (妨碍物) for this __14__ mother.The family made it to the __15__ safely, which comforted everyone.
1．A．experienced B．dreamed
C．avoided D．reported
2．A．turning around B．standing by
C．running away D．crying out
3．A．see B．hear
C．forgive D．reach
4．A．when B．after
C．unless D．before
5．A．blind B．deaf
C．old D．sick
6．A．alone B．awake
C．alive D．asleep
7．A．chatting to B．playing with
C．focusing on D．running after
8．A．signed B．phoned
C．shouted D．explained
9．A．helper B．flashlight
C．box D．suitcase
10．A．mopped B．examined
C．climbed D．left
11．A．carefully B．regularly
C．bravely D．hurriedly
12．A．up B．above
C．under D．down
C．flee D．cry
14．A．famous B．skillful
C．ordinary D．determined
15．A．darkness B．shelter
C．ruins D．stairs
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
(2021·山东潍坊模拟卷一)When I spent the last summer with my grandmother in Warwick, N．Y., she sent me down to the grocery store with a long shopping list.Staring at all the items on the list, I wondered how I could find anything on the packed shelves around me.But she insisteD．
I walked up to the counter.Behind it was a lady like no one I'd ever seen.Thick glasses rested on the tip of her nose, gray hair was piled on her heaD．
“Excuse me，” I saiD．She looked up.
“You're that Clements kid，” she saiD．“I'm Miss e closer and let me get a look at you.” She pushed her glasses up her nose.“I want to be able to describe you to the policeman if something goes missing from the store.”
“I'm not a thief！” I was shockeD．I was too young to be a thief!
“Maybe not, but I can tell you've got potential.” She went back to reading her newspaper.
“I need to get these.” I said, holding up my list.
“So Go get them.”She ignored my need of a favor，“There's no one here except you and me and I'm not your servant, so I suggest you start looking for the things on that list.”
The store was a puzzle to a seven year old, and it seemed to hold all the goods in the worlD．I complained about this task grandma had set me to do while trying to find all the items on my list.It took me one and half an hour to do it, and the mean lady behind the counter didn't even bother to look at me once.
I visited Miss Bee a couple of times a week that summer.Sometimes she sold me an old newspaper instead of one that was the latest.Sometimes she overcharged me and didn't seem embarrassed when I pointed it out.Going to the store was more like going into battle, but I surviveD．By summer's end the shopping trip that had once taken me an hour was done in 15 minutes.The morning I was to return to Brooklyn, I stopped in to get a sodA．
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7Unit 5 A delicate world
课后培优——微积累战高考，训练提分点
拟人修辞法
拟人也是一种比喻，就是把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，赋予无生命之物以感情和动作或是把动物人格化，使语言生动、形象、更有感染力。
一、好句欣赏
1．The stars danced playfully in the moonlit sky.
星星在月色皎洁的天空中欢快地跳舞。
2．My alarm clock yells at me every morning.
我的闹钟每天早上对我大喊大叫。
3．The wildfire ran through the forest at an amazing speeD．
野火以惊人的速度穿过森林。
4．My stomach was punishing me for not eating on time.
我的胃因我没有按时吃饭而在惩罚我。
5．His car suffered a severe stroke in the middle of the road, and refused to move forwarD．
他的车在路中间遭到严重的一撞，不愿再向前开了。
6．Seeing such extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up.
看到如此非凡的美，我想我身体里的每个细胞都醒了。
二、小试牛刀
1．She did not realize that opportunity was_knocking_at_her_door．
她没有意识到机会正在敲她的门。
2．Slowly, the city began_to_breathe_again．
慢慢地，这座城市又开始呼吸了(开始出现了生机)。
3．Time_flew and before we knew it, it was time for me to go home.
时间飞逝，不知不觉中，我就该回家了。
4．The flowers were blooming, and the bees kissed_them_now_and_then．
花儿正在盛开，蜜蜂不时地亲吻它们。
5．New York is the city that never_sleeps．
纽约是一个不夜城。
6．I could hear Hawaii calling_my_name．
我能听到夏威夷在呼唤我的名字。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇类型 记叙文
主题语境 人与自我——个人经历——作者在沙尘暴中勇敢地救出了父亲
(2021·沈阳市高三质量监测) Mama and I spend mornings cleaning up the dirt that blows into our house.Mama says all the dust is due to the drought.The dirt covers everything.It covers our clothes.We have to wash the dishes before each meal.We rarely drive the truck because Papa fears the dust from the road will ruin the motor.
When my sister，Faye，and I walk to school we wear kerchiefs over our mouths so we don't breathe in the dirt.On days when the air is so bad that they close the school，we stay at home and help Mama put wet sheets over the windows.But the dirt always finds a way in.
Last Sunday，there was no dirt in the air，only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky.After lunch，Papa headed out to the field to check on the cattle while I played with Faye in the yarD．The temperature suddenly droppeD．I looked to the west and saw a huge black cloud of dust.All the birds flew away.“I must warn Papa，”I thought to myself.To avoid her panicking，I gently told Faye to go back inside where she would be safe，and then headed off to the fielD．
The storm hit so fast，and in an instant the day turned into night.By the time I entered the cow field the fine sand was whipping across my face.I screamed for Papa，hoping my voice would lead him back.
