Unit 5 Rhythm
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟)
Teens' Activities：Take a Look at Some Books
Type 1：Read about a real person
Classic：The Little House on the Prairie series by Laura Ingalls Wilder offers a cool view of frontier life.But it might also make you think about how the Ingalls family and people they knew treated American Indians.
New：You might remember reading in KidzBuzz about Hilde Lysiak，a girl who started her own newspaper in her Pennsylvania town.Now，she's helping to write books about a young reporter like herself in the Hilde Cracks the Case series.
Type 2：Enter a new world
Classic：The Chronicles of Narnia series by C．S.Lewis is about brothers who find a strange land inside a cupboard and have adventures they could never have dreamed up.
New：The Hotel Between by Sean Easley tells the story of a boy named Cam who discovers a magical hotel with doors that open to countries all over the world.The hotel has many secrets，but it also teaches things Cam never thought he had learned!
Type 3：Get fears
Classic：Chances are your parents read R．L.Stine's Goosebumps series when they were younger.These scary stories are all about kids who find themselves fighting scary monsters and aliens.
New：Stitchers by Lorien Lawrence is the frightening tale about a girl named Quinn who knows there's something strange about her neighbors.Will she find the answer before they find her
Type 4：Manage issues like bullying(欺凌)
Classic：Blubber by Judy Blume tells the story of a girl who is bullied for being overweight，and the girls who could help but decide instead to join in.
New：Not all bullying happens by classmates at school.Alan Cole Is Not a Coward by Eric Bell is the story of a boy who has a secret and will do anything to keep his mean brother from spilling the beans.
1．Who is most likely to write real?life stories
A．Laura Ingalls Wilder. B．C.S.Lewis.
C．R.L.Stine. D．Judy Blume.
2．Which of the following belongs to a horrible series
A．Blubber.
B．The Chronicles of Narnia.
C．Goosebumps.
D．Little House on the Prairie.
3．What do the four types of books have in common
A．Each offers readers two choices.
B．Each tells readers a secret story.
C．Each classic book contains a series.
D．Each talks readers into buying one.
B
(2021·洛阳市高三第二次统一考试)
One winter，a fisherman—Jim Savage—was braving the freezing temperatures when he noticed a baby dolphin struggling to free herself from another fisherman's trap—the fishing net.Jim spoke to her and she calmed down as he cut her free from the net.Seeing she was too tired to swim away，he called the Wildlife Conservation Commission and they rescued the dolphin，named her Winter and took her to the center to get treatment.
Winter was placed in a holding tank and the team put a feeding tube in her throat.Soon，though，Winter learned how to eat from a bottle.But the net wrapped around Winter's tail had caused her tail to fall off piece by piece.Eventually all that was left was a flesh stump(残肢).Though Winter did eventually start to swim，she taught herself an entirely original way—to swing her tail stump from side to side like a fish.
She learned very well and learned how to trust and love the people who cared for her.And she made a new non human friend—Panama，another rescued dolphin.The two became lifelong friends，completely inseparable.
But the trainers were worried.Her original moving way prevented her from growing properly.Then Kevin Carroll，a dolphin lover and maker of prosthetic limbs(假肢) for people，stepped in.With a team of experts，vets，and trainers，Kevin developed a new tail for Winter.Winter was retrained to use the device to swim properly，and with lots of hard work she did it!
Word about the disabled dolphin got out and everyone could relate to the dolphin.Now she seems to be connected with everyone—from adults with prostheses to a little girl who didn't want to wear her hearing aid until she met Winter.
4．What made Winter calm down
A．The fishing net. B．Jim's words.
C．The rescue team. D．The new tail.
5．Why did Jim phone the Wildlife Conservation Commission
A．To cure the baby dolphin.
B．To deal with the fishing net.
C．To rescue the other fisherman.
D．To look at the baby dolphin.
6．What made the trainers worried
A．Winter's relationship with Panama.
B．Winter's popularity with visitors.
C．The effect of the damage on Winter.
D．Winter's moving style like other dolphins.
7．How would the author feel about the outcome of the event
A．It's beautiful. B．It's controversial.
C．It's humorous. D．It's discouraging.
C
(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)
Next time you find yourself tending to your flower garden，you may want to stay quiet.The flowers are listening.
Israeli scientists discovered that the plants hear bees approaching and attempt to lure them in with sweeter nectar(花蜜).In several experiments，they found that playing audio recordings of buzzing bees around certain flowers will cause the sugar concentration in the nectar to rise by about 20% in less than five minutes.Such a rapid reaction by plants to sound had never previously been reported.Just to make a comparison，the researchers also tried a higher frequency noise—like that made by a mosquito or a bat—and the flowers did not respond.
The authors pointed out that the behavior is actually in line with the natural order of things，considering that a plant's ability to sense its environment and respond to it is critical for its survival.So，it seems that plants have some sort of consciousness.
