2022年湖北省孝感市中考英语复习题型专题：六选五阅读（word版，含答案）

授课主题 英语题型专题：六选五阅读
授课目标 掌握六选五阅读解题技巧
学习重难点 联系上下文以及关注代词的用法
教学内容
【例题讲解】 【2020年4月丹阳初三英语调研试题】 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Do you still remember your first teacher There’s no doubt that my answer is“Yes.” (1)____C____. She made a huge difference in my life. Now I want to tell you something about her. When I was young, I was really shy and had very little self-confidence. (2)____B____ . But Mrs. Daniels was so kind and friendly that I soon forgot about that. In that first class, Mrs. Daniels asked us to draw a picture of ourselves. She walked around the classroom patiently helping everyone. When she got to my desk, she looked at my picture and said,“Wow! 3)____F____. That’s great!”At once I felt relaxed. But that wasn’t all. Mrs. Daniels was my teacher for only one year, but she helped me become a lot more confident. (4)____D____. She told us not to worry about giving wrong answers in class. She also showed us how to learn from our mistakes. (5)____A____. I think without Mrs. Daniels, I would be a different person. Here I’d like to send a big thank you to Mrs. Daniels for her help. Even today, I still remember all the advice that she gave me. B. I remember being so nervous on my first day at school. C. My first teacher is Mrs. Daniels. D. She always praised us and encouraged us to express ourselves. E. But I looked forward to meeting new classmates. F. Look at those bright colors. 【题型特点】 孝感中考英语“六选五”是一道综合性很强的题目，相当于阅读理解和完形填空的综合，它不仅需要阅读速度，还要对文章的结构、主旨、写作意图、观点等都要有所了解。主要是考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构的阅读能力、理解能力以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。这就要求考生掌握好作者写这篇文章的目的，作者的观点，区分出文章的论点和论据，还要把文章的结构和层次捋顺才能够准确地进行答题。 “六选五”选项特点，侧重语篇的连贯性和一致性，因此要使用各种达到连贯目的的衔接手段，即：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。 选项大致可分为三类： ①主旨概括句（文章整体内容）； ②过渡性句子（文章结构）； ③注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）。 【解题思路】 第一步：阅读文章的开头，明确文章的基本话题；注意首尾段、首尾句及文章中带转折词的句子，掌握文章大意； 第二步：阅读各个选项，画出关键词； 查看问题位置 1. 问题在段首 2. 问题在段尾 第三步：阅读各个空的前后句，画出关键词； 第五步：对比并匹配上述两类关键词，并按照先易后难的顺序选出答案。一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记，以免分散注意力； 第六步：将选项带入文章中重读，依据行文逻辑检查核对，再次确定所选答案。 【解题技巧】 微技能一：段首设空 段首一般是文章的主题句、段落的过渡句或支撑前文某一观点的句子。 方法一：关键词推断主题句 在段首设空时，需要阅读后文的内容，找出关键词/句，推断出主题句。 【典例剖析】Here are other examples of proverbs(谚语) that Americans use. The first ones are about love. Some people say, “All is fair in love and war.” They mean that anything you do in a relationship or in battle is acceptable. 64. ________ In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person. A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Another proverb says “Love is blind.” C. He was also famous for his proverbs. D. This means that money should not be wasted. E. He included many proverbs that he had heard or created. F. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 【当堂练习一】 1. ________ For more than seventy years, researchers and teachers have studied the link between the place where students choose to sit in class and what they are like as people and learners. Where do you usually decide to sit Have you ever really thought about the reasons for your decision A. You probably sit right at the front of the class if you’re longing for knowledge. B. Research suggests that the seat you choose in the classroom says a lot about you and your personality. C. Do you sit in the middle of the classroom D. This means it’s a good idea to sit in a different place every day. E. People often think that students who sit at the back are lazy. F. Students who sit at the side of the classroom are normally interested in class. 【当堂练习二】 2. ________ When you hold your pencil in the correct way, writing is much better. Some kids press down really hard when they write. That makes the handwriting bad. Try to be relaxed and don’t hold the pencil so hard. Let your writing appear nice and clean. If you do so, people will guess you are a student with a good habit. A. If not, here are four steps that really work! B. Hold your pencil right. C. Drawing can improve your handwriting. D. We will try to learn English well. E. Going slower makes your handwriting clearer. F. Those lines on the paper can help you to write words in the right size. 方法二：段落过渡词推断法 需要瞻前顾后找提示词/句，结合上下两段的内容，选出能将两段内容连贯起来的答案。 【典例剖析】 The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample(大便样本)for testing. 3. ________ About 20 small plastic particles(颗粒)were found in every 10 grams(克)of stool. “The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the liver(肝脏)，”said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research. A. There, sunlight and waves(海浪)break the plastic waste down to very small pieces. B. The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans. C. According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic. D. The scientists followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world. E. However, the scientists aren’t sure if the plastic is harmful to humans. F. Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study. 方法三：结合与后文关系推断 【典例剖析】 It’s easy to buy our food from the local supermarket, so why do we go to the trouble of growing our own Here are several good reasons： 77. ________ You can pick and eat it at once. When you have tried it, you will agree that vegetables and fruit that are eaten straight from the garden taste better than anything you can buy in a supermarket. A. Best of all, you can grow your own! B. But where to grow your own is a problem. C. That’s not so good for you, or for the planet. D. Food that you grow yourself is always fresh. E. If you have a large garden, growing your own is easy. F. You can control what goes on and into the food you eat. 