Unit 3 Celebration
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测)
Shanghai University of Sport(SUS)Invites Global Talents
The Physical Fitness teaching team is one of the excellent national?level course teaching teams at SUS.The main courses of this team are Theories and Methods of Healthy Fitness Assessment，Sports Prescription and Sports Health Management.The following positions are available for applicants worldwide.
Leading Expert
Qualifications：
*A Ph.D.degree or an MD degree from an accredited(官方认可的) institution is required.
*Applicants have productive research activities，including，but not limited to，publications，conference presentations，and copywriting.
Faculty Member
Qualifications：
*A Ph.D.degree or an MD degree from an accredited institution is required.
*Applicants have successful teaching experiences at the undergraduate and graduate level.
*Disciplines：Physical Health Monitoring，Fitness Assessment，Preventive Medicine，Statistics，Child Health，Nutrition and Food Safety，and Data Science.
Postdoc Fellowship
Qualifications：
*A Ph.D.degree from an accredited institution is obtained within the last three years；fresh graduates are given priority in consideration.
*The first author publications in peer?reviewed journals and a strong publication record are preferred.
*Strong communication and cooperation skills and an interest in working in an interdisciplinary environment are also required.
Research Assistant
Qualifications：
*An MD degree from an accredited institution is obtained within the last three years in sports rehabilitation(康复) medicine or closely related fields.
*Strong publications in top international journals(the first author) are preferred.
*Good hands?on skills and good English communication skills are required.
Please email all materials as a PDF file to Dr.Kailimi Li at likailimi@ sus.edu.en with the subject：the title of the position for which you are applying.Application deadline：December 31，2020 or until filled.
1．Which position favors a recent graduate with a Ph.D.degree
A．Leading Expert. B．Faculty Member.
C．Postdoc Fellowship. D．Research Assistant.
2．Who is most likely to get the position of Faculty Member
A．A regular contributor to international journals.
B．A researcher in sports rehabilitation medicine.
C．A writer giving many conference presentations.
D．A professor teaching Nutrition and Food Safety.
3．What is the common qualification required by all the positions
A．A degree from an accredited institution.
B．Communication and cooperation skills.
C．The first author publication record.
D．A good command of English.
B
(2021·泰安市模拟)
On the last Monday in May，people in the United States celebrate Memorial Day.This federal holiday honors members of the American military who died at war.Schools and government offices close.Most people in the US have this day off from work.People celebrate Memorial Day with outdoor parades.
Most Americans consider it the start of summer though the season really begins in June.With so many people off work，Memorial Day has also become a popular shopping day.However，on most occasions Memorial Day is a serious and even sorrowful holiday.Those who have lost family members at war visit burial sites to decorate the graves.They place flowers，wreaths and US flags on the graves.
Memorial Day comes from a tradition that began after the American Civil War called Decoration Day.The Civil War was a very dark time in the US history.Historians have long thought that about 620，000 soldiers died in the fighting.However，new research suggests that the dead numbered about 750，000.
In 1868，about 5，000 people gathered at Arlington National Cemetery on the edge of Washington，D.C.They decorated more than 10，000 graves of Union and Confederate soldiers.They called it Decoration Day.
The tradition spread to other areas of the country.In 1873，New York State called it Memorial Day and was the first to make it a legal holiday.Other states followed，but not all.Some southern states had(and still have) separate celebrations that honor only dead Confederate soldiers.
After World War I ended in 1918，Memorial Day became a day to honor all American soldiers killed at war.In 1971，Congress passed a law making it an official federal holiday all over America.
4．What's the purpose of Memorial Day in America
A．To mark the start of summer.
B．To let people enjoy themselves.
C．To show respect for dead soldiers.
D．To establish a holiday to encourage soldiers.
5．What's the atmosphere of American Memorial Day like on most occasions
A．Sad. B．Casual.
C．Pleasant. D．Relaxing.
6．When did Memorial Day become a legal holiday throughout the US
A.In 1971. B．In 1873.
C．In 1918. D．In 1868.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．Celebration Activities of Memorial Day in the US
B．The Prospect of American Memorial Day
C．Members Honored on American Memorial Day
D．The Evolution of Memorial Day in the US
C
(2021·东北三省四市高考模拟)
Until last year，Borris would never turn down a pork steak.By the time his owner，Annemarie Formoy，entered him in the PDSA Pet Fit Club competition，he was 28kg—almost double his recommended weight.Thanks to a tailored six month diet and exercise，he is now 7kg lighter.
Borris，at his heaviest，was not alone.The worldwide rate of pet obesity(肥胖症) lies between 22% and 44%.The reasons are fairly predictable.Owners of overweight dogs feed them more snacks and table leftovers，are more likely to have their pets present as they prepare their own meals and are less likely to walk them daily.Owners of obese cats tend to use food as a reward and play with them less.
But obesity also seems to be occurring even in some wild animals that aren't being overfed or under exercised.If these findings are true，something else must be driving obesity and uncovering those could help solve our own problems with the condition.