This is not the first time that plants have reacted to the sound around them.In a 2009 study，the researchers found that women's voices help make plants grow faster.In that experiment，tomato plants were found to grow two inches taller when they were tended to by a female gardener.
What if we told you that a potato chip bag left on the floor of a break room could listen in on office gossip？As people were talking around the potato chip bag，they were sending tiny sound vibrations(震动) into the air.Those vibrations then hit lifeless objects around the room.If you had a camera that was zoomed in on one of those objects extremely closely，in theory，you could actually see the object move along with the vibrations.You could then feed that video into a computer program that could translate the vibrations and you could play back the audio of the conversation that just took place.
So the next time you're at the botanical garden or in a grocery aisle，be careful what you say.Someone—or something—might be listening.
8．Which of the following best explains “lure” in Paragraph 2
A．Shut. B．Attract.
C．Trap. D．Lead.
9．What is vital for plants to survive
A．The soil they depend on to grow.
B．The audio recordings played to them.
C．The identification to the sound frequency.
D．The power to sense and react to the environment.
10．What can speed up the growth of plants
A．The women's voice.
B．The strength of the vibration.
C．The species of the young plant.
D．The number of the music played.
11．What is the main idea of the text
A.The frequency of vibrations determines plants' growth.
B．Sound vibrations can be processed into audio.
C．Buzzing bees can increase the production of nectar.
D．Plants or lifeless objects may have the ability to listen.
D
(2021·成都市高三第一次诊断性检测)
This morning we're going to head off down into the wetland，a very specific kind of wetland called the Prairie fen.
You can find Nate Fuller counting butterflies.The Sarett Nature Center needs an accurate count of Mitchell's satyr butterflies to help preserve one of their last known habitats.They're very particular about the kind of habitat where they can live，which is part of what makes them so rare and amazing indicators for our water quality.Today，Sarett expert Ashley Cole Wick with Michigan's Natural Features Inventory helps Fuller count.She says，“When I first started working on the butterfly in 2013，we had 18 populations and in 2019，we had 10.”
The Mitchell's satyr butterfly went on the endangered species list in 1991.Initially it was thought that loss of wetlands contributed to their decline.Fuller says，“It's not just habitat availability.The quantity and quality of groundwater coming into these wetlands seem to be a challenge for the butterfly.Nothing has all been sorted out exactly.” While the decline is likely a combination of factors，the fact that water quality might contribute is alarming because the wetlands are the headwaters for the Midwest's rivers and streams.
A captive breeding(人工繁殖) program was started four years ago at the Toledo Zoo to help get to the bottom of the mystery.Today Director Ryan Walsh who heads the program says it's been the only successful captive breeding program.The caterpillars(毛毛虫) spent the winter in a special weather control room that helped determine the Mitchell's satyrs don't do well below 4.4 degrees Celsius.With that knowledge，the program produced 1，300 new eggs，a development that may go a long way toward restoring the population.And if all goes well，may one day the Mitchell's satyr butterfly earn a ticket off the endangered species list.
12．What are the indicators for the water quality
A．The habitats. B．The butterflies.
C．The wetlands. D．The experts.
13．What is the main idea of the third paragraph
A．The importance of water quality.
B．Actions taken to protect the butterflies.
C．The reasons why the number of butterflies declines.
D．The natural conditions for the butterflies.
14．What does the underlined word “restoring” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean
A．Preserving. B．Increasing.
C．Recovering. D．Controlling.
15．What can we learn about the butterfly
A．It can easily be found.
B．It is not endangered now.
C．It will die above 4.4 degrees Celsius.
D．It can be bred by humans.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·惠州市高三第一次调研)
How do you wake up in the morning？If you set an alarm on your phone or clock that sounds like this：beep beep beep，that hard，unpleasant sound may be making it harder to shake off the sleepy feeling in the morning known as grogginess(昏昏沉沉).__1__？A recent study says yes.The answer is music.
Researchers say alarms that have a melody can help people feel fresher in the morning.The study，carried out by researchers in Australia，involved 50 people.They answered questions about the alarm sound they like to wake up to.__2__．
Sleep inertia(惯性) is another term for grogginess.__3__，and has trouble getting moving again after sleeping.People need to better understand sleep inertia's harmful effects on human performance later in the day.The grogginess we may feel in the morning usually lasts for up to 30 minutes，but some may last from two to four hours.Not everyone will experience the full effect.__4__，especially when they perform duties that require a top performance within this period or for people who work in dangerous situations shortly after they wake.So，what makes musical alarms better for waking up？__5__．
A．Possibly the different tones in it
B．Simply the single sound of “beeping”
C．So，is there a better way to wake up
D．So，what is a better way to wake up
E．But for those who do，care should be taken
F．It means a person has a heavy feeling when waking up
G．They also expressed how they feel about that sound and how they feel when they wake up
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·武汉市高中毕业生质量检测)
Last year，we moved home and I began my junior year of high school in New Orleans.My birthday was just a few days after my __1__．While I had a physical home，I felt __2__，and my thoughts went to children __3__ for shelter whose birthdays fell by the wayside.In an effort to find my place in my __4__ town，I set out to __5__ an organization of teenagers to hold __6__ birthday parties for children living in shelters.
