2022年人教版英语七年级上册动词拔高讲义（word版，含答案）

动词
Part 1动词分类
动词分为：实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
一、实义动词
定义：具有实际意义，表示动作或状态。能独立作句子核心
分类：及物动词和不及物动词
及物动词 (主谓宾)：及物动词后面必须加宾语(动作的对象)，句子思才完整
Tom plays basketball every day.
I like this book very much.
不及物动词 (主谓&主谓(动介)宾)：不及物动词后边不能直接加宾语
David swims every day.
有些不及物动词如果加宾语，需要借助介词: 动词+介词
Look at the blackboard!
有些动词既及物又不及物
study: We study English. (及物) We study hard. (不及物)
know: I don’t know his name. (及物) I don’t know. (不及物)
身兼两职的还有：think, finish, sing, read, write…
二、系动词 (主系表)
定义：本身有词义，和表语一起说明主语状况。能独立作句子核心
分为：状态系动词(be)、感官系动词等
状态系动词 (be)
be(am, is, are)表主语所处的一种状态；后加名词、形容词、介词短语等注意be后不是接副词。
有时翻译为“是”，有时不翻译
I am a teacher. 我是一位老师。(be+名词)
My room is tidy. 我的房子很干净。(be+形容词) (be不翻译)
They are on the desk. 他们在书桌上。(be+介词短语) (be不翻译)
翻译下列的句子
那个女孩是我的妹妹。_____________________________________________________
字典在书桌上。_____________________________________________________
这首歌很令人放松。_____________________________________________________
感官系动词: 表示身体的一种感觉，有具体词义。后加形容词
sound(听起来) look(看起来) smell(闻起来)
taste(尝起来) feel(摸起来)
That sounds interesting!
This sweater looks nice.
The flowers smell sweet.
The salad tastes __________(good/well).
找出下列句中的动词，判断其类型
Lily is under the tree.
_____________________________________________________
The music sounds nice.
_____________________________________________________
The T-shirt feels soft (柔软的).
_____________________________________________________
Tom reads every day.
_____________________________________________________
三、助动词
定义：大多无词意。不能单独作句子核心，要和主动词一起构成句子核心帮助句子构成否定、疑问或时态等
包括： do (does), will…
助动词do (does)：一般现在时无be和情态动词时用do，does帮助构成否定句和疑问句
助动词will: 帮助句子构成一般将来时
I ‘ll take it.
They will have a meeting.
按要求完成下列句子
—Do you like this movie (指出对话中的动词，判断其类型)
________________________________________________
It sounds great! (变成否定句)
________________________________________________
I finish my homework. (变成一般疑问句)
________________________________________________
He does his homework in the evening. (改为否定句)
________________________________________________
四、情态动词
定义：有一定词义。不能单独作句子核心，和后面的主动词一起构成句子核心表一种情感和态度；大多无人称和数的变化，后加动词原形
包括：can(能够), must(必须)…
I speak Chinese. →I can speak Chinese.
She swims. →She can swim.
Tom goes home after school. →Tom must go home after school.
翻译下列句子
我能帮你。 I __________ __________ you.
Kim必须回家。 Kim __________ __________ home.
他能说日语。 He __________ __________ Japanese.
Lily必须去学校。 Lily __________ __________ to school.
Part 2 动词的形式
一、受时态和人称的影响：由主语和时态决定
一般现在时中：
实义动词：主语是单三，实义动词用单三形式
主语是其他人称和数，实义动词用原形
系动词be：am(一单), is(三单), are(第二人称和复数)
助动词do：主语是单三，do要用单三形式does
主语是其他人称和数，do要用原形
二、受前面介词的影响
动词放在介词后，作介词的宾语，用 doing 形式
Thank you for helping me.
How about watching TV
三、受前面动词的影响
动词放在动词后，作动词的宾语，用doing或to do形式
Lily finishes doing her homework.
I want to play basketball.
四、情态动词后的动词用动词原形
五、修饰名词的动词用动词的ing形式
I t is a good ______(eat) habit.
六、七上接 doing 或 to do的动词
接 doing 的：
finish (完成) My mother finishes doing the housework.