“Labradors are consistently the headline act when it comes to overweight dogs，” says Eleanor Raffan，a veterinarian and geneticist.She and fellow researchers discovered that a genetic mutation(基因变异) present in around a quarter of Labradors was associated with obesity.For each copy of the mutation—which occurred in a gene called POMC—a dog was about 2kg heavier.Most of the animals the researchers studied had one copy of the mutation，but fewer had two.
“These are dogs always in the kitchen when owners are preparing food，sticking around scouring_a_titbit even if there's not much chance of getting food，or eating disgusting stuff on walks，” Raffan says.“But they're not doing that because it's fun.They're doing it because they're hungry.”
That's because POMC mutations disturb the brain's function of controlling food intake and energy consumption.As a result，the behaviour of these Labradors becomes very food motivated.
8．What is the function of mentioning Borris in the beginning
A．Stress obesity is common in pets.
B．Show people's love for pets.
C．Reveal pets have a superior lifestyle.
D．Indicate the need for pets to lose weight.
9．How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed
A．By listing figures. B．By giving examples.
C．By analyzing causes. D．By making comparisons.
10．Why are Labradors ranked first among obese dogs
A．They tend to be lazy by nature.
B．They all carry POMC genes.
C．Their owners often overfeed them.
D．Many of them have POMC mutations.
11．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in Paragraph 5
A．Look for something to eat.
B．Take up the kitchen.
C．Get something down.
D．Make up to their owners.
D
(2021·石家庄市高三年级阶段性训练题)
Yoga is an ancient physical and spiritual practice originating in India.The word “yoga” comes from Sanskrit(梵文) and means joining or uniting，symbolizing the union of the body and mind.Today it is practiced in various forms around the world and continues to grow in popularity.Recognizing its universal appeal，the United Nations declared 21 June as the International Day of Yoga in 2014 to raise awareness worldwide of the many benefits of practicing yoga.
Yoga is an invaluable gift from an ancient tradition.It's not just about exercise but a way to discover the sense of oneness，with yourself，nature and the world.There is no written record of who inventing yoga.Yoga practitioners(从业者) passed down the principles to their students.The earliest written record of yoga is generally believed to be written by Patanjali，an Indian master who lived somewhere between 2，000 and 2，500 years ago.
Various yoga types give you multiple choices.Hatha yoga is the most widely practiced type and is excellent for beginners.It is gentle with slow and smooth movements.Kundalini yoga combines a singing session besides body and mental control.Bikram yoga is practiced in a heated room.It is to loosen up muscles and to sweat to clean the body and remove symptoms of disease and pain.Ashtanga yoga is taught as a difficult workout where you move quickly from one gesture to another to build strength and patience.
In recent years，the World Health Organization has urged countries to help their citizens reduce physical inactivity，which is among the top ten leading causes of death worldwide，and a key risk factor for non?communicable diseases，such as cancer and diabetes.Yoga is a proper exercise.It is known for its ability to ease stress and anxiety.It may also help reduce several risk factors for heart diseases and promote a better sleep.
12．Why did the United Nations set the International Day of Yoga
A．To promote the research into Sanskrit.
B．To help people know more about India.
C．To popularize yoga practice worldwide.
D．To give a declaration on cultural diversity.
13．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The principles of yoga. B．The history of yoga.
C．The benefits of yoga. D．An Indian yoga master.
14．What will you choose if you're looking for a challenging exercise
A．Hatha yoga. B．Kundalini yoga.
C．Bikram yoga. D．Ashtanga yoga.
15．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Physical inactivity causes deadly diseases.
B．Yoga can help prevent communicable diseases.
C．Little or no exercise puts people's health at risk.
D．Yoga can be a cure for many kinds of diseases.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·烟台市高考诊断性测试)
The Slow Food Movement started in Rome，Italy in 1986.When a new McDonald's was opening near a beautiful historic place，some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted，“We do not want fast food，we want slow food！”
__1__ One day Carlo Petrini went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal.But the food didn't taste the same as he remembered.He learned that the peppers were shipped from abroad because the prices were low.This deeply concerned Carlo.
Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their culture special.So he started a group to encourage this idea.It soon became the Slow Food Movement.__2__
First，what is good food？Good food is fresh.The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown.The fish hasn't been sitting for days before it is eaten.Good food is seasonable.__3__ Good food satisfies the senses.It should look good，smell good and taste good.And finally，good food is cultural food.Each country has special foods that make it different.
Second，food should be clean.Today，there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food.Farmers use chemicals to kill insects and feed plants.But the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms.__4__ Clean food means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment.
And third，food should be fair.__5__ All people should be able to purchase healthy food.The people who grow and make food should be paid fairly for their work.They should work in safe，healthy conditions.
A．Food should not cost too much money.
B．Its goal is to have good，clean，fair food for all people.
C.Over time，they can cause health problems in people too.
D．That was how the Slow Food Movement came into being.
E．It should be grown at the best time of the year for that food.
F．Today the Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy.
