Unit 11 The Media
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·湖南省名校联盟高三联考)
Kings Camps
About Our Camps
Kings Camps is part of the Kings Active Foundation and is devoted to helping young people reach their potential.We provide sports camps and summer camps at over 40 places across the UK for children aged 4—17.We bring together the very best aspects of sports and holiday clubs to provide friendship，fun and exciting adventures for young people from the UK and around the world.
Why Choose Kings Camps
※Innovative，inspiring camps：We have a strong belief that sport has an important role to play in a happy childhood and our not for profit status enables us to provide some places and invest in new and creative ways to inspire.
※Learn important life skills：Kings Camps equip children with important life skills and an understanding that being active is vital to health and well being.
※International students are welcome：We welcome children from outside of the UK who will make friends here by communicating with kids from different backgrounds，but we do request that they at least understand English to guarantee their safety and that of others，and of course their enjoyment.
Comments
Ryan has enjoyed every aspect.When we've asked about his day，he's said it was “amazing and fantastic”．All the staff are extremely friendly，enthusiastic and have a true belief in what they are doing.
—Tracy Lee
Fantastic & friendly staff！It's an action packed week of multiple sports.My sweetheart made new friends，overcame swimming fears & came away more confident too！I cannot recommend it enough!
—Kay Court
1．What does Kings Camps aim to do
A．Combine sports and holiday clubs.
B．Get kids to play outdoors.
C．Provide adventurous and challenging camps.
D．Encourage kids to develop their potential.
2．What is necessary for international students
A．Awareness of safety.
B．Love for diversity.
C．Basic English ability.
D．Good communicating skills.
3．Who probably made the comments
A．Parents. B．Teachers.
C．Campers. D．Staff.
B
(2021·广州市综合检测二)
Special boxes lie at the bottom of my locked filing cabinet.Deposited there are important letters and cards collected throughout my life，from my grandparents，school friends，parents，wife and son.Since the invention of e?mail though，they've been few and far between.
Tonight is New Year's Eve 2029 and there's a very special box of letters I want to look at.But first there's something I have to do—The Ritual(惯例).
I go to my trusted computer and start.I begin to type：Dear.I leave the name blank for now，anticipating the thrill of typing it in.“I hope you are well and I wonder what your life is like.Are you still planning to move to that villa in Portugal？Did your son marry Fiona？Is your mother still alive？”Questions surge into my mind.
For the next two hours I sit writing—about what I've been doing for the last year，my failing health，my increasing wealth and my sometime difficult marriage；then about my goals and ambitions.Will he be interested？Do I climb Mt.Kilimanjaro？Do I get that novel published？The one that's been rejected more times than I care to think about.
Finally，it's finished at 11：30 pm.I fill in the recipient's name，print my letter，sign and address it and then seal it up with tape.I then delete the document and empty the trash folder—to avoid the possibility of temptation.That completes the ritual!
I walk over to my “special box”．It contains ten long，white，thick envelopes，all with the same handwriting.I place the one I have just written in at the back and take the one out at the front.It's dated 2019，and labelled “to be opened on 31 st December，2029 ”．
The cycle is finally complete！I open it，trembling with anticipation.I begin to read，tearing up a little as I do so.Throughout the last ten long，eventful years，of life，death，joy and heartbreak，it has been waiting patiently in this box for me，though I now have no memory of ever having written it.
4．Why does the author receive fewer “important letters” these days
A．He has moved from his original address.
B．He is rarely in contact with his friends and family.
C．People communicate with each other less often than before.
D.Electronic communication has largely replaced physical letters.
5．Who does the underlined word “he” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The author himself.
B．The author's son.
C．The author's school friend.
D．The author's book publisher.
6．Why does the author delete the completed letter from his computer
A．So that no one else will be able to read it.
B．So that he won't read it ahead of schedule.
C．Because he decides at last not to send it.
D．Because he wants to forget what has happened.
7．How does the author feel as he is about to open his special letter
A．Relieved. B．Moved.
C．Excited. D．Afraid.
C
(2021·山东省淄博市高三第二次检测)
You've probably heard that brick and mortar retail(实体零售) is in trouble.Even industry giants are closing hundreds of stores.Given retail's gradual change from physical stores to mobile and e commerce(电子商务)，you may be wondering，“What will retail look like in the future？”Nobody knows.But here are a few things you can expect to see based on current technology.
Ultra fast delivery is coming.Today，the normal practice is two day delivery.But if you've been paying attention，you know that's changing.In fact，up to 25% of consumers said that they would abandon their orders if one day delivery wasn't available.Of course，that's just the beginning.Two hour delivery is coming in the foreseeable future，and Amazon has already been trying 30 minute delivery.
Your kitchen will resupply itself.You won't have to worry about running out of essentials like coffee，pet food or snacks because your containers will sense stocks(库存) and replace those items without you having to lift a finger.No more waking up to find your coffee store is empty or last minute rush to the grocery store because you forget to buy pet food.