接 to do 的：
want (想要) My sister wants to play computer games.
need (需要) I need to buy a new sweater.
to do, doing都可以接的：
love (爱) Tim loves playing football.
= Tim loves to play football.
like (喜欢) Kate likes reading in the afternoon.(习惯性的喜欢做某事)
Kate likes to read this afternoon.(短暂性的想要做某事)
【练一练】
He __________ (get) up at six o’clock every day.
Kim wants __________ (is) a teacher when she grows up(长大).
Do you finish __________ (do) your homework
Lily likes __________ (go) to the park on weekends.
Let Tom __________ (come) in.
I need __________ (call) Lily now.
课上练习：
一、根据单词的正确形式填空
Let Tom __________ (go) now.
Lucy___________(have) ice-cream every day.
Jimmy wants ___________(buy) a sweater for school.
I like ___________(play) soccer with my friends.
We need ___________(put) the tape player on the desk.
I want to finish ___________(read)the book on Sunday.
Mary must ___________(go) home at seven.
Let Lucy __________ (study) now.
The Greens __________ (have) chicken for lunch every day.
Mary wants __________(meet) her aunt tomorrow.
My mother loves __________ (cook 做饭).
People need __________ (eat) vegetables and fruit.
Mary _______________ (not want) to go to school.
__________ his sister __________ (watch) TV in the evening
Jim can __________ (play) basketball very well.
二、完成句子
They are my favorite subjects.(变成一般疑问句)
___________________________________________________
My classes finish at 1: 50.(变为一般疑问句)
___________________________________________________
Next month, we have an art festival.(变为否定句)
___________________________________________________
It looks nice.(变为一般疑问句)
___________________________________________________
你的笔记本在学校图书馆里。(汉译英)
___________________________________________________
你的夹克看起来非常酷。(汉译英)
___________________________________________________
我会打排球，但我不会打棒球。
___________________________________________________
这些西红柿尝起来很不错。______________________
你的帽子在你的头上。______________________
课后习题讲解
This pair of trousers ______ (look) nice on me and I’ll take it.
In the classroom, the teacher is busy ______ (help) students with English.
The boy always ______ (watch) TV on the bed and it’s unhealthy for his eyes.
My mother and I like eating fruit. （变一般疑问句）
______ ______ mother and you like eating fruit
Bill has a baseball bat. (变否定句)
Bill ______ ______ a baseball bat.
He likes cakes, but I don’t want them.
A. to eat, eat B. eat, eat C. eating, eating D. eating, to eat
--- Jim and Sam’s father go home late、
---Yes, he .
A.Does, goes B. Is, is C. Do, does D. Does, does
This pair of shorts nice.
A. looks B. look C. are look D. is look
---What music your sister like
---Sorry, I don’t know.
A. is B. are C. has D. does
Look! Here ______ (be) a photo of my brothers. They are twins, in the same class.
Our last class ______ (finish) at 4:50 from Monday to Thursday.
Do you have healthy ______ (eat) habits, boys and girls
My grandpa ______ (not like) to play sports. He loves to watch them.
I think playing ping-pong is easy for me, but soccer is ______.
Peter, please ______ (call) me at 15683213242.
She doesn’t want ______ (have) math because she thinks it’s boring.
The big store ____ (sell) sweaters and skirts in different colors.
How old ______ (be) your grandfather
Let’s ______ (buy) the jacket at their great sale.
I think English and Chinese are very interesting s______.
My grandma has good e______ habits.
Alice and Lucy are in the school library. (变否定句)
Alice and Lucy ______ in the school library.
Does your sister go to school at 7 every day (作否定回答)
No, ______ ______.
Gina’s brothers like soccer. (划线部分提问)
______ sport ______ Gina’s brothers like
My music teacher is Mrs. Wang. (划线部分提问)
______ _______ music teacher
Kobe is a ____ basketball player. He plays basketball very ____.
A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. well; well
My teacher ________ (say) sports are good for our health.
How much ________ (be) the fruit salad for lunch
Let Cindy ________ (go) with you.
Gina, the purple skirt looks ________ (good) on you.
- Kevin, our daughter’s birthday is next Sunday.
- I want ________ (buy) her a computer.
He does his homework on Sunday. ( 改为否定句 )
He ______ ______ his homework on Sunday.