G．This event wasn't the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·绵阳市高中第三次诊断性考试)
The first time I saw her，she looked messy and tired.She __1__ that she was in bad luck and complained about her __2__ life all the time.Listening to her，I felt like doing something to help.
After a few seconds，an idea __3__ to me.Knowing she believed in fate，I grabbed her hand and proposed to __4__ her palm.Beyond my expectation，she trembled and drew back her hand __5__，“No，absolutely not！”
“What's wrong？”I asked in __6__．
“20 years ago，a palmist said I had a bad fate，and I just began to be out of __7__ from then on.I was in love with a very good boy，but I couldn't believe I would be so lucky，so I __8__ escaped from him and married my present husband.And that was when my misfortune began.My husband is __9__．He often __10__me and even beats me sometimes！”
I interrupted her，took her hand，__11__ it and __12__ to shout in surprise，“My goodness，what a terrible palmist did you meet！You have a __13__ fate！After the age of 40，you will be in luck！”
“Really？” she asked，with surprise and __14__ in her eyes.“I'm 40 years old now.Are you sure everything will be better next year？”
“Sure.I have been __15__ palmistry(手相术)for more than 10 years.You can trust me，”I answered __16__．
Half a year later，when I saw her again，she looked so different that I didn't recognize her __17__．Wearing a smile and neatly dressed，she __18__ like a new penny.
The power of __19__ is amazing，and sometimes you just need to believe.So if you're at the bottom in your life，just keep telling yourself that everything will __20__ fine and wait for the miracle.
1．A.screamed B．announced
C．insisted D．whispered
2．A.colorful B．adventurous
C．extraordinary D．unfortunate
3．A.happened B．occurred
C．appealed D．referred
4．A.read B．look
C．touch D．examine
5．A.shyly B．slowly
C．angrily D．immediately
6．A.disappointment B．amusement
C．amazement D．excitement
7．A.job B．luck
C．date D．control
8．A.roughly B．gradually
C．finally D．hopefully
9．A.absent?minded B．hot?tempered
C．strong?willed D．kind?hearted
10．A.laughs at B．stares at
C．points at D．shouts at
11．A.spread B．bent
C．hung D．caught
12．A.pretended B．managed
C．determined D．continued
13．A.bad B．good
C．wrong D．right
14．A.sorrow B．regret
C．depression D．doubt
15．A.offering B．testing
C．studying D．playing
16．A.happily B．curiously
C．positively D．naturally
17．A.at first B．in all
C．on end D．for now
18．A.talked B．shone
C．behaved D．flew
19．A.fate B．love
C．belief D．knowledge
20．A.break out B．work out
C．find out D．clear out
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When the winter approaches，tanghulu，a traditional Chinese snack can be found on the street corner in northern China.Since ancient times，it 1.________(be) very popular with natives，especially children.
Tanghulu is 2.________(common) made of haws(山楂果)，which are rich in vitamin C and are known 3.________(have) traditional Chinese medicinal properties.According to a legend，in Song Dynasty，one of the emperor's 4.________(wife) was sick and had 5.________ poor appetite.The doctor suggested that she eat five to ten haws 6.________(boil) with sugar before each meal.She recovered within half a month.Later，the prescription was passed on 7.________ ordinary people.
People put haws on a stick，dipped them in hot sugar syrup(糖浆) and dried.The syrup finally turned into a solid coating，like the crystal on the surface of haws.That is 8.________ they are also called bingtanghulu.9.________origin story says that the very first tanghulu only had two haws—a small one on the top and a big one below，making it resemble a hulu，a bringer of good luck.
With sour haws and sweet sugar，the taste of tanghulu is a combination of flavors，which often 10.________(remind) people of their happy childhoods.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·东北三省四市高考模拟)
It is known that as the development of economy，a number of cars is increasingly growing in our daily life.Cars indeed had greatly improved our life and brought much convenience.Therefore，they also bring problems，among which the traffic accident is at the top of the list.What can we do to solve the problem effective？The best solution for their society is to obey the traffic regulations.For example，when we cross the street，we should go until the light turns green.Also，we should ride bikes on the bike lane.Besides，we should warn people not to looking at their mobile phone while they are riding or driving.Lots of traffic accidents can be avoided what if everyone obeys the traffic regulations.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·武汉市部分学校高三摸底检测)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Leslie写信询问有关中国“五四青年节”的情况。请你给他回信，介绍相关情况。内容包括：
1．青年的节日；
2．活动内容；
3．活动的意义。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Leslie，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
PAGE
17Unit 3 Celebration
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测)
Shanghai University of Sport(SUS)Invites Global Talents
The Physical Fitness teaching team is one of the excellent national?level course teaching teams at SUS.The main courses of this team are Theories and Methods of Healthy Fitness Assessment，Sports Prescription and Sports Health Management.The following positions are available for applicants worldwide.
Leading Expert
Qualifications：
*A Ph.D.degree or an MD degree from an accredited(官方认可的) institution is required.
*Applicants have productive research activities，including，but not limited to，publications，conference presentations，and copywriting.
