Unit 2 Onwards and upwards
课后培优——微积累战高考，训练提分点
描写人物的体型
一、多样表达
1．dark adj. (颜色)浅黑的； 深的
2．handsome adj. (男子)英俊的
3．pretty adj. 漂亮的，俊俏的，清秀的
4．slender adj. 纤细的，细长的，苗条的
5．average adj. 普通的，平常的
6．a graceful figure 优美的身段
7．a shapely figure 匀称的形体
8．a skinny figure 瘦削的身材
9．a slim figure 细长的身材
10．a well developed figure 发育良好的身体
11．a handsome/striking figure
仪表堂堂
12．have a good figure (人)形体很好
13．improve one's figure 改善形体
14．see a dark figure in the moonlight
看到月光下有一个模糊的人影
15．show off her lovely figure
炫耀她优美的身段
二、佳句观摩
1．He was a slim and darkly handsome young man.
他是个身材修长、皮肤黝黑的帅小伙。
2．He was a big man, smartly dressed in a suit and tie.
他身材高大，穿着西服打着领带，非常帅气。
3．He was average build, with mousy hair and a forgettable face.
他中等身材，灰褐色头发，长着一张过目即忘的脸。
4．The girl has a good figure but a plain face.
这女孩有着好身段但是脸蛋却很一般。
5．I couldn't take my eyes off her, she had the classic long legs and lovely figure.
我没法不看她，她的双腿美丽修长，身材很好。
6．He is an average man, there's nothing different about him.
他是个普通人，并没有什么异乎常人的地方。
三、佳句仿写
1．The driver was a_slim_young_woman of perhaps thirty.
司机是个大约30岁的身材苗条的年轻女子。
2．Jean is pretty, of_slim_build,_with blue eyes.
珍非常漂亮，身材苗条，有一双蓝色的眼睛。
3．My idea of physical perfection is to_be_very_slender．
在我看来，要拥有完美身材就要非常苗条。
4．He's doing exercises to_improve_his_figure．
他在做体操以改善体形。
5．You have_a_good_figure,_you will look very nice wearing this jeans.
你的身材很好，你穿这条牛仔裤会很好看。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇类型 记叙文
主题语境 人与社会——人际关系——爱可以战胜一切困难
(2021·河北沧州中学高三月考)Recently I came in contact with the true meaning of love.That would have been, Kane, a boy.Kane was the two year old son of Jolene, my new neighbor.
At a glance Kane was a sight.He'd been born with hard sticks for legs.And on that morning I witnessed the effect that Kane's physical shortcomings had on his family.But I also witnessed much more than that.
I saw an extraordinary family that embraced this special child, a family that wouldn't allow Kane to know he was different.Jolene had constructed a small cart just a few inches off the floor for his son to get arounD．Using his hands to move about, Kane moved the cart to “go to” any place just as everyone else was able to do.Kane worked that little cart like a master.Kane was a vital focus of the entire family.He was more than just a member of the family; he was the soul.This child was the driver, the motivator (让人积极进取的人), and the founder of much of the interaction.
Much later in my life, I came to realize that God had sent this child to help some of us who just weren't getting what love was all about.Even with my limited capacity for understanding at the time that Kane was a highly developed spirit with great wisdom.
Kane demanded attention, but not because of his mobility challenges or other apparent shortcomings.In his mind, he had no challenges or shortcomings.The truth is that he received attention because he was alive and real and had so much to offer.
Kane was and still is a lot of warm and powerful energy sent to us all, so we might learn that love surpasses (超越，胜过) all things.Kane, a fragile yet lovely baby, was here to teach us all an important lesson.And at the age of two he did just that.
1．What did the author think of Kane's family members
A．It was ridiculous for them to make a cart for Kane.
B．They were greatly brave to face all the difficulties.
C．They were strange because they locked Kane at home.
D．It was respectable for them to start their own business.
2．How did Kane “go” everywhere he wanted to go
A．By moving his cart with his own hands.
B．By asking his father to lead him ahead with a stick.
C．By asking his grandparents to push him everywhere.
D．With the help of a babysitter for him.
3．Kane needed attention because he wanted to show ________．
A．he can challenge his difficulty in moving
B．he had challenges or shortcomings in his life
C．he had the power to prove he was capable too
D．he himself needed to be looked after by others
4．What can we learn from Kane's story
A．Love me, love my dog.
B．Pure gold fears no fire.
C．Love is above all things.
D．Many hands make light work.