Know exactly what's in stock and where to get it.Have you ever gone to a store hoping to buy something，only to learn that it was out of stock？A new feature from Google Home allows people to ask the Google Assistant to find in stock products at the closest store.For example：“Google，where can I find the Nintendo Switch console？” The assistant will tell you how many stores have it right away and how close they are.Of course，it isn't currently available for all stores in all locations，but you can already see the future when it has become standard.
Convenience，experience，and options—retail will take on a new look.
8．How does the author develop the passage
A．By asking and answering.
B．By clarifying and describing.
C．By analyzing and commenting.
D．By comparing and concluding.
9．What can we know from Paragraph 2
A．Consumers can't get their orders in one day now.
B．It is possible to deliver goods within two hours in the future.
C．The delivery will be in two days in the future.
D．Super fast delivery has widely been used now.
10．According to the passage，what will happen in the future
A．Retail will disappear gradually.
B．Industrial giants will rule the whole retail trade.
C．Shopping will be more convenient and effective.
D.People will ask the Google Assistant to purchase goods.
11．What's the best title for the passage
A．What Will Retail Be Like in the Future
B．How Will New Technology Change the World
C．How Will We Run the Retail Trade in the Future
D．What Benefits Will High tech Bring in the Future
D
(2021·滨州市名校联合第三次质量检测)
Although social media allow us to become more connected to other people than at any time in history，a new study suggests that many Americans feel lonelier than ever before，which is weakening the nation's mental and physical health.
The study conducted by the health insurer Cigna，found widespread loneliness，with nearly half of Americans reporting they feel alone，or left out at least some of the time.The nation's 75 million millennials(ages 23—37) and Generation Z adults(ages 18—22) are lonelier than older generations.Besides，54% of people surveyed said they feel no one knows them well，and four in 10 reported they “lack companionship”，their “relationships aren't meaningful” and they “are isolated(孤立的) from others”．
Douglas Nemecek，MD，Cigna's chief medical officer for Behavioral Health，said the findings of the study suggest that the problem has become common，equaling the risks caused by tobacco and the nation's ever expanding waistline.“Loneliness has the same influence on health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day，while obesity(肥胖) less than 10 cigarettes a day，” he said in releasing the report.
Nemecek's comments tallied_with those of other leading public health specialists，including former Surgeon General Vivek H．Murthy，MD，who said loneliness should be targeted in public health campaigns like those designed to fight against smoking and obesity.“During my years caring for patients，the worst disease I saw was not heart disease or diabetes；it was loneliness，” Murthy said in a recent cover story in the Harvard Business Review.
The new report，produced in Cigna's partnership with the polling company Ipsos，is based on an online survey of more than 20，000 US adults using the well regarded UCLA Loneliness Scale to see how widespread loneliness is in America.
12．What does the study conducted by Cigna find
A．Older Americans feel much lonelier.
B．Social media do people more harm than good.
C．People become more connected to each other.
D.Social media increase levels of Americans' loneliness.
13．Which opinion might Douglas Nemecek support
A．Loneliness is not so harmful as smoking.
B．Loneliness is taken seriously by the public.
C．Loneliness is more dangerous than obesity.
D．Loneliness is targeted in public health campaigns.
14．What does the underlined phrase “tallied with” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Agreed with. B．Varied with.
C．Contradicted. D．Inspired.
15．What is the purpose of the text
A．To discuss health problems.
B．To present findings of a recent study.
C．To warn people about social media use.
D．To show threats to Americans' health.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·山东省实验中学高三模拟)
My dad passed away yesterday and I am processing everything.It's hard to try and find positivity in my pain，but my dad taught me so much when he was healthy，and when he wasn't.I wanted to share some of the lessons.
Be on the phone less.This one seems strange but in his final moments I was all in，no checking my phone because it really didn't matter.__1__ This was a moment I needed to remember and I would have regretted it if I was distracted in this part of his journey.
__2__ Sometimes we need people to lean on.My mom and dad needed a lot of help.I needed a lot of help.We were surrounded by people willing to help us and instead of shutting them out like we've done in the past，we let them in and it was exactly what we needed.
Not everyone will understand your experience.__3__ Just knowing people are here for us means a lot，but I also know that no one will fully understand my experience and that's okay as we are all different.
Family is not necessarily the people who brought you into this world.I am adopted and I know we chose each other.__4__ I also loved my father very much.
There's nothing more important than being with the ones you love.I was able to hold my Dad when he took his last breath.My mom and I made sure that my dad knew he was loved through this journey.__5__ Everything else is secondary.
A．All that mattered was him.
B．Love is what truly matters.
C．Surround yourself with a support system.
D．And my father loved me more than anyone on this earth.
E．It's okay not to understand the reason for everything.
F．Really，we can handle more than we ever thought possible.