Faculty Member
Qualifications：
*A Ph.D.degree or an MD degree from an accredited institution is required.
*Applicants have successful teaching experiences at the undergraduate and graduate level.
*Disciplines：Physical Health Monitoring，Fitness Assessment，Preventive Medicine，Statistics，Child Health，Nutrition and Food Safety，and Data Science.
Postdoc Fellowship
Qualifications：
*A Ph.D.degree from an accredited institution is obtained within the last three years；fresh graduates are given priority in consideration.
*The first author publications in peer?reviewed journals and a strong publication record are preferred.
*Strong communication and cooperation skills and an interest in working in an interdisciplinary environment are also required.
Research Assistant
Qualifications：
*An MD degree from an accredited institution is obtained within the last three years in sports rehabilitation(康复) medicine or closely related fields.
*Strong publications in top international journals(the first author) are preferred.
*Good hands?on skills and good English communication skills are required.
Please email all materials as a PDF file to Dr.Kailimi Li at likailimi@ sus.edu.en with the subject：the title of the position for which you are applying.Application deadline：December 31，2020 or until filled.
语篇解读： 文章介绍了上海体育学院体育健康教学团队需要招募人才的岗位及其条件。
1．Which position favors a recent graduate with a Ph.D.degree
A．Leading Expert. B．Faculty Member.
C．Postdoc Fellowship. D．Research Assistant.
C [考查细节理解。根据Postdoc Fellowship部分中的“A Ph.D.degree... in consideration”可知，只有Postdoc Fellowship这一岗位只招收近三年内取得博士学位的人，且优先考虑应届毕业生。由此可知，Postdoc Fellowship这一岗位偏爱刚毕业的博士生，故选C。]
2．Who is most likely to get the position of Faculty Member
A．A regular contributor to international journals.
B．A researcher in sports rehabilitation medicine.
C．A writer giving many conference presentations.
D．A professor teaching Nutrition and Food Safety.
D [考查细节理解。根据Faculty Member部分中的“teaching experiences” “Disciplines：Physical Health Monitoring...Nutrition and Food Safety，and Data Science”可知，教营养与食品安全课程的教授更有可能获得这个岗位，故选D。]
3．What is the common qualification required by all the positions
A．A degree from an accredited institution.
B．Communication and cooperation skills.
C．The first author publication record.
D．A good command of English.
A [考查细节理解。根据四个工作岗位所要求的条件中的第一个条件可以看出，四个工作岗位均需要申请人拥有经官方认可的机构颁发的学位。故选A。]
B
(2021·泰安市模拟)
On the last Monday in May，people in the United States celebrate Memorial Day.This federal holiday honors members of the American military who died at war.Schools and government offices close.Most people in the US have this day off from work.People celebrate Memorial Day with outdoor parades.
Most Americans consider it the start of summer though the season really begins in June.With so many people off work，Memorial Day has also become a popular shopping day.However，on most occasions Memorial Day is a serious and even sorrowful holiday.Those who have lost family members at war visit burial sites to decorate the graves.They place flowers，wreaths and US flags on the graves.
Memorial Day comes from a tradition that began after the American Civil War called Decoration Day.The Civil War was a very dark time in the US history.Historians have long thought that about 620，000 soldiers died in the fighting.However，new research suggests that the dead numbered about 750，000.
In 1868，about 5，000 people gathered at Arlington National Cemetery on the edge of Washington，D.C.They decorated more than 10，000 graves of Union and Confederate soldiers.They called it Decoration Day.
The tradition spread to other areas of the country.In 1873，New York State called it Memorial Day and was the first to make it a legal holiday.Other states followed，but not all.Some southern states had(and still have) separate celebrations that honor only dead Confederate soldiers.
After World War I ended in 1918，Memorial Day became a day to honor all American soldiers killed at war.In 1971，Congress passed a law making it an official federal holiday all over America.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日(Memorial Day)的演变史。
4．What's the purpose of Memorial Day in America
A．To mark the start of summer.
B．To let people enjoy themselves.
C．To show respect for dead soldiers.
D．To establish a holiday to encourage soldiers.
C [考查细节理解。根据第一段的“This federal holiday honors members of the American military who died at war”可知，设立美国阵亡将士纪念日的目的是表达对阵亡将士的尊敬。]
5．What's the atmosphere of American Memorial Day like on most occasions
A．Sad. B．Casual.
C．Pleasant. D．Relaxing.
A [考查细节理解。根据第二段的“However，on most occasions Memorial Day is a serious and even sorrowful holiday”可知，在大多数情况下，美国阵亡将士纪念日是一个严肃甚至悲伤的节日。]
6．When did Memorial Day become a legal holiday throughout the US
A.In 1971. B．In 1873.
C．In 1918. D．In 1868.