B
语篇类型 说明文
主题语境 人与自我——自我锻炼——晨练之前是否用餐
For those who can stomach_it，working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance.However，far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study.They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men，whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us.They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.
Then，on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab，each man walked for an hour at an average speed that，in theory，should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel.Before one of these workouts，the men skipped breakfast，meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食).On the other occasion，they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue.
Then they compared the samples.There were considerable differences.Most obviously，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten.As a result，they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first.On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里)，on average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant，the researchers founD．Multiple genes behaved differently，depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking.Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health.These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasteD．
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise，it may be wise to skip eating first.
5．The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “________”．
A．digest the meal easily
B．manage without breakfast
C．decide wisely what to eat
D．eat whatever is offered
6．Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment
A．Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
B．Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
C．They could walk at an average speeD．
D．They had slow metabolic rates.
7．What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise
A．They successfully lost weight.
B．They consumed a bit more calories.
C．They burned more fat on average.
D．They displayed higher insulin levels.
8．What could be learned from the research
A．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
Ⅱ.七选五
语篇类型 说明文
主题语境 人与自我——自我提升——自尊、自信、乐观向上的人生态度
A Few Tips for Self Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves.But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach.1.________Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●2.________ Do not follow the people who make you feel not good enough.Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this worlD．
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.3.________ You will make mistakes, time and time again.Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心的) response “That didn't go as planneD．But, I tried my best.”
●Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.4.________
●Now that you've listed your strengths, list your imperfections.Turn the page in your journal.Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough.Now, read these words back to yourself.5.________ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.See how awesome you are
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E Set an intention for self acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇类型 记叙文
主题语境 人与社会——人际交往——最喜欢的一位吴老师
(2020·呼和浩特高三月考)My favorite teacher is Miss Wu, 1.____________ is 41 years olD．She is middle ageD．She has been teaching English for more than twenty years since she 2.____________ (graduate) from her university.She 3.____________ (work) very hard and has been a model teacher for many years.She enjoys her job and she is always very 4.__________ (energy).She is rather strict with us in everything.She always encourages us to speak and read more English as much as 5.____________ (possibly), as she says：“Practice makes perfect.” She is very good at teaching and makes every lesson 6.__________ (interest) and viviD．We often do a series of 7.__________ (activity) in class.She often teaches us English songs 8.____________ helps us put on short English plays.Her attitude to 9.____________ (teach) is enthusiastiC．In 10.________word, she is not only my good teacher but also my good frienD．
PAGE
8Unit 2 Onwards and upwards
课后培优——微积累战高考，训练提分点
描写人物的体型
一、多样表达
1．dark adj. (颜色)浅黑的； 深的
2．handsome adj. (男子)英俊的
3．pretty adj. 漂亮的，俊俏的，清秀的
4．slender adj. 纤细的，细长的，苗条的
5．average adj. 普通的，平常的
6．a graceful figure 优美的身段
7．a shapely figure 匀称的形体
8．a skinny figure 瘦削的身材
9．a slim figure 细长的身材
10．a well developed figure 发育良好的身体
11．a handsome/striking figure
仪表堂堂
12．have a good figure (人)形体很好
13．improve one's figure 改善形体
14．see a dark figure in the moonlight
看到月光下有一个模糊的人影
15．show off her lovely figure
炫耀她优美的身段
二、佳句观摩
1．He was a slim and darkly handsome young man.
他是个身材修长、皮肤黝黑的帅小伙。
2．He was a big man, smartly dressed in a suit and tie.
他身材高大，穿着西服打着领带，非常帅气。
3．He was average build, with mousy hair and a forgettable face.
他中等身材，灰褐色头发，长着一张过目即忘的脸。
4．The girl has a good figure but a plain face.
这女孩有着好身段但是脸蛋却很一般。
5．I couldn't take my eyes off her, she had the classic long legs and lovely figure.
我没法不看她，她的双腿美丽修长，身材很好。
6．He is an average man, there's nothing different about him.
他是个普通人，并没有什么异乎常人的地方。
三、佳句仿写
1．The driver was a_slim_young_woman of perhaps thirty.
司机是个大约30岁的身材苗条的年轻女子。
2．Jean is pretty, of_slim_build,_with blue eyes.
珍非常漂亮，身材苗条，有一双蓝色的眼睛。
3．My idea of physical perfection is to_be_very_slender．
在我看来，要拥有完美身材就要非常苗条。
4．He's doing exercises to_improve_his_figure．
他在做体操以改善体形。
5．You have_a_good_figure,_you will look very nice wearing this jeans.