微技能二：段中设空 段中设空的句子通常在文中起承上启下的作用，需要考生着重阅读上下文查找线索，分析句子间的逻辑关系及连贯性，从而锁定选项。 方法一：逻辑关系词法 在做段中设空的试题时，考生要注意句中和备选项中一些特殊的词，如：besides(递进), then(顺承), but(转折), however(转折), and(并列)等 【典例剖析】 But now, let’s go back to facing the music. Imagine a friend asks you to take care of her beautiful red sports car. She gives you the keys and says, “Thanks so much for watching my car while I’m away. But please, do not drive it. It is an extremely(极其) fast car.” 5. ________ You want to show off to some friends. So, you drive it around town one night. As bad luck would have it, you lose control of the car and drive it into a stop sign. Bang! A. But you do not listen. B. “Face the music” is a good example. C. The “music” here is the result of your actions. D. Americans often use the word “face” in this way. E. There are other American expressions that mean the same thing as “face the music”． F. All in all, listening to music is good for people. 方法二：人称代词和指示代词法 明确文中人称代词、指示代词或不定代词(如：he, she, they, this, that, another等)所指代的具体内容。 【典例剖析】 Franklin wrote a book called　“Poor Richard’s Almanac”.62. ________ Some of them are still used today, like this one：“Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Another proverb says “Love is blind.” C. He was also famous for his proverbs. D. This means that money should not be wasted. E. He included many proverbs that he had heard or created. F. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 【当堂练习四】 We’ve heard about several “poor students” in the past year. Cui Qingtao, a student from Yunnan, was working with his parents on a building site when he got an admission letter(录取通知书) from Peking University. 6. ________ She is a student from Hebei. She was doing her part time job in a different city when her family got her admission letter from Peking University. A. Life is full of ups and downs. B. A girl named Wang Xinyi is another example. C. “Poor students” are usually hard working and caring. D. And these experiences make me grow and become better. E. Born in poor families, these students have a lot in common. F. However, all of them can choose their attitudes towards life. 微技能三：段尾设空 段尾句通常是结论性、概括性语句，或引出下一段。 方法一：寻找总结性标志词 句子是段落性、概括性的语句时，需要查找表示结果、结论或总结等的标志词汇，如：therefore, as a result, thus, in short, in a word等。此外，选项也可能出现前文的同义词句。 【典例剖析】 Ant Forest, a feature in Alipay app, gives users points for doing eco friendly things such as walking and going paperless in the office. Users can then use these points to water and grow their own virtual(虚拟的) trees. When the virtual trees are big enough, Ant Forest will plant real trees somewhere in the world. 5. ______ A. More than 55 million trees have been planted in this way. B. The Chinese public has also joined in these activities recently. C. And China was responsible for 25% of that gain, according to the study. D. However, people there can produce vegetables without any difficulty now. E. But now, China has turned the area into the country’s largest man made forest. F. According to a news report, China is doing a great job of “greening” the world. 方法二：锁定关键词 对空格前1～2句重点阅读，锁定关键词；明确全段在讲述的内容，或引出下段内容。当所选答案是引出下一段的内容时，在选项中找不出与前段之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。 【典例剖析】 ◆Make the library and bookstore a special treat. Whether your kids are big readers or not, they are only children. They may be excited about new clothes and toys, but not books! Try to use that excitement to help your children love to read. Making a special treat of spending some time at the library or bookstore can be the perfect way to get your children excited about reading. 45. _____ A. Set aside time to read together. B. Ask your children about their favorite books. C. Reading together is the perfect way to relax before bedtime. D. The special place may push your children to start to love reading. E. Here are some useful ways to help make your children love reading! F. Let them have fun around there and they can choose whatever excites them. 【即学即用】 Have you ever stayed in a hotel Most Chinese hotels often provide guests(客人) with things like disposable (一次性的) toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo / m pu / and slippers. (1)____B____. But, if you travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. (2)___D____. Many disposable things are made of plastic. People throw them away after only using them once. (3)___A____. Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much as 400kg of waste a year! Most of that waste comes from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19,000 tons of plastic bags and 1,320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down. So the less plastic we throw out, the better. (4)___F____. Back at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. Try to do these things in your daily life: Use cloth shopping bags, not plastic ones. After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. (5)___E____. Do not use paper cups. At your school dining room, use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones. To protect our environment and our home, it is very necessary and important for us to save natural resources. A. It is a waste of natural resources and is very bad for the environment. B. Many guests like the idea because they don’t have to bring their own. C. Here are some ideas for you to live a green life. D. They want to ask people to use less disposable things. E. Then you can use it over and over again. F. So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again. 