The __7__ began and there would be a party each month.Getting the work off the ground __8__ our team effort.Every party was __9__ as there were many __10__ that had to be managed.Rolling up our sleeves，focusing on __11__，and connecting with each other，we made the business a great __12__．
Offering services to those in need teaches __13__ lessons often not taught in school.At one party，a little boy and his father came up to me and thanked me for __14__ what was the boy's first organized birthday party，I then thanked them for teaching me something too.The father，who lived in a shelter with his son，looked at me __15__ as if he was not worthy of teaching me anything.I __16__ that he taught me to have the __17__ to ask for help when needed.I will never __18__ the hug and the lesson he gave me.
Experiencing the smile of __19__ on the faces of homeless children who have never had a birthday party before is a(n) __20__ that will never fade.
1．A.survival B．arrival
C．graduation D．operation
2．A.happy B．lonely
C．upset D．lucky
3．A.preparing B．paying
C．searching D．struggling
4．A.new B．busy
C．small D．quiet
5．A.create B．visit
C．remind D．consult
6．A.daily B．weekly
C．monthly D．yearly
7．A.career B．contribution
C．project D．procedure
8．A.directed B．doubled
C．rewarded D．required
9．A.complex B．complete
C．typical D．troublesome
10．A.aspects B．dishes
C．targets D．emergencies
11．A.relationship B．friendship
C．details D．decorations
12．A.fortune B．difference
C．attempt D．success
13．A.speech B．life
C．education D．language
14．A.enjoying B．hosting
C．attending D．postponing
15．A.puzzled B．satisfied
C．shyly D．politely
16．A.whispered B．introduced
C．repeated D．explained
17．A.chance B．excuse
C．courage D．choice
18．A.reject B．forget
C．accept D．bear
19．A.relief B．bitterness
C．sadness D．delight
20．A.hope B．memory
C．mark D．affection
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·日照市高三第一次校际联合考试)
Across northern Africa，the desert is steadily growing.Dry lands are spreading.But a bold project known as the Great Green Wall aims to stop the 1.________(grow) of the desert.The ambitious program includes plans 2.________(help) protect and maintain resources and fight poverty.
Farmers are learning to care for their land and use water 3.________(wise).They are also planting millions of trees and crops.The Great Green Wall would cover 4.________ area more than 4，000 miles wide—from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east.
The Great Green Wall 5.________(approve) by the African Union in 2007.The program receives support from the United Nations，the World Bank，and other groups.
The Great Green Wall's trees provide a barrier 6.________ desert winds and help hold moisture(水分) in the air and soil，7.________(allow) crops to grow.In time，the richer soil will provide more land for animals to graze on.More resources will bring more jobs.“The goal is to create sustainable land management，”said Nora Berrahmouni，a forestry officer 8.________ works with the U．N.Food and Agriculture Organization.
Trees and crops have been planted in Senegal and Niger.An 9.________(add) benefit of the Great Green Wall is that countries in the region are sharing information about which programs work and which don't.Now，along with trees，10.________(idea) are taking root.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·兰州高三诊断考试)
At about 9 o'clock last night，I was busy prepare for my test when a loud noise came through next door.My neighbor watched the football game on TV and kept the sound so much high that I couldn't go on studying.I covered my ear with hands，buried my head in books，and even tried to recite English texts and it was no use.I became impatient and decided to explain my difficult even if he might turned a deaf ear.To his great surprise，after hearing what I said，my neighbor apologized and turned down the TV immediate.Everything was back normal and in 30 seconds，the problem is solved.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·合肥市高三调研)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim下个月要来你校参加友好学校交流活动。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．表示欢迎；
2．前去接机；
3．活动安排。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
17Unit 5 Rhythm
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟)
Teens' Activities：Take a Look at Some Books
Type 1：Read about a real person
Classic：The Little House on the Prairie series by Laura Ingalls Wilder offers a cool view of frontier life.But it might also make you think about how the Ingalls family and people they knew treated American Indians.
New：You might remember reading in KidzBuzz about Hilde Lysiak，a girl who started her own newspaper in her Pennsylvania town.Now，she's helping to write books about a young reporter like herself in the Hilde Cracks the Case series.
Type 2：Enter a new world
Classic：The Chronicles of Narnia series by C．S.Lewis is about brothers who find a strange land inside a cupboard and have adventures they could never have dreamed up.