你的身材很好，你穿这条牛仔裤会很好看。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇类型 记叙文
主题语境 人与社会——人际关系——爱可以战胜一切困难
(2021·河北沧州中学高三月考)Recently I came in contact with the true meaning of love.That would have been, Kane, a boy.Kane was the two year old son of Jolene, my new neighbor.
At a glance Kane was a sight.He'd been born with hard sticks for legs.And on that morning I witnessed the effect that Kane's physical shortcomings had on his family.But I also witnessed much more than that.
I saw an extraordinary family that embraced this special child, a family that wouldn't allow Kane to know he was different.Jolene had constructed a small cart just a few inches off the floor for his son to get arounD．Using his hands to move about, Kane moved the cart to “go to” any place just as everyone else was able to do.Kane worked that little cart like a master.Kane was a vital focus of the entire family.He was more than just a member of the family; he was the soul.This child was the driver, the motivator (让人积极进取的人), and the founder of much of the interaction.
Much later in my life, I came to realize that God had sent this child to help some of us who just weren't getting what love was all about.Even with my limited capacity for understanding at the time that Kane was a highly developed spirit with great wisdom.
Kane demanded attention, but not because of his mobility challenges or other apparent shortcomings.In his mind, he had no challenges or shortcomings.The truth is that he received attention because he was alive and real and had so much to offer.
Kane was and still is a lot of warm and powerful energy sent to us all, so we might learn that love surpasses (超越，胜过) all things.Kane, a fragile yet lovely baby, was here to teach us all an important lesson.And at the age of two he did just that.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。通过描述“我”的邻居Kane, 一个两岁大但身体有缺陷的孩子，告诉我们：爱可以战胜一切困难。
1．What did the author think of Kane's family members
A．It was ridiculous for them to make a cart for Kane.
B．They were greatly brave to face all the difficulties.
C．They were strange because they locked Kane at home.
D．It was respectable for them to start their own business.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “I saw an extraordinary family that embraced this special child, a family that wouldn't allow Kane to know he was different.”可推知，这个家庭勇敢地面对所有的困难，故选B。
2．How did Kane “go” everywhere he wanted to go
A．By moving his cart with his own hands.
B．By asking his father to lead him ahead with a stick.
C．By asking his grandparents to push him everywhere.
D．With the help of a babysitter for him.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Using his hands to move about, Kane moved the cart to “go to” any place just as everyone else was able to do.”可知，Kane用他的双手移动手推车，故选A。
3．Kane needed attention because he wanted to show ________．
A．he can challenge his difficulty in moving
B．he had challenges or shortcomings in his life
C．he had the power to prove he was capable too
D．he himself needed to be looked after by others
解析：C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The truth is that he received attention because he was alive and real and had so much to offer.”可推知，他需要关注是因为他有能力证明自己可以做一些事情，故选C。
4．What can we learn from Kane's story
A．Love me, love my dog.
B．Pure gold fears no fire.
C．Love is above all things.
D．Many hands make light work.
解析：C 主旨大意题。根据末段中的 “so we might learn that love surpasses(超越，胜过) all things”可推知，爱高于一切，故选C。
B
语篇类型 说明文
主题语境 人与自我——自我锻炼——晨练之前是否用餐
For those who can stomach_it，working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance.However，far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study.They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men，whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us.They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.
Then，on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab，each man walked for an hour at an average speed that，in theory，should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel.Before one of these workouts，the men skipped breakfast，meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食).On the other occasion，they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue.
Then they compared the samples.There were considerable differences.Most obviously，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten.As a result，they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first.On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里)，on average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant，the researchers founD．Multiple genes behaved differently，depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking.Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health.These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasteD．
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise，it may be wise to skip eating first.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。
5．The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “________”．
A．digest the meal easily
B．manage without breakfast
C．decide wisely what to eat
D．eat whatever is offered
解析：B 词义猜测题。根据后句working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人。 B项”不吃早饭”与之意思相近。故选B。
6．Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment
A．Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
B．Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
C．They could walk at an average speeD．
D．They had slow metabolic rates.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据题干中 “10 people”，定位答案在第三段。根据第三段中 “They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are ，for better and worse，representative of those of most of us.”可知他们首先挑选了10个超重不太爱运动，但是健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式，不管好坏，代表着我们大部分人。故选A。
7．What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise
A．They successfully lost weight.