A [考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“In 1971，Congress passed a law making it an official federal holiday all over America”可知，1971年，美国国会通过了一项法律，正式将阵亡将士纪念日定为美国的联邦节日。]
7．What is the best title for the text
A．Celebration Activities of Memorial Day in the US
B．The Prospect of American Memorial Day
C．Members Honored on American Memorial Day
D．The Evolution of Memorial Day in the US
D [考查标题判断。通读全文可知，文章介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日的演变史，故D项作本文标题最佳。]
C
(2021·东北三省四市高考模拟)
Until last year，Borris would never turn down a pork steak.By the time his owner，Annemarie Formoy，entered him in the PDSA Pet Fit Club competition，he was 28kg—almost double his recommended weight.Thanks to a tailored six month diet and exercise，he is now 7kg lighter.
Borris，at his heaviest，was not alone.The worldwide rate of pet obesity(肥胖症) lies between 22% and 44%.The reasons are fairly predictable.Owners of overweight dogs feed them more snacks and table leftovers，are more likely to have their pets present as they prepare their own meals and are less likely to walk them daily.Owners of obese cats tend to use food as a reward and play with them less.
But obesity also seems to be occurring even in some wild animals that aren't being overfed or under exercised.If these findings are true，something else must be driving obesity and uncovering those could help solve our own problems with the condition.
“Labradors are consistently the headline act when it comes to overweight dogs，” says Eleanor Raffan，a veterinarian and geneticist.She and fellow researchers discovered that a genetic mutation(基因变异) present in around a quarter of Labradors was associated with obesity.For each copy of the mutation—which occurred in a gene called POMC—a dog was about 2kg heavier.Most of the animals the researchers studied had one copy of the mutation，but fewer had two.
“These are dogs always in the kitchen when owners are preparing food，sticking around scouring_a_titbit even if there's not much chance of getting food，or eating disgusting stuff on walks，” Raffan says.“But they're not doing that because it's fun.They're doing it because they're hungry.”
That's because POMC mutations disturb the brain's function of controlling food intake and energy consumption.As a result，the behaviour of these Labradors becomes very food motivated.
语篇解读： 全球宠物肥胖率在22%到44%之间，弄清楚宠物肥胖的原因对人类应对肥胖问题也很有启发。
8．What is the function of mentioning Borris in the beginning
A．Stress obesity is common in pets.
B．Show people's love for pets.
C．Reveal pets have a superior lifestyle.
D．Indicate the need for pets to lose weight.
A [考查推理判断。根据第一段内容可知，文章开头提及肥胖的Borris被其主人送去参加宠物健身俱乐部大赛以帮助其减肥，再结合第二段开头的“Borris，at his heaviest，was not alone”可知，Borris并不是个案，由此可推知文章第一段举Borris的例子的作用是强调宠物肥胖很常见。故选A。]
9．How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed
A．By listing figures. B．By giving examples.
C．By analyzing causes. D．By making comparisons.
C [考查写作手法。根据第二段内容，尤其是“The reasons are fairly predictable”可知，本段先指出全球宠物肥胖率在22%到44%之间，然后分析这一现象的原因。故选C。]
10．Why are Labradors ranked first among obese dogs
A．They tend to be lazy by nature.
B．They all carry POMC genes.
C．Their owners often overfeed them.
D．Many of them have POMC mutations.
D [考查细节理解。根据第四段内容可知，约有四分之一的拉布拉多犬体内的基因变异与肥胖相关。这种变异发生在名为POMC的基因中，该基因每发生一次变异，狗就会增重约2公斤。]
11．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in Paragraph 5
A．Look for something to eat.
B．Take up the kitchen.
C．Get something down.
D．Make up to their owners.
A [考查短语理解。根据倒数第二段内容可知，画线部分所在句是说：这些狗在主人准备食物的时候，经常待在厨房里，四处转悠着寻找吃的，即使没什么机会得到一口吃的，或者在路上捡一些令人作呕的东西吃。由此可知，画线部分的含义应是“寻找吃的”，故选A。]
D
(2021·石家庄市高三年级阶段性训练题)
Yoga is an ancient physical and spiritual practice originating in India.The word “yoga” comes from Sanskrit(梵文) and means joining or uniting，symbolizing the union of the body and mind.Today it is practiced in various forms around the world and continues to grow in popularity.Recognizing its universal appeal，the United Nations declared 21 June as the International Day of Yoga in 2014 to raise awareness worldwide of the many benefits of practicing yoga.
Yoga is an invaluable gift from an ancient tradition.It's not just about exercise but a way to discover the sense of oneness，with yourself，nature and the world.There is no written record of who inventing yoga.Yoga practitioners(从业者) passed down the principles to their students.The earliest written record of yoga is generally believed to be written by Patanjali，an Indian master who lived somewhere between 2，000 and 2，500 years ago.
Various yoga types give you multiple choices.Hatha yoga is the most widely practiced type and is excellent for beginners.It is gentle with slow and smooth movements.Kundalini yoga combines a singing session besides body and mental control.Bikram yoga is practiced in a heated room.It is to loosen up muscles and to sweat to clean the body and remove symptoms of disease and pain.Ashtanga yoga is taught as a difficult workout where you move quickly from one gesture to another to build strength and patience.