G．This was a long and hard journey for my mom and me and all of those who care about us.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·江西省五校协作体高三模拟)
Brooke Ochoa was going to enter a restaurant for lunch when she saw an elderly lady approaching.The 30 year old woman __1__ to keep the door open for her.She thought she was just doing something __2__．She didn't know，however，that a remark(评论) that the lady would make a few seconds later would __3__ a chain of events that would cause her to get countless likes on her post and __4__ on social media suddenly.As Brooke entered the restaurant，she __5__ the elderly lady asking for “a table for one”．Then she decided to do one more act of __6__．Brooke walked up to the lady's __7__ and asked，“I also __8__ alone，would you like to have lunch together”．
The lady，named Dolores，not only accepted Brooke's __9__，but she was very pleased to have __10__．The two __11__ up an instant friendship during their meal.
Dolores told Brooke that she'd been having a __12__ time.“She spent the last decade living with her mom，who recently passed away，” Brooke wrote in a later post about the encounter.“She just kept smiling and saying‘thank you for listening to me’，which made me __13__ too！” Brooke and Dolores enjoyed their conversation so much that they __14__ to have lunch with each other every Thursday from that point on.In a later __15__，not long after their first meeting，Brooke __16__ that Dolores had passed away.
If nothing else，this chance __17__ is evidence that the smallest __18__ of goodwill can quite exactly change a life.Neither of the two women knew that Dolores's days on earth were so __19__，but they found __20__ in each other，and that's what matters.
1．A.hesitated B．waited
C．competed D．pretended
2．A.polite B．honest
C．wise D．foolish
3．A.ignore B．report
C．remove D．produce
4．A.take off B．set off
C．leave off D．cut off
5．A.realized B．felt
C．insisted D．overheard
6．A.weakness B．kindness
C．friendship D．encouragement
7．A.car B．counter
C．door D．table
8．A.struggle B．defend
C．eat D．post
9．A.bow B．care
C．effort D．offer
10．A.company B．friction
C．adjustment D．permission
11．A.turned B．built
C．threw D．put
12．A.pleasant B．short
C．tough D．lucky
13．A.sob B．panic
C．listen D．smile
14．A.seemed B．refused
C．agreed D．remained
15．A.update B．purchase
C．absence D．praise
16．A.approved B．told
C．analyzed D．committed
17．A.complaint B．argument
C．conversation D．appointment
18．A.strength B．act
C．competence D．fault
19．A.limited B．rich
C．long D．poor
20．A.success B．reality
C．comfort D．equality
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·广州高三调研)
We all know clean water is important for good health.But now we also know we should watch 1.________ we keep our water in.Plastic bottles hardened with a dangerous material 2.________(call) BPA can release a chemical into our water that harms our bodies.Since 2011，many countries 3.________(ban) plastic with BPA from use in food containers and feeding bottles.But are other non BPA plastics safe
Plastic labeled BPA free might use other chemicals that have 4.________(harm) effects on health.5.________(study) have shown that low levels of those chemicals might have the same effects as BPA.So，what should people do？The 6.________(good) material to drink from is glass，7.________ has no chemicals that can poison water.
Another good choice 8.________ a water container is a stainless steel(不锈钢) bottle.Stainless steel bottles are better than aluminum(铝) bottles，which are covered with thin plastic 9.________(protect) the metal from acids(酸).There are many good food grade stainless steel water bottles on the market.
If you do decide to use a reusable plastic water bottle，avoid 10.________(keep) it in the sun.Sunlight and hot liquid speed up the release of chemicals into your drinking water.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·广州高三调研)
Last week，I quarrel with my parents about spending too much time in my cellphone.I felt exhausting that day，and became very angry even though they talked to me in a friend way.
I now feel ashamed and am writing with this article to apologize.There are people in the world I value，such as teacher and friends.Moreover，the most important people to me is my parents.It is them who raise me and give me a happy life.I want them to know that I'm deeply sorry and will try to be good person and make them proud.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·郑州高三第一次调研)
假定你是李华，在你校学习汉语的美国交换生Peter发邮件说他想参加你校即将举办的中华经典文学作品朗诵比赛(Chinese Classical Literature Recitation Contest)，但不知如何准备，请根据以下要点用英语给他回复，要点包括：
1．推荐朗诵内容；
2．介绍朗诵技巧；
3．告知注意事项；
4．预祝比赛成功。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
PAGE
17Unit 11 The Media
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·湖南省名校联盟高三联考)
Kings Camps
About Our Camps
Kings Camps is part of the Kings Active Foundation and is devoted to helping young people reach their potential.We provide sports camps and summer camps at over 40 places across the UK for children aged 4—17.We bring together the very best aspects of sports and holiday clubs to provide friendship，fun and exciting adventures for young people from the UK and around the world.
Why Choose Kings Camps
※Innovative，inspiring camps：We have a strong belief that sport has an important role to play in a happy childhood and our not for profit status enables us to provide some places and invest in new and creative ways to inspire.