当堂检测 （黄冈市2020五校联考）Susie Sunbeam was not her real name, that was Susan Brown. But every one called her Susie Sunbeam because of her such a sweet, smiling face. 65 . Her grandfather first gave her this name, and it seemed to fit the little girl so nicely that soon it took the place of her own. Even when a baby, Susie laughed from morning till night. 66 . When she had learned to walk, she loved to go about the house and get things for her mother, and in this way save her as many steps as she could. She would sit by her mother’s side for an hour at a time, and ask her ever so many questions, or she would take her new book and read 67 She never used an unkind word, but tried to do whatever would please her playmates best. One day, a poor little girl with a very ragged dress was going by and Susie heard some children teasing her and making fun of her. She at once ran out to the gate, and asked the poor little girl to come in. " What are you crying for "Susie asked. " Because they all laughed at me, "she said. 68 She cheered her up with kind words, and gave her a nice dress and a pair of shoes. This brought real joy and gladness to the poor child. 69 . A.Then Susie took the little girl into the house. B. Susie was always pleasant in her play with other children. C. No one ever heard her cry unless she was sick or hurt. D. She always brought brightness with her when she came. E. Susie liked to read books when her mother was busy in doing chores. F. And she thought that Susie was rightly called Sunbeam.
BDFAE At the beginning of this term, my P.E. teacher suggested that I should take part in the marathon(马拉松赛跑). 39．In order to encourage me, he said that if I took part in the race, I would get the highest score for the term’s P.E. class. So I decided to have a try because I had nothing to lose. I prepared for the race carefully, 40．and after school, I practiced running with other runners on the sports ground. I even had the special diet for athletes. I hoped that the special diet could help me get the better results. When the day of the marathon came, I was nervous. As usual, I got up in the morning, had my breakfast, and listened to some music. Then my father drove me to the sports ground, for the marathon race was going to take place there in an hour.41．They knew how important this race for me and how much effort I had put into preparation. My competitors looked like athletes.42．However, when I started to run, I thought only about the race. As I paid attention to the race itself, I did not remember when I passed the other runners.43．I was happy that I won the race. I learnt that success always comes out of hard work. A．I was afraid that I would be last. B．Suddenly I realized that I had come first. C．I ran every day in the morning before school. D．They were quite friendly to me. E.I was surprised because I was never a good runner. F.All my family wished me good luck. 39．E 40．C 41．F 42．A 43．B （孝感黄冈咸宁三市联考）It’s normal for to feel shy and nervous when you stay in a new environment, like a party. If you think you are too shy and want to be a little braver, try the following. 64 There’s no need to hide it. When they get to know you are a shy person, they will understand you better. This also helps you feel easier in talks. 65 When you smile, people think you’re friendly and easy to talk with. Remember that other people also have feelings and most people will stay away from a person who looks angry. 66 If you find it hard to start a talk, say something nice about people around you. Think about how great you will feel when someone says something nice about you. Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person Turn your attention somewhere else. 67 Don’t waste time worrying about your looks or whether people like you or not. Each time after you say “Hi” or smile at someone for the first time,say “I did it!”to yourself. 68 I believe you can do it. You shouldn’t keep quiet at the party. Tell people you’re shy. Keep trying these and one day you’ll never be shy again when you talk to others. Try to smile more. Think more about ways to enjoy the party and have fun. Take one small step at a time.
BDAEC （九年级第一次月考模拟） Do you like to meet new people Do you like to talk Are you shy when you talk to strangers Whatever your answers are, the following tips can help you. ◆64. Say something about the weather or the place where you are from. Talk about the weekend. People all have something to say about. ◆Make the conversation interesting. Read the latest news. Find out about the popular music or what’s new in fashion or sports. ◆65. Keep eye contact (眼神交流) and say, “Yes”, “Hmm”, “Right” or “I know” to encourage people to talk. ◆Don’t be boring. Don’t just say “Yes” or “No” when you answer a question. Give some interesting information. ◆66. Ask “How about you ” and show you are interested in the other person. People love to talk about themselves. ◆67. Ask questions like “What do you do in your free time ” or “ What kind of food do you like ” Use open-ended questions to keep the conversation going. But don’t ask too many questions. It’s not an interrogation(审问)！ ◆68. Negative comments (消极的评论) sound impolite. And if you don’t want to answer a personal question, simply say, “Oh, I am not sure if I can answer that.” Or “ I’d rather not talk about that.” A. Be a good listener. B. Be positive (积极的). C. Don’t talk all the time. D. Ask open-ended questions. E. Have some topics(话题) ready to start a conversation. F. Keep laughing when you are listening.