In recent years，the World Health Organization has urged countries to help their citizens reduce physical inactivity，which is among the top ten leading causes of death worldwide，and a key risk factor for non?communicable diseases，such as cancer and diabetes.Yoga is a proper exercise.It is known for its ability to ease stress and anxiety.It may also help reduce several risk factors for heart diseases and promote a better sleep.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文。瑜伽是起源于印度的一种古老的身体和精神练习。文章介绍了瑜伽的发展历程、作用及类型等。
12．Why did the United Nations set the International Day of Yoga
A．To promote the research into Sanskrit.
B．To help people know more about India.
C．To popularize yoga practice worldwide.
D．To give a declaration on cultural diversity.
C [考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句可知，联合国设立国际瑜伽日的目的是在全世界提高人们对练习瑜伽的好处的认识。故选C。]
13．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The principles of yoga. B．The history of yoga.
C．The benefits of yoga. D．An Indian yoga master.
B [考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“Yoga is an invaluable gift from an ancient tradition”“There is no written record of who inventing yoga”以及“The earliest written record of yoga”可知，第二段主要介绍了瑜伽的发展历程，故选B。]
14．What will you choose if you're looking for a challenging exercise
A．Hatha yoga. B．Kundalini yoga.
C．Bikram yoga. D．Ashtanga yoga.
D [考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句可知，Ashtanga瑜伽提供了一些高难度的动作以增强人的体力与忍耐力，故选D。]
15．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Physical inactivity causes deadly diseases.
B．Yoga can help prevent communicable diseases.
C．Little or no exercise puts people's health at risk.
D．Yoga can be a cure for many kinds of diseases.
C [考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“the World Health Organization has urged countries to...，and a key risk factor for non?communicable diseases”可知，“physical inactivity”(缺乏运动)是在全世界范围内导致死亡的十大主要原因之一，并且是非传染性疾病的一个关键风险因素。由此可以推断出，缺少运动或者不运动会危及人们的健康，故选C。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·烟台市高考诊断性测试)
The Slow Food Movement started in Rome，Italy in 1986.When a new McDonald's was opening near a beautiful historic place，some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted，“We do not want fast food，we want slow food！”
__1__ One day Carlo Petrini went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal.But the food didn't taste the same as he remembered.He learned that the peppers were shipped from abroad because the prices were low.This deeply concerned Carlo.
Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their culture special.So he started a group to encourage this idea.It soon became the Slow Food Movement.__2__
First，what is good food？Good food is fresh.The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown.The fish hasn't been sitting for days before it is eaten.Good food is seasonable.__3__ Good food satisfies the senses.It should look good，smell good and taste good.And finally，good food is cultural food.Each country has special foods that make it different.
Second，food should be clean.Today，there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food.Farmers use chemicals to kill insects and feed plants.But the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms.__4__ Clean food means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment.
And third，food should be fair.__5__ All people should be able to purchase healthy food.The people who grow and make food should be paid fairly for their work.They should work in safe，healthy conditions.
A．Food should not cost too much money.
B．Its goal is to have good，clean，fair food for all people.
C.Over time，they can cause health problems in people too.
D．That was how the Slow Food Movement came into being.
E．It should be grown at the best time of the year for that food.
F．Today the Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy.
G．This event wasn't the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了兴起于意大利的“慢食运动”及其目的。
1．G [上文提到当一家快餐店在历史名城罗马开业后，一些人坚决抵制而发起了“慢食运动”；下文是Carlo Petrini在餐馆尝出来自国外的辣椒的口感与传统的不同而集结了一群人并发起了“慢食运动”。所以空处应该是说除了前面提到的那件事，还有一件事促使“慢食运动”的兴起。故G项符合。]
2．B [本段说明Carlo Petrini发起了“慢食运动”，下面三段分层次说了食物应该质量优良、清洁和价格合理。故此空填B选项，说明该运动的目的是让人们有质量优良、清洁、价格合理的食物，且B选项与下文对应。]
3．E [空前说好的食物应该是合时令的。所以此空应该与食物生长的时令有关，故E项符合语境。]
4．C [空前说化学物质会损害农场周围的自然环境。下文说清洁的食物不会伤害人的身体或者环境。所以此空应该是说化学物质对人体也有伤害。]
5．A [空前说食物应该价格公道，空后说所有人应该都能买健康的食物。所以此空应该说食物不应该太昂贵。]
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·绵阳市高中第三次诊断性考试)
The first time I saw her，she looked messy and tired.She __1__ that she was in bad luck and complained about her __2__ life all the time.Listening to her，I felt like doing something to help.