※Learn important life skills：Kings Camps equip children with important life skills and an understanding that being active is vital to health and well being.
※International students are welcome：We welcome children from outside of the UK who will make friends here by communicating with kids from different backgrounds，but we do request that they at least understand English to guarantee their safety and that of others，and of course their enjoyment.
Comments
Ryan has enjoyed every aspect.When we've asked about his day，he's said it was “amazing and fantastic”．All the staff are extremely friendly，enthusiastic and have a true belief in what they are doing.
—Tracy Lee
Fantastic & friendly staff！It's an action packed week of multiple sports.My sweetheart made new friends，overcame swimming fears & came away more confident too！I cannot recommend it enough!
—Kay Court
语篇解读： 本文是一篇应用文。介绍了与Kings Camps有关的信息，包括概况、宗旨、家长评价等。
1．What does Kings Camps aim to do
A．Combine sports and holiday clubs.
B．Get kids to play outdoors.
C．Provide adventurous and challenging camps.
D．Encourage kids to develop their potential.
D [考查细节理解。根据About Our Camps部分中的“Kings Camps is part of the Kings Active Foundation and is devoted to helping young people reach their potential”可知，Kings Camps旨在帮助孩子们开发自己的潜能。]
2．What is necessary for international students
A．Awareness of safety.
B．Love for diversity.
C．Basic English ability.
D．Good communicating skills.
C [考查细节理解。根据International students are welcome部分的内容可知，外国学生至少应该能够理解英语这门语言，以保证人身安全，并享受野营带来的快乐。故C项正确。]
3．Who probably made the comments
A．Parents. B．Teachers.
C．Campers. D．Staff.
A [考查推理判断。根据Comments部分的内容“we've asked about his day”“My sweetheart”等可以推知，这些评论应该是参加Kings Camps的孩子的家长发的。]
B
(2021·广州市综合检测二)
Special boxes lie at the bottom of my locked filing cabinet.Deposited there are important letters and cards collected throughout my life，from my grandparents，school friends，parents，wife and son.Since the invention of e?mail though，they've been few and far between.
Tonight is New Year's Eve 2029 and there's a very special box of letters I want to look at.But first there's something I have to do—The Ritual(惯例).
I go to my trusted computer and start.I begin to type：Dear.I leave the name blank for now，anticipating the thrill of typing it in.“I hope you are well and I wonder what your life is like.Are you still planning to move to that villa in Portugal？Did your son marry Fiona？Is your mother still alive？”Questions surge into my mind.
For the next two hours I sit writing—about what I've been doing for the last year，my failing health，my increasing wealth and my sometime difficult marriage；then about my goals and ambitions.Will he be interested？Do I climb Mt.Kilimanjaro？Do I get that novel published？The one that's been rejected more times than I care to think about.
Finally，it's finished at 11：30 pm.I fill in the recipient's name，print my letter，sign and address it and then seal it up with tape.I then delete the document and empty the trash folder—to avoid the possibility of temptation.That completes the ritual!
I walk over to my “special box”．It contains ten long，white，thick envelopes，all with the same handwriting.I place the one I have just written in at the back and take the one out at the front.It's dated 2019，and labelled “to be opened on 31 st December，2029 ”．
The cycle is finally complete！I open it，trembling with anticipation.I begin to read，tearing up a little as I do so.Throughout the last ten long，eventful years，of life，death，joy and heartbreak，it has been waiting patiently in this box for me，though I now have no memory of ever having written it.
语篇解读： 在2029年的除夕，在阅读自己2019年写给自己的信之前，“我”必须给未来的自己再写一封信。在信中，“我”写到了健康、财富、婚姻等，写完后，“我”阅读了2019年写给自己的信……
4．Why does the author receive fewer “important letters” these days
A．He has moved from his original address.
B．He is rarely in contact with his friends and family.
C．People communicate with each other less often than before.
D.Electronic communication has largely replaced physical letters.
D [考查细节理解。根据第一段尾句“Since the invention of e?mail though，they've been few and far between”可知，由于电子邮件的发明，作者收到的信件少了，故D项正确。]
5．Who does the underlined word “he” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The author himself.
B．The author's son.
C．The author's school friend.
D．The author's book publisher.
A [考查代词指代。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段中的“though I now have no memory of ever having written”可推知，作者是在给未来的自己写信，该句中的he指作者自己，故A项正确。]
6．Why does the author delete the completed letter from his computer
A．So that no one else will be able to read it.
B．So that he won't read it ahead of schedule.
C．Because he decides at last not to send it.
D．Because he wants to forget what has happened.
B [考查推理判断。根据第五段第三句“I then delete the document and empty the trash folder—to avoid the possibility of temptation”可知，作者删除了文件并清空了垃圾文件夹以避免可能的诱惑；结合下文中作者阅读2019年写给自己的信可以推断，作者删除文件是为了防止自己禁不住诱惑提前阅读信件，故B项正确。]
7．How does the author feel as he is about to open his special letter
A．Relieved. B．Moved.