B．They consumed a bit more calories.
C．They burned more fat on average.
D．They displayed higher insulin levels.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句 “On the other hand，they burned slightly more calories (卡路里)，on average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.”可知 另一方面，平均来说，吃完早餐后锻炼消耗的热量要比禁食后稍微多一点。故选B。
8．What could be learned from the research
A．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段 “The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise，it may be wise to skip eating first.”可知这些结果暗示：为了从锻炼中获益最大，最好先不吃饭。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
语篇类型 说明文
主题语境 人与自我——自我提升——自尊、自信、乐观向上的人生态度
A Few Tips for Self Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves.But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach.1.________Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●2.________ Do not follow the people who make you feel not good enough.Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this worlD．
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.3.________ You will make mistakes, time and time again.Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心的) response “That didn't go as planneD．But, I tried my best.”
●Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.4.________
●Now that you've listed your strengths, list your imperfections.Turn the page in your journal.Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough.Now, read these words back to yourself.5.________ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.See how awesome you are
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E Set an intention for self acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几条接受自我的建议，希望人们能建立自尊、自信和乐观向上的人生态度。
1．解析：B 上文“我们想接受并爱自己，但这有时似乎太难、太遥不可及了。”根据空格后给出的帮助人们找到正确方向的建议，可知空格处应该是个疑问句，即“从哪里开始呢？”
2．解析：F 作者在本段提出不要效仿他人，因为你的生活是你自己的，你是这个世界上唯一的你，所以此处作者强调人的唯一性、独特性，即不要拿自己和别人比较，因此选F。
3．解析：D 本段开头提到人们经常为自己的缺点、错误、失败感到羞愧，空格后提到人还会一次又一次地犯错误，可知此处应是为犯错误做出的解释。选项D “记住，你只是个人”，言外之意是“人都会犯错”，符合语境。
4．解析：C 本段提出我们要认识到自己的优点。空格前作者罗列了几项成就，如拥有一份工作、获得学位、 今天按时起床了。成就有大有小，但都值得庆祝。选项 C 符合语境。
5．解析：A 本段空格后提到，翻到写着自己的优点和成就的那一页，看看你有多棒，空格前提到写下为什么觉得自己无价值、不够好的话，由此可知空格处应是这些不好的话带给自己的感受，故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇类型 记叙文
主题语境 人与社会——人际交往——最喜欢的一位吴老师
(2020·呼和浩特高三月考)My favorite teacher is Miss Wu, 1.____________ is 41 years olD．She is middle ageD．She has been teaching English for more than twenty years since she 2.____________ (graduate) from her university.She 3.____________ (work) very hard and has been a model teacher for many years.She enjoys her job and she is always very 4.__________ (energy).She is rather strict with us in everything.She always encourages us to speak and read more English as much as 5.____________ (possibly), as she says：“Practice makes perfect.” She is very good at teaching and makes every lesson 6.__________ (interest) and viviD．We often do a series of 7.__________ (activity) in class.She often teaches us English songs 8.____________ helps us put on short English plays.Her attitude to 9.____________ (teach) is enthusiastiC．In 10.________word, she is not only my good teacher but also my good frienD．
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者最喜欢的一位吴老师及其工作情况和取得的成绩，她既是自己的老师，更是自己的朋友。
1．解析：who 考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。本句中先行词是Miss Wu，是一个非限制性定语从句，关系代词指人用who，在句中又作主语，故填who。
2．解析：graduated 考查动词的时态。本句叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填graduated。
3．解析：works 考查动词的时态。本句叙述的是现在的情况，用一般现在时，第三人称单数，故填works。
4．解析：energetic 考查形容词。作表语用形容词形式，故填energetic。
5．解析：possible 考查固定搭配。as much as possible 固定搭配，表示“尽可能多地”，故填possible。
6．解析：interesting 考查固定搭配。make ＋ sth.＋ 宾语补足语，是固定结构，用形容词形式作宾语补足语，又因修饰物，故填interesting。
7．解析：activities 考查名词。activity表示“活动”，是可数名词，前有“a series of”应用复数形式，故填activities。
8．解析：and 考查连词，此处用and连接两个并列谓语teaches和helps。
9．解析：teaching 考查非谓语动词。attitude to 表示“对……的态度”，其中to是介词，其后跟动名词形式，故填teaching。
10．解析：a 考查冠词。in a word 固定短语，表示“总之；简言之”，故填a。
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