New：The Hotel Between by Sean Easley tells the story of a boy named Cam who discovers a magical hotel with doors that open to countries all over the world.The hotel has many secrets，but it also teaches things Cam never thought he had learned!
Type 3：Get fears
Classic：Chances are your parents read R．L.Stine's Goosebumps series when they were younger.These scary stories are all about kids who find themselves fighting scary monsters and aliens.
New：Stitchers by Lorien Lawrence is the frightening tale about a girl named Quinn who knows there's something strange about her neighbors.Will she find the answer before they find her
Type 4：Manage issues like bullying(欺凌)
Classic：Blubber by Judy Blume tells the story of a girl who is bullied for being overweight，and the girls who could help but decide instead to join in.
New：Not all bullying happens by classmates at school.Alan Cole Is Not a Coward by Eric Bell is the story of a boy who has a secret and will do anything to keep his mean brother from spilling the beans.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了适合青少年阅读的四类书。
1．Who is most likely to write real?life stories
A．Laura Ingalls Wilder. B．C.S.Lewis.
C．R.L.Stine. D．Judy Blume.
A [考查细节理解。根据Type 1：Read about a real person部分的标题“Read about a real person”及第一段的第一句“Classic：The Little House on the Prairie series by Laura Ingalls Wilder offers a cool view of frontier life”可知，Laura Ingalls Wilder写的是真实的故事。故选A。]
2．Which of the following belongs to a horrible series
A．Blubber.
B．The Chronicles of Narnia.
C．Goosebumps.
D．Little House on the Prairie.
C [考查细节理解。根据Type 3：Get fears部分的第一段内容可知，R.L.Stine的《鸡皮疙瘩》系列故事是一些可怕的故事。故选C。]
3．What do the four types of books have in common
A．Each offers readers two choices.
B．Each tells readers a secret story.
C．Each classic book contains a series.
D．Each talks readers into buying one.
A [考查细节理解。通读全文可知，每种类型都有Classic和New两部分供读者选择。故选A。]
B
(2021·洛阳市高三第二次统一考试)
One winter，a fisherman—Jim Savage—was braving the freezing temperatures when he noticed a baby dolphin struggling to free herself from another fisherman's trap—the fishing net.Jim spoke to her and she calmed down as he cut her free from the net.Seeing she was too tired to swim away，he called the Wildlife Conservation Commission and they rescued the dolphin，named her Winter and took her to the center to get treatment.
Winter was placed in a holding tank and the team put a feeding tube in her throat.Soon，though，Winter learned how to eat from a bottle.But the net wrapped around Winter's tail had caused her tail to fall off piece by piece.Eventually all that was left was a flesh stump(残肢).Though Winter did eventually start to swim，she taught herself an entirely original way—to swing her tail stump from side to side like a fish.
She learned very well and learned how to trust and love the people who cared for her.And she made a new non human friend—Panama，another rescued dolphin.The two became lifelong friends，completely inseparable.
But the trainers were worried.Her original moving way prevented her from growing properly.Then Kevin Carroll，a dolphin lover and maker of prosthetic limbs(假肢) for people，stepped in.With a team of experts，vets，and trainers，Kevin developed a new tail for Winter.Winter was retrained to use the device to swim properly，and with lots of hard work she did it!
Word about the disabled dolphin got out and everyone could relate to the dolphin.Now she seems to be connected with everyone—from adults with prostheses to a little girl who didn't want to wear her hearing aid until she met Winter.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了渔夫Jim Savage和野生动物保护委员会以及其他人救助一只小海豚的故事。
4．What made Winter calm down
A．The fishing net. B．Jim's words.
C．The rescue team. D．The new tail.
B [考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Jim spoke to her and she calmed down as he cut her free from the net”可知，Jim的话让这只小海豚平静了下来，故选B。]
5．Why did Jim phone the Wildlife Conservation Commission
A．To cure the baby dolphin.
B．To deal with the fishing net.
C．To rescue the other fisherman.
D．To look at the baby dolphin.
D [考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Seeing she was too tired to swim away，he called the Wildlife Conservation Commission and they rescued the dolphin”可知，Jim看到这只小海豚太累不能游走，就给野生动物保护委员会打电话，他们随后救助了这只小海豚。由此可推知，他打电话是为了让他们来察看并救助这只小海豚，故选D。]
6．What made the trainers worried
A．Winter's relationship with Panama.
B．Winter's popularity with visitors.
C．The effect of the damage on Winter.
D．Winter's moving style like other dolphins.
C [考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“But the trainers were worried.Her original moving way prevented her from growing properly”可知，受伤对这只小海豚产生了很大的影响，这使训练员们很担忧，故选C。]
7．How would the author feel about the outcome of the event
A．It's beautiful. B．It's controversial.
C．It's humorous. D．It's discouraging.