C．Excited. D．Afraid.
C [考查推理判断。根据最后一段第二句“I open it，trembling with anticipation”可知，作者在打开信时，因为期待而颤抖。由此可推知，作者在打开信时内心很激动，故C项正确。]
C
(2021·山东省淄博市高三第二次检测)
You've probably heard that brick and mortar retail(实体零售) is in trouble.Even industry giants are closing hundreds of stores.Given retail's gradual change from physical stores to mobile and e commerce(电子商务)，you may be wondering，“What will retail look like in the future？”Nobody knows.But here are a few things you can expect to see based on current technology.
Ultra fast delivery is coming.Today，the normal practice is two day delivery.But if you've been paying attention，you know that's changing.In fact，up to 25% of consumers said that they would abandon their orders if one day delivery wasn't available.Of course，that's just the beginning.Two hour delivery is coming in the foreseeable future，and Amazon has already been trying 30 minute delivery.
Your kitchen will resupply itself.You won't have to worry about running out of essentials like coffee，pet food or snacks because your containers will sense stocks(库存) and replace those items without you having to lift a finger.No more waking up to find your coffee store is empty or last minute rush to the grocery store because you forget to buy pet food.
Know exactly what's in stock and where to get it.Have you ever gone to a store hoping to buy something，only to learn that it was out of stock？A new feature from Google Home allows people to ask the Google Assistant to find in stock products at the closest store.For example：“Google，where can I find the Nintendo Switch console？” The assistant will tell you how many stores have it right away and how close they are.Of course，it isn't currently available for all stores in all locations，but you can already see the future when it has become standard.
Convenience，experience，and options—retail will take on a new look.
语篇解读： 本文通过展望未来快递的速度提升、智能厨房的运作方式以及谷歌先进的搜索技能，讨论了零售业未来的模样。
8．How does the author develop the passage
A．By asking and answering.
B．By clarifying and describing.
C．By analyzing and commenting.
D．By comparing and concluding.
A [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“‘What will retail look like in the future？’Nobody knows.”可知，作者是通过提出设问再进行回答的手法展开这篇文章的。故选A项。]
9．What can we know from Paragraph 2
A．Consumers can't get their orders in one day now.
B．It is possible to deliver goods within two hours in the future.
C．The delivery will be in two days in the future.
D．Super fast delivery has widely been used now.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Two hour delivery is coming in the foreseeable future”可知，两个小时就能到的快递在不久的将来就能够实现，故选B项。]
10．According to the passage，what will happen in the future
A．Retail will disappear gradually.
B．Industrial giants will rule the whole retail trade.
C．Shopping will be more convenient and effective.
D.People will ask the Google Assistant to purchase goods.
C [推理判断题。根据文章最后两段的内容，特别是倒数第二段中的“A new feature from Google Home allows people to ask the Google Assistant to find in stock products at the closest store。”可知，未来购物会更加方便和有效，故选C项。]
11．What's the best title for the passage
A．What Will Retail Be Like in the Future
B．How Will New Technology Change the World
C．How Will We Run the Retail Trade in the Future
D．What Benefits Will High tech Bring in the Future
A [主旨大意题。文章第一段中作者通过提出问题“What will retail look like in the future？”来引出本篇文章的主要话题，后面几段用不同的例子来讨论和回答这个问题，因此，文章的最佳标题应该是“未来的零售业会是什么样子？”，故选A项。]
D
(2021·滨州市名校联合第三次质量检测)
Although social media allow us to become more connected to other people than at any time in history，a new study suggests that many Americans feel lonelier than ever before，which is weakening the nation's mental and physical health.
The study conducted by the health insurer Cigna，found widespread loneliness，with nearly half of Americans reporting they feel alone，or left out at least some of the time.The nation's 75 million millennials(ages 23—37) and Generation Z adults(ages 18—22) are lonelier than older generations.Besides，54% of people surveyed said they feel no one knows them well，and four in 10 reported they “lack companionship”，their “relationships aren't meaningful” and they “are isolated(孤立的) from others”．
Douglas Nemecek，MD，Cigna's chief medical officer for Behavioral Health，said the findings of the study suggest that the problem has become common，equaling the risks caused by tobacco and the nation's ever expanding waistline.“Loneliness has the same influence on health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day，while obesity(肥胖) less than 10 cigarettes a day，” he said in releasing the report.
Nemecek's comments tallied_with those of other leading public health specialists，including former Surgeon General Vivek H．Murthy，MD，who said loneliness should be targeted in public health campaigns like those designed to fight against smoking and obesity.“During my years caring for patients，the worst disease I saw was not heart disease or diabetes；it was loneliness，” Murthy said in a recent cover story in the Harvard Business Review.
The new report，produced in Cigna's partnership with the polling company Ipsos，is based on an online survey of more than 20，000 US adults using the well regarded UCLA Loneliness Scale to see how widespread loneliness is in America.