My schoolbag is under the chair. ( 改为一般疑问句 )
______ ______ schoolbag under the chair.
【选做】
I’m Ding Xi. I’m very happy to tell you what Chinese people do for the Chinese New Year. 60 is the most important festival(最重要的节日) in China.
The Chinese New Year is 61 January or February. People usually do lots of things before it. They clean their houses and 62 a lot of food for big dinners.
63 often buy their sons or daughters new clothes. All the family members(成员) get together and 64 a big dinner on the Chinese New Year Eve(除夕).
Children like setting off(放) and watching fireworks(烟花) after 65 . When the clock strikes(敲) twelve, they give each other the best wishes(最好的祝愿) for the coming year. Children often get red packets(红包) from 66 parents or grandparents. All the people have a great 67 on the Chinese New Year.
60. 61. 62. 63.
64. 65. 66. 67.
60-67 It in make They have that their time
I have an argument (争吵) with a boy in my class. I think “I” am __84__ and he is wrong. But he __85__ “I” am wrong and “he” is right. So we ask the teacher for help. Our teacher is working at the desk. He asks him to stand on the one side (边) of her __86__ and me on the other (另一边). A ball __87__ in the middle (中间) of her desk. I can see __88__ is black. She asks the boy, “ What __89__ is the ball ” “ White,” He answers (回答). It’s a ball ___90___ two different colors. From his side it’s white. Only from my side it’s black. Sometimes we need to think about the problem (问题) from other (其他的) people’s view (角度), ___91___ different people have different ideas (想法).
84. ________ 85. ________ 86. ________ 87. ________
88. ________ 89. ________ 90. ________ 91. ________
84. right 85. thinks 86. desk 87. is 88. it 89. color 90. of. 91. because
Do you know what’s the last word that girls want to hear ( 听见 ）from people’s mouth Yes, that is the word “fat”. Now in China, there are many fat students because they often eat too much fast food. The fast food is always cheap ( 便宜 ）and easy to take, so it’s interesting to think that people get fat, not because they have money but because they don’t. Fatty ( 油腻的 ）food is cheap. Hamburgers are usually cheaper than ( 比 ) the food at a health food shop. “For many people, they don’t have much time to do sports. I think making sports cheap and food expensive is a good thing for us. ” John Smith says.
Here some tips ( 建议 ) can help fat people to lose weight ( 减肥 ). If you don’t want to be fat, you can have a try.
Drink more water than Coke or other soft drinks.
Do sports for about one hour a day.
Walk at least 500 meters a day.
Eat vegetables and fruit.
Sleep for about 8 hours a night.
57. Is fast food always cheap and easy to take
________________________________________________________
62. What’s the last word that girls want to hear ( 听见 ) from people
________________________________________________________
63. How many tips can help fat people to lose weight here
________________________________________________________
64. Why are many students fat now
________________________________________________________
任务型阅读答案：
Yes. 62. Fat. 63. Five tips. 64. Because they often eat too much fast food.
Hi, boys and girls, do you know TFBOYS Well, we call them TF family. There are three boys in this TF family, and they are Wang Junkai, Wang Yuan and Yi Yangqianxi.
Wang Junkai is the captain(队长) of the family. His English name is Karry. His birthday is on September 21st. Jay Zhou is his favorite singer, and he sings some of Jay Zhou’s songs, like Qi Li Xiang. Roy is Wang Yuan’s English name. His birthday is on November 8th . Wang Junkai and Wang Yuan come from Chongqing. Yi Yangqianxi’s English name is Jackson. His birthday is on November 28th.He’s from Hunan. He dances very well.
On weekdays(在工作日)，the three boys go to school and study like other Kids. But on weekends(在周末)，they have to practice singing and dancing .It is not easy, but the three boys do it well.
Many people say that TFBOYS becomes popular(受欢迎的) only because of their cute looks(可爱的长相).But I don’t think so .They always work hard for their music dreams(梦想) That’s why so many people like them.
51. Where does Wang Junkai come from
52. When is Wang Yuan’s birthday
53. What’s Yi Yanqianxi’s English name
54. Is it easy for the three boys to become so popular
51.Chongqing.
52.On November 8th.
53.Jackson.
54.No,it isn’t.