A [考查推理判断。根据第四段最后一句表述的这只小海豚又能正常地游动了和最后一段中的“Now she seems to be connected with everyone”可推知，这个救助海豚的事件的后续发展是好的，因而作者应该会认为它的结果是美好的，故选A。]
C
(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)
Next time you find yourself tending to your flower garden，you may want to stay quiet.The flowers are listening.
Israeli scientists discovered that the plants hear bees approaching and attempt to lure them in with sweeter nectar(花蜜).In several experiments，they found that playing audio recordings of buzzing bees around certain flowers will cause the sugar concentration in the nectar to rise by about 20% in less than five minutes.Such a rapid reaction by plants to sound had never previously been reported.Just to make a comparison，the researchers also tried a higher frequency noise—like that made by a mosquito or a bat—and the flowers did not respond.
The authors pointed out that the behavior is actually in line with the natural order of things，considering that a plant's ability to sense its environment and respond to it is critical for its survival.So，it seems that plants have some sort of consciousness.
This is not the first time that plants have reacted to the sound around them.In a 2009 study，the researchers found that women's voices help make plants grow faster.In that experiment，tomato plants were found to grow two inches taller when they were tended to by a female gardener.
What if we told you that a potato chip bag left on the floor of a break room could listen in on office gossip？As people were talking around the potato chip bag，they were sending tiny sound vibrations(震动) into the air.Those vibrations then hit lifeless objects around the room.If you had a camera that was zoomed in on one of those objects extremely closely，in theory，you could actually see the object move along with the vibrations.You could then feed that video into a computer program that could translate the vibrations and you could play back the audio of the conversation that just took place.
So the next time you're at the botanical garden or in a grocery aisle，be careful what you say.Someone—or something—might be listening.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，植物会对周围的声音作出反应，而无生命的物体也会随声波的震动动起来。
8．Which of the following best explains “lure” in Paragraph 2
A．Shut. B．Attract.
C．Trap. D．Lead.
B [考查词义猜测。根据第二段第一句和语境可知，当植物听到蜜蜂靠近时，会试图用更甜的花蜜吸引它们，故选B“吸引”。]
9．What is vital for plants to survive
A．The soil they depend on to grow.
B．The audio recordings played to them.
C．The identification to the sound frequency.
D．The power to sense and react to the environment.
D [考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“a plant's ability to sense its environment and respond to it is critical for its survival”可知，D项“感知环境并对环境作出反应的能力”正确。]
10．What can speed up the growth of plants
A．The women's voice.
B．The strength of the vibration.
C．The species of the young plant.
D．The number of the music played.
A [考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“the researchers found that women's voices help make plants grow faster”可知A项正确。]
11．What is the main idea of the text
A.The frequency of vibrations determines plants' growth.
B．Sound vibrations can be processed into audio.
C．Buzzing bees can increase the production of nectar.
D．Plants or lifeless objects may have the ability to listen.
D [考查主旨大意。文章开头说植物听到蜜蜂靠近就会试图用更甜的花蜜来吸引它们，后面说薯片的包装袋可能会偷听办公室的闲聊，再结合文章最后一句“Someone—or something—might be listening”可知，这句话总结了全文大意，故选D项“植物或无生命物体可能有听的能力”。]
D
(2021·成都市高三第一次诊断性检测)
This morning we're going to head off down into the wetland，a very specific kind of wetland called the Prairie fen.
You can find Nate Fuller counting butterflies.The Sarett Nature Center needs an accurate count of Mitchell's satyr butterflies to help preserve one of their last known habitats.They're very particular about the kind of habitat where they can live，which is part of what makes them so rare and amazing indicators for our water quality.Today，Sarett expert Ashley Cole Wick with Michigan's Natural Features Inventory helps Fuller count.She says，“When I first started working on the butterfly in 2013，we had 18 populations and in 2019，we had 10.”
The Mitchell's satyr butterfly went on the endangered species list in 1991.Initially it was thought that loss of wetlands contributed to their decline.Fuller says，“It's not just habitat availability.The quantity and quality of groundwater coming into these wetlands seem to be a challenge for the butterfly.Nothing has all been sorted out exactly.” While the decline is likely a combination of factors，the fact that water quality might contribute is alarming because the wetlands are the headwaters for the Midwest's rivers and streams.
A captive breeding(人工繁殖) program was started four years ago at the Toledo Zoo to help get to the bottom of the mystery.Today Director Ryan Walsh who heads the program says it's been the only successful captive breeding program.The caterpillars(毛毛虫) spent the winter in a special weather control room that helped determine the Mitchell's satyrs don't do well below 4.4 degrees Celsius.With that knowledge，the program produced 1，300 new eggs，a development that may go a long way toward restoring the population.And if all goes well，may one day the Mitchell's satyr butterfly earn a ticket off the endangered species list.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文。最初人们认为湿地的丧失导致米切尔眼蝶数量减少，但专家经过研究发现，地下水的数量和质量似乎也是其数量减少的原因；研究人员于4年前开始了一个人工繁殖项目来探索其减少的原因，之后该项目培育出很多米切尔眼蝶虫卵，这样一来，米切尔眼蝶有望脱离濒危物种名单。
12．What are the indicators for the water quality
A．The habitats. B．The butterflies.