语篇解读： 本文是说明文，主题语境是“人与社会”。文章介绍了一项研究的结果：尽管社交媒体让我们比历史上任何时候都更能与他人建立起联系，但许多美国人感到比以往任何时候都更加孤独。
12．What does the study conducted by Cigna find
A．Older Americans feel much lonelier.
B．Social media do people more harm than good.
C．People become more connected to each other.
D.Social media increase levels of Americans' loneliness.
D [考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“a new study suggests that many Americans feel lonelier than ever before”可知，新的研究发现社交媒体让美国人变得更加孤独。]
13．Which opinion might Douglas Nemecek support
A．Loneliness is not so harmful as smoking.
B．Loneliness is taken seriously by the public.
C．Loneliness is more dangerous than obesity.
D．Loneliness is targeted in public health campaigns.
C [考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Loneliness has the same influence on health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day，while obesity(肥胖)less than 10 cigarettes a day”可知，孤独对健康的影响相当于每天吸15支烟的影响，而肥胖对健康的影响相当于每天吸不到10支烟的影响。由此可推知，孤独比肥胖更危险。]
14．What does the underlined phrase “tallied with” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Agreed with. B．Varied with.
C．Contradicted. D．Inspired.
A [考查词义猜测。根据上文提到的Nemecek的言论和下文中的“those of other leading public health specialists...loneliness should be targeted in public health campaigns like those designed to fight against smoking and obesity”“the worst disease I saw was not heart disease or diabetes；it was loneliness”可知，此处表示Nemecek的言论与其他一些健康专家的言论是一致的，故选A。]
15．What is the purpose of the text
A．To discuss health problems.
B．To present findings of a recent study.
C．To warn people about social media use.
D．To show threats to Americans' health.
B [考查写作目的。根据文章内容尤其是文章首尾两段的呼应可知，本文主要介绍了一项新研究的结果：尽管社交媒体使得人们更易与他人产生联系，但许多美国人却感到比以往任何时候都孤独。故选B。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·山东省实验中学高三模拟)
My dad passed away yesterday and I am processing everything.It's hard to try and find positivity in my pain，but my dad taught me so much when he was healthy，and when he wasn't.I wanted to share some of the lessons.
Be on the phone less.This one seems strange but in his final moments I was all in，no checking my phone because it really didn't matter.__1__ This was a moment I needed to remember and I would have regretted it if I was distracted in this part of his journey.
__2__ Sometimes we need people to lean on.My mom and dad needed a lot of help.I needed a lot of help.We were surrounded by people willing to help us and instead of shutting them out like we've done in the past，we let them in and it was exactly what we needed.
Not everyone will understand your experience.__3__ Just knowing people are here for us means a lot，but I also know that no one will fully understand my experience and that's okay as we are all different.
Family is not necessarily the people who brought you into this world.I am adopted and I know we chose each other.__4__ I also loved my father very much.
There's nothing more important than being with the ones you love.I was able to hold my Dad when he took his last breath.My mom and I made sure that my dad knew he was loved through this journey.__5__ Everything else is secondary.
A．All that mattered was him.
B．Love is what truly matters.
C．Surround yourself with a support system.
D．And my father loved me more than anyone on this earth.
E．It's okay not to understand the reason for everything.
F．Really，we can handle more than we ever thought possible.
G．This was a long and hard journey for my mom and me and all of those who care about us.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了作者的父亲教给作者的一些道理。
1．A [空格前说在父亲人生的最后时刻，“我”全心全意照顾他，不看手机，因为那不重要。A项“重要的是他(指作者的父亲)”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。]
2．C [空格处所填内容是本段的主旨句。本段主要讲了需要帮助时不要把那些愿意帮助我们的人拒之门外。C项“确保身边总有一个支持系统”概括了本段的主旨。故选C。]
3．G [空格前说并不是每个人都能理解你的经历。G项“这件事(指父亲病重住院并离世)对母亲和‘我’以及所有关心‘我们’的人来说都是一段漫长而艰难的过程”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。]
4．D [空格前说“我”是被收养的，“我”和父母互相选择了对方；空格后说“我”也非常爱父亲。D项“并且‘我’父亲比世界上任何人都要爱‘我’”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。]
5．B [空格前说“我”和母亲确保父亲知道在人生的最后一段旅程中一直有人爱着他；空格后说其他事情都是次要的。B项“爱才是真正重要的”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。]
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·江西省五校协作体高三模拟)
Brooke Ochoa was going to enter a restaurant for lunch when she saw an elderly lady approaching.The 30 year old woman __1__ to keep the door open for her.She thought she was just doing something __2__．She didn't know，however，that a remark(评论) that the lady would make a few seconds later would __3__ a chain of events that would cause her to get countless likes on her post and __4__ on social media suddenly.As Brooke entered the restaurant，she __5__ the elderly lady asking for “a table for one”．Then she decided to do one more act of __6__．Brooke walked up to the lady's __7__ and asked，“I also __8__ alone，would you like to have lunch together”．
The lady，named Dolores，not only accepted Brooke's __9__，but she was very pleased to have __10__．The two __11__ up an instant friendship during their meal.