The dirt and sand stung my skin like a thousand bees.Although I was terrified，I refused to turn back.My dad was stranded and needed my help.Covering my face with one hand，I groped my way toward the truck and opened the door.First I tried turning the truck's lights on and off，hoping that Papa would see them flashing，but the sandstorm let no light escape.Then I pushed the horn again and again，so Papa would hear it.I pushed until I had no more strength in my arms.
Suddenly，Papa's face appeared at the window.My heart leaped with surprise and relief.He opened the door and climbed onto the seat next to me.He then pulled me into his arms and said，“Oh，Iris，you saved me！”
Finally，the wind subsided and the dust began to settle.Dirt was piled up to the window on one side of the truck and halfway up the door on the other.Papa kicked the door，opening it far enough to let us out.
Sand and soil drifts were everywhere，but we were safe.
文章大意：该文讲述了在一个风沙蔽日的周日午后，作者勇敢地闯入沙尘暴通过闪车灯和按喇叭的方式提醒父亲到车里躲避并最终救出了父亲。
1．What is the main function of the first two paragraphs
A．It describes a problem the characters must solve.
B．It establishes the setting where the story takes place.
C．It introduces the characters that are related to the story.
D．It explains the motivations for the characters' later actions.
解析：B 考查写作意图。下文讲述了作者的英勇事迹，而第一、二段讲述的是该故事发生之前的天气状况，旨在给故事提供背景，故选B。
2．Why did Papa go to the field that Sunday
A．He was trying to get to his truck.
B．He needed to prepare the field for harvest.
C．He wanted to make sure the cattle were fine.
D．He planned to bring the cattle in before the storm.
解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“After lunch，Papa headed out to the field to check on the cattle”可知，父亲那个周日去牧场是为了核实牛的情况是否正常，故C项正确。
3．How did Iris save her father
A．By warning him to run away.
B．By turning on the truck's lights.
C．By guiding him towards the shelter.
D．By screaming his name at the top of her voice.
解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“First I tried turning the truck's lights on and off，hoping that Papa would see them flashing，but the sandstorm let no light escape.Then I pushed the horn again and again，so Papa would hear it.”可知，作者通过不断地闪车灯和按喇叭的方式引导父亲来卡车这个临时庇护处躲避沙尘暴，故选C。
4．Which of the following words best describe Iris
A．Brave and calm.
B．Experienced and confident.
C．Adventurous and careful.
D．Fearless and sympathetiC．
解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第四段尾句以及第五段描述的作者尝试各种方式将父亲引到车里躲避可知，作者是冷静的；根据第五段第二、三句可知，尽管作者很害怕，但她还是冲进沙尘暴去帮助父亲，由此可知作者是勇敢的，故A项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇类型 记叙文
主题语境 人与自我——家庭生活——地震中母亲带着孩子逃命的经过
(2021·山东省临沂市联考)You just can't imagine what a brave mother is like.She was a mother of three, who just __1__ an earthquake, couldn't tell if her children were __2__ for help.Or what if you knew you couldn't yell at her for help because she couldn't __3__ you That was what happened to Connie and her three children __4__ the 6.1 magnitude earthquake rocked Napa, CaliforniA．Connie is __5__ and communicates with her children using sign language.
At midnight, Connie and her three children were __6__ on the first floor of their two story home.She and her 16 year old son, Juan, were shaken awake.Instantly, they realized there were no disaster supplies downstairs.Connie, also __7__ one month old Raul and 8 year old Adriana, called Juan to come close to her in the darkness and __8__ for him to go upstairs to get a __9__．
Juan slowly __10__ the stairs.He heard a loud creak (嘎吱声).Arriving on the top floor, he moved quickly but __11__ to get what he needeD．Using the flashlight to guide his steps back __12__ the stairs, the family was able to take a few items from the first floor and __13__．Their home was almost in ruins.
Being deaf was not deterrent (妨碍物) for this __14__ mother.The family made it to the __15__ safely, which comforted everyone.