C．The wetlands. D．The experts.
B [考查细节理解。根据第二段第三句“They're very particular about...amazing indicators for our water quality”可知，米切尔眼蝶对自己栖息地的种类很挑剔，这使得它们如此稀少并成为水质的指标，故选B项。]
13．What is the main idea of the third paragraph
A．The importance of water quality.
B．Actions taken to protect the butterflies.
C．The reasons why the number of butterflies declines.
D．The natural conditions for the butterflies.
C [考查段落大意。根据第三段内容可知，最初人们认为湿地的丧失导致米切尔眼蝶的数量减少，但是Fuller认为不仅是湿地，地下水的数量和质量也是其减少的原因，由此可知，本段主要讲述米切尔眼蝶数量减少的原因，故选C项。]
14．What does the underlined word “restoring” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean
A．Preserving. B．Increasing.
C．Recovering. D．Controlling.
C [考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“the program produced 1，300 new eggs，a development that may go a long way”可知，人工繁殖项目产出1 300个新卵，又结合米切尔眼蝶是濒危物种可推知，这是恢复眼蝶数量的一个新的进展，故选C项。]
15．What can we learn about the butterfly
A．It can easily be found.
B．It is not endangered now.
C．It will die above 4.4 degrees Celsius.
D．It can be bred by humans.
D [考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句的内容和倒数第二句“With that knowledge，the program produced 1，300...the population”可知，米切尔眼蝶可以人工培育，故选D项。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·惠州市高三第一次调研)
How do you wake up in the morning？If you set an alarm on your phone or clock that sounds like this：beep beep beep，that hard，unpleasant sound may be making it harder to shake off the sleepy feeling in the morning known as grogginess(昏昏沉沉).__1__？A recent study says yes.The answer is music.
Researchers say alarms that have a melody can help people feel fresher in the morning.The study，carried out by researchers in Australia，involved 50 people.They answered questions about the alarm sound they like to wake up to.__2__．
Sleep inertia(惯性) is another term for grogginess.__3__，and has trouble getting moving again after sleeping.People need to better understand sleep inertia's harmful effects on human performance later in the day.The grogginess we may feel in the morning usually lasts for up to 30 minutes，but some may last from two to four hours.Not everyone will experience the full effect.__4__，especially when they perform duties that require a top performance within this period or for people who work in dangerous situations shortly after they wake.So，what makes musical alarms better for waking up？__5__．
A．Possibly the different tones in it
B．Simply the single sound of “beeping”
C．So，is there a better way to wake up
D．So，what is a better way to wake up
E．But for those who do，care should be taken
F．It means a person has a heavy feeling when waking up
G．They also expressed how they feel about that sound and how they feel when they wake up
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，更容易让人早上感到清醒的不是手机设置的令人讨厌的“嘟嘟”声，而是美妙的音乐声。
1．C [考查上下文衔接。根据下文“A recent study says yes.The answer is music”以及空后的问号可知，空处为一问句且为一般疑问句，内容承接上文提及的手机嘟嘟声难以让人甩掉早上昏昏沉沉的感觉的内容，故此处问的是有没有更好的叫醒方式，故C项正确。]
2．G [考查上下文衔接。由前一句“They answered questions about the alarm sound they like to wake up to”可知，参加研究者回答了关于他们想要醒来时伴随的铃声的问题。据此可以判断，与该句中的sound呼应，空处应说明他们还表达了自己对这种声音的感受以及醒来后的感受。故G项正确。]
3．F [考查上下文衔接。根据该句后半句“and has trouble getting moving again after sleeping”并结合语境可推知，此处应是解释什么是grogginess(昏昏沉沉)，故F项“它意味着在醒来时，人们会有沉重的感觉”与此处匹配。]
4．E [考查上下文衔接。上文提到不是所有人都会经历整个影响过程，结合下文可推断，空处讲述经历该过程的人应该如何应对。下文中的for people和E项中的for those相呼应，故E项正确。]
5．A [考查上下文衔接。根据空前的问句“So，what makes musical alarms better for waking up？”可知，空处应是回答该问题；结合上文和常识可知，音乐闹钟更适合唤醒可能是因为它有不同的音调，故选A。]
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·武汉市高中毕业生质量检测)
Last year，we moved home and I began my junior year of high school in New Orleans.My birthday was just a few days after my __1__．While I had a physical home，I felt __2__，and my thoughts went to children __3__ for shelter whose birthdays fell by the wayside.In an effort to find my place in my __4__ town，I set out to __5__ an organization of teenagers to hold __6__ birthday parties for children living in shelters.