Dolores told Brooke that she'd been having a __12__ time.“She spent the last decade living with her mom，who recently passed away，” Brooke wrote in a later post about the encounter.“She just kept smiling and saying‘thank you for listening to me’，which made me __13__ too！” Brooke and Dolores enjoyed their conversation so much that they __14__ to have lunch with each other every Thursday from that point on.In a later __15__，not long after their first meeting，Brooke __16__ that Dolores had passed away.
If nothing else，this chance __17__ is evidence that the smallest __18__ of goodwill can quite exactly change a life.Neither of the two women knew that Dolores's days on earth were so __19__，but they found __20__ in each other，and that's what matters.
语篇解读： Brooke Ochoa去餐馆吃饭时偶遇了一位老妇人，她为这位老妇人开门，又在得知老妇人自己一个人吃饭后邀请其一起共进午餐，两人由此建立了友谊，并约定每周四共进午餐；但在她们第一次见面后不久，那位老妇人就去世了。这段友谊虽然很短暂，但是她们在彼此身上找到了安慰。
1．A.hesitated B．waited
C．competed D．pretended
B [根据空后的“keep the door open for her”和下文Brooke因为这个行为获赞可知，Brooke在那等着为那位老妇人开门。故选B。hesitate“犹豫”；pretend“假装”。]
2．A.polite B．honest
C．wise D．foolish
A [根据上文内容并结合常识可知，等着为别人开门是一种礼貌的行为。故选A。]
3．A.ignore B．report
C．remove D．produce
D [与该句中的“cause”呼应，并结合空后的“a chain of events”可知，此处表示几秒后那位老妇人的评论会引起(produce)一连串的事件。]
4．A.take off B．set off
C．leave off D．cut off
A [与句中的“get countless likes”呼应可知，此处表示Brooke因为无数点赞而在社交媒体上开始走红。take off“开始走红”；set off“出发”；leave off“停止，中断”；cut off“中断”。]
5．A.realized B．felt
C．insisted D．overheard
D [根据语境可知，当Brooke走进餐馆，她无意中听到那位老妇人正在要一张单人桌。overhear“无意中听到，偶然听到”。]
6．A.weakness B．kindness
C．friendship D．encouragement
B [根据上文可知，Brooke为老妇人开门是一种礼貌的行为；当她无意中听到那位老妇人想要一张单人桌时，她决定再多做一个善举。]
7．A.car B．counter
C．door D．table
D [根据上文中的“table”可知，Brooke走到老妇人的餐桌旁邀请她一起共进午餐。]
8．A.struggle B．defend
C．eat D．post
C [根据空后的“would you like to have lunch together”可知，Brooke也是一个人来餐馆吃饭的。]
9．A.bow B．care
C．effort D．offer
D [根据上文中的“would you like to have lunch together”可知，这是Brooke的提议(offer)。]
10．A.company B．friction
C．adjustment D．permission
A [与上文中的“a table for one”“alone”形成对比可知，老妇人不仅接受了Brooke的提议，而且也乐意吃饭有个伴儿。company“陪伴”；friction“摩擦”；adjustment“调整”；permission“许可”。]
11．A.turned B．built
C．threw D．put
B [根据语境可知，两个陌生人在就餐过程中迅速建立了友谊。]
12．A.pleasant B．short
C．tough D．lucky
C [根据下一句中的“She spent the last decade living with her mom，who recently passed away”可推知，老妇人当时正在过着艰难的日子。tough意为“艰难的”。]
13．A.sob B．panic
C．listen D．smile
D [根据本句中的“She just kept smiling”和“too”可知，老妇人感染了Brooke，Brooke也面带微笑。故选D。sob“啜泣”；panic“(使)惊慌”。]
14．A.seemed B．refused
C．agreed D．remained
C [根据该句中的“Brooke and Dolores enjoyed their conversation so much”可知，Brooke和Dolores聊得很开心，因此两人约定每个星期四都共进午餐。agree意为“商定，约定”。]
15．A.update B．purchase
C．absence D．praise
A [与上文“Brooke wrote in a later post about the encounter”呼应可知，此处表示在Brooke和Dolores第一次见面之后不久更新的一篇帖子中，Brooke说Dolores已经去世了。]
16．A.approved B．told
C．analyzed D．committed
B [参见上题解析。]
17．A.complaint B．argument
C．conversation D．appointment
C [根据上文中的“Brooke and Dolores enjoyed their conversation so much”可知，此处表示Brooke和Dolores共进午餐时所进行的谈话。]
18．A.strength B．act
C．competence D．fault
B [与上文中的“Then she decided to do one more act of ________”形成呼应可推知，此处表示善举。故选B。competence“能力”；fault“过错，过失”。]
19．A.limited B．rich
C．long D．poor
A [根据上文可知，在Brooke和Dolores约定一起共进午餐后不久，Dolores就去世了，故此处表示当时她们都不知道Dolores在世的时间如此有限。]
20．A.success B．reality
C．comfort D．equality
C [Brooke和Dolores共进午餐时聊得很开心，她们之间建立了友谊，彼此在对方那里找到了安慰。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·广州高三调研)
We all know clean water is important for good health.But now we also know we should watch 1.________ we keep our water in.Plastic bottles hardened with a dangerous material 2.________(call) BPA can release a chemical into our water that harms our bodies.Since 2011，many countries 3.________(ban) plastic with BPA from use in food containers and feeding bottles.But are other non BPA plastics safe
Plastic labeled BPA free might use other chemicals that have 4.________(harm) effects on health.5.________(study) have shown that low levels of those chemicals might have the same effects as BPA.So，what should people do？The 6.________(good) material to drink from is glass，7.________ has no chemicals that can poison water.