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位耳聋的母亲在一次地震中带着三个孩子逃命的经过。最终他们安全到达避难所。
1．A．experienced B．dreamed
C．avoided D．reported
解析：A 根据第1空后的an earthquake可知，一个母亲和三个孩子经历了一次地震。experienced体验；dreamed梦想；avoided避免；reported报道。
2．A．turning around B．standing by
C．running away D．crying out
解析：D 根据第2空后的for help可知，不知道孩子们是否哭着求助。 turning around转身；standing by支持，袖手旁观；crying out大声呼喊；running away逃跑。
3．A．see B．hear
C．forgive D．reach
解析：B 根据第3空前的“you couldn't yell at her for help”可知，她听不见声音。see看见；hear听见； forgive原谅；reach达到，抵达。
4．A．when B．after
C．unless D．before
解析：A 后文描述的是地震发生时她的表现，所以认为，当加州纳帕发生6.1级地震时，康妮和她的三个孩子就是这样。
5．A．blind B．deaf
C．old D．sick
解析：B 根据“Being deaf”可知，Connie是一个聋子。
6．A．alone B．awake
C．alive D．asleep
解析：D 根据后面语境“She and her 16 year old son, Juan, were shaken awake.”可知，Connie和孩子睡着了。
7．A．chatting to B．playing with
C．focusing on D．running after
解析：C 根据空后的“one month old Raul and 8 year old Adriana”可知，注意力集中于较小的孩子。chatting to闲聊；playing with和……一起玩；focusing on集中于；running after追赶。
8．A．signed B．phoned
C．shouted D．explained
解析：A 根据“in the darkness ”和 “for him to go upstairs to get”可知，她示意胡安去楼上拿手电筒。phoned打电话；signed预示，示意，署名；shouted大喊；explained解释。
9．A．helper B．flashlight
C．box D．suitcase
解析：B 根据“for him to go upstairs to get”以及下文的“Using the flashlight”可知，示意胡安去楼上拿手电筒。helper助手；flashlight手电筒；box箱子；suitcase手提箱。
10．A．mopped B．examined
C．climbed D．left
解析：C 根据前面语境“go upstairs to get a ________”．判断，胡安慢慢地爬上楼梯。mopped用拖把拖洗；examined检查；climbed攀登；left离开。
11．A．carefully B．regularly
C．bravely D．hurriedly
解析：A 根据11空前的 “he moved quickly but”可知，到达顶楼后，他迅速而小心地取走了他需要的东西。carefully仔细地；regularly定期地，有规律地；bravely勇敢地；hurriedly匆匆忙忙地。
12．A．up B．above
C．under D．down
解析：D 前面提到“Connie and her three children were ______ on the first floor”，之后说“go upstairs to get a ________．”判断，用手电筒指引他下楼梯。
13．A．stay B．return
C．flee D．cry
解析：C 因为地震，拿了东西逃走。stay停止，逗留；return归还；flee逃跑；cry哭。
14．A．famous B．skillful
C．ordinary D．determined
解析：D 根据“Being deaf was not deterrent (妨碍物)”可知，母亲意志坚定。famous著名的；skillful熟练的，巧妙的；ordinary普通的；determined坚决的。
15．A．darkness B．shelter
C．ruins D．stairs
解析：B 根据空前的“made it”和空后的“safely”可知，母亲带着三个孩子到达了安全的地方。darkness黑暗；shelter避难所，庇护；ruins废墟；stairs楼梯。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
(2021·山东潍坊模拟卷一)When I spent the last summer with my grandmother in Warwick, N．Y., she sent me down to the grocery store with a long shopping list.Staring at all the items on the list, I wondered how I could find anything on the packed shelves around me.But she insisteD．
I walked up to the counter.Behind it was a lady like no one I'd ever seen.Thick glasses rested on the tip of her nose, gray hair was piled on her heaD．
“Excuse me，” I saiD．She looked up.
“You're that Clements kid，” she saiD．“I'm Miss e closer and let me get a look at you.” She pushed her glasses up her nose.“I want to be able to describe you to the policeman if something goes missing from the store.”
“I'm not a thief！” I was shockeD．I was too young to be a thief!
“Maybe not, but I can tell you've got potential.” She went back to reading her newspaper.
“I need to get these.” I said, holding up my list.
“So Go get them.”She ignored my need of a favor，“There's no one here except you and me and I'm not your servant, so I suggest you start looking for the things on that list.”
The store was a puzzle to a seven year old, and it seemed to hold all the goods in the worlD．I complained about this task grandma had set me to do while trying to find all the items on my list.It took me one and half an hour to do it, and the mean lady behind the counter didn't even bother to look at me once.
I visited Miss Bee a couple of times a week that summer.Sometimes she sold me an old newspaper instead of one that was the latest.Sometimes she overcharged me and didn't seem embarrassed when I pointed it out.Going to the store was more like going into battle, but I surviveD．By summer's end the shopping trip that had once taken me an hour was done in 15 minutes.The morning I was to return to Brooklyn, I stopped in to get a sodA．
One possible version
Paragraph 1:
“All right, Miss Potential, what did you learn this summer？” she saiD．“That you're mean！” Finally I said it, thinking that I don't have to deal with her again.To my amazement, Miss Bee laugheD．“I know what you think of me，” she continueD．“Well, I don't care! Each of us is put on this earth for a reason.I believe my job is to teach every child I meet some life lessons to help them.” Embarrassed as I felt, I wasn't capable of appreciating the lessons she claimed she had given me at such a young age, and I only wished that I had never met her.After checking out, I left.
Paragraph 2:
One day after all those years my seven year old daughter came to me with homework troubles.It's too hard，” she complaineD．“Could you finish my math problems for me？” “If I do it for you how will you ever learn to do it yourself？” I respondeD．Suddenly, I was back at the grocery store where I had learned the hard way to deal with my own business.Had I ever been overcharged since As my daughter went back to her homework, I wondered: Had Miss Bee really taught me something all those years ago Sure enough, she didn't act as a servant but she inspired potential in a seven year olD．
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