The __7__ began and there would be a party each month.Getting the work off the ground __8__ our team effort.Every party was __9__ as there were many __10__ that had to be managed.Rolling up our sleeves，focusing on __11__，and connecting with each other，we made the business a great __12__．
Offering services to those in need teaches __13__ lessons often not taught in school.At one party，a little boy and his father came up to me and thanked me for __14__ what was the boy's first organized birthday party，I then thanked them for teaching me something too.The father，who lived in a shelter with his son，looked at me __15__ as if he was not worthy of teaching me anything.I __16__ that he taught me to have the __17__ to ask for help when needed.I will never __18__ the hug and the lesson he gave me.
Experiencing the smile of __19__ on the faces of homeless children who have never had a birthday party before is a(n) __20__ that will never fade.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”在搬到新奥尔良后，成立了一个青少年组织，每月为收容所里的孩子组织一次生日派对；一个小男孩和他的父亲为此感谢了“我”，“我”也感谢他们让“我”学到了人生重要的一课。
1．A.survival B．arrival
C．graduation D．operation
B [根据上文中的“we moved home”并结合该句可推知，“我”的生日是在到达新地方的几天后。B项意为“到达”，故B项正确。]
2．A.happy B．lonely
C．upset D．lucky
C [根据上文叙述的“我”搬了家并结合该句中的“While”以及下文中的“In an effort to find my place”，并结合常识可推知，尽管“我”有家，但是“我”感到沮丧(要去适应新地方)。]
3．A.preparing B．paying
C．searching D．struggling
D [根据该句中的“for shelter whose birthdays fell by the wayside”可知，这些孩子们艰难寻找住所，而不再庆祝生日。struggle for为固定搭配，意为“为……而努力”，故D项正确。]
4．A.new B．busy
C．small D．quiet
A [根据上文叙述的“我”搬了家可知，此处表示在“我”的新城镇。]
5．A.create B．visit
C．remind D．consult
A [根据空前的“In an effort to find my place”以及空后的“to hold ________ birthday parties for children living in shelters”可知，该处表示“我”开始创立一个青少年组织来为住在收容所里的孩子们举行生日派对。]
6．A.daily B．weekly
C．monthly D．yearly
C [根据第二段第一句中的“a party each month”可知，此处表示每个月举行一次生日派对。C项意为“每月一次的”，故C项正确。]
7．A.career B．contribution
C．project D．procedure
C [根据上文叙述的“我”创立了一个青少年组织，每个月为收容所里的孩子们举办一次生日派对，并结合该句可知，此处表示这一项目开始了。]
8．A.directed B．doubled
C．rewarded D．required
D [根据本段最后一句叙述的我们为生日派对所作的努力并结合常识可知，此处表示让工作顺利开始需要我们团队的共同努力。]
9．A.complex B．complete
C．typical D．troublesome
A [根据该句中的“there were many ________ that had to be managed”并结合常识可知，举行每场派对都有许多方面需要处理，所以每场派对都很复杂。A项意为“复杂的”，故A项正确。D项“令人烦恼的，讨厌的”不符合文章的感彩。]
10．A.aspects B．dishes
C．targets D．emergencies
A [参见上题解析。]
11．A.relationship B．friendship
C．details D．decorations
C [根据语境并结合常识可知，此处表示在组织生日派对的过程中，我们挽起袖子(干活)，关注细节，互相沟通，最终使派对取得了成功。]
12．A.fortune B．difference
C．attempt D．success
D [参见上题解析。]
13．A.speech B．life
C．education D．language
B [根据语境和下文叙述的“我”学到了当有需要时，要勇于求助的道理可推知，给需要的人提供服务教给了“我”在学校里经常没有被教的人生经验。]
14．A.enjoying B．hosting
C．attending D．postponing
B [根据第一段尾句中的“hold”并结合该句可知，“我”为一位小男孩举办了他第一次有组织的生日派对，这位小男孩和他的父亲因此走到“我”跟前来感谢“我”。]
15．A.puzzled B．satisfied
C．shyly D．politely
A [上文表述在小男孩和他的父亲感谢“我”后，“我”也感谢他们让“我”学到了一些东西；结合该句中的“as if he was not worthy of teaching me anything”可推知，小男孩的父亲困惑地看着“我”，好像他不配教“我”任何东西。]
16．A.whispered B．introduced
C．repeated D．explained
D [根据该句中的“that he taught me”并结合上文内容可知，“我”解释说他教会“我”当有需要时要勇于求助的道理。]
17．A.chance B．excuse
C．courage D．choice
C [参见上题解析。]
18．A.reject B．forget
C．accept D．bear
B [根据下文中的“that will never fade”和语境可知，“我”永远不会忘记他给“我”的拥抱和他给“我”的经验。]
19．A.relief B．bitterness
C．sadness D．delight
D [根据该句中的“the smile of”可知，该处指那些无家可归的孩子们脸上的喜悦的笑容。]
20．A.hope B．memory
C．mark D．affection
B [根据该句中的“that will never fade”和语境可推知，感受那些以前从未有过生日聚会的无家可归的孩子们脸上的喜悦的笑容是一段永远不会消逝的记忆。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·日照市高三第一次校际联合考试)
Across northern Africa，the desert is steadily growing.Dry lands are spreading.But a bold project known as the Great Green Wall aims to stop the 1.________(grow) of the desert.The ambitious program includes plans 2.________(help) protect and maintain resources and fight poverty.