After a few seconds，an idea __3__ to me.Knowing she believed in fate，I grabbed her hand and proposed to __4__ her palm.Beyond my expectation，she trembled and drew back her hand __5__，“No，absolutely not！”
“What's wrong？”I asked in __6__．
“20 years ago，a palmist said I had a bad fate，and I just began to be out of __7__ from then on.I was in love with a very good boy，but I couldn't believe I would be so lucky，so I __8__ escaped from him and married my present husband.And that was when my misfortune began.My husband is __9__．He often __10__me and even beats me sometimes！”
I interrupted her，took her hand，__11__ it and __12__ to shout in surprise，“My goodness，what a terrible palmist did you meet！You have a __13__ fate！After the age of 40，you will be in luck！”
“Really？” she asked，with surprise and __14__ in her eyes.“I'm 40 years old now.Are you sure everything will be better next year？”
“Sure.I have been __15__ palmistry(手相术)for more than 10 years.You can trust me，”I answered __16__．
Half a year later，when I saw her again，she looked so different that I didn't recognize her __17__．Wearing a smile and neatly dressed，she __18__ like a new penny.
The power of __19__ is amazing，and sometimes you just need to believe.So if you're at the bottom in your life，just keep telling yourself that everything will __20__ fine and wait for the miracle.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇记叙文。一位女士听信了20年前一个手相家告诉她的话——她的命运不好，从那时起，她的运气一直很糟糕。作者想做点什么帮助这位女士，于是向她说了一个善意的谎言——她40岁以后会有好运气，没想到这样的话对这位女士产生了积极的影响。由此作者悟出了一个重要的人生哲理：信念的力量很强大，它对人生有很大的影响。
1．A.screamed B．announced
C．insisted D．whispered
C [根据下文中的“she believed in fate”可知，这位女士对于命运深信不疑，因此她坚决认为(insisted)自己的运气不好。]
2．A.colorful B．adventurous
C．extraordinary D．unfortunate
D [根据上文中的“she was in bad luck”可知，这位女士一直抱怨自己不幸的生活。]
3．A.happened B．occurred
C．appealed D．referred
B [根据下文可知，作者想到一个帮助这位女士的主意。sth.happens to sb.“某事发生在某人身上”；occur to sb.“(主意或想法)被想到”；appeal to sb.“对某人有吸引力”；refer to sb.“提到某人”。]
4．A.read B．look
C．touch D．examine
A [根据语境可知，这位女士相信命运，所以作者打算给这位女士看手相。read sb.'s palm“看手相”。]
5．A.shyly B．slowly
C．angrily D．immediately
D [根据语境可知，作者本以为这位女士会让自己给她看手相，但出乎意料的是，这位女士颤抖着立即把手缩了回去。]
6．A.disappointment B．amusement
C．amazement D．excitement
C [根据上文中的“Beyond my expectation”可知，作者对于这位女士的做法感到惊奇(amazement)。]
7．A.job B．luck
C．date D．control
B [根据下文中的“And that was when my misfortune began”可知，这位女士说自从20年前一个看手相的人给她说她的命运不好之后，她就开始不走运。be out of luck“不走运”。]
8．A.roughly B．gradually
C．finally D．hopefully
C [根据本句中的“married my present husband”可知，这位女士最终离开了那个优秀的男孩。]
9．A.absent?minded B．hot?tempered
C．strong?willed D．kind?hearted
B [根据下文中的“even beats me sometimes”可知，这位女士的丈夫是一个脾气暴躁的人。absent?minded adj.“心不在焉的”；hot?tempered adj.“脾气暴躁的”；strong?willed adj.“意志坚强的”；kind?hearted adj.“仁慈的”。]
10．A.laughs at B．stares at
C．points at D．shouts at
D [本句and后的“even beats me sometimes”表示递进，因此本句and前讲的也是这位女士的丈夫脾气暴躁的表现，即常常骂她。shout“怒骂”符合语境。]
11．A.spread B．bent
C．hung D．caught
A [结合语境可知，作者是在给这位女士看手相，因此需要把她的手掌展开(spread)。]
12．A.pretended B．managed
C．determined D．continued
A [结合语境可知，作者并不懂手相术，这样做只是为了帮助这位女士，因此应是假装惊讶地喊道。]
13．A.bad B．good
C．wrong D．right
B [根据下文中的“After the age of 40，you will be in luck！”可知，作者告诉这位女士她的命运很好。]
14．A.sorrow B．regret
C．depression D．doubt
D [根据上文中的“Really？”可知，这位女士对作者说的话表示怀疑。]
15．A.offering B．testing
C．studying D．playing
C [根据下文中的“You can trust me”可知，作者为了让这位女士相信自己，骗这位女士说自己已经研究手相术十多年了。]
16．A.happily B．curiously
C．positively D．naturally
C [结合语境可知，作者为了让这位女士相信自己，给予了她肯定的回答。positively“肯定地”符合语境。]
17．A.at first B．in all
C．on end D．for now
A [根据本句中的“she looked so different”可知，半年之后，这位女士变化如此之大，作者起初(at first)竟没有认出她。in all“总共，总计”；on end“不断地，连续地”；for now“暂时，目前”。]
18．A.talked B．shone
C．behaved D．flew
B [根据本句中的“Wearing a smile”“neatly dressed”和“like a new penny”可知，这位女士精神焕发，shine“发光，放光”符合语境。]
19．A.fate B．love
C．belief D．knowledge
C [根据本句中的“you just need to believe”并结合语境可知，此处作者讲的是信念的力量。]
20．A.break out B．work out
C．find out D．clear out
B [结合本句中的“wait for the miracle”可知，当生活不如意的时候，要不断地告知自己一切都会好起来的。break out“爆发，突然开始”；work out“成功地发展”；find out“查明，弄清(情况)”；clear out“清理”。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When the winter approaches，tanghulu，a traditional Chinese snack can be found on the street corner in northern China.Since ancient times，it 1.________(be) very popular with natives，especially children.