Another good choice 8.________ a water container is a stainless steel(不锈钢) bottle.Stainless steel bottles are better than aluminum(铝) bottles，which are covered with thin plastic 9.________(protect) the metal from acids(酸).There are many good food grade stainless steel water bottles on the market.
If you do decide to use a reusable plastic water bottle，avoid 10.________(keep) it in the sun.Sunlight and hot liquid speed up the release of chemicals into your drinking water.
语篇解读： 用BPA硬化而成的塑料瓶在存放水时会释放一种对身体有害的化学物质，一些标明不含BPA的塑料也可能使用了对健康有害的其他化学物质。存放水的最佳材料是玻璃，不锈钢也是不错的选择。
1．解析： 考查宾语从句。根据下文中的“Plastic bottles”可知，此处表示我们现在还知道应该留意存放水的地方。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作介词in的宾语，表示“……的事物”，故用what引导该宾语从句。
答案： what
2．解析： 考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，a dangerous material和动词call之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用call的过去分词形式。
答案： called
3．解析： 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Since 2011”可知，该句应用现在完成时，又主语many countries为复数，故填have banned。
答案： have banned
4．解析： 考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词effects，故用harm的形容词形式harmful。
答案： harmful
5．解析： 考查名词的单复数。根据该句中的“have shown”可知，该句主语应为复数，且此处study作“研究，调查”讲，是可数名词，故用study的复数形式。
答案： Studies
6．解析： 考查形容词的最高级。上文介绍了两种对身体有害的塑料存水容器，结合该句中的“The”并根据语境可知，此处表示用来喝水的最好的材料是玻璃。故用形容词的最高级形式。
答案： best
7．解析： 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为glass，故用which引导该从句。
答案： which
8．解析： 考查介词。根据本句句意可知，此处可表示用途，故用for或者as；此处也可以表示“关于”，故用of。
答案： for/as/of
9．解析： 考查动词不定式。该句意为：不锈钢瓶比铝瓶好，铝瓶上覆盖着薄薄的塑料以保护金属不被酸腐蚀。空处表示目的，故用动词不定式。
答案： to protect
10．解析： 考查动名词。avoid doing sth.为固定用法，意为“避免做某事”。
答案： keeping
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·广州高三调研)
Last week，I quarrel with my parents about spending too much time in my cellphone.I felt exhausting that day，and became very angry even though they talked to me in a friend way.
I now feel ashamed and am writing with this article to apologize.There are people in the world I value，such as teacher and friends.Moreover，the most important people to me is my parents.It is them who raise me and give me a happy life.I want them to know that I'm deeply sorry and will try to be good person and make them proud.
答案：
Last week，I with my parents about spending too much time my cellphone.I felt that day，and became very angry even though they talked to me in a way.
I now feel ashamed and am writing this article to apologize.There are people in the world I value，such as and friends.，the most important people to me my parents.It is who raise me and give me a happy life.I want them to know that I'm deeply sorry and will try to be person and make them proud.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·郑州高三第一次调研)
假定你是李华，在你校学习汉语的美国交换生Peter发邮件说他想参加你校即将举办的中华经典文学作品朗诵比赛(Chinese Classical Literature Recitation Contest)，但不知如何准备，请根据以下要点用英语给他回复，要点包括：
1．推荐朗诵内容；
2．介绍朗诵技巧；
3．告知注意事项；
4．预祝比赛成功。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Peter，
Having learned from your email that you want to take part in the Chinese Classical Literature Recitation Contest to be held in our school but don't know how to prepare for it，I'd like to tell you something about it.
First，the form of the contest can be various，which involves reading or reciting on your own，in pairs or in groups.You can choose any classical literature you like，such as Tang poetry and Song poems.Second，when participating，remember to read or recite as clearly as possible.In addition，all the contestants are required to sign up in the Student Union.
I hope you can make progress in Chinese learning.Good luck in the contest!
Yours，
Li Hua
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