Farmers are learning to care for their land and use water 3.________(wise).They are also planting millions of trees and crops.The Great Green Wall would cover 4.________ area more than 4，000 miles wide—from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east.
The Great Green Wall 5.________(approve) by the African Union in 2007.The program receives support from the United Nations，the World Bank，and other groups.
The Great Green Wall's trees provide a barrier 6.________ desert winds and help hold moisture(水分) in the air and soil，7.________(allow) crops to grow.In time，the richer soil will provide more land for animals to graze on.More resources will bring more jobs.“The goal is to create sustainable land management，”said Nora Berrahmouni，a forestry officer 8.________ works with the U．N.Food and Agriculture Organization.
Trees and crops have been planted in Senegal and Niger.An 9.________(add) benefit of the Great Green Wall is that countries in the region are sharing information about which programs work and which don't.Now，along with trees，10.________(idea) are taking root.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文。北非沙漠化逐年严重。为了阻止沙漠化进一步恶化，一个名为非洲绿色长城的计划开始启动。本文介绍了此计划的相关内容。
1．解析： 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处为名词，被定冠词the和介词短语of the desert修饰，所以填growth。
答案： growth
2．解析： 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词形式，又根据语境可知，此处应用不定式短语作plans的后置定语，所以填to help。
答案： to help
3．解析： 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为副词形式，修饰动词use，作状语，所以填wisely。
答案： wisely
4．解析： 考查冠词。area此处作“地区，地域”讲为可数名词，在文中第一次出现，表泛指，又area的发音以元音音素开头，所以填不定冠词an。
答案： an
5．解析： 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处应为句子的谓语，且和句子主语The Great Green Wall构成被动关系，应用被动语态；又由时间状语in 2007可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语为单数，所以填was approved。
答案： was approved
6．解析： 考查介词。根据语境可知，空处表达“防，抗”的含义，所以填against。
答案： against
7．解析： 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为非谓语动词，和句子主语The Great Green Wall's trees构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式allowing。
答案： allowing
8．解析： 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰指人的先行词a forestry officer，所以填who/that。
答案： who/that
9．解析： 考查形容词。空处修饰名词benefit，所以填形容词added“额外的”。
答案： added
10．解析： 考查名词单复数。此处idea为可数名词，在句子中作主语，且和谓语动词的复数形式are呼应，应用名词复数形式，所以填ideas。
答案： ideas
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·兰州高三诊断考试)
At about 9 o'clock last night，I was busy prepare for my test when a loud noise came through next door.My neighbor watched the football game on TV and kept the sound so much high that I couldn't go on studying.I covered my ear with hands，buried my head in books，and even tried to recite English texts and it was no use.I became impatient and decided to explain my difficult even if he might turned a deaf ear.To his great surprise，after hearing what I said，my neighbor apologized and turned down the TV immediate.Everything was back normal and in 30 seconds，the problem is solved.
答案：
At about 9 o'clock last night，I was busy for my test when a loud noise came through next door.My neighbor watched the football game on TV and kept the sound so high that I couldn't go on studying.I covered my with hands，buried my head in books，and even tried to recite English texts it was no use.I became impatient and decided to explain my even if he might a deaf ear.To great surprise，after hearing what I said，my neighbor apologized and turned down the TV ．Everything was back normal and in 30 seconds，the problem solved.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·合肥市高三调研)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim下个月要来你校参加友好学校交流活动。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．表示欢迎；
2．前去接机；
3．活动安排。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Jim，
I am more than delighted to know that you will come to our school to take part in the communication activity next month.
The activity is arranged as follows.You will get a warm welcome upon arrival.Next，since we know you can speak Chinese，you will have a Chinese class with us，through which you may develop a greater interest in Chinese language.Then you will be taught how to make Chinese paper cuttings to have a taste of Chinese traditional culture.At last，a party will be held for you and us to share ideas in a relaxing atmosphere and have fun.
I am sure that this activity will impress you.Let me know when you come and I'll meet you at the airport.
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
17