Tanghulu is 2.________(common) made of haws(山楂果)，which are rich in vitamin C and are known 3.________(have) traditional Chinese medicinal properties.According to a legend，in Song Dynasty，one of the emperor's 4.________(wife) was sick and had 5.________ poor appetite.The doctor suggested that she eat five to ten haws 6.________(boil) with sugar before each meal.She recovered within half a month.Later，the prescription was passed on 7.________ ordinary people.
People put haws on a stick，dipped them in hot sugar syrup(糖浆) and dried.The syrup finally turned into a solid coating，like the crystal on the surface of haws.That is 8.________ they are also called bingtanghulu.9.________origin story says that the very first tanghulu only had two haws—a small one on the top and a big one below，making it resemble a hulu，a bringer of good luck.
With sour haws and sweet sugar，the taste of tanghulu is a combination of flavors，which often 10.________(remind) people of their happy childhoods.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了糖葫芦的起源、做法与味道等。
1．解析： 考查现在完成时。根据本句中的时间状语“Since ancient times”和语境可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has been。
答案： has been
2．解析： 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，应用副词形式，故填commonly。
答案： commonly
3．解析： 考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式短语“to have traditional Chinese medicinal properties”作主语补足语。
答案： to have
4．解析： 考查名词的单复数。根据空前的“one of”可知，这位皇帝的妻子不止一位，故空处要用可数名词复数形式。
答案： wives
5．解析： 考查冠词。此处表示“胃口不好”，且poor的发音以辅音音素开头，故应用“a poor appetite”表示，故要用不定冠词a。
答案： a
6．解析： 考查过去分词。该从句中已有谓语动词，故空处应用动词的非谓语形式，又空处与haws之间为逻辑上的动宾关系；故此处用过去分词短语“boiled with sugar”作其后置定语。
答案： boiled
7．解析： 考查介词。pass sth.on to sb.意为“把某物传给某人”，是固定用法，符合语境。
答案： to
8．解析： 考查表语从句。根据语境可知，“The syrup finally...on the surface of haws”与“they are also called bingtanghulu”之间存在因果关系，故此处用why引导表语从句。
答案： why
9．解析： 考查限定词。根据第二段第二句中的“a legend”并结合语境可知，此处在讲另一个有关糖葫芦起源的故事，故填限定词Another。
答案： Another
10．解析： 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“often”和句意可知，该从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时，且which引导的定语从句修饰先行词“a combination of flavors”，故该从句的谓语动词用单数形式，故填reminds。
答案： reminds
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·东北三省四市高考模拟)
It is known that as the development of economy，a number of cars is increasingly growing in our daily life.Cars indeed had greatly improved our life and brought much convenience.Therefore，they also bring problems，among which the traffic accident is at the top of the list.What can we do to solve the problem effective？The best solution for their society is to obey the traffic regulations.For example，when we cross the street，we should go until the light turns green.Also，we should ride bikes on the bike lane.Besides，we should warn people not to looking at their mobile phone while they are riding or driving.Lots of traffic accidents can be avoided what if everyone obeys the traffic regulations.
答案：
It is known that the development of economy， number of cars is increasingly growing in our daily life.Cars indeed greatly improved our life and brought much convenience.，they also bring problems，among which the traffic accident is at the top of the list.What can we do to solve the problem ？The best solution for society is to obey the traffic regulations.For example，when we cross the street，we should go until the light turns green.Also，we should ride bikes on the bike lane.Besides，we should warn people not to at their mobile while they are riding or driving.Lots of traffic accidents can be avoided if everyone obeys the traffic regulations.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·武汉市部分学校高三摸底检测)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Leslie写信询问有关中国“五四青年节”的情况。请你给他回信，介绍相关情况。内容包括：
1．青年的节日；
2．活动内容；
3．活动的意义。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Leslie，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Leslie，
I'm delighted to introduce Chinese Youth Day，the annual festival of Chinese youth on May 4th，when young people all over the country join in the fun.
A variety of activities will be held on campus，including sports matches，stage performances and speech contests，as well as awards ceremonies in honor of those excellent individuals and groups.The celebrations usually last a whole day.
Chinese Youth Day is in honor of the students' movement in 1919，which is much more than just a historical event.It reminds us young people of what we should bear on our shoulders and encourages us to inherit the bravery and loyalty.
I hope you can benefit a lot from my brief introduction.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
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